2 * GIT - The information manager from hell
4 * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
9 #include "environment.h"
14 #include "parse-options.h"
19 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
20 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
23 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
24 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
26 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
29 #define GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DEFAULT_HASH"
31 static int init_is_bare_repository
= 0;
32 static int init_shared_repository
= -1;
34 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf
*path
, struct strbuf
*template_path
,
37 size_t path_baselen
= path
->len
;
38 size_t template_baselen
= template_path
->len
;
41 /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
42 * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
43 * cause "git init" to fail here. I think this is sane but
44 * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
45 * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
46 * be really carefully chosen.
48 safe_create_dir(path
->buf
, 1);
49 while ((de
= readdir(dir
)) != NULL
) {
50 struct stat st_git
, st_template
;
53 strbuf_setlen(path
, path_baselen
);
54 strbuf_setlen(template_path
, template_baselen
);
56 if (de
->d_name
[0] == '.')
58 strbuf_addstr(path
, de
->d_name
);
59 strbuf_addstr(template_path
, de
->d_name
);
60 if (lstat(path
->buf
, &st_git
)) {
62 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path
->buf
);
67 if (lstat(template_path
->buf
, &st_template
))
68 die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
70 if (S_ISDIR(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
71 DIR *subdir
= opendir(template_path
->buf
);
73 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
74 strbuf_addch(path
, '/');
75 strbuf_addch(template_path
, '/');
76 copy_templates_1(path
, template_path
, subdir
);
81 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
82 struct strbuf lnk
= STRBUF_INIT
;
83 if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk
, template_path
->buf
,
84 st_template
.st_size
) < 0)
85 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path
->buf
);
86 if (symlink(lnk
.buf
, path
->buf
))
87 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
91 else if (S_ISREG(st_template
.st_mode
)) {
92 if (copy_file(path
->buf
, template_path
->buf
, st_template
.st_mode
))
93 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
94 template_path
->buf
, path
->buf
);
97 error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path
->buf
);
101 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir
, const char *init_template_dir
)
103 struct strbuf path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
104 struct strbuf template_path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
106 struct repository_format template_format
= REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT
;
107 struct strbuf err
= STRBUF_INIT
;
109 char *to_free
= NULL
;
112 template_dir
= getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
);
114 template_dir
= init_template_dir
;
116 template_dir
= to_free
= system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
);
117 if (!template_dir
[0]) {
122 strbuf_addstr(&template_path
, template_dir
);
123 strbuf_complete(&template_path
, '/');
124 template_len
= template_path
.len
;
126 dir
= opendir(template_path
.buf
);
128 warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir
);
132 /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
133 strbuf_addstr(&template_path
, "config");
134 read_repository_format(&template_format
, template_path
.buf
);
135 strbuf_setlen(&template_path
, template_len
);
138 * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
141 if (template_format
.version
>= 0 &&
142 verify_repository_format(&template_format
, &err
) < 0) {
143 warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
144 template_dir
, err
.buf
);
145 strbuf_release(&err
);
146 goto close_free_return
;
149 strbuf_addstr(&path
, get_git_common_dir());
150 strbuf_complete(&path
, '/');
151 copy_templates_1(&path
, &template_path
, dir
);
156 strbuf_release(&path
);
157 strbuf_release(&template_path
);
158 clear_repository_format(&template_format
);
162 * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
163 * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
165 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir
, const char *work_tree
)
167 if (!strcmp(work_tree
, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir
, "/.git"))
169 if (skip_prefix(git_dir
, work_tree
, &git_dir
) &&
170 !strcmp(git_dir
, "/.git"))
175 void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo
, int reinit
)
177 char repo_version_string
[10];
178 int repo_version
= GIT_REPO_VERSION
;
180 if (hash_algo
!= GIT_HASH_SHA1
)
181 repo_version
= GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ
;
183 /* This forces creation of new config file */
184 xsnprintf(repo_version_string
, sizeof(repo_version_string
),
186 git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string
);
188 if (hash_algo
!= GIT_HASH_SHA1
)
189 git_config_set("extensions.objectformat",
190 hash_algos
[hash_algo
].name
);
192 git_config_set_gently("extensions.objectformat", NULL
);
195 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path
,
196 const char *original_git_dir
,
197 const char *initial_branch
,
198 const struct repository_format
*fmt
,
202 struct strbuf buf
= STRBUF_INIT
;
207 struct strbuf err
= STRBUF_INIT
;
208 const char *init_template_dir
= NULL
;
209 const char *work_tree
= get_git_work_tree();
212 * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
213 * config file there, in which case we would want to read
214 * from it after installing.
216 * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
217 * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
220 git_config_get_pathname("init.templatedir", &init_template_dir
);
221 copy_templates(template_path
, init_template_dir
);
222 free((char *)init_template_dir
);
224 reset_shared_repository();
225 git_config(git_default_config
, NULL
);
228 * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
229 * values we might have just re-read from the config.
231 is_bare_repository_cfg
= init_is_bare_repository
|| !work_tree
;
232 if (init_shared_repository
!= -1)
233 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository
);
236 * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
237 * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
239 if (get_shared_repository()) {
240 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
244 * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
245 * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
247 safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
248 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
250 if (refs_init_db(&err
))
251 die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err
.buf
);
254 * Point the HEAD symref to the initial branch with if HEAD does
257 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "HEAD");
258 reinit
= (!access(path
, R_OK
)
259 || readlink(path
, junk
, sizeof(junk
)-1) != -1);
264 initial_branch
= git_default_branch_name(quiet
);
266 ref
= xstrfmt("refs/heads/%s", initial_branch
);
267 if (check_refname_format(ref
, 0) < 0)
268 die(_("invalid initial branch name: '%s'"),
271 if (create_symref("HEAD", ref
, NULL
) < 0)
276 initialize_repository_version(fmt
->hash_algo
, 0);
278 /* Check filemode trustability */
279 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "config");
280 filemode
= TEST_FILEMODE
;
281 if (TEST_FILEMODE
&& !lstat(path
, &st1
)) {
283 filemode
= (!chmod(path
, st1
.st_mode
^ S_IXUSR
) &&
284 !lstat(path
, &st2
) &&
285 st1
.st_mode
!= st2
.st_mode
&&
286 !chmod(path
, st1
.st_mode
));
287 if (filemode
&& !reinit
&& (st1
.st_mode
& S_IXUSR
))
290 git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode
? "true" : "false");
292 if (is_bare_repository())
293 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
295 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
296 /* allow template config file to override the default */
297 if (log_all_ref_updates
== LOG_REFS_UNSET
)
298 git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
299 if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir
, work_tree
))
300 git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree
);
304 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
305 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "tXXXXXX");
306 if (!close(xmkstemp(path
)) &&
308 !symlink("testing", path
) &&
309 !lstat(path
, &st1
) &&
310 S_ISLNK(st1
.st_mode
))
311 unlink(path
); /* good */
313 git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
315 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
316 path
= git_path_buf(&buf
, "CoNfIg");
317 if (!access(path
, F_OK
))
318 git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
319 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
322 strbuf_release(&buf
);
326 static void create_object_directory(void)
328 struct strbuf path
= STRBUF_INIT
;
331 strbuf_addstr(&path
, get_object_directory());
334 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
336 strbuf_setlen(&path
, baselen
);
337 strbuf_addstr(&path
, "/pack");
338 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
340 strbuf_setlen(&path
, baselen
);
341 strbuf_addstr(&path
, "/info");
342 safe_create_dir(path
.buf
, 1);
344 strbuf_release(&path
);
347 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir
, const char *git_link
)
351 if (!stat(git_link
, &st
)) {
354 if (S_ISREG(st
.st_mode
))
355 src
= read_gitfile(git_link
);
356 else if (S_ISDIR(st
.st_mode
))
359 die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st
.st_mode
);
361 if (rename(src
, git_dir
))
362 die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src
, git_dir
);
363 repair_worktrees(NULL
, NULL
);
366 write_file(git_link
, "gitdir: %s", git_dir
);
369 static void validate_hash_algorithm(struct repository_format
*repo_fmt
, int hash
)
371 const char *env
= getenv(GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT
);
373 * If we already have an initialized repo, don't allow the user to
374 * specify a different algorithm, as that could cause corruption.
375 * Otherwise, if the user has specified one on the command line, use it.
377 if (repo_fmt
->version
>= 0 && hash
!= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
&& hash
!= repo_fmt
->hash_algo
)
378 die(_("attempt to reinitialize repository with different hash"));
379 else if (hash
!= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
380 repo_fmt
->hash_algo
= hash
;
382 int env_algo
= hash_algo_by_name(env
);
383 if (env_algo
== GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
384 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), env
);
385 repo_fmt
->hash_algo
= env_algo
;
389 int init_db(const char *git_dir
, const char *real_git_dir
,
390 const char *template_dir
, int hash
, const char *initial_branch
,
394 int exist_ok
= flags
& INIT_DB_EXIST_OK
;
395 char *original_git_dir
= real_pathdup(git_dir
, 1);
396 struct repository_format repo_fmt
= REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT
;
401 if (!exist_ok
&& !stat(git_dir
, &st
))
402 die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir
);
404 if (!exist_ok
&& !stat(real_git_dir
, &st
))
405 die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir
);
407 set_git_dir(real_git_dir
, 1);
408 git_dir
= get_git_dir();
409 separate_git_dir(git_dir
, original_git_dir
);
412 set_git_dir(git_dir
, 1);
413 git_dir
= get_git_dir();
415 startup_info
->have_repository
= 1;
417 /* Ensure `core.hidedotfiles` is processed */
418 git_config(platform_core_config
, NULL
);
420 safe_create_dir(git_dir
, 0);
422 init_is_bare_repository
= is_bare_repository();
424 /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
425 * Note that a newly created repository does not have
426 * config file, so this will not fail. What we are catching
427 * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
429 check_repository_format(&repo_fmt
);
431 validate_hash_algorithm(&repo_fmt
, hash
);
433 reinit
= create_default_files(template_dir
, original_git_dir
,
434 initial_branch
, &repo_fmt
,
435 flags
& INIT_DB_QUIET
);
436 if (reinit
&& initial_branch
)
437 warning(_("re-init: ignored --initial-branch=%s"),
440 create_object_directory();
442 if (get_shared_repository()) {
444 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
445 * the configuration can be read by older version
446 * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
447 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
450 if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
451 /* force to the mode value */
452 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
453 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP
)
454 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP
);
455 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY
)
456 xsnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY
);
458 BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
459 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf
);
460 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
463 if (!(flags
& INIT_DB_QUIET
)) {
464 int len
= strlen(git_dir
);
467 printf(get_shared_repository()
468 ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
469 : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
470 git_dir
, len
&& git_dir
[len
-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
472 printf(get_shared_repository()
473 ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
474 : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
475 git_dir
, len
&& git_dir
[len
-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
478 free(original_git_dir
);
482 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir
)
489 * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
490 * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
492 if (!strcmp(".", git_dir
))
495 cwd_is_git_dir
= !strcmp(git_dir
, cwd
);
500 * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
502 if (!strcmp(git_dir
, ".git"))
504 slash
= strrchr(git_dir
, '/');
505 if (slash
&& !strcmp(slash
, "/.git"))
509 * Otherwise it is often bare. At this point
510 * we are just guessing.
515 static int shared_callback(const struct option
*opt
, const char *arg
, int unset
)
517 BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset
);
518 *((int *) opt
->value
) = (arg
) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg
) : PERM_GROUP
;
522 static const char *const init_db_usage
[] = {
523 N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>]\n"
524 " [--separate-git-dir <git-dir>] [--object-format=<format>]\n"
525 " [-b <branch-name> | --initial-branch=<branch-name>]\n"
526 " [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
531 * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
532 * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
533 * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
534 * be the judge. The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
536 int cmd_init_db(int argc
, const char **argv
, const char *prefix
)
539 const char *real_git_dir
= NULL
;
540 const char *work_tree
;
541 const char *template_dir
= NULL
;
542 unsigned int flags
= 0;
543 const char *object_format
= NULL
;
544 const char *initial_branch
= NULL
;
545 int hash_algo
= GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
;
546 const struct option init_db_options
[] = {
547 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir
, N_("template-directory"),
548 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
549 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg
,
550 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
551 { OPTION_CALLBACK
, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository
,
553 N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
554 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG
| PARSE_OPT_NONEG
, shared_callback
, 0},
555 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags
, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET
),
556 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir
, N_("gitdir"),
557 N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
558 OPT_STRING('b', "initial-branch", &initial_branch
, N_("name"),
559 N_("override the name of the initial branch")),
560 OPT_STRING(0, "object-format", &object_format
, N_("hash"),
561 N_("specify the hash algorithm to use")),
565 argc
= parse_options(argc
, argv
, prefix
, init_db_options
, init_db_usage
, 0);
567 if (real_git_dir
&& is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1)
568 die(_("options '%s' and '%s' cannot be used together"), "--separate-git-dir", "--bare");
570 if (real_git_dir
&& !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir
))
571 real_git_dir
= real_pathdup(real_git_dir
, 1);
573 if (template_dir
&& *template_dir
&& !is_absolute_path(template_dir
)) {
574 template_dir
= absolute_pathdup(template_dir
);
575 UNLEAK(template_dir
);
581 if (chdir(argv
[0]) < 0) {
585 * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
586 * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
587 * but just in case we play safe.
589 saved
= get_shared_repository();
590 set_shared_repository(0);
591 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv
[0])) {
599 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv
[0]);
602 set_shared_repository(saved
);
603 if (mkdir(argv
[0], 0777) < 0)
604 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv
[0]);
608 die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv
[0]);
610 } else if (0 < argc
) {
611 usage(init_db_usage
[0]);
613 if (is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1) {
614 char *cwd
= xgetcwd();
615 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
, cwd
, argc
> 0);
620 hash_algo
= hash_algo_by_name(object_format
);
621 if (hash_algo
== GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN
)
622 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), object_format
);
625 if (init_shared_repository
!= -1)
626 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository
);
629 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
630 * without --bare. Catch the error early.
632 git_dir
= xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
));
633 work_tree
= xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT
));
634 if ((!git_dir
|| is_bare_repository_cfg
== 1) && work_tree
)
635 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
636 "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
637 GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT
,
638 GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
);
641 * Set up the default .git directory contents
644 git_dir
= DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT
;
647 * When --separate-git-dir is used inside a linked worktree, take
648 * care to ensure that the common .git/ directory is relocated, not
649 * the worktree-specific .git/worktrees/<id>/ directory.
654 struct strbuf sb
= STRBUF_INIT
;
656 p
= read_gitfile_gently(git_dir
, &err
);
657 if (p
&& get_common_dir(&sb
, p
)) {
658 struct strbuf mainwt
= STRBUF_INIT
;
660 strbuf_addbuf(&mainwt
, &sb
);
661 strbuf_strip_suffix(&mainwt
, "/.git");
662 if (chdir(mainwt
.buf
) < 0)
663 die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), mainwt
.buf
);
664 strbuf_release(&mainwt
);
665 git_dir
= strbuf_detach(&sb
, NULL
);
670 if (is_bare_repository_cfg
< 0)
671 is_bare_repository_cfg
= guess_repository_type(git_dir
);
673 if (!is_bare_repository_cfg
) {
674 const char *git_dir_parent
= strrchr(git_dir
, '/');
675 if (git_dir_parent
) {
676 char *rel
= xstrndup(git_dir
, git_dir_parent
- git_dir
);
677 git_work_tree_cfg
= real_pathdup(rel
, 1);
680 if (!git_work_tree_cfg
)
681 git_work_tree_cfg
= xgetcwd();
683 set_git_work_tree(work_tree
);
685 set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg
);
686 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK
))
687 die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
688 get_git_work_tree());
692 die(_("--separate-git-dir incompatible with bare repository"));
694 set_git_work_tree(work_tree
);
697 UNLEAK(real_git_dir
);
701 flags
|= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK
;
702 return init_db(git_dir
, real_git_dir
, template_dir
, hash_algo
,
703 initial_branch
, flags
);