1 From: Rutger Nijlunsing <rutger@nospam.com>
2 Subject: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP.
3 Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2006 22:00:26 +0200
5 Since Apache is one of those packages people like to compile
6 themselves while others prefer the bureaucrat's dream Debian, it is
7 impossible to give guidelines which will work for everyone. Just send
8 some feedback to the mailing list at git@vger.kernel.org to get this
9 document tailored to your favorite distro.
14 - Have an Apache web-server
17 $ apt-get install apache2
18 To get apache2 by default started,
19 edit /etc/default/apache2 and set NO_START=0
21 - can edit the configuration of it.
23 This could be found under /etc/httpd, or refer to your Apache documentation.
25 On Debian: this means being able to edit files under /etc/apache2
29 'apachectl --graceful' might do. If it doesn't, just stop and
30 restart apache. Be warning that active connections to your server
31 might be aborted by this.
34 $ /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
36 $ /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload
37 (which seems to do the same)
38 This adds symlinks from the /etc/apache2/mods-enabled to
39 /etc/apache2/mods-available.
41 - have permissions to chown a directory
43 - have git installed at the server _and_ client
45 In effect, this probably means you're going to be root.
48 Step 1: setup a bare GIT repository
49 -----------------------------------
51 At the time of writing, git-http-push cannot remotely create a GIT
52 repository. So we have to do that at the server side with git. Another
53 option would be to generate an empty repository at the client and copy
54 it to the server with WebDAV. But then you're probably the first to
57 Create the directory under the DocumentRoot of the directories served
58 by Apache. As an example we take /usr/local/apache2, but try "grep
59 DocumentRoot /where/ever/httpd.conf" to find your root:
61 $ cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs
62 $ mkdir my-new-repo.git
67 $ mkdir my-new-repo.git
70 Initialize a bare repository
76 Change the ownership to your web-server's credentials. Use "grep ^User
77 httpd.conf" and "grep ^Group httpd.conf" to find out:
83 $ chown -R www-data.www-data .
86 If you do not know which user Apache runs as, you can alternatively do
87 a "chmod -R a+w .", inspect the files which are created later on, and
88 set the permissions appropriately.
90 Restart apache2, and check whether http://server/my-new-repo.git gives
91 a directory listing. If not, check whether apache started up
95 Step 2: enable DAV on this repository
96 -------------------------------------
98 First make sure the dav_module is loaded. For this, insert in httpd.conf:
100 LoadModule dav_module libexec/httpd/libdav.so
103 Also make sure that this line exists which is the file used for
104 locking DAV operations:
106 DAVLockDB "/usr/local/apache2/temp/DAV.lock"
108 On Debian these steps can be performed with:
110 Enable the dav and dav_fs modules of apache:
112 (just to be sure. dav_fs might be unneeded, I don't know)
114 The DAV lock is located in /etc/apache2/mods-available/dav_fs.conf:
115 DAVLockDB /var/lock/apache2/DAVLock
117 Of course, it can point somewhere else, but the string is actually just a
118 prefix in some Apache configurations, and therefore the _directory_ has to
119 be writable by the user Apache runs as.
121 Then, add something like this to your httpd.conf
123 <Location /my-new-repo.git>
127 AuthUserFile /usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.git
132 Create (or add to) /etc/apache2/conf.d/git.conf :
134 <Location /my-new-repo.git>
138 AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/passwd.git
142 Debian automatically reads all files under /etc/apach2/conf.d.
144 The password file can be somewhere else, but it has to be readable by
145 Apache and preferably not readable by the world.
148 $ htpasswd -c /usr/local/apache2/conf/passwd.git <user>
151 $ htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/passwd.git <user>
153 You will be asked a password, and the file is created. Subsequent calls
154 to htpasswd should omit the '-c' option, since you want to append to the
157 You need to restart Apache.
159 Now go to http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git in your
160 browser to check whether it asks for a password and accepts the right
165 To test the WebDAV part, do:
167 $ apt-get install litmus
168 $ litmus http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git <username> <password>
170 Most tests should pass.
172 A command line tool to test WebDAV is cadaver.
174 If you're into Windows, from XP onwards Internet Explorer supports
175 WebDAV. For this, do Internet Explorer -> Open Location ->
176 http://<servername>/my-new-repo.git [x] Open as webfolder -> login .
179 Step 3: setup the client
180 ------------------------
182 Make sure that you have HTTP support, i.e. your git was built with curl.
183 The easiest way to check is to look for the executable 'git-http-push'.
185 Then, add the following to your $HOME/.netrc (you can do without, but will be
186 asked to input your password a _lot_ of times):
192 ...and set permissions:
195 If you want to access the web-server by its IP, you have to type that in,
196 instead of the server name.
198 To check whether all is OK, do:
200 curl --netrc --location -v http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/
202 ...this should give a directory listing in HTML of /var/www/my-new-repo.git .
205 Now, add the remote in your existing repository which contains the project
208 $ git-repo-config remote.upload.url \
209 http://<username>@<servername>/my-new-repo.git/
211 It is important to put the last '/'; Without it, the server will send
212 a redirect which git-http-push does not (yet) understand, and git-http-push
213 will repeat the request infinitely.
216 Step 4: make the initial push
217 -----------------------------
219 From your client repository, do
221 $ git push upload master
223 This pushes branch 'master' (which is assumed to be the branch you
224 want to export) to repository called 'upload', which we previously
225 defined with git-repo-config.
231 If git-http-push says
233 Error: no DAV locking support on remote repo http://...
235 then it means the web-server did not accept your authentication. Make sure
236 that the user name and password matches in httpd.conf, .netrc and the URL
237 you are uploading to.
239 If git-http-push shows you an error (22/502) when trying to MOVE a blob,
240 it means that your web-server somehow does not recognize its name in the
241 request; This can happen when you start Apache, but then disable the
242 network interface. A simple restart of Apache helps.
244 Errors like (22/502) are of format (curl error code/http error
245 code). So (22/404) means something like 'not found' at the server.
247 Reading /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log is often helpful.
249 On Debian: Read /var/log/apache2/error.log instead.
252 Debian References: http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/285
255 Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
256 Rutger Nijlunsing <git@wingding.demon.nl>