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 571 <div id="header">
 572 <h1>
 573 gitrepository-layout(5) Manual Page
 574 </h1>
 575 <h2>NAME</h2>
 576 <div class="sectionbody">
 577 <p>gitrepository-layout -
 578    Git Repository Layout
 579 </p>
 580 </div>
 581 </div>
 582 <div id="content">
 583 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 584 <div class="sectionbody">
 585 <div class="paragraph"><p>$GIT_DIR/*</p></div>
 586 </div>
 587 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 588 <div class="sectionbody">
 589 <div class="paragraph"><p>You may find these things in your git repository (<tt>.git</tt>
 590 directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
 591 <tt>&lt;project&gt;.git</tt> directory for a public <em>bare</em> repository. It is
 592 also possible to have a working tree where <tt>.git</tt> is a plain
 593 ASCII file containing <tt>gitdir: &lt;path&gt;</tt>, i.e. the path to the
 594 real git repository).</p></div>
 595 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 596 <dt class="hdlist1">
 597 objects
 598 </dt>
 599 <dd>
 600 <p>
 601         Object store associated with this repository.  Usually
 602         an object store is self sufficient (i.e. all the objects
 603         that are referred to by an object found in it are also
 604         found in it), but there are a few ways to violate it.
 605 </p>
 606 <div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
 607 <li>
 608 <p>
 609 You could have an incomplete but locally usable repository
 610 by creating a shallow clone.  See <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a>.
 611 </p>
 612 </li>
 613 <li>
 614 <p>
 615 You could be using the <tt>objects/info/alternates</tt> or
 616 <tt>$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES</tt> mechanisms to <em>borrow</em>
 617 objects from other object stores.  A repository with this kind
 618 of incomplete object store is not suitable to be published for
 619 use with dumb transports but otherwise is OK as long as
 620 <tt>objects/info/alternates</tt> points at the object stores it
 621 borrows from.
 622 </p>
 623 </li>
 624 </ol></div>
 625 </dd>
 626 <dt class="hdlist1">
 627 objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]
 628 </dt>
 629 <dd>
 630 <p>
 631         A newly created object is stored in its own file.
 632         The objects are splayed over 256 subdirectories using
 633         the first two characters of the sha1 object name to
 634         keep the number of directory entries in <tt>objects</tt>
 635         itself to a manageable number. Objects found
 636         here are often called <em>unpacked</em> (or <em>loose</em>) objects.
 637 </p>
 638 </dd>
 639 <dt class="hdlist1">
 640 objects/pack
 641 </dt>
 642 <dd>
 643 <p>
 644         Packs (files that store many object in compressed form,
 645         along with index files to allow them to be randomly
 646         accessed) are found in this directory.
 647 </p>
 648 </dd>
 649 <dt class="hdlist1">
 650 objects/info
 651 </dt>
 652 <dd>
 653 <p>
 654         Additional information about the object store is
 655         recorded in this directory.
 656 </p>
 657 </dd>
 658 <dt class="hdlist1">
 659 objects/info/packs
 660 </dt>
 661 <dd>
 662 <p>
 663         This file is to help dumb transports discover what packs
 664         are available in this object store.  Whenever a pack is
 665         added or removed, <tt>git update-server-info</tt> should be run
 666         to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
 667         published for dumb transports.  <em>git repack</em> does this
 668         by default.
 669 </p>
 670 </dd>
 671 <dt class="hdlist1">
 672 objects/info/alternates
 673 </dt>
 674 <dd>
 675 <p>
 676         This file records paths to alternate object stores that
 677         this object store borrows objects from, one pathname per
 678         line. Note that not only native Git tools use it locally,
 679         but the HTTP fetcher also tries to use it remotely; this
 680         will usually work if you have relative paths (relative
 681         to the object database, not to the repository!) in your
 682         alternates file, but it will not work if you use absolute
 683         paths unless the absolute path in filesystem and web URL
 684         is the same. See also <em>objects/info/http-alternates</em>.
 685 </p>
 686 </dd>
 687 <dt class="hdlist1">
 688 objects/info/http-alternates
 689 </dt>
 690 <dd>
 691 <p>
 692         This file records URLs to alternate object stores that
 693         this object store borrows objects from, to be used when
 694         the repository is fetched over HTTP.
 695 </p>
 696 </dd>
 697 <dt class="hdlist1">
 698 refs
 699 </dt>
 700 <dd>
 701 <p>
 702         References are stored in subdirectories of this
 703         directory.  The <em>git prune</em> command knows to preserve
 704         objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
 705         its subdirectories.
 706 </p>
 707 </dd>
 708 <dt class="hdlist1">
 709 refs/heads/<tt>name</tt>
 710 </dt>
 711 <dd>
 712 <p>
 713         records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch <tt>name</tt>
 714 </p>
 715 </dd>
 716 <dt class="hdlist1">
 717 refs/tags/<tt>name</tt>
 718 </dt>
 719 <dd>
 720 <p>
 721         records any object name (not necessarily a commit
 722         object, or a tag object that points at a commit object).
 723 </p>
 724 </dd>
 725 <dt class="hdlist1">
 726 refs/remotes/<tt>name</tt>
 727 </dt>
 728 <dd>
 729 <p>
 730         records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branches copied
 731         from a remote repository.
 732 </p>
 733 </dd>
 734 <dt class="hdlist1">
 735 packed-refs
 736 </dt>
 737 <dd>
 738 <p>
 739         records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
 740         and friends record in a more efficient way.  See
 741         <a href="git-pack-refs.html">git-pack-refs(1)</a>.
 742 </p>
 743 </dd>
 744 <dt class="hdlist1">
 745 HEAD
 746 </dt>
 747 <dd>
 748 <p>
 749         A symref (see glossary) to the <tt>refs/heads/</tt> namespace
 750         describing the currently active branch.  It does not mean
 751         much if the repository is not associated with any working tree
 752         (i.e. a <em>bare</em> repository), but a valid git repository
 753         <strong>must</strong> have the HEAD file; some porcelains may use it to
 754         guess the designated "default" branch of the repository
 755         (usually <em>master</em>).  It is legal if the named branch
 756         <em>name</em> does not (yet) exist.  In some legacy setups, it is
 757         a symbolic link instead of a symref that points at the current
 758         branch.
 759 </p>
 760 <div class="paragraph"><p>HEAD can also record a specific commit directly, instead of
 761 being a symref to point at the current branch.  Such a state
 762 is often called <em>detached HEAD.</em>  See <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>
 763 for details.</p></div>
 764 </dd>
 765 <dt class="hdlist1">
 766 branches
 767 </dt>
 768 <dd>
 769 <p>
 770         A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
 771         to specify a URL to <em>git fetch</em>, <em>git pull</em> and <em>git push</em>.
 772         A file can be stored as <tt>branches/&lt;name&gt;</tt> and then
 773         <em>name</em> can be given to these commands in place of
 774         <em>repository</em> argument.  See the REMOTES section in
 775         <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a> for details.  This mechanism is legacy
 776         and not likely to be found in modern repositories.
 777 </p>
 778 </dd>
 779 <dt class="hdlist1">
 780 hooks
 781 </dt>
 782 <dd>
 783 <p>
 784         Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
 785         commands.  A handful of sample hooks are installed when
 786         <em>git init</em> is run, but all of them are disabled by
 787         default.  To enable, the <tt>.sample</tt> suffix has to be
 788         removed from the filename by renaming.
 789         Read <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a> for more details about
 790         each hook.
 791 </p>
 792 </dd>
 793 <dt class="hdlist1">
 794 index
 795 </dt>
 796 <dd>
 797 <p>
 798         The current index file for the repository.  It is
 799         usually not found in a bare repository.
 800 </p>
 801 </dd>
 802 <dt class="hdlist1">
 803 info
 804 </dt>
 805 <dd>
 806 <p>
 807         Additional information about the repository is recorded
 808         in this directory.
 809 </p>
 810 </dd>
 811 <dt class="hdlist1">
 812 info/refs
 813 </dt>
 814 <dd>
 815 <p>
 816         This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are
 817         available in this repository.  If the repository is
 818         published for dumb transports, this file should be
 819         regenerated by <em>git update-server-info</em> every time a tag
 820         or branch is created or modified.  This is normally done
 821         from the <tt>hooks/update</tt> hook, which is run by the
 822         <em>git-receive-pack</em> command when you <em>git push</em> into the
 823         repository.
 824 </p>
 825 </dd>
 826 <dt class="hdlist1">
 827 info/grafts
 828 </dt>
 829 <dd>
 830 <p>
 831         This file records fake commit ancestry information, to
 832         pretend the set of parents a commit has is different
 833         from how the commit was actually created.  One record
 834         per line describes a commit and its fake parents by
 835         listing their 40-byte hexadecimal object names separated
 836         by a space and terminated by a newline.
 837 </p>
 838 </dd>
 839 <dt class="hdlist1">
 840 info/exclude
 841 </dt>
 842 <dd>
 843 <p>
 844         This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
 845         exclude pattern list. <tt>.gitignore</tt> is the per-directory
 846         ignore file.  <em>git status</em>, <em>git add</em>, <em>git rm</em> and
 847         <em>git clean</em> look at it but the core git commands do not look
 848         at it.  See also: <a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a>.
 849 </p>
 850 </dd>
 851 <dt class="hdlist1">
 852 remotes
 853 </dt>
 854 <dd>
 855 <p>
 856         Stores shorthands for URL and default refnames for use
 857         when interacting with remote repositories via <em>git fetch</em>,
 858         <em>git pull</em> and <em>git push</em> commands.  See the REMOTES section
 859         in <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a> for details.  This mechanism is legacy
 860         and not likely to be found in modern repositories.
 861 </p>
 862 </dd>
 863 <dt class="hdlist1">
 864 logs
 865 </dt>
 866 <dd>
 867 <p>
 868         Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
 869         directory.  See <a href="git-update-ref.html">git-update-ref(1)</a>
 870         for more information.
 871 </p>
 872 </dd>
 873 <dt class="hdlist1">
 874 logs/refs/heads/<tt>name</tt>
 875 </dt>
 876 <dd>
 877 <p>
 878         Records all changes made to the branch tip named <tt>name</tt>.
 879 </p>
 880 </dd>
 881 <dt class="hdlist1">
 882 logs/refs/tags/<tt>name</tt>
 883 </dt>
 884 <dd>
 885 <p>
 886         Records all changes made to the tag named <tt>name</tt>.
 887 </p>
 888 </dd>
 889 <dt class="hdlist1">
 890 shallow
 891 </dt>
 892 <dd>
 893 <p>
 894         This is similar to <tt>info/grafts</tt> but is internally used
 895         and maintained by shallow clone mechanism.  See <tt>--depth</tt>
 896         option to <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a> and <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a>.
 897 </p>
 898 </dd>
 899 </dl></div>
 900 </div>
 901 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
 902 <div class="sectionbody">
 903 <div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>,
 904 <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a>,
 905 <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a>,
 906 <a href="git-pack-refs.html">git-pack-refs(1)</a>,
 907 <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>,
 908 <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>,
 909 <a href="gitglossary.html">gitglossary(7)</a>,
 910 <a href="user-manual.html">The Git User&#8217;s Manual</a></p></div>
 911 </div>
 912 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 913 <div class="sectionbody">
 914 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite.</p></div>
 915 </div>
 916 </div>
 917 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 918 <div id="footer">
 919 <div id="footer-text">
 920 Last updated 2011-09-21 23:01:14 PDT
 921 </div>
 922 </div>
 923 </body>
 924 </html>