6 git - the stupid content tracker
12 'git' [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
13 [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
14 [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
15 [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
20 Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an
21 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
22 and full access to internals.
24 See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see
25 linkgit:giteveryday[7] for a useful minimum set of
26 commands. The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more
27 in-depth introduction.
29 After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this
30 page to learn what commands Git offers. You can learn more about
31 individual Git commands with "git help command". linkgit:gitcli[7]
32 manual page gives you an overview of the command-line command syntax.
34 Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest Git documentation
35 can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
41 You are reading the documentation for the latest (possibly
42 unreleased) version of Git, that is available from the 'master'
43 branch of the `git.git` repository.
44 Documentation for older releases are available here:
46 * link:v2.8.3/git.html[documentation for release 2.8.3]
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52 link:RelNotes/2.8.0.txt[2.8].
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60 link:RelNotes/2.7.0.txt[2.7].
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478 link:RelNotes/1.5.1.3.txt[1.5.1.3],
479 link:RelNotes/1.5.1.2.txt[1.5.1.2],
480 link:RelNotes/1.5.1.1.txt[1.5.1.1],
481 link:RelNotes/1.5.1.txt[1.5.1].
483 * link:v1.5.0.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.0.7]
486 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.7.txt[1.5.0.7],
487 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.6.txt[1.5.0.6],
488 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.5.txt[1.5.0.5],
489 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.3.txt[1.5.0.3],
490 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.2.txt[1.5.0.2],
491 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.1.txt[1.5.0.1],
492 link:RelNotes/1.5.0.txt[1.5.0].
494 * documentation for release link:v1.4.4.4/git.html[1.4.4.4],
495 link:v1.3.3/git.html[1.3.3],
496 link:v1.2.6/git.html[1.2.6],
497 link:v1.0.13/git.html[1.0.13].
506 Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
509 Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
510 commands. If the option '--all' or '-a' is given then all
511 available commands are printed. If a Git command is named this
512 option will bring up the manual page for that command.
514 Other options are available to control how the manual page is
515 displayed. See linkgit:git-help[1] for more information,
516 because `git --help ...` is converted internally into `git
520 Run as if git was started in '<path>' instead of the current working
521 directory. When multiple `-C` options are given, each subsequent
522 non-absolute `-C <path>` is interpreted relative to the preceding `-C
525 This option affects options that expect path name like `--git-dir` and
526 `--work-tree` in that their interpretations of the path names would be
527 made relative to the working directory caused by the `-C` option. For
528 example the following invocations are equivalent:
530 git --git-dir=a.git --work-tree=b -C c status
531 git --git-dir=c/a.git --work-tree=c/b status
534 Pass a configuration parameter to the command. The value
535 given will override values from configuration files.
536 The <name> is expected in the same format as listed by
537 'git config' (subkeys separated by dots).
539 Note that omitting the `=` in `git -c foo.bar ...` is allowed and sets
540 `foo.bar` to the boolean true value (just like `[foo]bar` would in a
541 config file). Including the equals but with an empty value (like `git -c
542 foo.bar= ...`) sets `foo.bar` to the empty string.
544 --exec-path[=<path>]::
545 Path to wherever your core Git programs are installed.
546 This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_EXEC_PATH
547 environment variable. If no path is given, 'git' will print
548 the current setting and then exit.
551 Print the path, without trailing slash, where Git's HTML
552 documentation is installed and exit.
555 Print the manpath (see `man(1)`) for the man pages for
556 this version of Git and exit.
559 Print the path where the Info files documenting this
560 version of Git are installed and exit.
564 Pipe all output into 'less' (or if set, $PAGER) if standard
565 output is a terminal. This overrides the `pager.<cmd>`
566 configuration options (see the "Configuration Mechanism" section
570 Do not pipe Git output into a pager.
573 Set the path to the repository. This can also be controlled by
574 setting the GIT_DIR environment variable. It can be an absolute
575 path or relative path to current working directory.
578 Set the path to the working tree. It can be an absolute path
579 or a path relative to the current working directory.
580 This can also be controlled by setting the GIT_WORK_TREE
581 environment variable and the core.worktree configuration
582 variable (see core.worktree in linkgit:git-config[1] for a
583 more detailed discussion).
586 Set the Git namespace. See linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for more
587 details. Equivalent to setting the `GIT_NAMESPACE` environment
591 Treat the repository as a bare repository. If GIT_DIR
592 environment is not set, it is set to the current working
595 --no-replace-objects::
596 Do not use replacement refs to replace Git objects. See
597 linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
599 --literal-pathspecs::
600 Treat pathspecs literally (i.e. no globbing, no pathspec magic).
601 This is equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment
605 Add "glob" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
606 the `GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Disabling
607 globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
611 Add "literal" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
612 the `GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`. Enabling
613 globbing on individual pathspecs can be done using pathspec
617 Add "icase" magic to all pathspec. This is equivalent to setting
618 the `GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS` environment variable to `1`.
623 We divide Git into high level ("porcelain") commands and low level
624 ("plumbing") commands.
626 High-level commands (porcelain)
627 -------------------------------
629 We separate the porcelain commands into the main commands and some
630 ancillary user utilities.
632 Main porcelain commands
633 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
635 include::cmds-mainporcelain.txt[]
641 include::cmds-ancillarymanipulators.txt[]
645 include::cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt[]
648 Interacting with Others
649 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
651 These commands are to interact with foreign SCM and with other
652 people via patch over e-mail.
654 include::cmds-foreignscminterface.txt[]
657 Low-level commands (plumbing)
658 -----------------------------
660 Although Git includes its
661 own porcelain layer, its low-level commands are sufficient to support
662 development of alternative porcelains. Developers of such porcelains
663 might start by reading about linkgit:git-update-index[1] and
664 linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
666 The interface (input, output, set of options and the semantics)
667 to these low-level commands are meant to be a lot more stable
668 than Porcelain level commands, because these commands are
669 primarily for scripted use. The interface to Porcelain commands
670 on the other hand are subject to change in order to improve the
673 The following description divides
674 the low-level commands into commands that manipulate objects (in
675 the repository, index, and working tree), commands that interrogate and
676 compare objects, and commands that move objects and references between
680 Manipulation commands
681 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
683 include::cmds-plumbingmanipulators.txt[]
686 Interrogation commands
687 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
689 include::cmds-plumbinginterrogators.txt[]
691 In general, the interrogate commands do not touch the files in
695 Synching repositories
696 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
698 include::cmds-synchingrepositories.txt[]
700 The following are helper commands used by the above; end users
701 typically do not use them directly.
703 include::cmds-synchelpers.txt[]
706 Internal helper commands
707 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
709 These are internal helper commands used by other commands; end
710 users typically do not use them directly.
712 include::cmds-purehelpers.txt[]
715 Configuration Mechanism
716 -----------------------
718 Git uses a simple text format to store customizations that are per
719 repository and are per user. Such a configuration file may look
724 # A '#' or ';' character indicates a comment.
729 ; Don't trust file modes
734 name = "Junio C Hamano"
735 email = "gitster@pobox.com"
739 Various commands read from the configuration file and adjust
740 their operation accordingly. See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
741 list and more details about the configuration mechanism.
744 Identifier Terminology
745 ----------------------
747 Indicates the object name for any type of object.
750 Indicates a blob object name.
753 Indicates a tree object name.
756 Indicates a commit object name.
759 Indicates a tree, commit or tag object name. A
760 command that takes a <tree-ish> argument ultimately wants to
761 operate on a <tree> object but automatically dereferences
762 <commit> and <tag> objects that point at a <tree>.
765 Indicates a commit or tag object name. A
766 command that takes a <commit-ish> argument ultimately wants to
767 operate on a <commit> object but automatically dereferences
768 <tag> objects that point at a <commit>.
771 Indicates that an object type is required.
772 Currently one of: `blob`, `tree`, `commit`, or `tag`.
775 Indicates a filename - almost always relative to the
776 root of the tree structure `GIT_INDEX_FILE` describes.
780 Any Git command accepting any <object> can also use the following
784 indicates the head of the current branch.
788 (i.e. a `refs/tags/<tag>` reference).
792 (i.e. a `refs/heads/<head>` reference).
794 For a more complete list of ways to spell object names, see
795 "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
798 File/Directory Structure
799 ------------------------
801 Please see the linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] document.
803 Read linkgit:githooks[5] for more details about each hook.
805 Higher level SCMs may provide and manage additional information in the
811 Please see linkgit:gitglossary[7].
814 Environment Variables
815 ---------------------
816 Various Git commands use the following environment variables:
820 These environment variables apply to 'all' core Git commands. Nb: it
821 is worth noting that they may be used/overridden by SCMS sitting above
822 Git so take care if using a foreign front-end.
825 This environment allows the specification of an alternate
826 index file. If not specified, the default of `$GIT_DIR/index`
829 'GIT_INDEX_VERSION'::
830 This environment variable allows the specification of an index
831 version for new repositories. It won't affect existing index
832 files. By default index file version 2 or 3 is used. See
833 linkgit:git-update-index[1] for more information.
835 'GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY'::
836 If the object storage directory is specified via this
837 environment variable then the sha1 directories are created
838 underneath - otherwise the default `$GIT_DIR/objects`
841 'GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES'::
842 Due to the immutable nature of Git objects, old objects can be
843 archived into shared, read-only directories. This variable
844 specifies a ":" separated (on Windows ";" separated) list
845 of Git object directories which can be used to search for Git
846 objects. New objects will not be written to these directories.
849 If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
850 specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
851 for the base of the repository.
852 The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
855 Set the path to the root of the working tree.
856 This can also be controlled by the '--work-tree' command-line
857 option and the core.worktree configuration variable.
860 Set the Git namespace; see linkgit:gitnamespaces[7] for details.
861 The '--namespace' command-line option also sets this value.
863 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES'::
864 This should be a colon-separated list of absolute paths. If
865 set, it is a list of directories that Git should not chdir up
866 into while looking for a repository directory (useful for
867 excluding slow-loading network directories). It will not
868 exclude the current working directory or a GIT_DIR set on the
869 command line or in the environment. Normally, Git has to read
870 the entries in this list and resolve any symlink that
871 might be present in order to compare them with the current
872 directory. However, if even this access is slow, you
873 can add an empty entry to the list to tell Git that the
874 subsequent entries are not symlinks and needn't be resolved;
876 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES=/maybe/symlink::/very/slow/non/symlink'.
878 'GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM'::
879 When run in a directory that does not have ".git" repository
880 directory, Git tries to find such a directory in the parent
881 directories to find the top of the working tree, but by default it
882 does not cross filesystem boundaries. This environment variable
883 can be set to true to tell Git not to stop at filesystem
884 boundaries. Like 'GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES', this will not affect
885 an explicit repository directory set via 'GIT_DIR' or on the
889 If this variable is set to a path, non-worktree files that are
890 normally in $GIT_DIR will be taken from this path
891 instead. Worktree-specific files such as HEAD or index are
892 taken from $GIT_DIR. See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] and
893 linkgit:git-worktree[1] for
894 details. This variable has lower precedence than other path
895 variables such as GIT_INDEX_FILE, GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY...
902 'GIT_COMMITTER_NAME'::
903 'GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL'::
904 'GIT_COMMITTER_DATE'::
906 see linkgit:git-commit-tree[1]
911 Only valid setting is "--unified=??" or "-u??" to set the
912 number of context lines shown when a unified diff is created.
913 This takes precedence over any "-U" or "--unified" option
914 value passed on the Git diff command line.
916 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF'::
917 When the environment variable 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is set, the
918 program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation
919 described above. For a path that is added, removed, or modified,
920 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 7 parameters:
922 path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode
926 <old|new>-file:: are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the
927 contents of <old|new>,
928 <old|new>-hex:: are the 40-hexdigit SHA-1 hashes,
929 <old|new>-mode:: are the octal representation of the file modes.
931 The file parameters can point at the user's working file
932 (e.g. `new-file` in "git-diff-files"), `/dev/null` (e.g. `old-file`
933 when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. `old-file` in the
934 index). 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' should not worry about unlinking the
935 temporary file --- it is removed when 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' exits.
937 For a path that is unmerged, 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called with 1
940 For each path 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF' is called, two environment variables,
941 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER' and 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL' are set.
943 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_COUNTER'::
944 A 1-based counter incremented by one for every path.
946 'GIT_DIFF_PATH_TOTAL'::
947 The total number of paths.
951 'GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY'::
952 A number controlling the amount of output shown by
953 the recursive merge strategy. Overrides merge.verbosity.
954 See linkgit:git-merge[1]
957 This environment variable overrides `$PAGER`. If it is set
958 to an empty string or to the value "cat", Git will not launch
959 a pager. See also the `core.pager` option in
960 linkgit:git-config[1].
963 This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
964 It is used by several Git commands when, on interactive mode,
965 an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
966 and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
970 If either of these environment variables is set then 'git fetch'
971 and 'git push' will use the specified command instead of 'ssh'
972 when they need to connect to a remote system.
973 The command will be given exactly two or four arguments: the
974 'username@host' (or just 'host') from the URL and the shell
975 command to execute on that remote system, optionally preceded by
976 '-p' (literally) and the 'port' from the URL when it specifies
977 something other than the default SSH port.
979 `$GIT_SSH_COMMAND` takes precedence over `$GIT_SSH`, and is interpreted
980 by the shell, which allows additional arguments to be included.
981 `$GIT_SSH` on the other hand must be just the path to a program
982 (which can be a wrapper shell script, if additional arguments are
985 Usually it is easier to configure any desired options through your
986 personal `.ssh/config` file. Please consult your ssh documentation
990 If this environment variable is set, then Git commands which need to
991 acquire passwords or passphrases (e.g. for HTTP or IMAP authentication)
992 will call this program with a suitable prompt as command-line argument
993 and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askPass'
994 option in linkgit:git-config[1].
996 'GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT'::
997 If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
998 on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
1000 'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
1001 Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
1002 `$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file. This environment variable can
1003 be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
1004 predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it
1005 temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
1006 waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
1009 If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
1010 as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
1011 'git check-attr' and 'git check-ignore' will
1012 force a flush of the output stream after each record have been
1014 variable is set to "0", the output of these commands will be done
1015 using completely buffered I/O. If this environment variable is
1016 not set, Git will choose buffered or record-oriented flushing
1017 based on whether stdout appears to be redirected to a file or not.
1020 Enables general trace messages, e.g. alias expansion, built-in
1021 command execution and external command execution.
1023 If this variable is set to "1", "2" or "true" (comparison
1024 is case insensitive), trace messages will be printed to
1027 If the variable is set to an integer value greater than 2
1028 and lower than 10 (strictly) then Git will interpret this
1029 value as an open file descriptor and will try to write the
1030 trace messages into this file descriptor.
1032 Alternatively, if the variable is set to an absolute path
1033 (starting with a '/' character), Git will interpret this
1034 as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
1037 Unsetting the variable, or setting it to empty, "0" or
1038 "false" (case insensitive) disables trace messages.
1040 'GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS'::
1041 Enables trace messages for all accesses to any packs. For each
1042 access, the pack file name and an offset in the pack is
1043 recorded. This may be helpful for troubleshooting some
1044 pack-related performance problems.
1045 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1047 'GIT_TRACE_PACKET'::
1048 Enables trace messages for all packets coming in or out of a
1049 given program. This can help with debugging object negotiation
1050 or other protocol issues. Tracing is turned off at a packet
1051 starting with "PACK" (but see 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE' below).
1052 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1054 'GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE'::
1055 Enables tracing of packfiles sent or received by a
1056 given program. Unlike other trace output, this trace is
1057 verbatim: no headers, and no quoting of binary data. You almost
1058 certainly want to direct into a file (e.g.,
1059 `GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE=/tmp/my.pack`) rather than displaying it on
1060 the terminal or mixing it with other trace output.
1062 Note that this is currently only implemented for the client side
1063 of clones and fetches.
1065 'GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE'::
1066 Enables performance related trace messages, e.g. total execution
1067 time of each Git command.
1068 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1071 Enables trace messages printing the .git, working tree and current
1072 working directory after Git has completed its setup phase.
1073 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1075 'GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW'::
1076 Enables trace messages that can help debugging fetching /
1077 cloning of shallow repositories.
1078 See 'GIT_TRACE' for available trace output options.
1080 'GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS'::
1081 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1082 pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
1083 running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
1084 for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
1085 glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding
1086 literal paths to Git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
1087 `git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
1089 'GIT_GLOB_PATHSPECS'::
1090 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1091 pathspecs as glob patterns (aka "glob" magic).
1093 'GIT_NOGLOB_PATHSPECS'::
1094 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1095 pathspecs as literal (aka "literal" magic).
1097 'GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS'::
1098 Setting this variable to `1` will cause Git to treat all
1099 pathspecs as case-insensitive.
1101 'GIT_REFLOG_ACTION'::
1102 When a ref is updated, reflog entries are created to keep
1103 track of the reason why the ref was updated (which is
1104 typically the name of the high-level command that updated
1105 the ref), in addition to the old and new values of the ref.
1106 A scripted Porcelain command can use set_reflog_action
1107 helper function in `git-sh-setup` to set its name to this
1108 variable when it is invoked as the top level command by the
1109 end user, to be recorded in the body of the reflog.
1111 'GIT_REF_PARANOIA'::
1112 If set to `1`, include broken or badly named refs when iterating
1113 over lists of refs. In a normal, non-corrupted repository, this
1114 does nothing. However, enabling it may help git to detect and
1115 abort some operations in the presence of broken refs. Git sets
1116 this variable automatically when performing destructive
1117 operations like linkgit:git-prune[1]. You should not need to set
1118 it yourself unless you want to be paranoid about making sure
1119 an operation has touched every ref (e.g., because you are
1120 cloning a repository to make a backup).
1122 'GIT_ALLOW_PROTOCOL'::
1123 If set, provide a colon-separated list of protocols which are
1124 allowed to be used with fetch/push/clone. This is useful to
1125 restrict recursive submodule initialization from an untrusted
1126 repository. Any protocol not mentioned will be disallowed (i.e.,
1127 this is a whitelist, not a blacklist). If the variable is not
1128 set at all, all protocols are enabled. The protocol names
1129 currently used by git are:
1131 - `file`: any local file-based path (including `file://` URLs,
1134 - `git`: the anonymous git protocol over a direct TCP
1135 connection (or proxy, if configured)
1137 - `ssh`: git over ssh (including `host:path` syntax,
1140 - `http`: git over http, both "smart http" and "dumb http".
1141 Note that this does _not_ include `https`; if you want both,
1142 you should specify both as `http:https`.
1144 - any external helpers are named by their protocol (e.g., use
1145 `hg` to allow the `git-remote-hg` helper)
1148 Discussion[[Discussion]]
1149 ------------------------
1151 More detail on the following is available from the
1152 link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
1153 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7].
1155 A Git project normally consists of a working directory with a ".git"
1156 subdirectory at the top level. The .git directory contains, among other
1157 things, a compressed object database representing the complete history
1158 of the project, an "index" file which links that history to the current
1159 contents of the working tree, and named pointers into that history such
1160 as tags and branch heads.
1162 The object database contains objects of three main types: blobs, which
1163 hold file data; trees, which point to blobs and other trees to build up
1164 directory hierarchies; and commits, which each reference a single tree
1165 and some number of parent commits.
1167 The commit, equivalent to what other systems call a "changeset" or
1168 "version", represents a step in the project's history, and each parent
1169 represents an immediately preceding step. Commits with more than one
1170 parent represent merges of independent lines of development.
1172 All objects are named by the SHA-1 hash of their contents, normally
1173 written as a string of 40 hex digits. Such names are globally unique.
1174 The entire history leading up to a commit can be vouched for by signing
1175 just that commit. A fourth object type, the tag, is provided for this
1178 When first created, objects are stored in individual files, but for
1179 efficiency may later be compressed together into "pack files".
1181 Named pointers called refs mark interesting points in history. A ref
1182 may contain the SHA-1 name of an object or the name of another ref. Refs
1183 with names beginning `ref/head/` contain the SHA-1 name of the most
1184 recent commit (or "head") of a branch under development. SHA-1 names of
1185 tags of interest are stored under `ref/tags/`. A special ref named
1186 `HEAD` contains the name of the currently checked-out branch.
1188 The index file is initialized with a list of all paths and, for each
1189 path, a blob object and a set of attributes. The blob object represents
1190 the contents of the file as of the head of the current branch. The
1191 attributes (last modified time, size, etc.) are taken from the
1192 corresponding file in the working tree. Subsequent changes to the
1193 working tree can be found by comparing these attributes. The index may
1194 be updated with new content, and new commits may be created from the
1195 content stored in the index.
1197 The index is also capable of storing multiple entries (called "stages")
1198 for a given pathname. These stages are used to hold the various
1199 unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress.
1201 FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
1202 ---------------------
1204 See the references in the "description" section to get started
1205 using Git. The following is probably more detail than necessary
1206 for a first-time user.
1208 The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[Git concepts chapter of the
1209 user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
1210 introductions to the underlying Git architecture.
1212 See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
1214 See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
1217 The internals are documented in the
1218 link:technical/api-index.html[Git API documentation].
1220 Users migrating from CVS may also want to
1221 read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
1226 Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
1227 C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the Git mailing list
1228 <git@vger.kernel.org>. http://www.openhub.net/p/git/contributors/summary
1229 gives you a more complete list of contributors.
1231 If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
1232 output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you
1233 the authors for specific parts of the project.
1238 Report bugs to the Git mailing list <git@vger.kernel.org> where the
1239 development and maintenance is primarily done. You do not have to be
1240 subscribed to the list to send a message there.
1244 linkgit:gittutorial[7], linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
1245 linkgit:giteveryday[7], linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
1246 linkgit:gitglossary[7], linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
1247 linkgit:gitcli[7], link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual],
1248 linkgit:gitworkflows[7]
1252 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite