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 571 <div id="header">
 572 <h1>
 573 git-http-backend(1) Manual Page
 574 </h1>
 575 <h2>NAME</h2>
 576 <div class="sectionbody">
 577 <p>git-http-backend -
 578    Server side implementation of Git over HTTP
 579 </p>
 580 </div>
 581 </div>
 582 <div id="content">
 583 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 584 <div class="sectionbody">
 585 <div class="verseblock">
 586 <div class="verseblock-content"><em>git http-backend</em></div>
 587 <div class="verseblock-attribution">
 588 </div></div>
 589 </div>
 590 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 591 <div class="sectionbody">
 592 <div class="paragraph"><p>A simple CGI program to serve the contents of a Git repository to Git
 593 clients accessing the repository over http:// and https:// protocols.
 594 The program supports clients fetching using both the smart HTTP protocol
 595 and the backwards-compatible dumb HTTP protocol, as well as clients
 596 pushing using the smart HTTP protocol.</p></div>
 597 <div class="paragraph"><p>It verifies that the directory has the magic file
 598 "git-daemon-export-ok", and it will refuse to export any git directory
 599 that hasn&#8217;t explicitly been marked for export this way (unless the
 600 GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable is set).</p></div>
 601 <div class="paragraph"><p>By default, only the <tt>upload-pack</tt> service is enabled, which serves
 602 <em>git fetch-pack</em> and <em>git ls-remote</em> clients, which are invoked from
 603 <em>git fetch</em>, <em>git pull</em>, and <em>git clone</em>.  If the client is authenticated,
 604 the <tt>receive-pack</tt> service is enabled, which serves <em>git send-pack</em>
 605 clients, which is invoked from <em>git push</em>.</p></div>
 606 </div>
 607 <h2 id="_services">SERVICES</h2>
 608 <div class="sectionbody">
 609 <div class="paragraph"><p>These services can be enabled/disabled using the per-repository
 610 configuration file:</p></div>
 611 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 612 <dt class="hdlist1">
 613 http.getanyfile
 614 </dt>
 615 <dd>
 616 <p>
 617         This serves Git clients older than version 1.6.6 that are unable to use the
 618         upload pack service.  When enabled, clients are able to read
 619         any file within the repository, including objects that are
 620         no longer reachable from a branch but are still present.
 621         It is enabled by default, but a repository can disable it
 622         by setting this configuration item to <tt>false</tt>.
 623 </p>
 624 </dd>
 625 <dt class="hdlist1">
 626 http.uploadpack
 627 </dt>
 628 <dd>
 629 <p>
 630         This serves <em>git fetch-pack</em> and <em>git ls-remote</em> clients.
 631         It is enabled by default, but a repository can disable it
 632         by setting this configuration item to <tt>false</tt>.
 633 </p>
 634 </dd>
 635 <dt class="hdlist1">
 636 http.receivepack
 637 </dt>
 638 <dd>
 639 <p>
 640         This serves <em>git send-pack</em> clients, allowing push.  It is
 641         disabled by default for anonymous users, and enabled by
 642         default for users authenticated by the web server.  It can be
 643         disabled by setting this item to <tt>false</tt>, or enabled for all
 644         users, including anonymous users, by setting it to <tt>true</tt>.
 645 </p>
 646 </dd>
 647 </dl></div>
 648 </div>
 649 <h2 id="_url_translation">URL TRANSLATION</h2>
 650 <div class="sectionbody">
 651 <div class="paragraph"><p>To determine the location of the repository on disk, <em>git http-backend</em>
 652 concatenates the environment variables PATH_INFO, which is set
 653 automatically by the web server, and GIT_PROJECT_ROOT, which must be set
 654 manually in the web server configuration.  If GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is not
 655 set, <em>git http-backend</em> reads PATH_TRANSLATED, which is also set
 656 automatically by the web server.</p></div>
 657 </div>
 658 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 659 <div class="sectionbody">
 660 <div class="paragraph"><p>All of the following examples map <em>http://$hostname/git/foo/bar.git</em>
 661 to <em>/var/www/git/foo/bar.git</em>.</p></div>
 662 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 663 <dt class="hdlist1">
 664 Apache 2.x
 665 </dt>
 666 <dd>
 667 <p>
 668         Ensure mod_cgi, mod_alias, and mod_env are enabled, set
 669         GIT_PROJECT_ROOT (or DocumentRoot) appropriately, and
 670         create a ScriptAlias to the CGI:
 671 </p>
 672 <div class="listingblock">
 673 <div class="content">
 674 <pre><tt>SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
 675 SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
 676 ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/</tt></pre>
 677 </div></div>
 678 <div class="paragraph"><p>To enable anonymous read access but authenticated write access,
 679 require authorization with a LocationMatch directive:</p></div>
 680 <div class="listingblock">
 681 <div class="content">
 682 <pre><tt>&lt;LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$"&gt;
 683         AuthType Basic
 684         AuthName "Git Access"
 685         Require group committers
 686         ...
 687 &lt;/LocationMatch&gt;</tt></pre>
 688 </div></div>
 689 <div class="paragraph"><p>To require authentication for both reads and writes, use a Location
 690 directive around the repository, or one of its parent directories:</p></div>
 691 <div class="listingblock">
 692 <div class="content">
 693 <pre><tt>&lt;Location /git/private&gt;
 694         AuthType Basic
 695         AuthName "Private Git Access"
 696         Require group committers
 697         ...
 698 &lt;/Location&gt;</tt></pre>
 699 </div></div>
 700 <div class="paragraph"><p>To serve gitweb at the same url, use a ScriptAliasMatch to only
 701 those URLs that <em>git http-backend</em> can handle, and forward the
 702 rest to gitweb:</p></div>
 703 <div class="listingblock">
 704 <div class="content">
 705 <pre><tt>ScriptAliasMatch \
 706         "(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
 707                         info/refs | \
 708                         objects/(info/[^/]+ | \
 709                                  [0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38} | \
 710                                  pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\.(pack|idx)) | \
 711                         git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
 712         /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/$1
 713
 714 ScriptAlias /git/ /var/www/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/</tt></pre>
 715 </div></div>
 716 <div class="paragraph"><p>To serve multiple repositories from different <a href="gitnamespaces.html">gitnamespaces(7)</a> in a
 717 single repository:</p></div>
 718 <div class="listingblock">
 719 <div class="content">
 720 <pre><tt>SetEnvIf Request_URI "^/git/([^/]*)" GIT_NAMESPACE=$1
 721 ScriptAliasMatch ^/git/[^/]*(.*) /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/storage.git$1</tt></pre>
 722 </div></div>
 723 </dd>
 724 <dt class="hdlist1">
 725 Accelerated static Apache 2.x
 726 </dt>
 727 <dd>
 728 <p>
 729         Similar to the above, but Apache can be used to return static
 730         files that are stored on disk.  On many systems this may
 731         be more efficient as Apache can ask the kernel to copy the
 732         file contents from the file system directly to the network:
 733 </p>
 734 <div class="listingblock">
 735 <div class="content">
 736 <pre><tt>SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
 737
 738 AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38})$          /var/www/git/$1
 739 AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}.(pack|idx))$ /var/www/git/$1
 740 ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/</tt></pre>
 741 </div></div>
 742 <div class="paragraph"><p>This can be combined with the gitweb configuration:</p></div>
 743 <div class="listingblock">
 744 <div class="content">
 745 <pre><tt>SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
 746
 747 AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/[0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38})$          /var/www/git/$1
 748 AliasMatch ^/git/(.*/objects/pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}.(pack|idx))$ /var/www/git/$1
 749 ScriptAliasMatch \
 750         "(?x)^/git/(.*/(HEAD | \
 751                         info/refs | \
 752                         objects/info/[^/]+ | \
 753                         git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \
 754         /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/$1
 755 ScriptAlias /git/ /var/www/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi/</tt></pre>
 756 </div></div>
 757 </dd>
 758 </dl></div>
 759 </div>
 760 <h2 id="_environment">ENVIRONMENT</h2>
 761 <div class="sectionbody">
 762 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git http-backend</em> relies upon the CGI environment variables set
 763 by the invoking web server, including:</p></div>
 764 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 765 <li>
 766 <p>
 767 PATH_INFO (if GIT_PROJECT_ROOT is set, otherwise PATH_TRANSLATED)
 768 </p>
 769 </li>
 770 <li>
 771 <p>
 772 REMOTE_USER
 773 </p>
 774 </li>
 775 <li>
 776 <p>
 777 REMOTE_ADDR
 778 </p>
 779 </li>
 780 <li>
 781 <p>
 782 CONTENT_TYPE
 783 </p>
 784 </li>
 785 <li>
 786 <p>
 787 QUERY_STRING
 788 </p>
 789 </li>
 790 <li>
 791 <p>
 792 REQUEST_METHOD
 793 </p>
 794 </li>
 795 </ul></div>
 796 <div class="paragraph"><p>The GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environmental variable may be passed to
 797 <em>git-http-backend</em> to bypass the check for the "git-daemon-export-ok"
 798 file in each repository before allowing export of that repository.</p></div>
 799 <div class="paragraph"><p>The backend process sets GIT_COMMITTER_NAME to <em>$REMOTE_USER</em> and
 800 GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL to <em>${REMOTE_USER}@http.${REMOTE_ADDR}</em>,
 801 ensuring that any reflogs created by <em>git-receive-pack</em> contain some
 802 identifying information of the remote user who performed the push.</p></div>
 803 <div class="paragraph"><p>All CGI environment variables are available to each of the hooks
 804 invoked by the <em>git-receive-pack</em>.</p></div>
 805 </div>
 806 <h2 id="_author">Author</h2>
 807 <div class="sectionbody">
 808 <div class="paragraph"><p>Written by Shawn O. Pearce &lt;<a href="mailto:spearce@spearce.org">spearce@spearce.org</a>&gt;.</p></div>
 809 </div>
 810 <h2 id="_documentation">Documentation</h2>
 811 <div class="sectionbody">
 812 <div class="paragraph"><p>Documentation by Shawn O. Pearce &lt;<a href="mailto:spearce@spearce.org">spearce@spearce.org</a>&gt;.</p></div>
 813 </div>
 814 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 815 <div class="sectionbody">
 816 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
 817 </div>
 818 </div>
 819 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 820 <div id="footer">
 821 <div id="footer-text">
 822 Last updated 2011-09-21 23:01:14 PDT
 823 </div>
 824 </div>
 825 </body>
 826 </html>