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573 git-pack-objects(
1) Manual Page
576 <div class=
"sectionbody">
577 <p>git-pack-objects -
578 Create a packed archive of objects
583 <h2 id=
"_synopsis">SYNOPSIS
</h2>
584 <div class=
"sectionbody">
585 <div class=
"verseblock">
586 <div class=
"verseblock-content"><em>git pack-objects
</em> [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
587 [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
588 [--local] [--incremental] [--window=
<n
>] [--depth=
<n
>]
589 [--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--stdout | base-name]
590 [--keep-true-parents]
< object-list
</div>
591 <div class=
"verseblock-attribution">
594 <h2 id=
"_description">DESCRIPTION
</h2>
595 <div class=
"sectionbody">
596 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes a packed
597 archive with specified base-name, or to the standard output.
</p></div>
598 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects
599 between two repositories as well as an access efficient archival
600 format. In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a
601 compressed whole or as a difference from some other object.
602 The latter is often called a delta.
</p></div>
603 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>The packed archive format (.pack) is designed to be self-contained
604 so that it can be unpacked without any further information. Therefore,
605 each object that a delta depends upon must be present within the pack.
</p></div>
606 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the
607 objects in the pack. Placing both the index file (.idx) and the packed
608 archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
609 any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
610 enables git to read from the pack archive.
</p></div>
611 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>The
<em>git unpack-objects
</em> command can read the packed archive and
612 expand the objects contained in the pack into
"one-file
613 one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull
614 commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient network
615 transport by their peers.
</p></div>
617 <h2 id=
"_options">OPTIONS
</h2>
618 <div class=
"sectionbody">
619 <div class=
"dlist"><dl>
625 Write into a pair of files (.pack and .idx), using
626 <base-name
> to determine the name of the created file.
627 When this option is used, the two files are written in
628 <base-name
>-
<SHA1
>.{pack,idx} files.
<SHA1
> is a hash
629 of the sorted object names to make the resulting filename
630 based on the pack content, and written to the standard
631 output of the command.
639 Write the pack contents (what would have been written to
640 .pack file) out to the standard output.
648 Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of
649 individual object names. The revision arguments are processed
650 the same way as
<em>git rev-list
</em> with the
<tt>--objects
</tt> flag
651 uses its
<tt>commit
</tt> arguments to build the list of objects it
652 outputs. The objects on the resulting list are packed.
660 This implies
<tt>--revs
</tt>. When processing the list of
661 revision arguments read from the standard input, limit
662 the objects packed to those that are not already packed.
670 This implies
<tt>--revs
</tt>. In addition to the list of
671 revision arguments read from the standard input, pretend
672 as if all refs under
<tt>refs/
</tt> are specified to be
681 Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they
682 reference was included in the resulting packfile. This
683 can be useful to send new tags to native git clients.
694 These two options affect how the objects contained in
695 the pack are stored using delta compression. The
696 objects are first internally sorted by type, size and
697 optionally names and compared against the other objects
698 within --window to see if using delta compression saves
699 space. --depth limits the maximum delta depth; making
700 it too deep affects the performance on the unpacker
701 side, because delta data needs to be applied that many
702 times to get to the necessary object.
703 The default value for --window is
10 and --depth is
50.
707 --window-memory=
<n
>
711 This option provides an additional limit on top of
<tt>--window
</tt>;
712 the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
713 up more than
<em><n
></em> bytes in memory. This is useful in
714 repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
715 out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
716 advantage of the large window for the smaller objects. The
717 size can be suffixed with
"k",
"m", or
"g".
718 <tt>--window-memory=
0</tt> makes memory usage unlimited, which is the
723 --max-pack-size=
<n
>
727 Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
728 "k",
"m", or
"g". The minimum size allowed is limited to
1 MiB.
729 If specified, multiple packfiles may be created.
730 The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
731 <tt>pack.packSizeLimit
</tt> is set.
739 This flag causes an object already in a local pack that
740 has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have
741 otherwise been packed.
749 This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored
750 even if it would have otherwise been packed.
758 This flag causes an object that is borrowed from an alternate
759 object store to be ignored even if it would have otherwise been
768 Only create a packed archive if it would contain at
777 Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
778 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
779 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if
780 the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
788 When --stdout is specified then progress report is
789 displayed during the object count and compression phases
790 but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
791 that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
792 to another command which may wish to display progress
793 status of its own as it processes incoming pack data.
794 This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress
795 report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
800 --all-progress-implied
804 This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
805 is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn
’t actually
806 force any progress display by itself.
814 This flag makes the command not to report its progress
815 on the standard error stream.
823 When creating a packed archive in a repository that
824 has existing packs, the command reuses existing deltas.
825 This sometimes results in a slightly suboptimal pack.
826 This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas
827 but compute them from scratch.
835 This flag tells the command not to reuse existing object data at all,
836 including non deltified object, forcing recompression of everything.
837 This implies --no-reuse-delta. Useful only in the obscure case where
838 wholesale enforcement of a different compression level on the
839 packed data is desired.
843 --compression=
<n
>
847 Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the
848 generated pack. If not specified, pack compression level is
849 determined first by pack.compression, then by core.compression,
850 and defaults to -
1, the zlib default, if neither is set.
851 Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression
852 level on all data no matter the source.
860 Create a
"thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a
861 sender and a receiver in order to reduce network transfer. This
862 option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.
864 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting
865 required objects and is thus unusable by git without making it
866 self-contained. Use
<tt>git index-pack --fix-thin
</tt>
867 (see
<a href=
"git-index-pack.html">git-index-pack(
1)
</a>) to restore the self-contained property.
</p></div>
874 A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as
875 either a
20-byte object name or as an offset in the
876 stream, but ancient versions of git don
’t understand the
877 latter. By default,
<em>git pack-objects
</em> only uses the
878 former format for better compatibility. This option
879 allows the command to use the latter format for
880 compactness. Depending on the average delta chain
881 length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
882 packfile by
3-
5 per-cent.
884 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>Note: Porcelain commands such as
<tt>git gc
</tt> (see
<a href=
"git-gc.html">git-gc(
1)
</a>),
885 <tt>git repack
</tt> (see
<a href=
"git-repack.html">git-repack(
1)
</a>) pass this option by default
886 in modern git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
887 So does
<tt>git bundle
</tt> (see
<a href=
"git-bundle.html">git-bundle(
1)
</a>) when it creates a bundle.
</p></div>
894 Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
895 delta matches. This requires that pack-objects be compiled with
896 pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning.
897 This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines.
898 The required amount of memory for the delta search window is
899 however multiplied by the number of threads.
900 Specifying
0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU
’s
901 and set the number of threads accordingly.
905 --index-version=
<version
>[,
<offset
>]
909 This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows
910 to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
911 64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.
919 With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
925 <h2 id=
"_see_also">SEE ALSO
</h2>
926 <div class=
"sectionbody">
927 <div class=
"paragraph"><p><a href=
"git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(
1)
</a>
928 <a href=
"git-repack.html">git-repack(
1)
</a>
929 <a href=
"git-prune-packed.html">git-prune-packed(
1)
</a></p></div>
931 <h2 id=
"_git">GIT
</h2>
932 <div class=
"sectionbody">
933 <div class=
"paragraph"><p>Part of the
<a href=
"git.html">git(
1)
</a> suite
</p></div>
936 <div id=
"footnotes"><hr /></div>
938 <div id=
"footer-text">
939 Last updated
2011-
09-
21 23:
01:
14 PDT