git-send-email.perl

   1 #!/usr/bin/perl
   2 #
   3 # Copyright 2002,2005 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
   4 # Copyright 2005 Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
   5 #
   6 # GPL v2 (See COPYING)
   7 #
   8 # Ported to support git "mbox" format files by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
   9 #
  10 # Sends a collection of emails to the given email addresses, disturbingly fast.
  11 #
  12 # Supports two formats:
  13 # 1. mbox format files (ignoring most headers and MIME formatting - this is designed for sending patches)
  14 # 2. The original format support by Greg's script:
  15 #    first line of the message is who to CC,
  16 #    and second line is the subject of the message.
  17 #
  18
  19 use 5.008;
  20 use strict;
  21 use warnings;
  22 use POSIX qw/strftime/;
  23 use Term::ReadLine;
  24 use Getopt::Long;
  25 use Text::ParseWords;
  26 use Term::ANSIColor;
  27 use File::Temp qw/ tempdir tempfile /;
  28 use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile);
  29 use Error qw(:try);
  30 use Git;
  31
  32 Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
  33
  34 package FakeTerm;
  35 sub new {
  36         my ($class, $reason) = @_;
  37         return bless \$reason, shift;
  38 }
  39 sub readline {
  40         my $self = shift;
  41         die "Cannot use readline on FakeTerm: $$self";
  42 }
  43 package main;
  44
  45
  46 sub usage {
  47         print <<EOT;
  48 git send-email [options] <file | directory | rev-list options >
  49 git send-email --dump-aliases
  50
  51   Composing:
  52     --from                  <str>  * Email From:
  53     --[no-]to               <str>  * Email To:
  54     --[no-]cc               <str>  * Email Cc:
  55     --[no-]bcc              <str>  * Email Bcc:
  56     --subject               <str>  * Email "Subject:"
  57     --in-reply-to           <str>  * Email "In-Reply-To:"
  58     --[no-]xmailer                 * Add "X-Mailer:" header (default).
  59     --[no-]annotate                * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
  60     --compose                      * Open an editor for introduction.
  61     --compose-encoding      <str>  * Encoding to assume for introduction.
  62     --8bit-encoding         <str>  * Encoding to assume 8bit mails if undeclared
  63     --transfer-encoding     <str>  * Transfer encoding to use (quoted-printable, 8bit, base64)
  64
  65   Sending:
  66     --envelope-sender       <str>  * Email envelope sender.
  67     --smtp-server       <str:int>  * Outgoing SMTP server to use. The port
  68                                      is optional. Default 'localhost'.
  69     --smtp-server-option    <str>  * Outgoing SMTP server option to use.
  70     --smtp-server-port      <int>  * Outgoing SMTP server port.
  71     --smtp-user             <str>  * Username for SMTP-AUTH.
  72     --smtp-pass             <str>  * Password for SMTP-AUTH; not necessary.
  73     --smtp-encryption       <str>  * tls or ssl; anything else disables.
  74     --smtp-ssl                     * Deprecated. Use '--smtp-encryption ssl'.
  75     --smtp-ssl-cert-path    <str>  * Path to ca-certificates (either directory or file).
  76                                      Pass an empty string to disable certificate
  77                                      verification.
  78     --smtp-domain           <str>  * The domain name sent to HELO/EHLO handshake
  79     --smtp-auth             <str>  * Space-separated list of allowed AUTH mechanisms.
  80                                      This setting forces to use one of the listed mechanisms.
  81     --smtp-debug            <0|1>  * Disable, enable Net::SMTP debug.
  82
  83   Automating:
  84     --identity              <str>  * Use the sendemail.<id> options.
  85     --to-cmd                <str>  * Email To: via `<str> \$patch_path`
  86     --cc-cmd                <str>  * Email Cc: via `<str> \$patch_path`
  87     --suppress-cc           <str>  * author, self, sob, cc, cccmd, body, bodycc, all.
  88     --[no-]cc-cover                * Email Cc: addresses in the cover letter.
  89     --[no-]to-cover                * Email To: addresses in the cover letter.
  90     --[no-]signed-off-by-cc        * Send to Signed-off-by: addresses. Default on.
  91     --[no-]suppress-from           * Send to self. Default off.
  92     --[no-]chain-reply-to          * Chain In-Reply-To: fields. Default off.
  93     --[no-]thread                  * Use In-Reply-To: field. Default on.
  94
  95   Administering:
  96     --confirm               <str>  * Confirm recipients before sending;
  97                                      auto, cc, compose, always, or never.
  98     --quiet                        * Output one line of info per email.
  99     --dry-run                      * Don't actually send the emails.
 100     --[no-]validate                * Perform patch sanity checks. Default on.
 101     --[no-]format-patch            * understand any non optional arguments as
 102                                      `git format-patch` ones.
 103     --force                        * Send even if safety checks would prevent it.
 104
 105   Information:
 106     --dump-aliases                 * Dump configured aliases and exit.
 107
 108 EOT
 109         exit(1);
 110 }
 111
 112 # most mail servers generate the Date: header, but not all...
 113 sub format_2822_time {
 114         my ($time) = @_;
 115         my @localtm = localtime($time);
 116         my @gmttm = gmtime($time);
 117         my $localmin = $localtm[1] + $localtm[2] * 60;
 118         my $gmtmin = $gmttm[1] + $gmttm[2] * 60;
 119         if ($localtm[0] != $gmttm[0]) {
 120                 die "local zone differs from GMT by a non-minute interval\n";
 121         }
 122         if ((($gmttm[6] + 1) % 7) == $localtm[6]) {
 123                 $localmin += 1440;
 124         } elsif ((($gmttm[6] - 1) % 7) == $localtm[6]) {
 125                 $localmin -= 1440;
 126         } elsif ($gmttm[6] != $localtm[6]) {
 127                 die "local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n";
 128         }
 129         my $offset = $localmin - $gmtmin;
 130         my $offhour = $offset / 60;
 131         my $offmin = abs($offset % 60);
 132         if (abs($offhour) >= 24) {
 133                 die ("local time offset greater than or equal to 24 hours\n");
 134         }
 135
 136         return sprintf("%s, %2d %s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %s%02d%02d",
 137                        qw(Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat)[$localtm[6]],
 138                        $localtm[3],
 139                        qw(Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
 140                           Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec)[$localtm[4]],
 141                        $localtm[5]+1900,
 142                        $localtm[2],
 143                        $localtm[1],
 144                        $localtm[0],
 145                        ($offset >= 0) ? '+' : '-',
 146                        abs($offhour),
 147                        $offmin,
 148                        );
 149 }
 150
 151 my $have_email_valid = eval { require Email::Valid; 1 };
 152 my $have_mail_address = eval { require Mail::Address; 1 };
 153 my $smtp;
 154 my $auth;
 155
 156 # Regexes for RFC 2047 productions.
 157 my $re_token = qr/[^][()<>@,;:\\"\/?.= \000-\037\177-\377]+/;
 158 my $re_encoded_text = qr/[^? \000-\037\177-\377]+/;
 159 my $re_encoded_word = qr/=\?($re_token)\?($re_token)\?($re_encoded_text)\?=/;
 160
 161 # Variables we fill in automatically, or via prompting:
 162 my (@to,$no_to,@initial_to,@cc,$no_cc,@initial_cc,@bcclist,$no_bcc,@xh,
 163         $initial_reply_to,$initial_subject,@files,
 164         $author,$sender,$smtp_authpass,$annotate,$use_xmailer,$compose,$time);
 165
 166 my $envelope_sender;
 167
 168 # Example reply to:
 169 #$initial_reply_to = ''; #<20050203173208.GA23964@foobar.com>';
 170
 171 my $repo = eval { Git->repository() };
 172 my @repo = $repo ? ($repo) : ();
 173 my $term = eval {
 174         $ENV{"GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY"}
 175                 ? new Term::ReadLine 'git-send-email', \*STDIN, \*STDOUT
 176                 : new Term::ReadLine 'git-send-email';
 177 };
 178 if ($@) {
 179         $term = new FakeTerm "$@: going non-interactive";
 180 }
 181
 182 # Behavior modification variables
 183 my ($quiet, $dry_run) = (0, 0);
 184 my $format_patch;
 185 my $compose_filename;
 186 my $force = 0;
 187 my $dump_aliases = 0;
 188
 189 # Handle interactive edition of files.
 190 my $multiedit;
 191 my $editor;
 192
 193 sub do_edit {
 194         if (!defined($editor)) {
 195                 $editor = Git::command_oneline('var', 'GIT_EDITOR');
 196         }
 197         if (defined($multiedit) && !$multiedit) {
 198                 map {
 199                         system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, $_);
 200                         if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
 201                                 die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
 202                         }
 203                 } @_;
 204         } else {
 205                 system('sh', '-c', $editor.' "$@"', $editor, @_);
 206                 if (($? & 127) || ($? >> 8)) {
 207                         die("the editor exited uncleanly, aborting everything");
 208                 }
 209         }
 210 }
 211
 212 # Variables with corresponding config settings
 213 my ($thread, $chain_reply_to, $suppress_from, $signed_off_by_cc);
 214 my ($cover_cc, $cover_to);
 215 my ($to_cmd, $cc_cmd);
 216 my ($smtp_server, $smtp_server_port, @smtp_server_options);
 217 my ($smtp_authuser, $smtp_encryption, $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
 218 my ($identity, $aliasfiletype, @alias_files, $smtp_domain, $smtp_auth);
 219 my ($validate, $confirm);
 220 my (@suppress_cc);
 221 my ($auto_8bit_encoding);
 222 my ($compose_encoding);
 223 my ($target_xfer_encoding);
 224
 225 my ($debug_net_smtp) = 0;               # Net::SMTP, see send_message()
 226
 227 my %config_bool_settings = (
 228     "thread" => [\$thread, 1],
 229     "chainreplyto" => [\$chain_reply_to, 0],
 230     "suppressfrom" => [\$suppress_from, undef],
 231     "signedoffbycc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],
 232     "cccover" => [\$cover_cc, undef],
 233     "tocover" => [\$cover_to, undef],
 234     "signedoffcc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],      # Deprecated
 235     "validate" => [\$validate, 1],
 236     "multiedit" => [\$multiedit, undef],
 237     "annotate" => [\$annotate, undef],
 238     "xmailer" => [\$use_xmailer, 1]
 239 );
 240
 241 my %config_settings = (
 242     "smtpserver" => \$smtp_server,
 243     "smtpserverport" => \$smtp_server_port,
 244     "smtpserveroption" => \@smtp_server_options,
 245     "smtpuser" => \$smtp_authuser,
 246     "smtppass" => \$smtp_authpass,
 247     "smtpdomain" => \$smtp_domain,
 248     "smtpauth" => \$smtp_auth,
 249     "to" => \@initial_to,
 250     "tocmd" => \$to_cmd,
 251     "cc" => \@initial_cc,
 252     "cccmd" => \$cc_cmd,
 253     "aliasfiletype" => \$aliasfiletype,
 254     "bcc" => \@bcclist,
 255     "suppresscc" => \@suppress_cc,
 256     "envelopesender" => \$envelope_sender,
 257     "confirm"   => \$confirm,
 258     "from" => \$sender,
 259     "assume8bitencoding" => \$auto_8bit_encoding,
 260     "composeencoding" => \$compose_encoding,
 261     "transferencoding" => \$target_xfer_encoding,
 262 );
 263
 264 my %config_path_settings = (
 265     "aliasesfile" => \@alias_files,
 266     "smtpsslcertpath" => \$smtp_ssl_cert_path,
 267 );
 268
 269 # Handle Uncouth Termination
 270 sub signal_handler {
 271
 272         # Make text normal
 273         print color("reset"), "\n";
 274
 275         # SMTP password masked
 276         system "stty echo";
 277
 278         # tmp files from --compose
 279         if (defined $compose_filename) {
 280                 if (-e $compose_filename) {
 281                         print "'$compose_filename' contains an intermediate version of the email you were composing.\n";
 282                 }
 283                 if (-e ($compose_filename . ".final")) {
 284                         print "'$compose_filename.final' contains the composed email.\n"
 285                 }
 286         }
 287
 288         exit;
 289 };
 290
 291 $SIG{TERM} = \&signal_handler;
 292 $SIG{INT}  = \&signal_handler;
 293
 294 # Begin by accumulating all the variables (defined above), that we will end up
 295 # needing, first, from the command line:
 296
 297 my $help;
 298 my $rc = GetOptions("h" => \$help,
 299                     "dump-aliases" => \$dump_aliases);
 300 usage() unless $rc;
 301 die "--dump-aliases incompatible with other options\n"
 302     if !$help and $dump_aliases and @ARGV;
 303 $rc = GetOptions(
 304                     "sender|from=s" => \$sender,
 305                     "in-reply-to=s" => \$initial_reply_to,
 306                     "subject=s" => \$initial_subject,
 307                     "to=s" => \@initial_to,
 308                     "to-cmd=s" => \$to_cmd,
 309                     "no-to" => \$no_to,
 310                     "cc=s" => \@initial_cc,
 311                     "no-cc" => \$no_cc,
 312                     "bcc=s" => \@bcclist,
 313                     "no-bcc" => \$no_bcc,
 314                     "chain-reply-to!" => \$chain_reply_to,
 315                     "no-chain-reply-to" => sub {$chain_reply_to = 0},
 316                     "smtp-server=s" => \$smtp_server,
 317                     "smtp-server-option=s" => \@smtp_server_options,
 318                     "smtp-server-port=s" => \$smtp_server_port,
 319                     "smtp-user=s" => \$smtp_authuser,
 320                     "smtp-pass:s" => \$smtp_authpass,
 321                     "smtp-ssl" => sub { $smtp_encryption = 'ssl' },
 322                     "smtp-encryption=s" => \$smtp_encryption,
 323                     "smtp-ssl-cert-path=s" => \$smtp_ssl_cert_path,
 324                     "smtp-debug:i" => \$debug_net_smtp,
 325                     "smtp-domain:s" => \$smtp_domain,
 326                     "smtp-auth=s" => \$smtp_auth,
 327                     "identity=s" => \$identity,
 328                     "annotate!" => \$annotate,
 329                     "no-annotate" => sub {$annotate = 0},
 330                     "compose" => \$compose,
 331                     "quiet" => \$quiet,
 332                     "cc-cmd=s" => \$cc_cmd,
 333                     "suppress-from!" => \$suppress_from,
 334                     "no-suppress-from" => sub {$suppress_from = 0},
 335                     "suppress-cc=s" => \@suppress_cc,
 336                     "signed-off-cc|signed-off-by-cc!" => \$signed_off_by_cc,
 337                     "no-signed-off-cc|no-signed-off-by-cc" => sub {$signed_off_by_cc = 0},
 338                     "cc-cover|cc-cover!" => \$cover_cc,
 339                     "no-cc-cover" => sub {$cover_cc = 0},
 340                     "to-cover|to-cover!" => \$cover_to,
 341                     "no-to-cover" => sub {$cover_to = 0},
 342                     "confirm=s" => \$confirm,
 343                     "dry-run" => \$dry_run,
 344                     "envelope-sender=s" => \$envelope_sender,
 345                     "thread!" => \$thread,
 346                     "no-thread" => sub {$thread = 0},
 347                     "validate!" => \$validate,
 348                     "no-validate" => sub {$validate = 0},
 349                     "transfer-encoding=s" => \$target_xfer_encoding,
 350                     "format-patch!" => \$format_patch,
 351                     "no-format-patch" => sub {$format_patch = 0},
 352                     "8bit-encoding=s" => \$auto_8bit_encoding,
 353                     "compose-encoding=s" => \$compose_encoding,
 354                     "force" => \$force,
 355                     "xmailer!" => \$use_xmailer,
 356                     "no-xmailer" => sub {$use_xmailer = 0},
 357          );
 358
 359 usage() if $help;
 360 unless ($rc) {
 361     usage();
 362 }
 363
 364 die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
 365         if $format_patch and not $repo;
 366
 367 # Now, let's fill any that aren't set in with defaults:
 368
 369 sub read_config {
 370         my ($prefix) = @_;
 371
 372         foreach my $setting (keys %config_bool_settings) {
 373                 my $target = $config_bool_settings{$setting}->[0];
 374                 $$target = Git::config_bool(@repo, "$prefix.$setting") unless (defined $$target);
 375         }
 376
 377         foreach my $setting (keys %config_path_settings) {
 378                 my $target = $config_path_settings{$setting};
 379                 if (ref($target) eq "ARRAY") {
 380                         unless (@$target) {
 381                                 my @values = Git::config_path(@repo, "$prefix.$setting");
 382                                 @$target = @values if (@values && defined $values[0]);
 383                         }
 384                 }
 385                 else {
 386                         $$target = Git::config_path(@repo, "$prefix.$setting") unless (defined $$target);
 387                 }
 388         }
 389
 390         foreach my $setting (keys %config_settings) {
 391                 my $target = $config_settings{$setting};
 392                 next if $setting eq "to" and defined $no_to;
 393                 next if $setting eq "cc" and defined $no_cc;
 394                 next if $setting eq "bcc" and defined $no_bcc;
 395                 if (ref($target) eq "ARRAY") {
 396                         unless (@$target) {
 397                                 my @values = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.$setting");
 398                                 @$target = @values if (@values && defined $values[0]);
 399                         }
 400                 }
 401                 else {
 402                         $$target = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.$setting") unless (defined $$target);
 403                 }
 404         }
 405
 406         if (!defined $smtp_encryption) {
 407                 my $enc = Git::config(@repo, "$prefix.smtpencryption");
 408                 if (defined $enc) {
 409                         $smtp_encryption = $enc;
 410                 } elsif (Git::config_bool(@repo, "$prefix.smtpssl")) {
 411                         $smtp_encryption = 'ssl';
 412                 }
 413         }
 414 }
 415
 416 # read configuration from [sendemail "$identity"], fall back on [sendemail]
 417 $identity = Git::config(@repo, "sendemail.identity") unless (defined $identity);
 418 read_config("sendemail.$identity") if (defined $identity);
 419 read_config("sendemail");
 420
 421 # fall back on builtin bool defaults
 422 foreach my $setting (values %config_bool_settings) {
 423         ${$setting->[0]} = $setting->[1] unless (defined (${$setting->[0]}));
 424 }
 425
 426 # 'default' encryption is none -- this only prevents a warning
 427 $smtp_encryption = '' unless (defined $smtp_encryption);
 428
 429 # Set CC suppressions
 430 my(%suppress_cc);
 431 if (@suppress_cc) {
 432         foreach my $entry (@suppress_cc) {
 433                 die "Unknown --suppress-cc field: '$entry'\n"
 434                         unless $entry =~ /^(?:all|cccmd|cc|author|self|sob|body|bodycc)$/;
 435                 $suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 436         }
 437 }
 438
 439 if ($suppress_cc{'all'}) {
 440         foreach my $entry (qw (cccmd cc author self sob body bodycc)) {
 441                 $suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 442         }
 443         delete $suppress_cc{'all'};
 444 }
 445
 446 # If explicit old-style ones are specified, they trump --suppress-cc.
 447 $suppress_cc{'self'} = $suppress_from if defined $suppress_from;
 448 $suppress_cc{'sob'} = !$signed_off_by_cc if defined $signed_off_by_cc;
 449
 450 if ($suppress_cc{'body'}) {
 451         foreach my $entry (qw (sob bodycc)) {
 452                 $suppress_cc{$entry} = 1;
 453         }
 454         delete $suppress_cc{'body'};
 455 }
 456
 457 # Set confirm's default value
 458 my $confirm_unconfigured = !defined $confirm;
 459 if ($confirm_unconfigured) {
 460         $confirm = scalar %suppress_cc ? 'compose' : 'auto';
 461 };
 462 die "Unknown --confirm setting: '$confirm'\n"
 463         unless $confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc|compose|always|never)/;
 464
 465 # Debugging, print out the suppressions.
 466 if (0) {
 467         print "suppressions:\n";
 468         foreach my $entry (keys %suppress_cc) {
 469                 printf "  %-5s -> $suppress_cc{$entry}\n", $entry;
 470         }
 471 }
 472
 473 my ($repoauthor, $repocommitter);
 474 ($repoauthor) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'author');
 475 ($repocommitter) = Git::ident_person(@repo, 'committer');
 476
 477 sub parse_address_line {
 478         if ($have_mail_address) {
 479                 return map { $_->format } Mail::Address->parse($_[0]);
 480         } else {
 481                 return Git::parse_mailboxes($_[0]);
 482         }
 483 }
 484
 485 sub split_addrs {
 486         return quotewords('\s*,\s*', 1, @_);
 487 }
 488
 489 my %aliases;
 490
 491 sub parse_sendmail_alias {
 492         local $_ = shift;
 493         if (/"/) {
 494                 print STDERR "warning: sendmail alias with quotes is not supported: $_\n";
 495         } elsif (/:include:/) {
 496                 print STDERR "warning: `:include:` not supported: $_\n";
 497         } elsif (/[\/|]/) {
 498                 print STDERR "warning: `/file` or `|pipe` redirection not supported: $_\n";
 499         } elsif (/^(\S+?)\s*:\s*(.+)$/) {
 500                 my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 501                 $aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 502         } else {
 503                 print STDERR "warning: sendmail line is not recognized: $_\n";
 504         }
 505 }
 506
 507 sub parse_sendmail_aliases {
 508         my $fh = shift;
 509         my $s = '';
 510         while (<$fh>) {
 511                 chomp;
 512                 next if /^\s*$/ || /^\s*#/;
 513                 $s .= $_, next if $s =~ s/\\$// || s/^\s+//;
 514                 parse_sendmail_alias($s) if $s;
 515                 $s = $_;
 516         }
 517         $s =~ s/\\$//; # silently tolerate stray '\' on last line
 518         parse_sendmail_alias($s) if $s;
 519 }
 520
 521 my %parse_alias = (
 522         # multiline formats can be supported in the future
 523         mutt => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 524                 if (/^\s*alias\s+(?:-group\s+\S+\s+)*(\S+)\s+(.*)$/) {
 525                         my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 526                         $addr =~ s/#.*$//; # mutt allows # comments
 527                         # commas delimit multiple addresses
 528                         my @addr = split_addrs($addr);
 529
 530                         # quotes may be escaped in the file,
 531                         # unescape them so we do not double-escape them later.
 532                         s/\\"/"/g foreach @addr;
 533                         $aliases{$alias} = \@addr
 534                 }}},
 535         mailrc => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 536                 if (/^alias\s+(\S+)\s+(.*?)\s*$/) {
 537                         # spaces delimit multiple addresses
 538                         $aliases{$1} = [ quotewords('\s+', 0, $2) ];
 539                 }}},
 540         pine => sub { my $fh = shift; my $f='\t[^\t]*';
 541                 for (my $x = ''; defined($x); $x = $_) {
 542                         chomp $x;
 543                         $x .= $1 while(defined($_ = <$fh>) && /^ +(.*)$/);
 544                         $x =~ /^(\S+)$f\t\(?([^\t]+?)\)?(:?$f){0,2}$/ or next;
 545                         $aliases{$1} = [ split_addrs($2) ];
 546                 }},
 547         elm => sub  { my $fh = shift;
 548                       while (<$fh>) {
 549                           if (/^(\S+)\s+=\s+[^=]+=\s(\S+)/) {
 550                               my ($alias, $addr) = ($1, $2);
 551                                $aliases{$alias} = [ split_addrs($addr) ];
 552                           }
 553                       } },
 554         sendmail => \&parse_sendmail_aliases,
 555         gnus => sub { my $fh = shift; while (<$fh>) {
 556                 if (/\(define-mail-alias\s+"(\S+?)"\s+"(\S+?)"\)/) {
 557                         $aliases{$1} = [ $2 ];
 558                 }}}
 559 );
 560
 561 if (@alias_files and $aliasfiletype and defined $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}) {
 562         foreach my $file (@alias_files) {
 563                 open my $fh, '<', $file or die "opening $file: $!\n";
 564                 $parse_alias{$aliasfiletype}->($fh);
 565                 close $fh;
 566         }
 567 }
 568
 569 if ($dump_aliases) {
 570     print "$_\n" for (sort keys %aliases);
 571     exit(0);
 572 }
 573
 574 # is_format_patch_arg($f) returns 0 if $f names a patch, or 1 if
 575 # $f is a revision list specification to be passed to format-patch.
 576 sub is_format_patch_arg {
 577         return unless $repo;
 578         my $f = shift;
 579         try {
 580                 $repo->command('rev-parse', '--verify', '--quiet', $f);
 581                 if (defined($format_patch)) {
 582                         return $format_patch;
 583                 }
 584                 die(<<EOF);
 585 File '$f' exists but it could also be the range of commits
 586 to produce patches for.  Please disambiguate by...
 587
 588     * Saying "./$f" if you mean a file; or
 589     * Giving --format-patch option if you mean a range.
 590 EOF
 591         } catch Git::Error::Command with {
 592                 # Not a valid revision.  Treat it as a filename.
 593                 return 0;
 594         }
 595 }
 596
 597 # Now that all the defaults are set, process the rest of the command line
 598 # arguments and collect up the files that need to be processed.
 599 my @rev_list_opts;
 600 while (defined(my $f = shift @ARGV)) {
 601         if ($f eq "--") {
 602                 push @rev_list_opts, "--", @ARGV;
 603                 @ARGV = ();
 604         } elsif (-d $f and !is_format_patch_arg($f)) {
 605                 opendir my $dh, $f
 606                         or die "Failed to opendir $f: $!";
 607
 608                 push @files, grep { -f $_ } map { catfile($f, $_) }
 609                                 sort readdir $dh;
 610                 closedir $dh;
 611         } elsif ((-f $f or -p $f) and !is_format_patch_arg($f)) {
 612                 push @files, $f;
 613         } else {
 614                 push @rev_list_opts, $f;
 615         }
 616 }
 617
 618 if (@rev_list_opts) {
 619         die "Cannot run git format-patch from outside a repository\n"
 620                 unless $repo;
 621         push @files, $repo->command('format-patch', '-o', tempdir(CLEANUP => 1), @rev_list_opts);
 622 }
 623
 624 @files = handle_backup_files(@files);
 625
 626 if ($validate) {
 627         foreach my $f (@files) {
 628                 unless (-p $f) {
 629                         my $error = validate_patch($f);
 630                         $error and die "fatal: $f: $error\nwarning: no patches were sent\n";
 631                 }
 632         }
 633 }
 634
 635 if (@files) {
 636         unless ($quiet) {
 637                 print $_,"\n" for (@files);
 638         }
 639 } else {
 640         print STDERR "\nNo patch files specified!\n\n";
 641         usage();
 642 }
 643
 644 sub get_patch_subject {
 645         my $fn = shift;
 646         open (my $fh, '<', $fn);
 647         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
 648                 next unless ($line =~ /^Subject: (.*)$/);
 649                 close $fh;
 650                 return "GIT: $1\n";
 651         }
 652         close $fh;
 653         die "No subject line in $fn ?";
 654 }
 655
 656 if ($compose) {
 657         # Note that this does not need to be secure, but we will make a small
 658         # effort to have it be unique
 659         $compose_filename = ($repo ?
 660                 tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => $repo->repo_path()) :
 661                 tempfile(".gitsendemail.msg.XXXXXX", DIR => "."))[1];
 662         open my $c, ">", $compose_filename
 663                 or die "Failed to open for writing $compose_filename: $!";
 664
 665
 666         my $tpl_sender = $sender || $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
 667         my $tpl_subject = $initial_subject || '';
 668         my $tpl_reply_to = $initial_reply_to || '';
 669
 670         print $c <<EOT;
 671 From $tpl_sender # This line is ignored.
 672 GIT: Lines beginning in "GIT:" will be removed.
 673 GIT: Consider including an overall diffstat or table of contents
 674 GIT: for the patch you are writing.
 675 GIT:
 676 GIT: Clear the body content if you don't wish to send a summary.
 677 From: $tpl_sender
 678 Subject: $tpl_subject
 679 In-Reply-To: $tpl_reply_to
 680
 681 EOT
 682         for my $f (@files) {
 683                 print $c get_patch_subject($f);
 684         }
 685         close $c;
 686
 687         if ($annotate) {
 688                 do_edit($compose_filename, @files);
 689         } else {
 690                 do_edit($compose_filename);
 691         }
 692
 693         open my $c2, ">", $compose_filename . ".final"
 694                 or die "Failed to open $compose_filename.final : " . $!;
 695
 696         open $c, "<", $compose_filename
 697                 or die "Failed to open $compose_filename : " . $!;
 698
 699         my $need_8bit_cte = file_has_nonascii($compose_filename);
 700         my $in_body = 0;
 701         my $summary_empty = 1;
 702         if (!defined $compose_encoding) {
 703                 $compose_encoding = "UTF-8";
 704         }
 705         while(<$c>) {
 706                 next if m/^GIT:/;
 707                 if ($in_body) {
 708                         $summary_empty = 0 unless (/^\n$/);
 709                 } elsif (/^\n$/) {
 710                         $in_body = 1;
 711                         if ($need_8bit_cte) {
 712                                 print $c2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
 713                                          "Content-Type: text/plain; ",
 714                                            "charset=$compose_encoding\n",
 715                                          "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
 716                         }
 717                 } elsif (/^MIME-Version:/i) {
 718                         $need_8bit_cte = 0;
 719                 } elsif (/^Subject:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
 720                         $initial_subject = $1;
 721                         my $subject = $initial_subject;
 722                         $_ = "Subject: " .
 723                                 quote_subject($subject, $compose_encoding) .
 724                                 "\n";
 725                 } elsif (/^In-Reply-To:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
 726                         $initial_reply_to = $1;
 727                         next;
 728                 } elsif (/^From:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
 729                         $sender = $1;
 730                         next;
 731                 } elsif (/^(?:To|Cc|Bcc):/i) {
 732                         print "To/Cc/Bcc fields are not interpreted yet, they have been ignored\n";
 733                         next;
 734                 }
 735                 print $c2 $_;
 736         }
 737         close $c;
 738         close $c2;
 739
 740         if ($summary_empty) {
 741                 print "Summary email is empty, skipping it\n";
 742                 $compose = -1;
 743         }
 744 } elsif ($annotate) {
 745         do_edit(@files);
 746 }
 747
 748 sub ask {
 749         my ($prompt, %arg) = @_;
 750         my $valid_re = $arg{valid_re};
 751         my $default = $arg{default};
 752         my $confirm_only = $arg{confirm_only};
 753         my $resp;
 754         my $i = 0;
 755         return defined $default ? $default : undef
 756                 unless defined $term->IN and defined fileno($term->IN) and
 757                        defined $term->OUT and defined fileno($term->OUT);
 758         while ($i++ < 10) {
 759                 $resp = $term->readline($prompt);
 760                 if (!defined $resp) { # EOF
 761                         print "\n";
 762                         return defined $default ? $default : undef;
 763                 }
 764                 if ($resp eq '' and defined $default) {
 765                         return $default;
 766                 }
 767                 if (!defined $valid_re or $resp =~ /$valid_re/) {
 768                         return $resp;
 769                 }
 770                 if ($confirm_only) {
 771                         my $yesno = $term->readline("Are you sure you want to use <$resp> [y/N]? ");
 772                         if (defined $yesno && $yesno =~ /y/i) {
 773                                 return $resp;
 774                         }
 775                 }
 776         }
 777         return;
 778 }
 779
 780 my %broken_encoding;
 781
 782 sub file_declares_8bit_cte {
 783         my $fn = shift;
 784         open (my $fh, '<', $fn);
 785         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
 786                 last if ($line =~ /^$/);
 787                 return 1 if ($line =~ /^Content-Transfer-Encoding: .*8bit.*$/);
 788         }
 789         close $fh;
 790         return 0;
 791 }
 792
 793 foreach my $f (@files) {
 794         next unless (body_or_subject_has_nonascii($f)
 795                      && !file_declares_8bit_cte($f));
 796         $broken_encoding{$f} = 1;
 797 }
 798
 799 if (!defined $auto_8bit_encoding && scalar %broken_encoding) {
 800         print "The following files are 8bit, but do not declare " .
 801                 "a Content-Transfer-Encoding.\n";
 802         foreach my $f (sort keys %broken_encoding) {
 803                 print "    $f\n";
 804         }
 805         $auto_8bit_encoding = ask("Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? ",
 806                                   valid_re => qr/.{4}/, confirm_only => 1,
 807                                   default => "UTF-8");
 808 }
 809
 810 if (!$force) {
 811         for my $f (@files) {
 812                 if (get_patch_subject($f) =~ /\Q*** SUBJECT HERE ***\E/) {
 813                         die "Refusing to send because the patch\n\t$f\n"
 814                                 . "has the template subject '*** SUBJECT HERE ***'. "
 815                                 . "Pass --force if you really want to send.\n";
 816                 }
 817         }
 818 }
 819
 820 if (defined $sender) {
 821         $sender =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
 822         ($sender) = expand_aliases($sender);
 823 } else {
 824         $sender = $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
 825 }
 826
 827 # $sender could be an already sanitized address
 828 # (e.g. sendemail.from could be manually sanitized by user).
 829 # But it's a no-op to run sanitize_address on an already sanitized address.
 830 $sender = sanitize_address($sender);
 831
 832 my $to_whom = "To whom should the emails be sent (if anyone)?";
 833 my $prompting = 0;
 834 if (!@initial_to && !defined $to_cmd) {
 835         my $to = ask("$to_whom ",
 836                      default => "",
 837                      valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 838         push @initial_to, parse_address_line($to) if defined $to; # sanitized/validated later
 839         $prompting++;
 840 }
 841
 842 sub expand_aliases {
 843         return map { expand_one_alias($_) } @_;
 844 }
 845
 846 my %EXPANDED_ALIASES;
 847 sub expand_one_alias {
 848         my $alias = shift;
 849         if ($EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias}) {
 850                 die "fatal: alias '$alias' expands to itself\n";
 851         }
 852         local $EXPANDED_ALIASES{$alias} = 1;
 853         return $aliases{$alias} ? expand_aliases(@{$aliases{$alias}}) : $alias;
 854 }
 855
 856 @initial_to = process_address_list(@initial_to);
 857 @initial_cc = process_address_list(@initial_cc);
 858 @bcclist = process_address_list(@bcclist);
 859
 860 if ($thread && !defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
 861         $initial_reply_to = ask(
 862                 "Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? ",
 863                 default => "",
 864                 valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 865 }
 866 if (defined $initial_reply_to) {
 867         $initial_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
 868         $initial_reply_to =~ s/>?\s*$//;
 869         $initial_reply_to = "<$initial_reply_to>" if $initial_reply_to ne '';
 870 }
 871
 872 if (!defined $smtp_server) {
 873         foreach (qw( /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail )) {
 874                 if (-x $_) {
 875                         $smtp_server = $_;
 876                         last;
 877                 }
 878         }
 879         $smtp_server ||= 'localhost'; # could be 127.0.0.1, too... *shrug*
 880 }
 881
 882 if ($compose && $compose > 0) {
 883         @files = ($compose_filename . ".final", @files);
 884 }
 885
 886 # Variables we set as part of the loop over files
 887 our ($message_id, %mail, $subject, $reply_to, $references, $message,
 888         $needs_confirm, $message_num, $ask_default);
 889
 890 sub extract_valid_address {
 891         my $address = shift;
 892         my $local_part_regexp = qr/[^<>"\s@]+/;
 893         my $domain_regexp = qr/[^.<>"\s@]+(?:\.[^.<>"\s@]+)+/;
 894
 895         # check for a local address:
 896         return $address if ($address =~ /^($local_part_regexp)$/);
 897
 898         $address =~ s/^\s*<(.*)>\s*$/$1/;
 899         if ($have_email_valid) {
 900                 return scalar Email::Valid->address($address);
 901         }
 902
 903         # less robust/correct than the monster regexp in Email::Valid,
 904         # but still does a 99% job, and one less dependency
 905         return $1 if $address =~ /($local_part_regexp\@$domain_regexp)/;
 906         return;
 907 }
 908
 909 sub extract_valid_address_or_die {
 910         my $address = shift;
 911         $address = extract_valid_address($address);
 912         die "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n"
 913                 if !$address;
 914         return $address;
 915 }
 916
 917 sub validate_address {
 918         my $address = shift;
 919         while (!extract_valid_address($address)) {
 920                 print STDERR "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n";
 921                 $_ = ask("What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): ",
 922                         valid_re => qr/^(?:quit|q|drop|d|edit|e)/i,
 923                         default => 'q');
 924                 if (/^d/i) {
 925                         return undef;
 926                 } elsif (/^q/i) {
 927                         cleanup_compose_files();
 928                         exit(0);
 929                 }
 930                 $address = ask("$to_whom ",
 931                         default => "",
 932                         valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 933         }
 934         return $address;
 935 }
 936
 937 sub validate_address_list {
 938         return (grep { defined $_ }
 939                 map { validate_address($_) } @_);
 940 }
 941
 942 # Usually don't need to change anything below here.
 943
 944 # we make a "fake" message id by taking the current number
 945 # of seconds since the beginning of Unix time and tacking on
 946 # a random number to the end, in case we are called quicker than
 947 # 1 second since the last time we were called.
 948
 949 # We'll setup a template for the message id, using the "from" address:
 950
 951 my ($message_id_stamp, $message_id_serial);
 952 sub make_message_id {
 953         my $uniq;
 954         if (!defined $message_id_stamp) {
 955                 $message_id_stamp = strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S.$$", gmtime(time));
 956                 $message_id_serial = 0;
 957         }
 958         $message_id_serial++;
 959         $uniq = "$message_id_stamp-$message_id_serial";
 960
 961         my $du_part;
 962         for ($sender, $repocommitter, $repoauthor) {
 963                 $du_part = extract_valid_address(sanitize_address($_));
 964                 last if (defined $du_part and $du_part ne '');
 965         }
 966         if (not defined $du_part or $du_part eq '') {
 967                 require Sys::Hostname;
 968                 $du_part = 'user@' . Sys::Hostname::hostname();
 969         }
 970         my $message_id_template = "<%s-%s>";
 971         $message_id = sprintf($message_id_template, $uniq, $du_part);
 972         #print "new message id = $message_id\n"; # Was useful for debugging
 973 }
 974
 975
 976
 977 $time = time - scalar $#files;
 978
 979 sub unquote_rfc2047 {
 980         local ($_) = @_;
 981         my $charset;
 982         my $sep = qr/[ \t]+/;
 983         s{$re_encoded_word(?:$sep$re_encoded_word)*}{
 984                 my @words = split $sep, $&;
 985                 foreach (@words) {
 986                         m/$re_encoded_word/;
 987                         $charset = $1;
 988                         my $encoding = $2;
 989                         my $text = $3;
 990                         if ($encoding eq 'q' || $encoding eq 'Q') {
 991                                 $_ = $text;
 992                                 s/_/ /g;
 993                                 s/=([0-9A-F]{2})/chr(hex($1))/egi;
 994                         } else {
 995                                 # other encodings not supported yet
 996                         }
 997                 }
 998                 join '', @words;
 999         }eg;
1000         return wantarray ? ($_, $charset) : $_;
1001 }
1002
1003 sub quote_rfc2047 {
1004         local $_ = shift;
1005         my $encoding = shift || 'UTF-8';
1006         s/([^-a-zA-Z0-9!*+\/])/sprintf("=%02X", ord($1))/eg;
1007         s/(.*)/=\?$encoding\?q\?$1\?=/;
1008         return $_;
1009 }
1010
1011 sub is_rfc2047_quoted {
1012         my $s = shift;
1013         length($s) <= 75 &&
1014         $s =~ m/^(?:"[[:ascii:]]*"|$re_encoded_word)$/o;
1015 }
1016
1017 sub subject_needs_rfc2047_quoting {
1018         my $s = shift;
1019
1020         return ($s =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) || ($s =~ /=\?/);
1021 }
1022
1023 sub quote_subject {
1024         local $subject = shift;
1025         my $encoding = shift || 'UTF-8';
1026
1027         if (subject_needs_rfc2047_quoting($subject)) {
1028                 return quote_rfc2047($subject, $encoding);
1029         }
1030         return $subject;
1031 }
1032
1033 # use the simplest quoting being able to handle the recipient
1034 sub sanitize_address {
1035         my ($recipient) = @_;
1036
1037         # remove garbage after email address
1038         $recipient =~ s/(.*>).*$/$1/;
1039
1040         my ($recipient_name, $recipient_addr) = ($recipient =~ /^(.*?)\s*(<.*)/);
1041
1042         if (not $recipient_name) {
1043                 return $recipient;
1044         }
1045
1046         # if recipient_name is already quoted, do nothing
1047         if (is_rfc2047_quoted($recipient_name)) {
1048                 return $recipient;
1049         }
1050
1051         # remove non-escaped quotes
1052         $recipient_name =~ s/(^|[^\\])"/$1/g;
1053
1054         # rfc2047 is needed if a non-ascii char is included
1055         if ($recipient_name =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) {
1056                 $recipient_name = quote_rfc2047($recipient_name);
1057         }
1058
1059         # double quotes are needed if specials or CTLs are included
1060         elsif ($recipient_name =~ /[][()<>@,;:\\".\000-\037\177]/) {
1061                 $recipient_name =~ s/([\\\r])/\\$1/g;
1062                 $recipient_name = qq["$recipient_name"];
1063         }
1064
1065         return "$recipient_name $recipient_addr";
1066
1067 }
1068
1069 sub sanitize_address_list {
1070         return (map { sanitize_address($_) } @_);
1071 }
1072
1073 sub process_address_list {
1074         my @addr_list = map { parse_address_line($_) } @_;
1075         @addr_list = expand_aliases(@addr_list);
1076         @addr_list = sanitize_address_list(@addr_list);
1077         @addr_list = validate_address_list(@addr_list);
1078         return @addr_list;
1079 }
1080
1081 # Returns the local Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) if available.
1082 #
1083 # Tightly configured MTAa require that a caller sends a real DNS
1084 # domain name that corresponds the IP address in the HELO/EHLO
1085 # handshake. This is used to verify the connection and prevent
1086 # spammers from trying to hide their identity. If the DNS and IP don't
1087 # match, the receiveing MTA may deny the connection.
1088 #
1089 # Here is a deny example of Net::SMTP with the default "localhost.localdomain"
1090 #
1091 # Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x267ec28)>>> EHLO localhost.localdomain
1092 # Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x267ec28)<<< 550 EHLO argument does not match calling host
1093 #
1094 # This maildomain*() code is based on ideas in Perl library Test::Reporter
1095 # /usr/share/perl5/Test/Reporter/Mail/Util.pm ==> sub _maildomain ()
1096
1097 sub valid_fqdn {
1098         my $domain = shift;
1099         return defined $domain && !($^O eq 'darwin' && $domain =~ /\.local$/) && $domain =~ /\./;
1100 }
1101
1102 sub maildomain_net {
1103         my $maildomain;
1104
1105         if (eval { require Net::Domain; 1 }) {
1106                 my $domain = Net::Domain::domainname();
1107                 $maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
1108         }
1109
1110         return $maildomain;
1111 }
1112
1113 sub maildomain_mta {
1114         my $maildomain;
1115
1116         if (eval { require Net::SMTP; 1 }) {
1117                 for my $host (qw(mailhost localhost)) {
1118                         my $smtp = Net::SMTP->new($host);
1119                         if (defined $smtp) {
1120                                 my $domain = $smtp->domain;
1121                                 $smtp->quit;
1122
1123                                 $maildomain = $domain if valid_fqdn($domain);
1124
1125                                 last if $maildomain;
1126                         }
1127                 }
1128         }
1129
1130         return $maildomain;
1131 }
1132
1133 sub maildomain {
1134         return maildomain_net() || maildomain_mta() || 'localhost.localdomain';
1135 }
1136
1137 sub smtp_host_string {
1138         if (defined $smtp_server_port) {
1139                 return "$smtp_server:$smtp_server_port";
1140         } else {
1141                 return $smtp_server;
1142         }
1143 }
1144
1145 # Returns 1 if authentication succeeded or was not necessary
1146 # (smtp_user was not specified), and 0 otherwise.
1147
1148 sub smtp_auth_maybe {
1149         if (!defined $smtp_authuser || $auth) {
1150                 return 1;
1151         }
1152
1153         # Workaround AUTH PLAIN/LOGIN interaction defect
1154         # with Authen::SASL::Cyrus
1155         eval {
1156                 require Authen::SASL;
1157                 Authen::SASL->import(qw(Perl));
1158         };
1159
1160         # Check mechanism naming as defined in:
1161         # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4422#page-8
1162         if ($smtp_auth && $smtp_auth !~ /^(\b[A-Z0-9-_]{1,20}\s*)*$/) {
1163                 die "invalid smtp auth: '${smtp_auth}'";
1164         }
1165
1166         # TODO: Authentication may fail not because credentials were
1167         # invalid but due to other reasons, in which we should not
1168         # reject credentials.
1169         $auth = Git::credential({
1170                 'protocol' => 'smtp',
1171                 'host' => smtp_host_string(),
1172                 'username' => $smtp_authuser,
1173                 # if there's no password, "git credential fill" will
1174                 # give us one, otherwise it'll just pass this one.
1175                 'password' => $smtp_authpass
1176         }, sub {
1177                 my $cred = shift;
1178
1179                 if ($smtp_auth) {
1180                         my $sasl = Authen::SASL->new(
1181                                 mechanism => $smtp_auth,
1182                                 callback => {
1183                                         user => $cred->{'username'},
1184                                         pass => $cred->{'password'},
1185                                         authname => $cred->{'username'},
1186                                 }
1187                         );
1188
1189                         return !!$smtp->auth($sasl);
1190                 }
1191
1192                 return !!$smtp->auth($cred->{'username'}, $cred->{'password'});
1193         });
1194
1195         return $auth;
1196 }
1197
1198 sub ssl_verify_params {
1199         eval {
1200                 require IO::Socket::SSL;
1201                 IO::Socket::SSL->import(qw/SSL_VERIFY_PEER SSL_VERIFY_NONE/);
1202         };
1203         if ($@) {
1204                 print STDERR "Not using SSL_VERIFY_PEER due to out-of-date IO::Socket::SSL.\n";
1205                 return;
1206         }
1207
1208         if (!defined $smtp_ssl_cert_path) {
1209                 # use the OpenSSL defaults
1210                 return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_PEER());
1211         }
1212
1213         if ($smtp_ssl_cert_path eq "") {
1214                 return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_NONE());
1215         } elsif (-d $smtp_ssl_cert_path) {
1216                 return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_PEER(),
1217                         SSL_ca_path => $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
1218         } elsif (-f $smtp_ssl_cert_path) {
1219                 return (SSL_verify_mode => SSL_VERIFY_PEER(),
1220                         SSL_ca_file => $smtp_ssl_cert_path);
1221         } else {
1222                 die "CA path \"$smtp_ssl_cert_path\" does not exist";
1223         }
1224 }
1225
1226 sub file_name_is_absolute {
1227         my ($path) = @_;
1228
1229         # msys does not grok DOS drive-prefixes
1230         if ($^O eq 'msys') {
1231                 return ($path =~ m#^/# || $path =~ m#^[a-zA-Z]\:#)
1232         }
1233
1234         require File::Spec::Functions;
1235         return File::Spec::Functions::file_name_is_absolute($path);
1236 }
1237
1238 # Returns 1 if the message was sent, and 0 otherwise.
1239 # In actuality, the whole program dies when there
1240 # is an error sending a message.
1241
1242 sub send_message {
1243         my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
1244         @cc = (grep { my $cc = extract_valid_address_or_die($_);
1245                       not grep { $cc eq $_ || $_ =~ /<\Q${cc}\E>$/ } @recipients
1246                     }
1247                @cc);
1248         my $to = join (",\n\t", @recipients);
1249         @recipients = unique_email_list(@recipients,@cc,@bcclist);
1250         @recipients = (map { extract_valid_address_or_die($_) } @recipients);
1251         my $date = format_2822_time($time++);
1252         my $gitversion = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
1253         if ($gitversion =~ m/..GIT_VERSION../) {
1254             $gitversion = Git::version();
1255         }
1256
1257         my $cc = join(",\n\t", unique_email_list(@cc));
1258         my $ccline = "";
1259         if ($cc ne '') {
1260                 $ccline = "\nCc: $cc";
1261         }
1262         make_message_id() unless defined($message_id);
1263
1264         my $header = "From: $sender
1265 To: $to${ccline}
1266 Subject: $subject
1267 Date: $date
1268 Message-Id: $message_id
1269 ";
1270         if ($use_xmailer) {
1271                 $header .= "X-Mailer: git-send-email $gitversion\n";
1272         }
1273         if ($reply_to) {
1274
1275                 $header .= "In-Reply-To: $reply_to\n";
1276                 $header .= "References: $references\n";
1277         }
1278         if (@xh) {
1279                 $header .= join("\n", @xh) . "\n";
1280         }
1281
1282         my @sendmail_parameters = ('-i', @recipients);
1283         my $raw_from = $sender;
1284         if (defined $envelope_sender && $envelope_sender ne "auto") {
1285                 $raw_from = $envelope_sender;
1286         }
1287         $raw_from = extract_valid_address($raw_from);
1288         unshift (@sendmail_parameters,
1289                         '-f', $raw_from) if(defined $envelope_sender);
1290
1291         if ($needs_confirm && !$dry_run) {
1292                 print "\n$header\n";
1293                 if ($needs_confirm eq "inform") {
1294                         $confirm_unconfigured = 0; # squelch this message for the rest of this run
1295                         $ask_default = "y"; # assume yes on EOF since user hasn't explicitly asked for confirmation
1296                         print "    The Cc list above has been expanded by additional\n";
1297                         print "    addresses found in the patch commit message. By default\n";
1298                         print "    send-email prompts before sending whenever this occurs.\n";
1299                         print "    This behavior is controlled by the sendemail.confirm\n";
1300                         print "    configuration setting.\n";
1301                         print "\n";
1302                         print "    For additional information, run 'git send-email --help'.\n";
1303                         print "    To retain the current behavior, but squelch this message,\n";
1304                         print "    run 'git config --global sendemail.confirm auto'.\n\n";
1305                 }
1306                 $_ = ask("Send this email? ([y]es|[n]o|[q]uit|[a]ll): ",
1307                          valid_re => qr/^(?:yes|y|no|n|quit|q|all|a)/i,
1308                          default => $ask_default);
1309                 die "Send this email reply required" unless defined $_;
1310                 if (/^n/i) {
1311                         return 0;
1312                 } elsif (/^q/i) {
1313                         cleanup_compose_files();
1314                         exit(0);
1315                 } elsif (/^a/i) {
1316                         $confirm = 'never';
1317                 }
1318         }
1319
1320         unshift (@sendmail_parameters, @smtp_server_options);
1321
1322         if ($dry_run) {
1323                 # We don't want to send the email.
1324         } elsif (file_name_is_absolute($smtp_server)) {
1325                 my $pid = open my $sm, '|-';
1326                 defined $pid or die $!;
1327                 if (!$pid) {
1328                         exec($smtp_server, @sendmail_parameters) or die $!;
1329                 }
1330                 print $sm "$header\n$message";
1331                 close $sm or die $!;
1332         } else {
1333
1334                 if (!defined $smtp_server) {
1335                         die "The required SMTP server is not properly defined."
1336                 }
1337
1338                 if ($smtp_encryption eq 'ssl') {
1339                         $smtp_server_port ||= 465; # ssmtp
1340                         require Net::SMTP::SSL;
1341                         $smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
1342                         require IO::Socket::SSL;
1343
1344                         # Suppress "variable accessed once" warning.
1345                         {
1346                                 no warnings 'once';
1347                                 $IO::Socket::SSL::DEBUG = 1;
1348                         }
1349
1350                         # Net::SMTP::SSL->new() does not forward any SSL options
1351                         IO::Socket::SSL::set_client_defaults(
1352                                 ssl_verify_params());
1353                         $smtp ||= Net::SMTP::SSL->new($smtp_server,
1354                                                       Hello => $smtp_domain,
1355                                                       Port => $smtp_server_port,
1356                                                       Debug => $debug_net_smtp);
1357                 }
1358                 else {
1359                         require Net::SMTP;
1360                         $smtp_domain ||= maildomain();
1361                         $smtp_server_port ||= 25;
1362                         $smtp ||= Net::SMTP->new($smtp_server,
1363                                                  Hello => $smtp_domain,
1364                                                  Debug => $debug_net_smtp,
1365                                                  Port => $smtp_server_port);
1366                         if ($smtp_encryption eq 'tls' && $smtp) {
1367                                 require Net::SMTP::SSL;
1368                                 $smtp->command('STARTTLS');
1369                                 $smtp->response();
1370                                 if ($smtp->code == 220) {
1371                                         $smtp = Net::SMTP::SSL->start_SSL($smtp,
1372                                                                           ssl_verify_params())
1373                                                 or die "STARTTLS failed! ".IO::Socket::SSL::errstr();
1374                                         $smtp_encryption = '';
1375                                         # Send EHLO again to receive fresh
1376                                         # supported commands
1377                                         $smtp->hello($smtp_domain);
1378                                 } else {
1379                                         die "Server does not support STARTTLS! ".$smtp->message;
1380                                 }
1381                         }
1382                 }
1383
1384                 if (!$smtp) {
1385                         die "Unable to initialize SMTP properly. Check config and use --smtp-debug. ",
1386                             "VALUES: server=$smtp_server ",
1387                             "encryption=$smtp_encryption ",
1388                             "hello=$smtp_domain",
1389                             defined $smtp_server_port ? " port=$smtp_server_port" : "";
1390                 }
1391
1392                 smtp_auth_maybe or die $smtp->message;
1393
1394                 $smtp->mail( $raw_from ) or die $smtp->message;
1395                 $smtp->to( @recipients ) or die $smtp->message;
1396                 $smtp->data or die $smtp->message;
1397                 $smtp->datasend("$header\n") or die $smtp->message;
1398                 my @lines = split /^/, $message;
1399                 foreach my $line (@lines) {
1400                         $smtp->datasend("$line") or die $smtp->message;
1401                 }
1402                 $smtp->dataend() or die $smtp->message;
1403                 $smtp->code =~ /250|200/ or die "Failed to send $subject\n".$smtp->message;
1404         }
1405         if ($quiet) {
1406                 printf (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."Sent %s\n", $subject);
1407         } else {
1408                 print (($dry_run ? "Dry-" : "")."OK. Log says:\n");
1409                 if (!file_name_is_absolute($smtp_server)) {
1410                         print "Server: $smtp_server\n";
1411                         print "MAIL FROM:<$raw_from>\n";
1412                         foreach my $entry (@recipients) {
1413                             print "RCPT TO:<$entry>\n";
1414                         }
1415                 } else {
1416                         print "Sendmail: $smtp_server ".join(' ',@sendmail_parameters)."\n";
1417                 }
1418                 print $header, "\n";
1419                 if ($smtp) {
1420                         print "Result: ", $smtp->code, ' ',
1421                                 ($smtp->message =~ /\n([^\n]+\n)$/s), "\n";
1422                 } else {
1423                         print "Result: OK\n";
1424                 }
1425         }
1426
1427         return 1;
1428 }
1429
1430 $reply_to = $initial_reply_to;
1431 $references = $initial_reply_to || '';
1432 $subject = $initial_subject;
1433 $message_num = 0;
1434
1435 foreach my $t (@files) {
1436         open my $fh, "<", $t or die "can't open file $t";
1437
1438         my $author = undef;
1439         my $sauthor = undef;
1440         my $author_encoding;
1441         my $has_content_type;
1442         my $body_encoding;
1443         my $xfer_encoding;
1444         my $has_mime_version;
1445         @to = ();
1446         @cc = ();
1447         @xh = ();
1448         my $input_format = undef;
1449         my @header = ();
1450         $message = "";
1451         $message_num++;
1452         # First unfold multiline header fields
1453         while(<$fh>) {
1454                 last if /^\s*$/;
1455                 if (/^\s+\S/ and @header) {
1456                         chomp($header[$#header]);
1457                         s/^\s+/ /;
1458                         $header[$#header] .= $_;
1459             } else {
1460                         push(@header, $_);
1461                 }
1462         }
1463         # Now parse the header
1464         foreach(@header) {
1465                 if (/^From /) {
1466                         $input_format = 'mbox';
1467                         next;
1468                 }
1469                 chomp;
1470                 if (!defined $input_format && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s/) {
1471                         $input_format = 'mbox';
1472                 }
1473
1474                 if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
1475                         if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/i) {
1476                                 $subject = $1;
1477                         }
1478                         elsif (/^From:\s+(.*)$/i) {
1479                                 ($author, $author_encoding) = unquote_rfc2047($1);
1480                                 $sauthor = sanitize_address($author);
1481                                 next if $suppress_cc{'author'};
1482                                 next if $suppress_cc{'self'} and $sauthor eq $sender;
1483                                 printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
1484                                         $1, $_) unless $quiet;
1485                                 push @cc, $1;
1486                         }
1487                         elsif (/^To:\s+(.*)$/i) {
1488                                 foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
1489                                         printf("(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n",
1490                                                 $addr, $_) unless $quiet;
1491                                         push @to, $addr;
1492                                 }
1493                         }
1494                         elsif (/^Cc:\s+(.*)$/i) {
1495                                 foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
1496                                         my $qaddr = unquote_rfc2047($addr);
1497                                         my $saddr = sanitize_address($qaddr);
1498                                         if ($saddr eq $sender) {
1499                                                 next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
1500                                         } else {
1501                                                 next if ($suppress_cc{'cc'});
1502                                         }
1503                                         printf("(mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
1504                                                 $addr, $_) unless $quiet;
1505                                         push @cc, $addr;
1506                                 }
1507                         }
1508                         elsif (/^Content-type:/i) {
1509                                 $has_content_type = 1;
1510                                 if (/charset="?([^ "]+)/) {
1511                                         $body_encoding = $1;
1512                                 }
1513                                 push @xh, $_;
1514                         }
1515                         elsif (/^MIME-Version/i) {
1516                                 $has_mime_version = 1;
1517                                 push @xh, $_;
1518                         }
1519                         elsif (/^Message-Id: (.*)/i) {
1520                                 $message_id = $1;
1521                         }
1522                         elsif (/^Content-Transfer-Encoding: (.*)/i) {
1523                                 $xfer_encoding = $1 if not defined $xfer_encoding;
1524                         }
1525                         elsif (!/^Date:\s/i && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
1526                                 push @xh, $_;
1527                         }
1528
1529                 } else {
1530                         # In the traditional
1531                         # "send lots of email" format,
1532                         # line 1 = cc
1533                         # line 2 = subject
1534                         # So let's support that, too.
1535                         $input_format = 'lots';
1536                         if (@cc == 0 && !$suppress_cc{'cc'}) {
1537                                 printf("(non-mbox) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
1538                                         $_, $_) unless $quiet;
1539                                 push @cc, $_;
1540                         } elsif (!defined $subject) {
1541                                 $subject = $_;
1542                         }
1543                 }
1544         }
1545         # Now parse the message body
1546         while(<$fh>) {
1547                 $message .=  $_;
1548                 if (/^(Signed-off-by|Cc): (.*)$/i) {
1549                         chomp;
1550                         my ($what, $c) = ($1, $2);
1551                         chomp $c;
1552                         my $sc = sanitize_address($c);
1553                         if ($sc eq $sender) {
1554                                 next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
1555                         } else {
1556                                 next if $suppress_cc{'sob'} and $what =~ /Signed-off-by/i;
1557                                 next if $suppress_cc{'bodycc'} and $what =~ /Cc/i;
1558                         }
1559                         push @cc, $c;
1560                         printf("(body) Adding cc: %s from line '%s'\n",
1561                                 $c, $_) unless $quiet;
1562                 }
1563         }
1564         close $fh;
1565
1566         push @to, recipients_cmd("to-cmd", "to", $to_cmd, $t)
1567                 if defined $to_cmd;
1568         push @cc, recipients_cmd("cc-cmd", "cc", $cc_cmd, $t)
1569                 if defined $cc_cmd && !$suppress_cc{'cccmd'};
1570
1571         if ($broken_encoding{$t} && !$has_content_type) {
1572                 $xfer_encoding = '8bit' if not defined $xfer_encoding;
1573                 $has_content_type = 1;
1574                 push @xh, "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=$auto_8bit_encoding";
1575                 $body_encoding = $auto_8bit_encoding;
1576         }
1577
1578         if ($broken_encoding{$t} && !is_rfc2047_quoted($subject)) {
1579                 $subject = quote_subject($subject, $auto_8bit_encoding);
1580         }
1581
1582         if (defined $sauthor and $sauthor ne $sender) {
1583                 $message = "From: $author\n\n$message";
1584                 if (defined $author_encoding) {
1585                         if ($has_content_type) {
1586                                 if ($body_encoding eq $author_encoding) {
1587                                         # ok, we already have the right encoding
1588                                 }
1589                                 else {
1590                                         # uh oh, we should re-encode
1591                                 }
1592                         }
1593                         else {
1594                                 $xfer_encoding = '8bit' if not defined $xfer_encoding;
1595                                 $has_content_type = 1;
1596                                 push @xh,
1597                                   "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=$author_encoding";
1598                         }
1599                 }
1600         }
1601         if (defined $target_xfer_encoding) {
1602                 $xfer_encoding = '8bit' if not defined $xfer_encoding;
1603                 $message = apply_transfer_encoding(
1604                         $message, $xfer_encoding, $target_xfer_encoding);
1605                 $xfer_encoding = $target_xfer_encoding;
1606         }
1607         if (defined $xfer_encoding) {
1608                 push @xh, "Content-Transfer-Encoding: $xfer_encoding";
1609         }
1610         if (defined $xfer_encoding or $has_content_type) {
1611                 unshift @xh, 'MIME-Version: 1.0' unless $has_mime_version;
1612         }
1613
1614         $needs_confirm = (
1615                 $confirm eq "always" or
1616                 ($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|cc)$/ && @cc) or
1617                 ($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|compose)$/ && $compose && $message_num == 1));
1618         $needs_confirm = "inform" if ($needs_confirm && $confirm_unconfigured && @cc);
1619
1620         @to = process_address_list(@to);
1621         @cc = process_address_list(@cc);
1622
1623         @to = (@initial_to, @to);
1624         @cc = (@initial_cc, @cc);
1625
1626         if ($message_num == 1) {
1627                 if (defined $cover_cc and $cover_cc) {
1628                         @initial_cc = @cc;
1629                 }
1630                 if (defined $cover_to and $cover_to) {
1631                         @initial_to = @to;
1632                 }
1633         }
1634
1635         my $message_was_sent = send_message();
1636
1637         # set up for the next message
1638         if ($thread && $message_was_sent &&
1639                 ($chain_reply_to || !defined $reply_to || length($reply_to) == 0 ||
1640                 $message_num == 1)) {
1641                 $reply_to = $message_id;
1642                 if (length $references > 0) {
1643                         $references .= "\n $message_id";
1644                 } else {
1645                         $references = "$message_id";
1646                 }
1647         }
1648         $message_id = undef;
1649 }
1650
1651 # Execute a command (e.g. $to_cmd) to get a list of email addresses
1652 # and return a results array
1653 sub recipients_cmd {
1654         my ($prefix, $what, $cmd, $file) = @_;
1655
1656         my @addresses = ();
1657         open my $fh, "-|", "$cmd \Q$file\E"
1658             or die "($prefix) Could not execute '$cmd'";
1659         while (my $address = <$fh>) {
1660                 $address =~ s/^\s*//g;
1661                 $address =~ s/\s*$//g;
1662                 $address = sanitize_address($address);
1663                 next if ($address eq $sender and $suppress_cc{'self'});
1664                 push @addresses, $address;
1665                 printf("($prefix) Adding %s: %s from: '%s'\n",
1666                        $what, $address, $cmd) unless $quiet;
1667                 }
1668         close $fh
1669             or die "($prefix) failed to close pipe to '$cmd'";
1670         return @addresses;
1671 }
1672
1673 cleanup_compose_files();
1674
1675 sub cleanup_compose_files {
1676         unlink($compose_filename, $compose_filename . ".final") if $compose;
1677 }
1678
1679 $smtp->quit if $smtp;
1680
1681 sub apply_transfer_encoding {
1682         my $message = shift;
1683         my $from = shift;
1684         my $to = shift;
1685
1686         return $message if ($from eq $to and $from ne '7bit');
1687
1688         require MIME::QuotedPrint;
1689         require MIME::Base64;
1690
1691         $message = MIME::QuotedPrint::decode($message)
1692                 if ($from eq 'quoted-printable');
1693         $message = MIME::Base64::decode($message)
1694                 if ($from eq 'base64');
1695
1696         die "cannot send message as 7bit"
1697                 if ($to eq '7bit' and $message =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/);
1698         return $message
1699                 if ($to eq '7bit' or $to eq '8bit');
1700         return MIME::QuotedPrint::encode($message, "\n", 0)
1701                 if ($to eq 'quoted-printable');
1702         return MIME::Base64::encode($message, "\n")
1703                 if ($to eq 'base64');
1704         die "invalid transfer encoding";
1705 }
1706
1707 sub unique_email_list {
1708         my %seen;
1709         my @emails;
1710
1711         foreach my $entry (@_) {
1712                 my $clean = extract_valid_address_or_die($entry);
1713                 $seen{$clean} ||= 0;
1714                 next if $seen{$clean}++;
1715                 push @emails, $entry;
1716         }
1717         return @emails;
1718 }
1719
1720 sub validate_patch {
1721         my $fn = shift;
1722         open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
1723                 or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
1724         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
1725                 if (length($line) > 998) {
1726                         return "$.: patch contains a line longer than 998 characters";
1727                 }
1728         }
1729         return;
1730 }
1731
1732 sub handle_backup {
1733         my ($last, $lastlen, $file, $known_suffix) = @_;
1734         my ($suffix, $skip);
1735
1736         $skip = 0;
1737         if (defined $last &&
1738             ($lastlen < length($file)) &&
1739             (substr($file, 0, $lastlen) eq $last) &&
1740             ($suffix = substr($file, $lastlen)) !~ /^[a-z0-9]/i) {
1741                 if (defined $known_suffix && $suffix eq $known_suffix) {
1742                         print "Skipping $file with backup suffix '$known_suffix'.\n";
1743                         $skip = 1;
1744                 } else {
1745                         my $answer = ask("Do you really want to send $file? (y|N): ",
1746                                          valid_re => qr/^(?:y|n)/i,
1747                                          default => 'n');
1748                         $skip = ($answer ne 'y');
1749                         if ($skip) {
1750                                 $known_suffix = $suffix;
1751                         }
1752                 }
1753         }
1754         return ($skip, $known_suffix);
1755 }
1756
1757 sub handle_backup_files {
1758         my @file = @_;
1759         my ($last, $lastlen, $known_suffix, $skip, @result);
1760         for my $file (@file) {
1761                 ($skip, $known_suffix) = handle_backup($last, $lastlen,
1762                                                        $file, $known_suffix);
1763                 push @result, $file unless $skip;
1764                 $last = $file;
1765                 $lastlen = length($file);
1766         }
1767         return @result;
1768 }
1769
1770 sub file_has_nonascii {
1771         my $fn = shift;
1772         open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
1773                 or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
1774         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
1775                 return 1 if $line =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/;
1776         }
1777         return 0;
1778 }
1779
1780 sub body_or_subject_has_nonascii {
1781         my $fn = shift;
1782         open(my $fh, '<', $fn)
1783                 or die "unable to open $fn: $!\n";
1784         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
1785                 last if $line =~ /^$/;
1786                 return 1 if $line =~ /^Subject.*[^[:ascii:]]/;
1787         }
1788         while (my $line = <$fh>) {
1789                 return 1 if $line =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/;
1790         }
1791         return 0;
1792 }