builtin/for-each-ref.c

   1 #include "builtin.h"
   2 #include "cache.h"
   3 #include "refs.h"
   4 #include "object.h"
   5 #include "tag.h"
   6 #include "commit.h"
   7 #include "tree.h"
   8 #include "blob.h"
   9 #include "quote.h"
  10 #include "parse-options.h"
  11 #include "remote.h"
  12 #include "color.h"
  13
  14 /* Quoting styles */
  15 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
  16 #define QUOTE_SHELL 1
  17 #define QUOTE_PERL 2
  18 #define QUOTE_PYTHON 4
  19 #define QUOTE_TCL 8
  20
  21 typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
  22
  23 struct atom_value {
  24         const char *s;
  25         unsigned long ul; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
  26 };
  27
  28 struct ref_sort {
  29         struct ref_sort *next;
  30         int atom; /* index into used_atom array */
  31         unsigned reverse : 1;
  32 };
  33
  34 struct refinfo {
  35         char *refname;
  36         unsigned char objectname[20];
  37         int flag;
  38         const char *symref;
  39         struct atom_value *value;
  40 };
  41
  42 static struct {
  43         const char *name;
  44         cmp_type cmp_type;
  45 } valid_atom[] = {
  46         { "refname" },
  47         { "objecttype" },
  48         { "objectsize", FIELD_ULONG },
  49         { "objectname" },
  50         { "tree" },
  51         { "parent" },
  52         { "numparent", FIELD_ULONG },
  53         { "object" },
  54         { "type" },
  55         { "tag" },
  56         { "author" },
  57         { "authorname" },
  58         { "authoremail" },
  59         { "authordate", FIELD_TIME },
  60         { "committer" },
  61         { "committername" },
  62         { "committeremail" },
  63         { "committerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  64         { "tagger" },
  65         { "taggername" },
  66         { "taggeremail" },
  67         { "taggerdate", FIELD_TIME },
  68         { "creator" },
  69         { "creatordate", FIELD_TIME },
  70         { "subject" },
  71         { "body" },
  72         { "contents" },
  73         { "contents:subject" },
  74         { "contents:body" },
  75         { "contents:signature" },
  76         { "upstream" },
  77         { "symref" },
  78         { "flag" },
  79         { "HEAD" },
  80         { "color" },
  81 };
  82
  83 /*
  84  * An atom is a valid field atom listed above, possibly prefixed with
  85  * a "*" to denote deref_tag().
  86  *
  87  * We parse given format string and sort specifiers, and make a list
  88  * of properties that we need to extract out of objects.  refinfo
  89  * structure will hold an array of values extracted that can be
  90  * indexed with the "atom number", which is an index into this
  91  * array.
  92  */
  93 static const char **used_atom;
  94 static cmp_type *used_atom_type;
  95 static int used_atom_cnt, need_tagged, need_symref;
  96 static int need_color_reset_at_eol;
  97
  98 /*
  99  * Used to parse format string and sort specifiers
 100  */
 101 static int parse_atom(const char *atom, const char *ep)
 102 {
 103         const char *sp;
 104         int i, at;
 105
 106         sp = atom;
 107         if (*sp == '*' && sp < ep)
 108                 sp++; /* deref */
 109         if (ep <= sp)
 110                 die("malformed field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
 111
 112         /* Do we have the atom already used elsewhere? */
 113         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 114                 int len = strlen(used_atom[i]);
 115                 if (len == ep - atom && !memcmp(used_atom[i], atom, len))
 116                         return i;
 117         }
 118
 119         /* Is the atom a valid one? */
 120         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom); i++) {
 121                 int len = strlen(valid_atom[i].name);
 122                 /*
 123                  * If the atom name has a colon, strip it and everything after
 124                  * it off - it specifies the format for this entry, and
 125                  * shouldn't be used for checking against the valid_atom
 126                  * table.
 127                  */
 128                 const char *formatp = strchr(sp, ':');
 129                 if (!formatp || ep < formatp)
 130                         formatp = ep;
 131                 if (len == formatp - sp && !memcmp(valid_atom[i].name, sp, len))
 132                         break;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (ARRAY_SIZE(valid_atom) <= i)
 136                 die("unknown field name: %.*s", (int)(ep-atom), atom);
 137
 138         /* Add it in, including the deref prefix */
 139         at = used_atom_cnt;
 140         used_atom_cnt++;
 141         REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom, used_atom_cnt);
 142         REALLOC_ARRAY(used_atom_type, used_atom_cnt);
 143         used_atom[at] = xmemdupz(atom, ep - atom);
 144         used_atom_type[at] = valid_atom[i].cmp_type;
 145         if (*atom == '*')
 146                 need_tagged = 1;
 147         if (!strcmp(used_atom[at], "symref"))
 148                 need_symref = 1;
 149         return at;
 150 }
 151
 152 /*
 153  * In a format string, find the next occurrence of %(atom).
 154  */
 155 static const char *find_next(const char *cp)
 156 {
 157         while (*cp) {
 158                 if (*cp == '%') {
 159                         /*
 160                          * %( is the start of an atom;
 161                          * %% is a quoted per-cent.
 162                          */
 163                         if (cp[1] == '(')
 164                                 return cp;
 165                         else if (cp[1] == '%')
 166                                 cp++; /* skip over two % */
 167                         /* otherwise this is a singleton, literal % */
 168                 }
 169                 cp++;
 170         }
 171         return NULL;
 172 }
 173
 174 /*
 175  * Make sure the format string is well formed, and parse out
 176  * the used atoms.
 177  */
 178 static int verify_format(const char *format)
 179 {
 180         const char *cp, *sp;
 181         static const char color_reset[] = "color:reset";
 182
 183         need_color_reset_at_eol = 0;
 184         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); ) {
 185                 const char *ep = strchr(sp, ')');
 186                 int at;
 187
 188                 if (!ep)
 189                         return error("malformed format string %s", sp);
 190                 /* sp points at "%(" and ep points at the closing ")" */
 191                 at = parse_atom(sp + 2, ep);
 192                 cp = ep + 1;
 193
 194                 if (starts_with(used_atom[at], "color:"))
 195                         need_color_reset_at_eol = !!strcmp(used_atom[at], color_reset);
 196         }
 197         return 0;
 198 }
 199
 200 /*
 201  * Given an object name, read the object data and size, and return a
 202  * "struct object".  If the object data we are returning is also borrowed
 203  * by the "struct object" representation, set *eaten as well---it is a
 204  * signal from parse_object_buffer to us not to free the buffer.
 205  */
 206 static void *get_obj(const unsigned char *sha1, struct object **obj, unsigned long *sz, int *eaten)
 207 {
 208         enum object_type type;
 209         void *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, sz);
 210
 211         if (buf)
 212                 *obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, *sz, buf, eaten);
 213         else
 214                 *obj = NULL;
 215         return buf;
 216 }
 217
 218 static int grab_objectname(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
 219                             struct atom_value *v)
 220 {
 221         if (!strcmp(name, "objectname")) {
 222                 char *s = xmalloc(41);
 223                 strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 224                 v->s = s;
 225                 return 1;
 226         }
 227         if (!strcmp(name, "objectname:short")) {
 228                 v->s = xstrdup(find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 229                 return 1;
 230         }
 231         return 0;
 232 }
 233
 234 /* See grab_values */
 235 static void grab_common_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 236 {
 237         int i;
 238
 239         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 240                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 241                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 242                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 243                         continue;
 244                 if (deref)
 245                         name++;
 246                 if (!strcmp(name, "objecttype"))
 247                         v->s = typename(obj->type);
 248                 else if (!strcmp(name, "objectsize")) {
 249                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 250                         sprintf(s, "%lu", sz);
 251                         v->ul = sz;
 252                         v->s = s;
 253                 }
 254                 else if (deref)
 255                         grab_objectname(name, obj->sha1, v);
 256         }
 257 }
 258
 259 /* See grab_values */
 260 static void grab_tag_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 261 {
 262         int i;
 263         struct tag *tag = (struct tag *) obj;
 264
 265         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 266                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 267                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 268                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 269                         continue;
 270                 if (deref)
 271                         name++;
 272                 if (!strcmp(name, "tag"))
 273                         v->s = tag->tag;
 274                 else if (!strcmp(name, "type") && tag->tagged)
 275                         v->s = typename(tag->tagged->type);
 276                 else if (!strcmp(name, "object") && tag->tagged) {
 277                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 278                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
 279                         v->s = s;
 280                 }
 281         }
 282 }
 283
 284 /* See grab_values */
 285 static void grab_commit_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 286 {
 287         int i;
 288         struct commit *commit = (struct commit *) obj;
 289
 290         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 291                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 292                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 293                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 294                         continue;
 295                 if (deref)
 296                         name++;
 297                 if (!strcmp(name, "tree")) {
 298                         char *s = xmalloc(41);
 299                         strcpy(s, sha1_to_hex(commit->tree->object.sha1));
 300                         v->s = s;
 301                 }
 302                 if (!strcmp(name, "numparent")) {
 303                         char *s = xmalloc(40);
 304                         v->ul = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 305                         sprintf(s, "%lu", v->ul);
 306                         v->s = s;
 307                 }
 308                 else if (!strcmp(name, "parent")) {
 309                         int num = commit_list_count(commit->parents);
 310                         int i;
 311                         struct commit_list *parents;
 312                         char *s = xmalloc(41 * num + 1);
 313                         v->s = s;
 314                         for (i = 0, parents = commit->parents;
 315                              parents;
 316                              parents = parents->next, i = i + 41) {
 317                                 struct commit *parent = parents->item;
 318                                 strcpy(s+i, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 319                                 if (parents->next)
 320                                         s[i+40] = ' ';
 321                         }
 322                         if (!i)
 323                                 *s = '\0';
 324                 }
 325         }
 326 }
 327
 328 static const char *find_wholine(const char *who, int wholen, const char *buf, unsigned long sz)
 329 {
 330         const char *eol;
 331         while (*buf) {
 332                 if (!strncmp(buf, who, wholen) &&
 333                     buf[wholen] == ' ')
 334                         return buf + wholen + 1;
 335                 eol = strchr(buf, '\n');
 336                 if (!eol)
 337                         return "";
 338                 eol++;
 339                 if (*eol == '\n')
 340                         return ""; /* end of header */
 341                 buf = eol;
 342         }
 343         return "";
 344 }
 345
 346 static const char *copy_line(const char *buf)
 347 {
 348         const char *eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 349         return xmemdupz(buf, eol - buf);
 350 }
 351
 352 static const char *copy_name(const char *buf)
 353 {
 354         const char *cp;
 355         for (cp = buf; *cp && *cp != '\n'; cp++) {
 356                 if (!strncmp(cp, " <", 2))
 357                         return xmemdupz(buf, cp - buf);
 358         }
 359         return "";
 360 }
 361
 362 static const char *copy_email(const char *buf)
 363 {
 364         const char *email = strchr(buf, '<');
 365         const char *eoemail;
 366         if (!email)
 367                 return "";
 368         eoemail = strchr(email, '>');
 369         if (!eoemail)
 370                 return "";
 371         return xmemdupz(email, eoemail + 1 - email);
 372 }
 373
 374 static char *copy_subject(const char *buf, unsigned long len)
 375 {
 376         char *r = xmemdupz(buf, len);
 377         int i;
 378
 379         for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
 380                 if (r[i] == '\n')
 381                         r[i] = ' ';
 382
 383         return r;
 384 }
 385
 386 static void grab_date(const char *buf, struct atom_value *v, const char *atomname)
 387 {
 388         const char *eoemail = strstr(buf, "> ");
 389         char *zone;
 390         unsigned long timestamp;
 391         long tz;
 392         enum date_mode date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
 393         const char *formatp;
 394
 395         /*
 396          * We got here because atomname ends in "date" or "date<something>";
 397          * it's not possible that <something> is not ":<format>" because
 398          * parse_atom() wouldn't have allowed it, so we can assume that no
 399          * ":" means no format is specified, and use the default.
 400          */
 401         formatp = strchr(atomname, ':');
 402         if (formatp != NULL) {
 403                 formatp++;
 404                 date_mode = parse_date_format(formatp);
 405         }
 406
 407         if (!eoemail)
 408                 goto bad;
 409         timestamp = strtoul(eoemail + 2, &zone, 10);
 410         if (timestamp == ULONG_MAX)
 411                 goto bad;
 412         tz = strtol(zone, NULL, 10);
 413         if ((tz == LONG_MIN || tz == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 414                 goto bad;
 415         v->s = xstrdup(show_date(timestamp, tz, date_mode));
 416         v->ul = timestamp;
 417         return;
 418  bad:
 419         v->s = "";
 420         v->ul = 0;
 421 }
 422
 423 /* See grab_values */
 424 static void grab_person(const char *who, struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 425 {
 426         int i;
 427         int wholen = strlen(who);
 428         const char *wholine = NULL;
 429
 430         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 431                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 432                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 433                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 434                         continue;
 435                 if (deref)
 436                         name++;
 437                 if (strncmp(who, name, wholen))
 438                         continue;
 439                 if (name[wholen] != 0 &&
 440                     strcmp(name + wholen, "name") &&
 441                     strcmp(name + wholen, "email") &&
 442                     !starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
 443                         continue;
 444                 if (!wholine)
 445                         wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 446                 if (!wholine)
 447                         return; /* no point looking for it */
 448                 if (name[wholen] == 0)
 449                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 450                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "name"))
 451                         v->s = copy_name(wholine);
 452                 else if (!strcmp(name + wholen, "email"))
 453                         v->s = copy_email(wholine);
 454                 else if (starts_with(name + wholen, "date"))
 455                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 456         }
 457
 458         /*
 459          * For a tag or a commit object, if "creator" or "creatordate" is
 460          * requested, do something special.
 461          */
 462         if (strcmp(who, "tagger") && strcmp(who, "committer"))
 463                 return; /* "author" for commit object is not wanted */
 464         if (!wholine)
 465                 wholine = find_wholine(who, wholen, buf, sz);
 466         if (!wholine)
 467                 return;
 468         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 469                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 470                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 471                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 472                         continue;
 473                 if (deref)
 474                         name++;
 475
 476                 if (starts_with(name, "creatordate"))
 477                         grab_date(wholine, v, name);
 478                 else if (!strcmp(name, "creator"))
 479                         v->s = copy_line(wholine);
 480         }
 481 }
 482
 483 static void find_subpos(const char *buf, unsigned long sz,
 484                         const char **sub, unsigned long *sublen,
 485                         const char **body, unsigned long *bodylen,
 486                         unsigned long *nonsiglen,
 487                         const char **sig, unsigned long *siglen)
 488 {
 489         const char *eol;
 490         /* skip past header until we hit empty line */
 491         while (*buf && *buf != '\n') {
 492                 eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 493                 if (*eol)
 494                         eol++;
 495                 buf = eol;
 496         }
 497         /* skip any empty lines */
 498         while (*buf == '\n')
 499                 buf++;
 500
 501         /* parse signature first; we might not even have a subject line */
 502         *sig = buf + parse_signature(buf, strlen(buf));
 503         *siglen = strlen(*sig);
 504
 505         /* subject is first non-empty line */
 506         *sub = buf;
 507         /* subject goes to first empty line */
 508         while (buf < *sig && *buf && *buf != '\n') {
 509                 eol = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
 510                 if (*eol)
 511                         eol++;
 512                 buf = eol;
 513         }
 514         *sublen = buf - *sub;
 515         /* drop trailing newline, if present */
 516         if (*sublen && (*sub)[*sublen - 1] == '\n')
 517                 *sublen -= 1;
 518
 519         /* skip any empty lines */
 520         while (*buf == '\n')
 521                 buf++;
 522         *body = buf;
 523         *bodylen = strlen(buf);
 524         *nonsiglen = *sig - buf;
 525 }
 526
 527 /* See grab_values */
 528 static void grab_sub_body_contents(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 529 {
 530         int i;
 531         const char *subpos = NULL, *bodypos = NULL, *sigpos = NULL;
 532         unsigned long sublen = 0, bodylen = 0, nonsiglen = 0, siglen = 0;
 533
 534         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 535                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 536                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 537                 if (!!deref != (*name == '*'))
 538                         continue;
 539                 if (deref)
 540                         name++;
 541                 if (strcmp(name, "subject") &&
 542                     strcmp(name, "body") &&
 543                     strcmp(name, "contents") &&
 544                     strcmp(name, "contents:subject") &&
 545                     strcmp(name, "contents:body") &&
 546                     strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
 547                         continue;
 548                 if (!subpos)
 549                         find_subpos(buf, sz,
 550                                     &subpos, &sublen,
 551                                     &bodypos, &bodylen, &nonsiglen,
 552                                     &sigpos, &siglen);
 553
 554                 if (!strcmp(name, "subject"))
 555                         v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
 556                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:subject"))
 557                         v->s = copy_subject(subpos, sublen);
 558                 else if (!strcmp(name, "body"))
 559                         v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, bodylen);
 560                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:body"))
 561                         v->s = xmemdupz(bodypos, nonsiglen);
 562                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents:signature"))
 563                         v->s = xmemdupz(sigpos, siglen);
 564                 else if (!strcmp(name, "contents"))
 565                         v->s = xstrdup(subpos);
 566         }
 567 }
 568
 569 /*
 570  * We want to have empty print-string for field requests
 571  * that do not apply (e.g. "authordate" for a tag object)
 572  */
 573 static void fill_missing_values(struct atom_value *val)
 574 {
 575         int i;
 576         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 577                 struct atom_value *v = &val[i];
 578                 if (v->s == NULL)
 579                         v->s = "";
 580         }
 581 }
 582
 583 /*
 584  * val is a list of atom_value to hold returned values.  Extract
 585  * the values for atoms in used_atom array out of (obj, buf, sz).
 586  * when deref is false, (obj, buf, sz) is the object that is
 587  * pointed at by the ref itself; otherwise it is the object the
 588  * ref (which is a tag) refers to.
 589  */
 590 static void grab_values(struct atom_value *val, int deref, struct object *obj, void *buf, unsigned long sz)
 591 {
 592         grab_common_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 593         switch (obj->type) {
 594         case OBJ_TAG:
 595                 grab_tag_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 596                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 597                 grab_person("tagger", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 598                 break;
 599         case OBJ_COMMIT:
 600                 grab_commit_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 601                 grab_sub_body_contents(val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 602                 grab_person("author", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 603                 grab_person("committer", val, deref, obj, buf, sz);
 604                 break;
 605         case OBJ_TREE:
 606                 /* grab_tree_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
 607                 break;
 608         case OBJ_BLOB:
 609                 /* grab_blob_values(val, deref, obj, buf, sz); */
 610                 break;
 611         default:
 612                 die("Eh?  Object of type %d?", obj->type);
 613         }
 614 }
 615
 616 static inline char *copy_advance(char *dst, const char *src)
 617 {
 618         while (*src)
 619                 *dst++ = *src++;
 620         return dst;
 621 }
 622
 623 /*
 624  * Parse the object referred by ref, and grab needed value.
 625  */
 626 static void populate_value(struct refinfo *ref)
 627 {
 628         void *buf;
 629         struct object *obj;
 630         int eaten, i;
 631         unsigned long size;
 632         const unsigned char *tagged;
 633
 634         ref->value = xcalloc(used_atom_cnt, sizeof(struct atom_value));
 635
 636         if (need_symref && (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && !ref->symref) {
 637                 unsigned char unused1[20];
 638                 ref->symref = resolve_refdup(ref->refname, RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 639                                              unused1, NULL);
 640                 if (!ref->symref)
 641                         ref->symref = "";
 642         }
 643
 644         /* Fill in specials first */
 645         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 646                 const char *name = used_atom[i];
 647                 struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 648                 int deref = 0;
 649                 const char *refname;
 650                 const char *formatp;
 651                 struct branch *branch = NULL;
 652
 653                 if (*name == '*') {
 654                         deref = 1;
 655                         name++;
 656                 }
 657
 658                 if (starts_with(name, "refname"))
 659                         refname = ref->refname;
 660                 else if (starts_with(name, "symref"))
 661                         refname = ref->symref ? ref->symref : "";
 662                 else if (starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 663                         /* only local branches may have an upstream */
 664                         if (!starts_with(ref->refname, "refs/heads/"))
 665                                 continue;
 666                         branch = branch_get(ref->refname + 11);
 667
 668                         if (!branch || !branch->merge || !branch->merge[0] ||
 669                             !branch->merge[0]->dst)
 670                                 continue;
 671                         refname = branch->merge[0]->dst;
 672                 } else if (starts_with(name, "color:")) {
 673                         char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
 674
 675                         if (color_parse(name + 6, color) < 0)
 676                                 die(_("unable to parse format"));
 677                         v->s = xstrdup(color);
 678                         continue;
 679                 } else if (!strcmp(name, "flag")) {
 680                         char buf[256], *cp = buf;
 681                         if (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
 682                                 cp = copy_advance(cp, ",symref");
 683                         if (ref->flag & REF_ISPACKED)
 684                                 cp = copy_advance(cp, ",packed");
 685                         if (cp == buf)
 686                                 v->s = "";
 687                         else {
 688                                 *cp = '\0';
 689                                 v->s = xstrdup(buf + 1);
 690                         }
 691                         continue;
 692                 } else if (!deref && grab_objectname(name, ref->objectname, v)) {
 693                         continue;
 694                 } else if (!strcmp(name, "HEAD")) {
 695                         const char *head;
 696                         unsigned char sha1[20];
 697
 698                         head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", RESOLVE_REF_READING,
 699                                                   sha1, NULL);
 700                         if (!strcmp(ref->refname, head))
 701                                 v->s = "*";
 702                         else
 703                                 v->s = " ";
 704                         continue;
 705                 } else
 706                         continue;
 707
 708                 formatp = strchr(name, ':');
 709                 if (formatp) {
 710                         int num_ours, num_theirs;
 711
 712                         formatp++;
 713                         if (!strcmp(formatp, "short"))
 714                                 refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname,
 715                                                       warn_ambiguous_refs);
 716                         else if (!strcmp(formatp, "track") &&
 717                                  starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 718                                 char buf[40];
 719
 720                                 stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs);
 721                                 if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
 722                                         v->s = "";
 723                                 else if (!num_ours) {
 724                                         sprintf(buf, "[behind %d]", num_theirs);
 725                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 726                                 } else if (!num_theirs) {
 727                                         sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d]", num_ours);
 728                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 729                                 } else {
 730                                         sprintf(buf, "[ahead %d, behind %d]",
 731                                                 num_ours, num_theirs);
 732                                         v->s = xstrdup(buf);
 733                                 }
 734                                 continue;
 735                         } else if (!strcmp(formatp, "trackshort") &&
 736                                    starts_with(name, "upstream")) {
 737                                 assert(branch);
 738                                 stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs);
 739                                 if (!num_ours && !num_theirs)
 740                                         v->s = "=";
 741                                 else if (!num_ours)
 742                                         v->s = "<";
 743                                 else if (!num_theirs)
 744                                         v->s = ">";
 745                                 else
 746                                         v->s = "<>";
 747                                 continue;
 748                         } else
 749                                 die("unknown %.*s format %s",
 750                                     (int)(formatp - name), name, formatp);
 751                 }
 752
 753                 if (!deref)
 754                         v->s = refname;
 755                 else {
 756                         int len = strlen(refname);
 757                         char *s = xmalloc(len + 4);
 758                         sprintf(s, "%s^{}", refname);
 759                         v->s = s;
 760                 }
 761         }
 762
 763         for (i = 0; i < used_atom_cnt; i++) {
 764                 struct atom_value *v = &ref->value[i];
 765                 if (v->s == NULL)
 766                         goto need_obj;
 767         }
 768         return;
 769
 770  need_obj:
 771         buf = get_obj(ref->objectname, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 772         if (!buf)
 773                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 774                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 775         if (!obj)
 776                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 777                     sha1_to_hex(ref->objectname), ref->refname);
 778
 779         grab_values(ref->value, 0, obj, buf, size);
 780         if (!eaten)
 781                 free(buf);
 782
 783         /*
 784          * If there is no atom that wants to know about tagged
 785          * object, we are done.
 786          */
 787         if (!need_tagged || (obj->type != OBJ_TAG))
 788                 return;
 789
 790         /*
 791          * If it is a tag object, see if we use a value that derefs
 792          * the object, and if we do grab the object it refers to.
 793          */
 794         tagged = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
 795
 796         /*
 797          * NEEDSWORK: This derefs tag only once, which
 798          * is good to deal with chains of trust, but
 799          * is not consistent with what deref_tag() does
 800          * which peels the onion to the core.
 801          */
 802         buf = get_obj(tagged, &obj, &size, &eaten);
 803         if (!buf)
 804                 die("missing object %s for %s",
 805                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 806         if (!obj)
 807                 die("parse_object_buffer failed on %s for %s",
 808                     sha1_to_hex(tagged), ref->refname);
 809         grab_values(ref->value, 1, obj, buf, size);
 810         if (!eaten)
 811                 free(buf);
 812 }
 813
 814 /*
 815  * Given a ref, return the value for the atom.  This lazily gets value
 816  * out of the object by calling populate value.
 817  */
 818 static void get_value(struct refinfo *ref, int atom, struct atom_value **v)
 819 {
 820         if (!ref->value) {
 821                 populate_value(ref);
 822                 fill_missing_values(ref->value);
 823         }
 824         *v = &ref->value[atom];
 825 }
 826
 827 struct grab_ref_cbdata {
 828         struct refinfo **grab_array;
 829         const char **grab_pattern;
 830         int grab_cnt;
 831 };
 832
 833 /*
 834  * A call-back given to for_each_ref().  Filter refs and keep them for
 835  * later object processing.
 836  */
 837 static int grab_single_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
 838 {
 839         struct grab_ref_cbdata *cb = cb_data;
 840         struct refinfo *ref;
 841         int cnt;
 842
 843         if (flag & REF_BAD_NAME) {
 844                   warning("ignoring ref with broken name %s", refname);
 845                   return 0;
 846         }
 847
 848         if (*cb->grab_pattern) {
 849                 const char **pattern;
 850                 int namelen = strlen(refname);
 851                 for (pattern = cb->grab_pattern; *pattern; pattern++) {
 852                         const char *p = *pattern;
 853                         int plen = strlen(p);
 854
 855                         if ((plen <= namelen) &&
 856                             !strncmp(refname, p, plen) &&
 857                             (refname[plen] == '\0' ||
 858                              refname[plen] == '/' ||
 859                              p[plen-1] == '/'))
 860                                 break;
 861                         if (!wildmatch(p, refname, WM_PATHNAME, NULL))
 862                                 break;
 863                 }
 864                 if (!*pattern)
 865                         return 0;
 866         }
 867
 868         /*
 869          * We do not open the object yet; sort may only need refname
 870          * to do its job and the resulting list may yet to be pruned
 871          * by maxcount logic.
 872          */
 873         ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref));
 874         ref->refname = xstrdup(refname);
 875         hashcpy(ref->objectname, sha1);
 876         ref->flag = flag;
 877
 878         cnt = cb->grab_cnt;
 879         REALLOC_ARRAY(cb->grab_array, cnt + 1);
 880         cb->grab_array[cnt++] = ref;
 881         cb->grab_cnt = cnt;
 882         return 0;
 883 }
 884
 885 static int cmp_ref_sort(struct ref_sort *s, struct refinfo *a, struct refinfo *b)
 886 {
 887         struct atom_value *va, *vb;
 888         int cmp;
 889         cmp_type cmp_type = used_atom_type[s->atom];
 890
 891         get_value(a, s->atom, &va);
 892         get_value(b, s->atom, &vb);
 893         switch (cmp_type) {
 894         case FIELD_STR:
 895                 cmp = strcmp(va->s, vb->s);
 896                 break;
 897         default:
 898                 if (va->ul < vb->ul)
 899                         cmp = -1;
 900                 else if (va->ul == vb->ul)
 901                         cmp = 0;
 902                 else
 903                         cmp = 1;
 904                 break;
 905         }
 906         return (s->reverse) ? -cmp : cmp;
 907 }
 908
 909 static struct ref_sort *ref_sort;
 910 static int compare_refs(const void *a_, const void *b_)
 911 {
 912         struct refinfo *a = *((struct refinfo **)a_);
 913         struct refinfo *b = *((struct refinfo **)b_);
 914         struct ref_sort *s;
 915
 916         for (s = ref_sort; s; s = s->next) {
 917                 int cmp = cmp_ref_sort(s, a, b);
 918                 if (cmp)
 919                         return cmp;
 920         }
 921         return 0;
 922 }
 923
 924 static void sort_refs(struct ref_sort *sort, struct refinfo **refs, int num_refs)
 925 {
 926         ref_sort = sort;
 927         qsort(refs, num_refs, sizeof(struct refinfo *), compare_refs);
 928 }
 929
 930 static void print_value(struct atom_value *v, int quote_style)
 931 {
 932         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 933         switch (quote_style) {
 934         case QUOTE_NONE:
 935                 fputs(v->s, stdout);
 936                 break;
 937         case QUOTE_SHELL:
 938                 sq_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 939                 break;
 940         case QUOTE_PERL:
 941                 perl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 942                 break;
 943         case QUOTE_PYTHON:
 944                 python_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 945                 break;
 946         case QUOTE_TCL:
 947                 tcl_quote_buf(&sb, v->s);
 948                 break;
 949         }
 950         if (quote_style != QUOTE_NONE) {
 951                 fputs(sb.buf, stdout);
 952                 strbuf_release(&sb);
 953         }
 954 }
 955
 956 static int hex1(char ch)
 957 {
 958         if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
 959                 return ch - '0';
 960         else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'f')
 961                 return ch - 'a' + 10;
 962         else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'F')
 963                 return ch - 'A' + 10;
 964         return -1;
 965 }
 966 static int hex2(const char *cp)
 967 {
 968         if (cp[0] && cp[1])
 969                 return (hex1(cp[0]) << 4) | hex1(cp[1]);
 970         else
 971                 return -1;
 972 }
 973
 974 static void emit(const char *cp, const char *ep)
 975 {
 976         while (*cp && (!ep || cp < ep)) {
 977                 if (*cp == '%') {
 978                         if (cp[1] == '%')
 979                                 cp++;
 980                         else {
 981                                 int ch = hex2(cp + 1);
 982                                 if (0 <= ch) {
 983                                         putchar(ch);
 984                                         cp += 3;
 985                                         continue;
 986                                 }
 987                         }
 988                 }
 989                 putchar(*cp);
 990                 cp++;
 991         }
 992 }
 993
 994 static void show_ref(struct refinfo *info, const char *format, int quote_style)
 995 {
 996         const char *cp, *sp, *ep;
 997
 998         for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
 999                 struct atom_value *atomv;
1000
1001                 ep = strchr(sp, ')');
1002                 if (cp < sp)
1003                         emit(cp, sp);
1004                 get_value(info, parse_atom(sp + 2, ep), &atomv);
1005                 print_value(atomv, quote_style);
1006         }
1007         if (*cp) {
1008                 sp = cp + strlen(cp);
1009                 emit(cp, sp);
1010         }
1011         if (need_color_reset_at_eol) {
1012                 struct atom_value resetv;
1013                 char color[COLOR_MAXLEN] = "";
1014
1015                 if (color_parse("reset", color) < 0)
1016                         die("BUG: couldn't parse 'reset' as a color");
1017                 resetv.s = color;
1018                 print_value(&resetv, quote_style);
1019         }
1020         putchar('\n');
1021 }
1022
1023 static struct ref_sort *default_sort(void)
1024 {
1025         static const char cstr_name[] = "refname";
1026
1027         struct ref_sort *sort = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*sort));
1028
1029         sort->next = NULL;
1030         sort->atom = parse_atom(cstr_name, cstr_name + strlen(cstr_name));
1031         return sort;
1032 }
1033
1034 static int opt_parse_sort(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
1035 {
1036         struct ref_sort **sort_tail = opt->value;
1037         struct ref_sort *s;
1038         int len;
1039
1040         if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
1041                 return -1;
1042
1043         s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
1044         s->next = *sort_tail;
1045         *sort_tail = s;
1046
1047         if (*arg == '-') {
1048                 s->reverse = 1;
1049                 arg++;
1050         }
1051         len = strlen(arg);
1052         s->atom = parse_atom(arg, arg+len);
1053         return 0;
1054 }
1055
1056 static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
1057         N_("git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"),
1058         NULL
1059 };
1060
1061 int cmd_for_each_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
1062 {
1063         int i, num_refs;
1064         const char *format = "%(objectname) %(objecttype)\t%(refname)";
1065         struct ref_sort *sort = NULL, **sort_tail = &sort;
1066         int maxcount = 0, quote_style = 0;
1067         struct refinfo **refs;
1068         struct grab_ref_cbdata cbdata;
1069
1070         struct option opts[] = {
1071                 OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
1072                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for shells"), QUOTE_SHELL),
1073                 OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
1074                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for perl"), QUOTE_PERL),
1075                 OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
1076                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for python"), QUOTE_PYTHON),
1077                 OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
1078                         N_("quote placeholders suitably for tcl"), QUOTE_TCL),
1079
1080                 OPT_GROUP(""),
1081                 OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, N_("show only <n> matched refs")),
1082                 OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
1083                 OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, N_("key"),
1084                             N_("field name to sort on"), &opt_parse_sort),
1085                 OPT_END(),
1086         };
1087
1088         parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, for_each_ref_usage, 0);
1089         if (maxcount < 0) {
1090                 error("invalid --count argument: `%d'", maxcount);
1091                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1092         }
1093         if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(quote_style)) {
1094                 error("more than one quoting style?");
1095                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1096         }
1097         if (verify_format(format))
1098                 usage_with_options(for_each_ref_usage, opts);
1099
1100         if (!sort)
1101                 sort = default_sort();
1102
1103         /* for warn_ambiguous_refs */
1104         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
1105
1106         memset(&cbdata, 0, sizeof(cbdata));
1107         cbdata.grab_pattern = argv;
1108         for_each_rawref(grab_single_ref, &cbdata);
1109         refs = cbdata.grab_array;
1110         num_refs = cbdata.grab_cnt;
1111
1112         sort_refs(sort, refs, num_refs);
1113
1114         if (!maxcount || num_refs < maxcount)
1115                 maxcount = num_refs;
1116         for (i = 0; i < maxcount; i++)
1117                 show_ref(refs[i], format, quote_style);
1118         return 0;
1119 }