6 git-receive-pack - Receive what is pushed into the repository
12 'git-receive-pack' <directory>
16 Invoked by 'git send-pack' and updates the repository with the
17 information fed from the remote end.
19 This command is usually not invoked directly by the end user.
20 The UI for the protocol is on the 'git send-pack' side, and the
21 program pair is meant to be used to push updates to remote
22 repository. For pull operations, see linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
24 The command allows for creation and fast-forwarding of sha1 refs
25 (heads/tags) on the remote end (strictly speaking, it is the
26 local end 'git-receive-pack' runs, but to the user who is sitting at
27 the send-pack end, it is updating the remote. Confused?)
29 There are other real-world examples of using update and
30 post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory.
32 'git-receive-pack' honours the receive.denyNonFastForwards config
33 option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they
34 are not fast-forwards.
36 A number of other receive.* config options are available to tweak
37 its behavior, see linkgit:git-config[1].
42 The repository to sync into.
46 Before any ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive file exists
47 and is executable, it will be invoked once with no parameters. The
48 standard input of the hook will be one line per ref to be updated:
50 sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF
52 The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
53 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
54 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
55 the update. Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0\{40},
56 while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0\{40}, otherwise
57 sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in the repository.
59 When accepting a signed push (see linkgit:git-push[1]), the signed
60 push certificate is stored in a blob and an environment variable
61 `GIT_PUSH_CERT` can be consulted for its object name. See the
62 description of `post-receive` hook for an example. In addition, the
63 certificate is verified using GPG and the result is exported with
64 the following environment variables:
66 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER`::
67 The name and the e-mail address of the owner of the key that
68 signed the push certificate.
71 The GPG key ID of the key that signed the push certificate.
73 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS`::
74 The status of GPG verification of the push certificate,
75 using the same mnemonic as used in `%G?` format of `git log`
76 family of commands (see linkgit:git-log[1]).
78 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE`::
79 The nonce string the process asked the signer to include
80 in the push certificate. If this does not match the value
81 recorded on the "nonce" header in the push certificate, it
82 may indicate that the certificate is a valid one that is
83 being replayed from a separate "git push" session.
85 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS`::
87 "git push --signed" sent a nonce when we did not ask it to
90 "git push --signed" did not send any nonce header.
92 "git push --signed" sent a bogus nonce.
94 "git push --signed" sent the nonce we asked it to send.
96 "git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
97 asked it to send now, but in a previous session. See
98 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP` environment variable.
100 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP`::
101 "git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
102 asked it to send now, but in a different session whose
103 starting time is different by this many seconds from the
104 current session. Only meaningful when
105 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS` says `SLOP`.
106 Also read about `receive.certNonceSlop` variable in
107 linkgit:git-config[1].
109 This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
110 fast-forward checks are performed.
112 If the pre-receive hook exits with a non-zero exit status no updates
113 will be performed, and the update, post-receive and post-update
114 hooks will not be invoked either. This can be useful to quickly
115 bail out if the update is not to be supported.
119 Before each ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/update file exists
120 and is executable, it is invoked once per ref, with three parameters:
122 $GIT_DIR/hooks/update refname sha1-old sha1-new
124 The refname parameter is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
125 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 arguments are
126 the object names for the refname before and after the update.
127 Note that the hook is called before the refname is updated,
128 so either sha1-old is 0\{40} (meaning there is no such ref yet),
129 or it should match what is recorded in refname.
131 The hook should exit with non-zero status if it wants to disallow
132 updating the named ref. Otherwise it should exit with zero.
134 Successful execution (a zero exit status) of this hook does not
135 ensure the ref will actually be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
136 As such it is not a good idea to send notices (e.g. email) from
137 this hook. Consider using the post-receive hook instead.
141 After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
142 ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
143 file exists and is executable, it will be invoked once with no
144 parameters. The standard input of the hook will be one line
145 for each successfully updated ref:
147 sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF
149 The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
150 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
151 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
152 the update. Refs that were created will have sha1-old equal to
153 0\{40}, while refs that were deleted will have sha1-new equal to
154 0\{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
157 The `GIT_PUSH_CERT*` environment variables can be inspected, just as
158 in `pre-receive` hook, after accepting a signed push.
160 Using this hook, it is easy to generate mails describing the updates
161 to the repository. This example script sends one mail message per
162 ref listing the commits pushed to the repository, and logs the push
163 certificates of signed pushes with good signatures to a logger
167 # mail out commit update information.
168 while read oval nval ref
170 if expr "$oval" : '0*$' >/dev/null
172 echo "Created a new ref, with the following commits:"
173 git rev-list --pretty "$nval"
176 git rev-list --pretty "$nval" "^$oval"
178 mail -s "Changes to ref $ref" commit-list@mydomain
180 # log signed push certificate, if any
181 if test -n "${GIT_PUSH_CERT-}" && test ${GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS} = G
184 echo expected nonce is ${GIT_PUSH_NONCE}
185 git cat-file blob ${GIT_PUSH_CERT}
186 ) | mail -s "push certificate from $GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER" push-log@mydomain
190 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored, however a
191 non-zero exit code will generate an error message.
193 Note that it is possible for refname to not have sha1-new when this
194 hook runs. This can easily occur if another user modifies the ref
195 after it was updated by 'git-receive-pack', but before the hook was able
196 to evaluate it. It is recommended that hooks rely on sha1-new
197 rather than the current value of refname.
201 After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
202 if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
203 post-update will be called with the list of refs that have been updated.
204 This can be used to implement any repository wide cleanup tasks.
206 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored; the only thing
207 left for 'git-receive-pack' to do at that point is to exit itself
210 This hook can be used, for example, to run `git update-server-info`
211 if the repository is packed and is served via a dumb transport.
214 exec git update-server-info
219 linkgit:git-send-pack[1], linkgit:gitnamespaces[7]
223 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite