4 Treaps provide a memory-efficient binary search tree structure.
5 Insertion/deletion/search are about as about as fast in the average
6 case as red-black trees and the chances of worst-case behavior are
7 vanishingly small, thanks to (pseudo-)randomness. The bad worst-case
8 behavior is a small price to pay, given that treaps are much simpler
14 The trp API generates a data structure and functions to handle a
15 large growing set of objects stored in a pool.
19 . Specifies parameters for the generated functions with the
20 trp_gen(static, foo_, ...) macro.
22 . Allocates a `struct trp_root` variable and sets it to {~0}.
24 . Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`. Any pointers
25 to existing nodes cannot be relied upon any more, so the caller
26 might retrieve them anew with `foo_pointer`.
28 . Can find a specific item in the set using `foo_search`.
30 . Can iterate over items in the set using `foo_first` and `foo_next`.
32 . Can remove an item from the set using `foo_remove`.
39 struct trp_node ex_link;
41 static struct trp_root ex_base = {~0};
42 obj_pool_gen(ex, struct ex_node, 4096);
43 trp_gen(static, ex_, struct ex_node, ex_link, ex, strcmp)
46 item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
48 ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
49 item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
51 ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
52 for (item = ex_first(&ex_base); item; item = ex_next(&ex_base, item))
53 printf("%s\n", item->s);
59 trp_gen(attr, foo_, node_type, link_field, pool, cmp)::
61 Generate a type-specific treap implementation.
63 . The storage class for generated functions will be 'attr' (e.g., `static`).
64 . Generated function names are prefixed with 'foo_' (e.g., `treap_`).
65 . Treap nodes will be of type 'node_type' (e.g., `struct treap_node`).
66 This type must be a struct with at least one `struct trp_node` field
67 to point to its children.
68 . The field used to access child nodes will be 'link_field'.
69 . All treap nodes must lie in the 'pool' object pool.
70 . Treap nodes must be totally ordered by the 'cmp' relation, with the
73 int (*cmp)(node_type \*a, node_type \*b)
75 and returning a value less than, equal to, or greater than zero
76 according to the result of comparison.
78 node_type {asterisk}foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
80 Insert node into treap. If inserted multiple times,
81 a node will appear in the treap multiple times.
83 The return value is the address of the node within the treap,
84 which might differ from `node` if `pool_alloc` had to call
85 `realloc` to expand the pool.
87 void foo_remove(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
89 Remove node from treap. Caller must ensure node is
90 present in treap before using this function.
92 node_type *foo_search(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
94 Search for a node that matches key. If no match is found,
97 node_type *foo_nsearch(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
99 Like `foo_search`, but if if the key is missing return what
100 would be key's successor, were key in treap (NULL if no
103 node_type *foo_first(struct trp_root \*treap)::
105 Find the first item from the treap, in sorted order.
107 node_type *foo_next(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*node)::