6 git-sparse-checkout - Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout
7 configuration, which reduces the checkout to a set of paths
8 given by a list of patterns.
14 'git sparse-checkout <subcommand> [options]'
20 Initialize and modify the sparse-checkout configuration, which reduces
21 the checkout to a set of paths given by a list of patterns.
23 THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER
24 COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN
31 Describe the patterns in the sparse-checkout file.
34 Enable the `core.sparseCheckout` setting. If the
35 sparse-checkout file does not exist, then populate it with
36 patterns that match every file in the root directory and
37 no other directories, then will remove all directories tracked
38 by Git. Add patterns to the sparse-checkout file to
39 repopulate the working directory.
41 To avoid interfering with other worktrees, it first enables the
42 `extensions.worktreeConfig` setting and makes sure to set the
43 `core.sparseCheckout` setting in the worktree-specific config file.
45 When `--cone` is provided, the `core.sparseCheckoutCone` setting is
46 also set, allowing for better performance with a limited set of
47 patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below).
49 Use the `--[no-]sparse-index` option to toggle the use of the sparse
50 index format. This reduces the size of the index to be more closely
51 aligned with your sparse-checkout definition. This can have significant
52 performance advantages for commands such as `git status` or `git add`.
53 This feature is still experimental. Some commands might be slower with
54 a sparse index until they are properly integrated with the feature.
56 **WARNING:** Using a sparse index requires modifying the index in a way
57 that is not completely understood by external tools. If you have trouble
58 with this compatibility, then run `git sparse-checkout init --no-sparse-index`
59 to rewrite your index to not be sparse. Older versions of Git will not
60 understand the sparse directory entries index extension and may fail to
61 interact with your repository until it is disabled.
64 Write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file, as given as
65 a list of arguments following the 'set' subcommand. Update the
66 working directory to match the new patterns. Enable the
67 core.sparseCheckout config setting if it is not already enabled.
69 When the `--stdin` option is provided, the patterns are read from
70 standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the arguments.
72 When `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the input list is considered a
73 list of directories instead of sparse-checkout patterns. The command writes
74 patterns to the sparse-checkout file to include all files contained in those
75 directories (recursively) as well as files that are siblings of ancestor
76 directories. The input format matches the output of `git ls-tree --name-only`.
77 This includes interpreting pathnames that begin with a double quote (") as
78 C-style quoted strings.
81 Update the sparse-checkout file to include additional patterns.
82 By default, these patterns are read from the command-line arguments,
83 but they can be read from stdin using the `--stdin` option. When
84 `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled, the given patterns are interpreted
85 as directory names as in the 'set' subcommand.
88 Reapply the sparsity pattern rules to paths in the working tree.
89 Commands like merge or rebase can materialize paths to do their
90 work (e.g. in order to show you a conflict), and other
91 sparse-checkout commands might fail to sparsify an individual file
92 (e.g. because it has unstaged changes or conflicts). In such
93 cases, it can make sense to run `git sparse-checkout reapply` later
94 after cleaning up affected paths (e.g. resolving conflicts, undoing
95 or committing changes, etc.).
98 Disable the `core.sparseCheckout` config setting, and restore the
99 working directory to include all files. Leaves the sparse-checkout
100 file intact so a later 'git sparse-checkout init' command may
101 return the working directory to the same state.
106 "Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely.
107 It uses the skip-worktree bit (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]) to tell
108 Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If
109 the skip-worktree bit is set, then the file is ignored in the working
110 directory. Git will not populate the contents of those files, which
111 makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a repository with many
112 files, but only a few are important to the current user.
114 The `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file is used to define the
115 skip-worktree reference bitmap. When Git updates the working
116 directory, it updates the skip-worktree bits in the index based
117 on this file. The files matching the patterns in the file will
118 appear in the working directory, and the rest will not.
120 To enable the sparse-checkout feature, run `git sparse-checkout init` to
121 initialize a simple sparse-checkout file and enable the `core.sparseCheckout`
122 config setting. Then, run `git sparse-checkout set` to modify the patterns in
123 the sparse-checkout file.
125 To repopulate the working directory with all files, use the
126 `git sparse-checkout disable` command.
132 By default, the sparse-checkout file uses the same syntax as `.gitignore`
135 While `$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` is usually used to specify what
136 files are included, you can also specify what files are _not_ included,
137 using negative patterns. For example, to remove the file `unwanted`:
148 The full pattern set allows for arbitrary pattern matches and complicated
149 inclusion/exclusion rules. These can result in O(N*M) pattern matches when
150 updating the index, where N is the number of patterns and M is the number
151 of paths in the index. To combat this performance issue, a more restricted
152 pattern set is allowed when `core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled.
154 The accepted patterns in the cone pattern set are:
156 1. *Recursive:* All paths inside a directory are included.
158 2. *Parent:* All files immediately inside a directory are included.
160 In addition to the above two patterns, we also expect that all files in the
161 root directory are included. If a recursive pattern is added, then all
162 leading directories are added as parent patterns.
164 By default, when running `git sparse-checkout init`, the root directory is
165 added as a parent pattern. At this point, the sparse-checkout file contains
166 the following patterns:
173 This says "include everything in root, but nothing two levels below root."
175 When in cone mode, the `git sparse-checkout set` subcommand takes a list of
176 directories instead of a list of sparse-checkout patterns. In this mode,
177 the command `git sparse-checkout set A/B/C` sets the directory `A/B/C` as
178 a recursive pattern, the directories `A` and `A/B` are added as parent
179 patterns. The resulting sparse-checkout file is now
191 Here, order matters, so the negative patterns are overridden by the positive
192 patterns that appear lower in the file.
194 If `core.sparseCheckoutCone=true`, then Git will parse the sparse-checkout file
195 expecting patterns of these types. Git will warn if the patterns do not match.
196 If the patterns do match the expected format, then Git will use faster hash-
197 based algorithms to compute inclusion in the sparse-checkout.
199 In the cone mode case, the `git sparse-checkout list` subcommand will list the
200 directories that define the recursive patterns. For the example sparse-checkout
201 file above, the output is as follows:
203 --------------------------
204 $ git sparse-checkout list
206 --------------------------
208 If `core.ignoreCase=true`, then the pattern-matching algorithm will use a
209 case-insensitive check. This corrects for case mismatched filenames in the
210 'git sparse-checkout set' command to reflect the expected cone in the working
213 When changing the sparse-checkout patterns in cone mode, Git will inspect each
214 tracked directory that is not within the sparse-checkout cone to see if it
215 contains any untracked files. If all of those files are ignored due to the
216 `.gitignore` patterns, then the directory will be deleted. If any of the
217 untracked files within that directory is not ignored, then no deletions will
218 occur within that directory and a warning message will appear. If these files
219 are important, then reset your sparse-checkout definition so they are included,
220 use `git add` and `git commit` to store them, then remove any remaining files
221 manually to ensure Git can behave optimally.
227 If your repository contains one or more submodules, then submodules
228 are populated based on interactions with the `git submodule` command.
229 Specifically, `git submodule init -- <path>` will ensure the submodule
230 at `<path>` is present, while `git submodule deinit [-f] -- <path>`
231 will remove the files for the submodule at `<path>` (including any
232 untracked files, uncommitted changes, and unpushed history). Similar
233 to how sparse-checkout removes files from the working tree but still
234 leaves entries in the index, deinitialized submodules are removed from
235 the working directory but still have an entry in the index.
237 Since submodules may have unpushed changes or untracked files,
238 removing them could result in data loss. Thus, changing sparse
239 inclusion/exclusion rules will not cause an already checked out
240 submodule to be removed from the working copy. Said another way, just
241 as `checkout` will not cause submodules to be automatically removed or
242 initialized even when switching between branches that remove or add
243 submodules, using `sparse-checkout` to reduce or expand the scope of
244 "interesting" files will not cause submodules to be automatically
245 deinitialized or initialized either.
247 Further, the above facts mean that there are multiple reasons that
248 "tracked" files might not be present in the working copy: sparsity
249 pattern application from sparse-checkout, and submodule initialization
250 state. Thus, commands like `git grep` that work on tracked files in
251 the working copy may return results that are limited by either or both
252 of these restrictions.
258 linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
263 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite