6 git-fsck - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
12 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
13 [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found]
14 [--[no-]progress] [<object>*]
18 Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database.
23 An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
25 If no objects are given, 'git fsck' defaults to using the
26 index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
27 --no-reflogs is given) as heads.
30 Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any
31 of the reference nodes.
40 Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for
41 an unreachability trace.
44 Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an
45 entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant
46 only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but
47 now aren't, but are still in that corresponding reflog.
50 Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
51 ($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
52 object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
53 or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
54 and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
55 and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
56 object pools. This is now default; you can turn it off
60 Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
61 recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
62 versions of git. Existing repositories, including the
63 Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
64 objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
65 to check new projects with this flag.
71 Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
72 .git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is
73 a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
78 Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by
79 default when it is attached to a terminal, unless
80 --no-progress or --verbose is specified. --progress forces
81 progress status even if the standard error stream is not
82 directed to a terminal.
84 It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
85 the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
86 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
87 '--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but
88 that aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes.
92 git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
93 $(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
95 will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
96 extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
97 sorted properly etc), but on the whole if 'git fsck' is happy, you
100 Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
101 (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
102 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
104 Of course, "valid tree" doesn't mean that it wasn't generated by some
105 evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
106 tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)
108 Extracted Diagnostics
109 ---------------------
111 expect dangling commits - potential heads - due to lack of head information::
112 You haven't specified any nodes as heads so it won't be
113 possible to differentiate between un-parented commits and
116 missing sha1 directory '<dir>'::
117 The directory holding the sha1 objects is missing.
119 unreachable <type> <object>::
120 The <type> object <object>, isn't actually referred to directly
121 or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can
122 mean that there's another root node that you're not specifying
123 or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven't missed a root node
124 then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they
127 missing <type> <object>::
128 The <type> object <object>, is referred to but isn't present in
131 dangling <type> <object>::
132 The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never
133 'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
135 sha1 mismatch <object>::
136 The database has an object who's sha1 doesn't match the
138 This indicates a serious data integrity problem.
140 Environment Variables
141 ---------------------
143 GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY::
144 used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects)
147 used to specify the index file of the index
149 GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES::
150 used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
154 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite