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 402 </head>
 403 <body>
 404 <div id="header">
 405 <h1>
 406 git-whatchanged(1) Manual Page
 407 </h1>
 408 <h2>NAME</h2>
 409 <div class="sectionbody">
 410 <p>git-whatchanged -
 411    Show logs with difference each commit introduces
 412 </p>
 413 </div>
 414 </div>
 415 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 416 <div class="sectionbody">
 417 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git whatchanged</em> &lt;option&gt;&#8230;</p></div>
 418 </div>
 419 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 420 <div class="sectionbody">
 421 <div class="paragraph"><p>Shows commit logs and diff output each commit introduces.  The
 422 command internally invokes <em>git rev-list</em> piped to
 423 <em>git diff-tree</em>, and takes command line options for both of
 424 these commands.</p></div>
 425 <div class="paragraph"><p>This manual page describes only the most frequently used options.</p></div>
 426 </div>
 427 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 428 <div class="sectionbody">
 429 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 430 <dt class="hdlist1">
 431 -p
 432 </dt>
 433 <dd>
 434 <p>
 435         Show textual diffs, instead of the git internal diff
 436         output format that is useful only to tell the changed
 437         paths and their nature of changes.
 438 </p>
 439 </dd>
 440 <dt class="hdlist1">
 441 -&lt;n&gt;
 442 </dt>
 443 <dd>
 444 <p>
 445         Limit output to &lt;n&gt; commits.
 446 </p>
 447 </dd>
 448 <dt class="hdlist1">
 449 &lt;since&gt;..&lt;until&gt;
 450 </dt>
 451 <dd>
 452 <p>
 453         Limit output to between the two named commits (bottom
 454         exclusive, top inclusive).
 455 </p>
 456 </dd>
 457 <dt class="hdlist1">
 458 -r
 459 </dt>
 460 <dd>
 461 <p>
 462         Show git internal diff output, but for the whole tree,
 463         not just the top level.
 464 </p>
 465 </dd>
 466 <dt class="hdlist1">
 467 -m
 468 </dt>
 469 <dd>
 470 <p>
 471         By default, differences for merge commits are not shown.
 472         With this flag, show differences to that commit from all
 473         of its parents.
 474 </p>
 475 <div class="paragraph"><p>However, it is not very useful in general, although it
 476 <strong>is</strong> useful on a file-by-file basis.</p></div>
 477 </dd>
 478 <dt class="hdlist1">
 479 --pretty[=&lt;format&gt;]
 480 </dt>
 481 <dt class="hdlist1">
 482 --format=&lt;format&gt;
 483 </dt>
 484 <dd>
 485 <p>
 486         Pretty-print the contents of the commit logs in a given format,
 487         where <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> can be one of <em>oneline</em>, <em>short</em>, <em>medium</em>,
 488         <em>full</em>, <em>fuller</em>, <em>email</em>, <em>raw</em> and <em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em>.  See
 489         the "PRETTY FORMATS" section for some additional details for each
 490         format.  When omitted, the format defaults to <em>medium</em>.
 491 </p>
 492 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note: you can specify the default pretty format in the repository
 493 configuration (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
 494 </dd>
 495 <dt class="hdlist1">
 496 --abbrev-commit
 497 </dt>
 498 <dd>
 499 <p>
 500         Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal commit object
 501         name, show only a partial prefix.  Non default number of
 502         digits can be specified with "--abbrev=&lt;n&gt;" (which also modifies
 503         diff output, if it is displayed).
 504 </p>
 505 <div class="paragraph"><p>This should make "--pretty=oneline" a whole lot more readable for
 506 people using 80-column terminals.</p></div>
 507 </dd>
 508 <dt class="hdlist1">
 509 --oneline
 510 </dt>
 511 <dd>
 512 <p>
 513         This is a shorthand for "--pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit"
 514         used together.
 515 </p>
 516 </dd>
 517 <dt class="hdlist1">
 518 --encoding[=&lt;encoding&gt;]
 519 </dt>
 520 <dd>
 521 <p>
 522         The commit objects record the encoding used for the log message
 523         in their encoding header; this option can be used to tell the
 524         command to re-code the commit log message in the encoding
 525         preferred by the user.  For non plumbing commands this
 526         defaults to UTF-8.
 527 </p>
 528 </dd>
 529 <dt class="hdlist1">
 530 --no-notes
 531 </dt>
 532 <dt class="hdlist1">
 533 --show-notes[=&lt;ref&gt;]
 534 </dt>
 535 <dd>
 536 <p>
 537         Show the notes (see <a href="git-notes.html">git-notes(1)</a>) that annotate the
 538         commit, when showing the commit log message.  This is the default
 539         for <tt>git log</tt>, <tt>git show</tt> and <tt>git whatchanged</tt> commands when
 540         there is no <tt>--pretty</tt>, <tt>--format</tt> nor <tt>--oneline</tt> option is
 541         given on the command line.
 542 </p>
 543 <div class="paragraph"><p>With an optional argument, add this ref to the list of notes.  The ref
 544 is taken to be in <tt>refs/notes/</tt> if it is not qualified.</p></div>
 545 </dd>
 546 <dt class="hdlist1">
 547 --[no-]standard-notes
 548 </dt>
 549 <dd>
 550 <p>
 551         Enable or disable populating the notes ref list from the
 552         <em>core.notesRef</em> and <em>notes.displayRef</em> variables (or
 553         corresponding environment overrides).  Enabled by default.
 554         See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
 555 </p>
 556 </dd>
 557 </dl></div>
 558 </div>
 559 <h2 id="_pretty_formats">PRETTY FORMATS</h2>
 560 <div class="sectionbody">
 561 <div class="paragraph"><p>If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format
 562 is not <em>oneline</em>, <em>email</em> or <em>raw</em>, an additional line is
 563 inserted before the <em>Author:</em> line.  This line begins with
 564 "Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are printed,
 565 separated by spaces.  Note that the listed commits may not
 566 necessarily be the list of the <strong>direct</strong> parent commits if you
 567 have limited your view of history: for example, if you are
 568 only interested in changes related to a certain directory or
 569 file.</p></div>
 570 <div class="paragraph"><p>There are several built-in formats, and you can define
 571 additional formats by setting a pretty.&lt;name&gt;
 572 config option to either another format name, or a
 573 <em>format:</em> string, as described below (see
 574 <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). Here are the details of the
 575 built-in formats:</p></div>
 576 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 577 <li>
 578 <p>
 579 <em>oneline</em>
 580 </p>
 581 <div class="literalblock">
 582 <div class="content">
 583 <pre><tt>&lt;sha1&gt; &lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 584 </div></div>
 585 <div class="paragraph"><p>This is designed to be as compact as possible.</p></div>
 586 </li>
 587 <li>
 588 <p>
 589 <em>short</em>
 590 </p>
 591 <div class="literalblock">
 592 <div class="content">
 593 <pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
 594 Author: &lt;author&gt;</tt></pre>
 595 </div></div>
 596 <div class="literalblock">
 597 <div class="content">
 598 <pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 599 </div></div>
 600 </li>
 601 <li>
 602 <p>
 603 <em>medium</em>
 604 </p>
 605 <div class="literalblock">
 606 <div class="content">
 607 <pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
 608 Author: &lt;author&gt;
 609 Date:   &lt;author date&gt;</tt></pre>
 610 </div></div>
 611 <div class="literalblock">
 612 <div class="content">
 613 <pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 614 </div></div>
 615 <div class="literalblock">
 616 <div class="content">
 617 <pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
 618 </div></div>
 619 </li>
 620 <li>
 621 <p>
 622 <em>full</em>
 623 </p>
 624 <div class="literalblock">
 625 <div class="content">
 626 <pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
 627 Author: &lt;author&gt;
 628 Commit: &lt;committer&gt;</tt></pre>
 629 </div></div>
 630 <div class="literalblock">
 631 <div class="content">
 632 <pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 633 </div></div>
 634 <div class="literalblock">
 635 <div class="content">
 636 <pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
 637 </div></div>
 638 </li>
 639 <li>
 640 <p>
 641 <em>fuller</em>
 642 </p>
 643 <div class="literalblock">
 644 <div class="content">
 645 <pre><tt>commit &lt;sha1&gt;
 646 Author:     &lt;author&gt;
 647 AuthorDate: &lt;author date&gt;
 648 Commit:     &lt;committer&gt;
 649 CommitDate: &lt;committer date&gt;</tt></pre>
 650 </div></div>
 651 <div class="literalblock">
 652 <div class="content">
 653 <pre><tt>&lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 654 </div></div>
 655 <div class="literalblock">
 656 <div class="content">
 657 <pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
 658 </div></div>
 659 </li>
 660 <li>
 661 <p>
 662 <em>email</em>
 663 </p>
 664 <div class="literalblock">
 665 <div class="content">
 666 <pre><tt>From &lt;sha1&gt; &lt;date&gt;
 667 From: &lt;author&gt;
 668 Date: &lt;author date&gt;
 669 Subject: [PATCH] &lt;title line&gt;</tt></pre>
 670 </div></div>
 671 <div class="literalblock">
 672 <div class="content">
 673 <pre><tt>&lt;full commit message&gt;</tt></pre>
 674 </div></div>
 675 </li>
 676 <li>
 677 <p>
 678 <em>raw</em>
 679 </p>
 680 <div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>raw</em> format shows the entire commit exactly as
 681 stored in the commit object.  Notably, the SHA1s are
 682 displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
 683 --no-abbrev are used, and <em>parents</em> information show the
 684 true parent commits, without taking grafts nor history
 685 simplification into account.</p></div>
 686 </li>
 687 <li>
 688 <p>
 689 <em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em>
 690 </p>
 691 <div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>format:&lt;string&gt;</em> format allows you to specify which information
 692 you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format,
 693 with the notable exception that you get a newline with <em>%n</em>
 694 instead of <em>\n</em>.</p></div>
 695 <div class="paragraph"><p>E.g, <em>format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was &gt;&gt;%s&lt;&lt;%n"</em>
 696 would show something like this:</p></div>
 697 <div class="listingblock">
 698 <div class="content">
 699 <pre><tt>The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago
 700 The title was &gt;&gt;t4119: test autocomputing -p&lt;n&gt; for traditional diff input.&lt;&lt;</tt></pre>
 701 </div></div>
 702 <div class="paragraph"><p>The placeholders are:</p></div>
 703 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 704 <li>
 705 <p>
 706 <em>%H</em>: commit hash
 707 </p>
 708 </li>
 709 <li>
 710 <p>
 711 <em>%h</em>: abbreviated commit hash
 712 </p>
 713 </li>
 714 <li>
 715 <p>
 716 <em>%T</em>: tree hash
 717 </p>
 718 </li>
 719 <li>
 720 <p>
 721 <em>%t</em>: abbreviated tree hash
 722 </p>
 723 </li>
 724 <li>
 725 <p>
 726 <em>%P</em>: parent hashes
 727 </p>
 728 </li>
 729 <li>
 730 <p>
 731 <em>%p</em>: abbreviated parent hashes
 732 </p>
 733 </li>
 734 <li>
 735 <p>
 736 <em>%an</em>: author name
 737 </p>
 738 </li>
 739 <li>
 740 <p>
 741 <em>%aN</em>: author name (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
 742 </p>
 743 </li>
 744 <li>
 745 <p>
 746 <em>%ae</em>: author email
 747 </p>
 748 </li>
 749 <li>
 750 <p>
 751 <em>%aE</em>: author email (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
 752 </p>
 753 </li>
 754 <li>
 755 <p>
 756 <em>%ad</em>: author date (format respects --date= option)
 757 </p>
 758 </li>
 759 <li>
 760 <p>
 761 <em>%aD</em>: author date, RFC2822 style
 762 </p>
 763 </li>
 764 <li>
 765 <p>
 766 <em>%ar</em>: author date, relative
 767 </p>
 768 </li>
 769 <li>
 770 <p>
 771 <em>%at</em>: author date, UNIX timestamp
 772 </p>
 773 </li>
 774 <li>
 775 <p>
 776 <em>%ai</em>: author date, ISO 8601 format
 777 </p>
 778 </li>
 779 <li>
 780 <p>
 781 <em>%cn</em>: committer name
 782 </p>
 783 </li>
 784 <li>
 785 <p>
 786 <em>%cN</em>: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
 787 </p>
 788 </li>
 789 <li>
 790 <p>
 791 <em>%ce</em>: committer email
 792 </p>
 793 </li>
 794 <li>
 795 <p>
 796 <em>%cE</em>: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a> or <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>)
 797 </p>
 798 </li>
 799 <li>
 800 <p>
 801 <em>%cd</em>: committer date
 802 </p>
 803 </li>
 804 <li>
 805 <p>
 806 <em>%cD</em>: committer date, RFC2822 style
 807 </p>
 808 </li>
 809 <li>
 810 <p>
 811 <em>%cr</em>: committer date, relative
 812 </p>
 813 </li>
 814 <li>
 815 <p>
 816 <em>%ct</em>: committer date, UNIX timestamp
 817 </p>
 818 </li>
 819 <li>
 820 <p>
 821 <em>%ci</em>: committer date, ISO 8601 format
 822 </p>
 823 </li>
 824 <li>
 825 <p>
 826 <em>%d</em>: ref names, like the --decorate option of <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>
 827 </p>
 828 </li>
 829 <li>
 830 <p>
 831 <em>%e</em>: encoding
 832 </p>
 833 </li>
 834 <li>
 835 <p>
 836 <em>%s</em>: subject
 837 </p>
 838 </li>
 839 <li>
 840 <p>
 841 <em>%f</em>: sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
 842 </p>
 843 </li>
 844 <li>
 845 <p>
 846 <em>%b</em>: body
 847 </p>
 848 </li>
 849 <li>
 850 <p>
 851 <em>%B</em>: raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
 852 </p>
 853 </li>
 854 <li>
 855 <p>
 856 <em>%N</em>: commit notes
 857 </p>
 858 </li>
 859 <li>
 860 <p>
 861 <em>%gD</em>: reflog selector, e.g., <tt>refs/stash@{1}</tt>
 862 </p>
 863 </li>
 864 <li>
 865 <p>
 866 <em>%gd</em>: shortened reflog selector, e.g., <tt>stash@{1}</tt>
 867 </p>
 868 </li>
 869 <li>
 870 <p>
 871 <em>%gs</em>: reflog subject
 872 </p>
 873 </li>
 874 <li>
 875 <p>
 876 <em>%Cred</em>: switch color to red
 877 </p>
 878 </li>
 879 <li>
 880 <p>
 881 <em>%Cgreen</em>: switch color to green
 882 </p>
 883 </li>
 884 <li>
 885 <p>
 886 <em>%Cblue</em>: switch color to blue
 887 </p>
 888 </li>
 889 <li>
 890 <p>
 891 <em>%Creset</em>: reset color
 892 </p>
 893 </li>
 894 <li>
 895 <p>
 896 <em>%C(&#8230;)</em>: color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
 897 </p>
 898 </li>
 899 <li>
 900 <p>
 901 <em>%m</em>: left, right or boundary mark
 902 </p>
 903 </li>
 904 <li>
 905 <p>
 906 <em>%n</em>: newline
 907 </p>
 908 </li>
 909 <li>
 910 <p>
 911 <em>%%</em>: a raw <em>%</em>
 912 </p>
 913 </li>
 914 <li>
 915 <p>
 916 <em>%x00</em>: print a byte from a hex code
 917 </p>
 918 </li>
 919 <li>
 920 <p>
 921 <em>%w([&lt;w&gt;[,&lt;i1&gt;[,&lt;i2&gt;]]])</em>: switch line wrapping, like the -w option of
 922   <a href="git-shortlog.html">git-shortlog(1)</a>.
 923 </p>
 924 </li>
 925 </ul></div>
 926 </li>
 927 </ul></div>
 928 <div class="admonitionblock">
 929 <table><tr>
 930 <td class="icon">
 931 <div class="title">Note</div>
 932 </td>
 933 <td class="content">Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
 934 revision traversal engine. For example, the <tt>%g*</tt> reflog options will
 935 insert an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by
 936 <tt>git log -g</tt>). The <tt>%d</tt> placeholder will use the "short" decoration
 937 format if <tt>--decorate</tt> was not already provided on the command line.</td>
 938 </tr></table>
 939 </div>
 940 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a <tt>&#43;</tt> (plus sign) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, a line-feed
 941 is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
 942 placeholder expands to a non-empty string.</p></div>
 943 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a <tt>-</tt> (minus sign) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, line-feeds that
 944 immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the
 945 placeholder expands to an empty string.</p></div>
 946 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you add a ` ` (space) after <em>%</em> of a placeholder, a space
 947 is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
 948 placeholder expands to a non-empty string.</p></div>
 949 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 950 <li>
 951 <p>
 952 <em>tformat:</em>
 953 </p>
 954 <div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>tformat:</em> format works exactly like <em>format:</em>, except that it
 955 provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics. In
 956 other words, each commit has the message terminator character (usually a
 957 newline) appended, rather than a separator placed between entries.
 958 This means that the final entry of a single-line format will be properly
 959 terminated with a new line, just as the "oneline" format does.
 960 For example:</p></div>
 961 <div class="listingblock">
 962 <div class="content">
 963 <pre><tt>$ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \
 964   | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
 965 4da45be
 966 7134973 -- NO NEWLINE
 967
 968 $ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
 969   | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
 970 4da45be
 971 7134973</tt></pre>
 972 </div></div>
 973 <div class="paragraph"><p>In addition, any unrecognized string that has a <tt>%</tt> in it is interpreted
 974 as if it has <tt>tformat:</tt> in front of it.  For example, these two are
 975 equivalent:</p></div>
 976 <div class="listingblock">
 977 <div class="content">
 978 <pre><tt>$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
 979 $ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef</tt></pre>
 980 </div></div>
 981 </li>
 982 </ul></div>
 983 </div>
 984 <h2 id="_examples">Examples</h2>
 985 <div class="sectionbody">
 986 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 987 <dt class="hdlist1">
 988 git whatchanged -p v2.6.12.. include/scsi drivers/scsi
 989 </dt>
 990 <dd>
 991 <p>
 992         Show as patches the commits since version <em>v2.6.12</em> that changed
 993         any file in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 994 </p>
 995 </dd>
 996 <dt class="hdlist1">
 997 git whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk
 998 </dt>
 999 <dd>
1000 <p>
1001         Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file <em>gitk</em>.
1002         The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the <strong>branch</strong> named
1003         <em>gitk</em>
1004 </p>
1005 </dd>
1006 </dl></div>
1007 </div>
1008 <h2 id="_author">Author</h2>
1009 <div class="sectionbody">
1010 <div class="paragraph"><p>Written by Linus Torvalds &lt;<a href="mailto:torvalds@osdl.org">torvalds@osdl.org</a>&gt; and
1011 Junio C Hamano &lt;<a href="mailto:gitster@pobox.com">gitster@pobox.com</a>&gt;</p></div>
1012 </div>
1013 <h2 id="_documentation">Documentation</h2>
1014 <div class="sectionbody">
1015 <div class="paragraph"><p>Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list &lt;<a href="mailto:git@vger.kernel.org">git@vger.kernel.org</a>&gt;.</p></div>
1016 </div>
1017 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1018 <div class="sectionbody">
1019 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1020 </div>
1021 <div id="footer">
1022 <div id="footer-text">
1023 Last updated 2010-01-21 17:44:19 UTC
1024 </div>
1025 </div>
1026 </body>
1027 </html>