4 You may find these things in your git repository (`.git`
5 directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
6 `'project'.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository. It is
7 also possible to have a working tree where `.git` is a plain
8 ascii file containing `gitdir: <path>`, i.e. the path to the
12 Object store associated with this repository. Usually
13 an object store is self sufficient (i.e. all the objects
14 that are referred to by an object found in it are also
15 found in it), but there are couple of ways to violate
18 . You could populate the repository by running a commit walker
19 without `-a` option. Depending on which options are given, you
20 could have only commit objects without associated blobs and
21 trees this way, for example. A repository with this kind of
22 incomplete object store is not suitable to be published to the
23 outside world but sometimes useful for private repository.
24 . You also could have an incomplete but locally usable repository
25 by cloning shallowly. See linkgit:git-clone[1].
26 . You can be using `objects/info/alternates` mechanism, or
27 `$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES` mechanism to 'borrow'
28 objects from other object stores. A repository with this kind
29 of incomplete object store is not suitable to be published for
30 use with dumb transports but otherwise is OK as long as
31 `objects/info/alternates` points at the right object stores
34 objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]::
35 Traditionally, each object is stored in its own file.
36 They are split into 256 subdirectories using the first
37 two letters from its object name to keep the number of
38 directory entries `objects` directory itself needs to
39 hold. Objects found here are often called 'unpacked'
43 Packs (files that store many object in compressed form,
44 along with index files to allow them to be randomly
45 accessed) are found in this directory.
48 Additional information about the object store is
49 recorded in this directory.
52 This file is to help dumb transports discover what packs
53 are available in this object store. Whenever a pack is
54 added or removed, `git update-server-info` should be run
55 to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
56 published for dumb transports. `git repack` does this
59 objects/info/alternates::
60 This file records paths to alternate object stores that
61 this object store borrows objects from, one pathname per
62 line. Note that not only native Git tools use it locally,
63 but the HTTP fetcher also tries to use it remotely; this
64 will usually work if you have relative paths (relative
65 to the object database, not to the repository!) in your
66 alternates file, but it will not work if you use absolute
67 paths unless the absolute path in filesystem and web URL
68 is the same. See also 'objects/info/http-alternates'.
70 objects/info/http-alternates::
71 This file records URLs to alternate object stores that
72 this object store borrows objects from, to be used when
73 the repository is fetched over HTTP.
76 References are stored in subdirectories of this
77 directory. The `git prune` command knows to keep
78 objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
82 records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch `name`
85 records any object name (not necessarily a commit
86 object, or a tag object that points at a commit object).
89 records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branches copied
90 from a remote repository.
93 records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
94 and friends record in a more efficient way. See
95 linkgit:git-pack-refs[1].
98 A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
99 describing the currently active branch. It does not mean
100 much if the repository is not associated with any working tree
101 (i.e. a 'bare' repository), but a valid git repository
102 *must* have the HEAD file; some porcelains may use it to
103 guess the designated "default" branch of the repository
104 (usually 'master'). It is legal if the named branch
105 'name' does not (yet) exist. In some legacy setups, it is
106 a symbolic link instead of a symref that points at the current
109 HEAD can also record a specific commit directly, instead of
110 being a symref to point at the current branch. Such a state
111 is often called 'detached HEAD', and almost all commands work
112 identically as normal. See linkgit:git-checkout[1] for
116 A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
117 to specify URL to `git fetch`, `git pull` and `git push`
118 commands is to store a file in `branches/'name'` and
119 give 'name' to these commands in place of 'repository'
123 Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
124 commands. A handful of sample hooks are installed when
125 `git init` is run, but all of them are disabled by
126 default. To enable, they need to be made executable.
127 Read link:hooks.html[hooks] for more details about
131 The current index file for the repository. It is
132 usually not found in a bare repository.
135 Additional information about the repository is recorded
139 This file helps dumb transports discover what refs are
140 available in this repository. If the repository is
141 published for dumb transports, this file should be
142 regenerated by `git update-server-info` every time a tag
143 or branch is created or modified. This is normally done
144 from the `hooks/update` hook, which is run by the
145 `git-receive-pack` command when you `git push` into the
149 This file records fake commit ancestry information, to
150 pretend the set of parents a commit has is different
151 from how the commit was actually created. One record
152 per line describes a commit and its fake parents by
153 listing their 40-byte hexadecimal object names separated
154 by a space and terminated by a newline.
157 This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
158 exclude pattern list. `.gitignore` is the per-directory
159 ignore file. `git status`, `git add`, `git rm` and `git
160 clean` look at it but the core git commands do not look
161 at it. See also: linkgit:gitignore[5].
164 Stores shorthands to be used to give URL and default
165 refnames to interact with remote repository to `git
166 fetch`, `git pull` and `git push` commands.
169 Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
170 directory. See the documentation on git-update-ref
171 for more information.
173 logs/refs/heads/`name`::
174 Records all changes made to the branch tip named `name`.
176 logs/refs/tags/`name`::
177 Records all changes made to the tag named `name`.
180 This is similar to `info/grafts` but is internally used
181 and maintained by shallow clone mechanism. See `--depth`
182 option to linkgit:git-clone[1] and linkgit:git-fetch[1].