6 git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
12 'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
13 (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
14 (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
15 [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
16 [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
17 [--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
19 [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
20 [--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>]\*
24 This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
25 actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
28 One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
35 Show cached files in the output (default)
39 Show deleted files in the output
43 Show modified files in the output
47 Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
51 Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
52 index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
53 showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
58 Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
61 If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
62 name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
64 --no-empty-directory::
65 Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
69 Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
73 Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
74 to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
78 \0 line termination on output.
82 Skips files matching pattern.
83 Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
86 --exclude-from=<file>::
87 exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
89 --exclude-per-directory=<file>::
90 read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
91 directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
94 Add the standard git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
95 in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
98 If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
101 --with-tree=<tree-ish>::
102 When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
103 <file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
104 that paths which were removed in the index since the
105 named <tree-ish> are still present. Using this option
106 with `-s` or `-u` options does not make any sense.
109 This feature is semi-deprecated. For scripting purpose,
110 linkgit:git-status[1] `--porcelain` and
111 linkgit:git-diff-files[1] `--name-status` are almost always
112 superior alternatives, and users should look at
113 linkgit:git-status[1] `--short` or linkgit:git-diff[1]
114 `--name-status` for more user-friendly alternatives.
116 This option identifies the file status with the following tags (followed by
117 a space) at the start of each line:
128 Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
129 that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
130 linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
133 When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
134 outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
135 option forces paths to be output relative to the project
139 Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
140 lines, show only a partial prefix.
141 Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
144 Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
147 Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
148 specified criteria are shown.
152 'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless '--stage' is specified in
153 which case it outputs:
155 [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
157 'git ls-files --unmerged' and 'git ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
158 detailed information on unmerged paths.
160 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
161 the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
162 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
163 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
164 path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
166 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
167 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
174 'git ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
175 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
176 flags --others or --ignored are specified. linkgit:gitignore[5]
177 specifies the format of exclude patterns.
179 These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
181 1. The command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a
182 single pattern. Patterns are ordered in the same order
183 they appear in the command line.
185 2. The command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a
186 file containing a list of patterns. Patterns are ordered
187 in the same order they appear in the file.
189 3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
190 a name of the file in each directory 'git ls-files'
191 examines, normally `.gitignore`. Files in deeper
192 directories take precedence. Patterns are ordered in the
193 same order they appear in the files.
195 A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
196 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
197 top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified
198 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
199 pattern file appears in.
203 linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
208 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
212 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
216 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite