compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7
   8 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
   9
  10 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  11 {
  12         int error = ENOSYS;
  13         switch(winerr) {
  14         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  15         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  18         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  19         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  20         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  30         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  31         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  34         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  35         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  41         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  42         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  43         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  44         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  45         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  46         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  47         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  48         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  49         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  50         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  54         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  55         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  56         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  57         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  75         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  76         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  77         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  80         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  81         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  82         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  83         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  84         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  85         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  89         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  93         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  96         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  97         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  98         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  99         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 100         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 105         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 106         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 107         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 108         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 109         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 110         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 111         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 112         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 113         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 114         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 115         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 116         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 117         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 118         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 119         }
 120         return error;
 121 }
 122
 123 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 124 {
 125         switch (errcode) {
 126         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 127         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 128                 return 1;
 129         }
 130
 131         return 0;
 132 }
 133
 134 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 135 {
 136         char answer[1024];
 137
 138         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 139                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 140                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 141
 142                 /* remove the newline */
 143                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 144                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 145                         got_full_line = 1;
 146                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 147                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 148                         got_full_line = 1;
 149                 }
 150                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 151                 if (!got_full_line)
 152                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 153                                 ;
 154         } else
 155                 /* we could not read, return the
 156                  * default answer which is no */
 157                 return 0;
 158
 159         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 160                 return 1;
 161         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 162                 return 1;
 163         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 164                 return 0;
 165         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 166                 return 0;
 167
 168         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 169         return -1;
 170 }
 171
 172 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 173 {
 174         char question[4096];
 175         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 176         va_list args;
 177
 178         va_start(args, format);
 179         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 180         va_end(args);
 181
 182         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 183                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 184                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 185         }
 186
 187         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 188                 return 0;
 189
 190         while (1) {
 191                 int answer;
 192                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 193
 194                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 195                         return answer;
 196
 197                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 198                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 199         }
 200 }
 201
 202 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 203 {
 204         int ret, tries = 0;
 205         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 206         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 207                 return -1;
 208
 209         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 210         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 211         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 212                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 213                         break;
 214                 /*
 215                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 216                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 217                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 218                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 219                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 220                  */
 221                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 222                 tries++;
 223         }
 224         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 225                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 226                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 227                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 228         return ret;
 229 }
 230
 231 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 232 {
 233         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 234         HANDLE handle;
 235         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 236         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 237         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 238         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 239         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 240                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 241
 242         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 243                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 244                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 245                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 246                         FindClose(handle);
 247                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 248                 }
 249         FindClose(handle);
 250         return 0;
 251 }
 252
 253 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 254 {
 255         int ret, tries = 0;
 256         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 257         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 258                 return -1;
 259
 260         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 261                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 262                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 263                 if (errno != EACCES)
 264                         break;
 265                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 266                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 267                         break;
 268                 }
 269                 /*
 270                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 271                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 272                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 273                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 274                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 275                  */
 276                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 277                 tries++;
 278         }
 279         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 280                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 281                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 282                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 283         return ret;
 284 }
 285
 286 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 287 {
 288         int ret;
 289         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 290         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 291                 return -1;
 292         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 293         return ret;
 294 }
 295
 296 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 297 {
 298         va_list args;
 299         unsigned mode;
 300         int fd;
 301         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 302
 303         va_start(args, oflags);
 304         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 305         va_end(args);
 306
 307         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 308                 filename = "nul";
 309
 310         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 311                 return -1;
 312         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 313
 314         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 315                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 316                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 317                         errno = EISDIR;
 318         }
 319         return fd;
 320 }
 321
 322 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 323 {
 324         return TRUE;
 325 }
 326
 327 #undef fgetc
 328 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 329 {
 330         int ch;
 331         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 332                 return fgetc(stream);
 333
 334         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 335         while (1) {
 336                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 337                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 338                         break;
 339
 340                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 341                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 342         }
 343         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 344         return ch;
 345 }
 346
 347 #undef fopen
 348 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 349 {
 350         FILE *file;
 351         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 352         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 353                 filename = "nul";
 354         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 355                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 356                 return NULL;
 357         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 358         return file;
 359 }
 360
 361 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 362 {
 363         FILE *file;
 364         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 365         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 366                 filename = "nul";
 367         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 368                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 369                 return NULL;
 370         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 371         return file;
 372 }
 373
 374 #undef fflush
 375 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 376 {
 377         int ret = fflush(stream);
 378
 379         /*
 380          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 381          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 382          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 383          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 384          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 385          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 386          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 387          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 388          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 389          */
 390         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 391                 errno = EPIPE;
 392
 393         return ret;
 394 }
 395
 396 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 397 {
 398         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 399         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 400                 return -1;
 401         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 402         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 403 }
 404
 405 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 406 {
 407         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 408         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 409                 return -1;
 410         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 411 }
 412
 413 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 414 {
 415         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 416         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 417                 return -1;
 418         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 419 }
 420
 421 /*
 422  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 423  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 424  */
 425 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 426 {
 427         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 428         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 429         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 430 }
 431
 432 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 433 {
 434         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 435 }
 436
 437 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 438  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 439  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 440  *
 441  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 442  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 443  */
 444 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 445 {
 446         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 447         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 448         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 449                 return -1;
 450
 451         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 452                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 453                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 454                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 455                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 456                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 457                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 458                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 459                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 460                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 461                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 462                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 463                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 464                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 465                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 466                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 467                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 468                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 469                                         if (follow) {
 470                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 471                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 472                                         } else {
 473                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 474                                         }
 475                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 476                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 477                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 478                                 }
 479                                 FindClose(handle);
 480                         }
 481                 }
 482                 return 0;
 483         }
 484         switch (GetLastError()) {
 485         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 486         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 487         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 488         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 489                 errno = EACCES;
 490                 break;
 491         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 492                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 493                 break;
 494         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 495                 errno = ENOMEM;
 496                 break;
 497         default:
 498                 errno = ENOENT;
 499                 break;
 500         }
 501         return -1;
 502 }
 503
 504 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 505  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 506  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 507  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 508  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 509  */
 510 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 511 {
 512         int namelen;
 513         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 514
 515         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 516                 return 0;
 517
 518         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 519          * try again without trailing slashes
 520          */
 521         if (errno != ENOENT)
 522                 return -1;
 523
 524         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 525         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 526                 return -1;
 527         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 528                 --namelen;
 529         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 530                 return -1;
 531
 532         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 533         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 534         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 535 }
 536
 537 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 538 {
 539         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 540 }
 541 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 542 {
 543         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 544 }
 545
 546 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 547 {
 548         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 549         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 550
 551         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 552                 errno = EBADF;
 553                 return -1;
 554         }
 555         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 556         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 557                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 558
 559         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 560                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 561                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 562                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 563                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 564                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 565                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 566                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 567                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 568                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 569                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 570                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 571                 return 0;
 572         }
 573         errno = EBADF;
 574         return -1;
 575 }
 576
 577 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 578 {
 579         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 580         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 581         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 582 }
 583
 584 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 585 {
 586         FILETIME mft, aft;
 587         int fh, rc;
 588         DWORD attrs;
 589         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 590         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 591                 return -1;
 592
 593         /* must have write permission */
 594         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 595         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 596             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 597                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 598                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 599         }
 600
 601         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 602                 rc = -1;
 603                 goto revert_attrs;
 604         }
 605
 606         if (times) {
 607                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 608                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 609         } else {
 610                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 611                 aft = mft;
 612         }
 613         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 614                 errno = EINVAL;
 615                 rc = -1;
 616         } else
 617                 rc = 0;
 618         close(fh);
 619
 620 revert_attrs:
 621         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 622             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 623                 /* ignore errors again */
 624                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 625         }
 626         return rc;
 627 }
 628
 629 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 630 {
 631         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 632         return 0;
 633 }
 634
 635 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 636 {
 637         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 638         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 639                 return NULL;
 640         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 641                 return NULL;
 642         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 643                 return NULL;
 644         return template;
 645 }
 646
 647 int mkstemp(char *template)
 648 {
 649         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 650         if (filename == NULL)
 651                 return -1;
 652         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 653 }
 654
 655 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 656 {
 657         FILETIME ft;
 658         long long hnsec;
 659
 660         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 661         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 662         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 663         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 664         return 0;
 665 }
 666
 667 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 668 {
 669         HANDLE h[2];
 670
 671         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 672         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 673                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 674                 return -1;
 675         }
 676         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 677         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 678                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 679                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 680                 return -1;
 681         }
 682         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 683         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 684                 close(filedes[0]);
 685                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 686                 return -1;
 687         }
 688         return 0;
 689 }
 690
 691 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 692 {
 693         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 694         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 695         return result;
 696 }
 697
 698 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 699 {
 700         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 701         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 702         return result;
 703 }
 704
 705 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 706 {
 707         int i;
 708         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 709         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 710                 return NULL;
 711         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 712                 return NULL;
 713         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 714                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 715                         pointer[i] = '/';
 716         return pointer;
 717 }
 718
 719 /*
 720  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 721  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 722  */
 723 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 724 {
 725         /* count chars to quote */
 726         int len = 0, n = 0;
 727         int force_quotes = 0;
 728         char *q, *d;
 729         const char *p = arg;
 730         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 731         while (*p) {
 732                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 733                         force_quotes = 1;
 734                 else if (*p == '"')
 735                         n++;
 736                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 737                         int count = 0;
 738                         while (*p == '\\') {
 739                                 count++;
 740                                 p++;
 741                                 len++;
 742                         }
 743                         if (*p == '"')
 744                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 745                         continue;
 746                 }
 747                 len++;
 748                 p++;
 749         }
 750         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 751                 return arg;
 752
 753         /* insert \ where necessary */
 754         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 755         *d++ = '"';
 756         while (*arg) {
 757                 if (*arg == '"')
 758                         *d++ = '\\';
 759                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 760                         int count = 0;
 761                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 762                                 count++;
 763                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 764                         }
 765                         if (*arg == '"') {
 766                                 while (count-- > 0)
 767                                         *d++ = '\\';
 768                                 *d++ = '\\';
 769                         }
 770                 }
 771                 *d++ = *arg++;
 772         }
 773         *d++ = '"';
 774         *d++ = 0;
 775         return q;
 776 }
 777
 778 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 779 {
 780         static char buf[100];
 781         char *p, *opt;
 782         int n, fd;
 783
 784         /* don't even try a .exe */
 785         n = strlen(cmd);
 786         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 787                 return NULL;
 788
 789         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 790         if (fd < 0)
 791                 return NULL;
 792         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 793         close(fd);
 794         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 795                 return NULL;
 796
 797         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 798                 return NULL;
 799         buf[n] = '\0';
 800         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 801         if (!*p)
 802                 return NULL;
 803
 804         *p = '\0';
 805         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 806                 return NULL;
 807         /* strip options */
 808         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 809                 *opt = '\0';
 810         return p+1;
 811 }
 812
 813 /*
 814  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 815  */
 816 static char **get_path_split(void)
 817 {
 818         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 819         int i, n = 0;
 820
 821         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 822                 return NULL;
 823
 824         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 825         p = envpath;
 826         while (p) {
 827                 char *dir = p;
 828                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 829                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 830                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 831                         ++n;
 832                 }
 833         }
 834         if (!n)
 835                 return NULL;
 836
 837         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 838         p = envpath;
 839         i = 0;
 840         do {
 841                 if (*p)
 842                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 843                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 844         } while (i < n);
 845         path[i] = NULL;
 846
 847         free(envpath);
 848
 849         return path;
 850 }
 851
 852 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 853 {
 854         char **p = path;
 855
 856         if (!path)
 857                 return;
 858
 859         while (*p)
 860                 free(*p++);
 861         free(path);
 862 }
 863
 864 /*
 865  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 866  * (which do not have an extension)
 867  */
 868 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 869 {
 870         char path[MAX_PATH];
 871         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 872
 873         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 874                 return xstrdup(path);
 875         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 876         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 877                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 878                         return xstrdup(path);
 879         return NULL;
 880 }
 881
 882 /*
 883  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 884  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 885  */
 886 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 887 {
 888         char *prog = NULL;
 889         int len = strlen(cmd);
 890         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 891
 892         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 893                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 894
 895         while (!prog && *path)
 896                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 897
 898         return prog;
 899 }
 900
 901 static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 902 {
 903         char *const *ea = a;
 904         char *const *eb = b;
 905         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 906 }
 907
 908 struct pinfo_t {
 909         struct pinfo_t *next;
 910         pid_t pid;
 911         HANDLE proc;
 912 };
 913 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 914 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 915
 916 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 917                               const char *dir,
 918                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 919 {
 920         STARTUPINFOW si;
 921         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 922         struct strbuf envblk, args;
 923         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs;
 924         unsigned flags;
 925         BOOL ret;
 926
 927         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 928         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 929                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 930                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 931         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 932                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 933                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 934                  * would normally create a console window. But
 935                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 936                  * not need the console.
 937                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 938                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 939                  * recognize that it has no console.
 940                  */
 941                 flags = DETACHED_PROCESS;
 942         } else {
 943                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 944                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 945                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 946                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 947                  * Go figure!
 948                  */
 949                 flags = 0;
 950                 CloseHandle(cons);
 951         }
 952         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 953         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 954         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 955         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
 956         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
 957         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
 958
 959         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
 960                 return -1;
 961         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
 962                 return -1;
 963
 964         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 965         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 966         if (prepend_cmd) {
 967                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 968                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 969                 if (quoted != cmd)
 970                         free(quoted);
 971         }
 972         for (; *argv; argv++) {
 973                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
 974                 if (*args.buf)
 975                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
 976                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 977                 if (quoted != *argv)
 978                         free(quoted);
 979         }
 980
 981         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
 982         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
 983         strbuf_release(&args);
 984
 985         if (env) {
 986                 int count = 0;
 987                 char **e, **sorted_env;
 988
 989                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
 990                         count++;
 991
 992                 /* environment must be sorted */
 993                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 994                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 995                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
 996
 997                 strbuf_init(&envblk, 0);
 998                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
 999                         strbuf_addstr(&envblk, *e);
1000                         strbuf_addch(&envblk, '\0');
1001                 }
1002                 free(sorted_env);
1003         }
1004
1005         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1006         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1007                 env ? envblk.buf : NULL, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1008
1009         if (env)
1010                 strbuf_release(&envblk);
1011         free(wargs);
1012
1013         if (!ret) {
1014                 errno = ENOENT;
1015                 return -1;
1016         }
1017         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1018
1019         /*
1020          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1021          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1022          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1023          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1024          * handle after the process terminated.
1025          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1026          */
1027         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1028         {
1029                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1030                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1031                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1032                 info->next = pinfo;
1033                 pinfo = info;
1034         }
1035         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1036
1037         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1038 }
1039
1040 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1041 {
1042         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, environ, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1043 }
1044
1045 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
1046                      const char *dir,
1047                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1048 {
1049         pid_t pid;
1050         char **path = get_path_split();
1051         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1052
1053         if (!prog) {
1054                 errno = ENOENT;
1055                 pid = -1;
1056         }
1057         else {
1058                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1059
1060                 if (interpr) {
1061                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1062                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1063                         argv[0] = prog;
1064                         if (!iprog) {
1065                                 errno = ENOENT;
1066                                 pid = -1;
1067                         }
1068                         else {
1069                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
1070                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1071                                 free(iprog);
1072                         }
1073                         argv[0] = argv0;
1074                 }
1075                 else
1076                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
1077                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1078                 free(prog);
1079         }
1080         free_path_split(path);
1081         return pid;
1082 }
1083
1084 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1085 {
1086         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1087         char **path;
1088         char *prog;
1089         int pid = 0;
1090
1091         if (!interpr)
1092                 return 0;
1093         path = get_path_split();
1094         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1095         if (prog) {
1096                 int argc = 0;
1097                 const char **argv2;
1098                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1099                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1100                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1101                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1102                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1103                 if (pid >= 0) {
1104                         int status;
1105                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1106                                 status = 255;
1107                         exit(status);
1108                 }
1109                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1110                 free(prog);
1111                 free(argv2);
1112         }
1113         free_path_split(path);
1114         return pid;
1115 }
1116
1117 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1118 {
1119         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1120         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1121                 int pid, status;
1122
1123                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1124                 if (pid < 0)
1125                         return -1;
1126                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1127                         status = 255;
1128                 exit(status);
1129         }
1130         return -1;
1131 }
1132
1133 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1134 {
1135         char **path = get_path_split();
1136         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1137
1138         if (prog) {
1139                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1140                 free(prog);
1141         } else
1142                 errno = ENOENT;
1143
1144         free_path_split(path);
1145         return -1;
1146 }
1147
1148 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1149 {
1150         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1151                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1152
1153                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1154                         CloseHandle(h);
1155                         return 0;
1156                 }
1157
1158                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1159                 CloseHandle(h);
1160                 return -1;
1161         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1162                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1163                 if (h) {
1164                         CloseHandle(h);
1165                         return 0;
1166                 }
1167         }
1168
1169         errno = EINVAL;
1170         return -1;
1171 }
1172
1173 static char **copy_environ(void)
1174 {
1175         char **env;
1176         int i = 0;
1177         while (environ[i])
1178                 i++;
1179         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1180         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1181                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1182         env[i] = NULL;
1183         return env;
1184 }
1185
1186 void free_environ(char **env)
1187 {
1188         int i;
1189         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1190                 free(env[i]);
1191         free(env);
1192 }
1193
1194 static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1195 {
1196         int i;
1197
1198         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1199                 if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
1200                     && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1201                         /* matches */
1202                         return i;
1203         }
1204         return -1;
1205 }
1206
1207 /*
1208  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1209  */
1210 static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
1211 {
1212         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1213         int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
1214
1215         if (i < 0) {
1216                 if (*eq) {
1217                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1218                                 ;
1219                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1220                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1221                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1222                 }
1223         }
1224         else {
1225                 free(env[i]);
1226                 if (*eq)
1227                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1228                 else
1229                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1230                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1231         }
1232         return env;
1233 }
1234
1235 /*
1236  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1237  */
1238 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1239 {
1240         char **env = copy_environ();
1241
1242         while (*vars)
1243                 env = env_setenv(env, *vars++);
1244         return env;
1245 }
1246
1247 #undef getenv
1248
1249 /*
1250  * The system's getenv looks up the name in a case-insensitive manner.
1251  * This version tries a case-sensitive lookup and falls back to
1252  * case-insensitive if nothing was found.  This is necessary because,
1253  * as a prominent example, CMD sets 'Path', but not 'PATH'.
1254  * Warning: not thread-safe.
1255  */
1256 static char *getenv_cs(const char *name)
1257 {
1258         size_t len = strlen(name);
1259         int i = lookup_env(environ, name, len);
1260         if (i >= 0)
1261                 return environ[i] + len + 1;    /* skip past name and '=' */
1262         return getenv(name);
1263 }
1264
1265 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1266 {
1267         char *result = getenv_cs(name);
1268         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1269                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1270                 result = getenv_cs("TMP");
1271                 if (!result)
1272                         result = getenv_cs("TEMP");
1273         }
1274         return result;
1275 }
1276
1277 /*
1278  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1279  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1280  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1281  * if one was found.
1282  */
1283 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1284                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1285                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1286 {
1287         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1288         struct addrinfo *ai;
1289         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1290
1291         if (node) {
1292                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1293                 if (!h)
1294                         return WSAGetLastError();
1295         }
1296
1297         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1298         *res = ai;
1299         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1300         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1301         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1302         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1303         case SOCK_STREAM:
1304                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1305                 break;
1306         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1307                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1308                 break;
1309         default:
1310                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1311                 break;
1312         }
1313         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1314         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1315                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1316         else
1317                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1318
1319         sin = xcalloc(1, ai->ai_addrlen);
1320         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1321         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1322          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1323          * currently not implemented */
1324         if (service)
1325                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1326         if (h)
1327                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1328         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1329                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1330         else
1331                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1332         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1333         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1334         return 0;
1335 }
1336
1337 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1338 {
1339         free(res->ai_canonname);
1340         free(res->ai_addr);
1341         free(res);
1342 }
1343
1344 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1345                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1346                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1347 {
1348         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1349         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1350                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1351         if (!host && !serv)
1352                 return EAI_NONAME;
1353
1354         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1355                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1356                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1357                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1358                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1359
1360                 if (ent)
1361                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1362                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1363                         return EAI_NONAME;
1364                 else
1365                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1366         }
1367
1368         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1369                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1370                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1371                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1372                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1373
1374                 if (ent)
1375                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1376                 else
1377                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1378         }
1379
1380         return 0;
1381 }
1382
1383 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1384 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1385 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1386                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1387                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1388 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1389                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1390                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1391 /*
1392  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1393  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1394  */
1395
1396 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1397 {
1398         WSACleanup();
1399         if (ipv6_dll)
1400                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1401         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1402         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1403         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1404         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1405 }
1406
1407 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1408 {
1409         WSADATA wsa;
1410         static int initialized = 0;
1411         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1412         const char **name;
1413
1414         if (initialized)
1415                 return;
1416
1417         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1418                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1419                         WSAGetLastError());
1420
1421         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1422                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1423                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1424                         continue;
1425
1426                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1427                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1428                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1429                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1430                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1431                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1432                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1433                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1434                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1435                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1436                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1437                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1438                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1439                 } else
1440                         break;
1441         }
1442         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1443                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1444                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1445                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1446         }
1447
1448         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1449         initialized = 1;
1450 }
1451
1452 #undef gethostname
1453 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1454 {
1455     ensure_socket_initialization();
1456     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1457 }
1458
1459 #undef gethostbyname
1460 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1461 {
1462         ensure_socket_initialization();
1463         return gethostbyname(host);
1464 }
1465
1466 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1467 {
1468         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1469 }
1470
1471 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1472                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1473 {
1474         ensure_socket_initialization();
1475         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1476 }
1477
1478 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1479                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1480                       int flags)
1481 {
1482         ensure_socket_initialization();
1483         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1484 }
1485
1486 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1487 {
1488         int sockfd;
1489         SOCKET s;
1490
1491         ensure_socket_initialization();
1492         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1493         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1494                 /*
1495                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1496                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1497                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1498                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1499                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1500                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1501                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1502                  */
1503                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1504                 return -1;
1505         }
1506         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1507         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1508                 closesocket(s);
1509                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1510                         strerror(errno));
1511         }
1512         return sockfd;
1513 }
1514
1515 #undef connect
1516 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1517 {
1518         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1519         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1520 }
1521
1522 #undef bind
1523 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1524 {
1525         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1526         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1527 }
1528
1529 #undef setsockopt
1530 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1531 {
1532         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1533         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1534 }
1535
1536 #undef shutdown
1537 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1538 {
1539         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1540         return shutdown(s, how);
1541 }
1542
1543 #undef listen
1544 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1545 {
1546         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1547         return listen(s, backlog);
1548 }
1549
1550 #undef accept
1551 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1552 {
1553         int sockfd2;
1554
1555         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1556         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1557
1558         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1559         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1560                 int err = errno;
1561                 closesocket(s2);
1562                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1563                         strerror(err));
1564         }
1565         return sockfd2;
1566 }
1567
1568 #undef rename
1569 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1570 {
1571         DWORD attrs, gle;
1572         int tries = 0;
1573         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1574         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1575                 return -1;
1576
1577         /*
1578          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1579          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1580          */
1581         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1582                 return 0;
1583         if (errno != EEXIST)
1584                 return -1;
1585 repeat:
1586         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1587                 return 0;
1588         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1589         gle = GetLastError();
1590         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1591             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1592                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1593                         errno = EISDIR;
1594                         return -1;
1595                 }
1596                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1597                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1598                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1599                                 return 0;
1600                         gle = GetLastError();
1601                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1602                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1603                 }
1604         }
1605         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1606                 /*
1607                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1608                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1609                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1610                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1611                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1612                  */
1613                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1614                 tries++;
1615                 goto repeat;
1616         }
1617         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1618                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1619                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1620                 goto repeat;
1621
1622         errno = EACCES;
1623         return -1;
1624 }
1625
1626 /*
1627  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1628  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1629  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1630  */
1631 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1632 {
1633         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1634         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1635         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1636 }
1637
1638 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1639 {
1640         static char user_name[100];
1641         static struct passwd p;
1642
1643         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1644         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1645                 return NULL;
1646         p.pw_name = user_name;
1647         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1648         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1649         return &p;
1650 }
1651
1652 static HANDLE timer_event;
1653 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1654 static int timer_interval;
1655 static int one_shot;
1656 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1657
1658 /* The timer works like this:
1659  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1660  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1661  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1662  * state.
1663  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1664  * length to call the signal handler.
1665  */
1666
1667 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1668 {
1669         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1670                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1671                 if (one_shot)
1672                         break;
1673         }
1674         return 0;
1675 }
1676
1677 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1678 {
1679         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1680         if (timer_event) {
1681                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1682                 if (!timer_thread )
1683                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1684                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1685         } else
1686                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1687                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1688         return 0;
1689 }
1690
1691 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1692 {
1693         if (timer_event)
1694                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1695         if (timer_thread) {
1696                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1697                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1698                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1699                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1700                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1701                               GetLastError());
1702                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1703         }
1704         if (timer_event)
1705                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1706         timer_event = NULL;
1707         timer_thread = NULL;
1708 }
1709
1710 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1711 {
1712         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1713 }
1714
1715 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1716 {
1717         static const struct timeval zero;
1718         static int atexit_done;
1719
1720         if (out != NULL)
1721                 return errno = EINVAL,
1722                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1723         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1724             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1725                 return errno = EINVAL,
1726                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1727
1728         if (timer_thread)
1729                 stop_timer_thread();
1730
1731         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1732             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1733                 return 0;
1734
1735         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1736         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1737         if (!atexit_done) {
1738                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1739                 atexit_done = 1;
1740         }
1741         return start_timer_thread();
1742 }
1743
1744 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1745 {
1746         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1747                 return errno = EINVAL,
1748                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1749         if (out != NULL)
1750                 return errno = EINVAL,
1751                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1752
1753         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1754         return 0;
1755 }
1756
1757 #undef signal
1758 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1759 {
1760         sig_handler_t old;
1761
1762         switch (sig) {
1763         case SIGALRM:
1764                 old = timer_fn;
1765                 timer_fn = handler;
1766                 break;
1767
1768         case SIGINT:
1769                 old = sigint_fn;
1770                 sigint_fn = handler;
1771                 break;
1772
1773         default:
1774                 return signal(sig, handler);
1775         }
1776
1777         return old;
1778 }
1779
1780 #undef raise
1781 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1782 {
1783         switch (sig) {
1784         case SIGALRM:
1785                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1786                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1787                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1788                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1789                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1790                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1791                 return 0;
1792
1793         case SIGINT:
1794                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1795                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1796                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1797                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1798                 return 0;
1799
1800         default:
1801                 return raise(sig);
1802         }
1803 }
1804
1805
1806 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1807 {
1808         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1809         char *c;
1810
1811         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1812                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1813
1814         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1815                 if (*c == '/')
1816                         *c = '\\';
1817         }
1818         return buf;
1819 }
1820
1821 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1822 {
1823         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1824         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1825                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1826         T ShellExecute;
1827         HMODULE shell32;
1828         int r;
1829
1830         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1831         if (!shell32)
1832                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1833         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1834         if (!ShellExecute)
1835                 die("cannot run browser");
1836
1837         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1838         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1839         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1840         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1841         if (r <= 32) {
1842                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1843         }
1844 }
1845
1846 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1847 {
1848         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1849         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1850         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1851         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1852                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1853                 return -1;
1854
1855         if (!create_hard_link) {
1856                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1857                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1858                 if (!create_hard_link)
1859                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1860         }
1861         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1862                 errno = ENOSYS;
1863                 return -1;
1864         }
1865         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1866                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1867                 return -1;
1868         }
1869         return 0;
1870 }
1871
1872 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1873 {
1874         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1875             FALSE, pid);
1876         if (!h) {
1877                 errno = ECHILD;
1878                 return -1;
1879         }
1880
1881         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1882                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1883                         CloseHandle(h);
1884                         return 0;
1885                 }
1886                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1887         }
1888
1889         if (options == 0) {
1890                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1891                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1892                         CloseHandle(h);
1893                         return 0;
1894                 }
1895
1896                 if (status)
1897                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1898
1899                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1900
1901                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1902                 while (*ppinfo) {
1903                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1904                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1905                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1906                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1907                                 free(info);
1908                                 break;
1909                         }
1910                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1911                 }
1912
1913                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1914
1915                 CloseHandle(h);
1916                 return pid;
1917         }
1918         CloseHandle(h);
1919
1920         errno = EINVAL;
1921         return -1;
1922 }
1923
1924 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1925 {
1926         int offset = 0;
1927         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1928                 offset = 2;
1929
1930         /* unc paths */
1931         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1932
1933                 /* skip server name */
1934                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1935                 if (!pos)
1936                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1937
1938                 do {
1939                         pos++;
1940                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1941
1942                 offset = pos - path;
1943         }
1944
1945         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1946 }
1947
1948 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1949 {
1950         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1951         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1952         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1953                 errno = EINVAL;
1954                 return -1;
1955         }
1956         /* reserve space for \0 */
1957         wcslen--;
1958         if (utflen < 0)
1959                 utflen = INT_MAX;
1960
1961         while (upos < utflen) {
1962                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1963                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1964                         break;
1965
1966                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1967                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
1968                         errno = ERANGE;
1969                         return -1;
1970                 }
1971
1972                 if (c < 0x80) {
1973                         /* ASCII */
1974                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1975                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1976                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1977                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1978                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1979                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1980                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1981                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
1982                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
1983                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1984                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1985                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
1986                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
1987                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
1988                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1989                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1990                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
1991                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
1992                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
1993                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
1994                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1995                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1996                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1997                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
1998                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
1999                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2000                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2001                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2002                         c -= 0x10000;
2003                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2004                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2005                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2006                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2007                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2008                 } else {
2009                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2010                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2011                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2012                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2013                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2014                 }
2015         }
2016         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2017         return wpos;
2018 }
2019
2020 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2021 {
2022         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2023                 errno = EINVAL;
2024                 return -1;
2025         }
2026         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2027         if (utflen)
2028                 return utflen - 1;
2029         errno = ERANGE;
2030         return -1;
2031 }
2032
2033 /*
2034  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2035  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2036  */
2037 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2038
2039 typedef struct {
2040         int newmode;
2041 } _startupinfo;
2042
2043 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2044                 _startupinfo *si);
2045
2046 static NORETURN void die_startup()
2047 {
2048         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2049         exit(128);
2050 }
2051
2052 void mingw_startup()
2053 {
2054         int i, len, maxlen, argc;
2055         char *buffer;
2056         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2057         _startupinfo si;
2058
2059         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2060         si.newmode = 0;
2061         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2062                 die_startup();
2063
2064         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2065         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2066         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2067                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2068
2069         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2070         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2071         buffer = xmalloc(maxlen);
2072
2073         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2074         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2075         __argv[0] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2076         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2077                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2078                 __argv[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2079         }
2080         free(buffer);
2081
2082         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2083         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2084
2085         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2086         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2087         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2088         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2089         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2090
2091         /* initialize Unicode console */
2092         winansi_init();
2093 }