builtin/init-db.c

   1 /*
   2  * GIT - The information manager from hell
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
   5  */
   6 #include "cache.h"
   7 #include "config.h"
   8 #include "refs.h"
   9 #include "builtin.h"
  10 #include "exec-cmd.h"
  11 #include "parse-options.h"
  12
  13 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
  14 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
  15 #endif
  16
  17 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
  18 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
  19 #else
  20 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
  21 #endif
  22
  23 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
  24 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
  25 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
  26
  27 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf *path, struct strbuf *template_path,
  28                              DIR *dir)
  29 {
  30         size_t path_baselen = path->len;
  31         size_t template_baselen = template_path->len;
  32         struct dirent *de;
  33
  34         /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
  35          * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
  36          * cause "git init" to fail here.  I think this is sane but
  37          * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
  38          * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
  39          * be really carefully chosen.
  40          */
  41         safe_create_dir(path->buf, 1);
  42         while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
  43                 struct stat st_git, st_template;
  44                 int exists = 0;
  45
  46                 strbuf_setlen(path, path_baselen);
  47                 strbuf_setlen(template_path, template_baselen);
  48
  49                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
  50                         continue;
  51                 strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
  52                 strbuf_addstr(template_path, de->d_name);
  53                 if (lstat(path->buf, &st_git)) {
  54                         if (errno != ENOENT)
  55                                 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path->buf);
  56                 }
  57                 else
  58                         exists = 1;
  59
  60                 if (lstat(template_path->buf, &st_template))
  61                         die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  62
  63                 if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
  64                         DIR *subdir = opendir(template_path->buf);
  65                         if (!subdir)
  66                                 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  67                         strbuf_addch(path, '/');
  68                         strbuf_addch(template_path, '/');
  69                         copy_templates_1(path, template_path, subdir);
  70                         closedir(subdir);
  71                 }
  72                 else if (exists)
  73                         continue;
  74                 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
  75                         struct strbuf lnk = STRBUF_INIT;
  76                         if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk, template_path->buf,
  77                                             st_template.st_size) < 0)
  78                                 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  79                         if (symlink(lnk.buf, path->buf))
  80                                 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
  81                                           lnk.buf, path->buf);
  82                         strbuf_release(&lnk);
  83                 }
  84                 else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
  85                         if (copy_file(path->buf, template_path->buf, st_template.st_mode))
  86                                 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
  87                                           template_path->buf, path->buf);
  88                 }
  89                 else
  90                         error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path->buf);
  91         }
  92 }
  93
  94 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
  95 {
  96         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
  97         struct strbuf template_path = STRBUF_INIT;
  98         size_t template_len;
  99         struct repository_format template_format = REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT;
 100         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 101         DIR *dir;
 102         char *to_free = NULL;
 103
 104         if (!template_dir)
 105                 template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 106         if (!template_dir)
 107                 template_dir = init_db_template_dir;
 108         if (!template_dir)
 109                 template_dir = to_free = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
 110         if (!template_dir[0]) {
 111                 free(to_free);
 112                 return;
 113         }
 114
 115         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, template_dir);
 116         strbuf_complete(&template_path, '/');
 117         template_len = template_path.len;
 118
 119         dir = opendir(template_path.buf);
 120         if (!dir) {
 121                 warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir);
 122                 goto free_return;
 123         }
 124
 125         /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
 126         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, "config");
 127         read_repository_format(&template_format, template_path.buf);
 128         strbuf_setlen(&template_path, template_len);
 129
 130         /*
 131          * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
 132          * verified.
 133          */
 134         if (template_format.version >= 0 &&
 135             verify_repository_format(&template_format, &err) < 0) {
 136                 warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
 137                           template_dir, err.buf);
 138                 strbuf_release(&err);
 139                 goto close_free_return;
 140         }
 141
 142         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_git_common_dir());
 143         strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
 144         copy_templates_1(&path, &template_path, dir);
 145 close_free_return:
 146         closedir(dir);
 147 free_return:
 148         free(to_free);
 149         strbuf_release(&path);
 150         strbuf_release(&template_path);
 151         clear_repository_format(&template_format);
 152 }
 153
 154 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 155 {
 156         if (!strcmp(k, "init.templatedir"))
 157                 return git_config_pathname(&init_db_template_dir, k, v);
 158
 159         if (starts_with(k, "core."))
 160                 return platform_core_config(k, v, cb);
 161
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 /*
 166  * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
 167  * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
 168  */
 169 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir, const char *work_tree)
 170 {
 171         if (!strcmp(work_tree, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 172                 return 0;
 173         if (skip_prefix(git_dir, work_tree, &git_dir) &&
 174             !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 175                 return 0;
 176         return 1;
 177 }
 178
 179 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
 180                                 const char *original_git_dir)
 181 {
 182         struct stat st1;
 183         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 184         char *path;
 185         char repo_version_string[10];
 186         char junk[2];
 187         int reinit;
 188         int filemode;
 189         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 190
 191         /* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
 192         init_db_template_dir = NULL; /* re-set in case it was set before */
 193         git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
 194
 195         /*
 196          * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
 197          * config file there, in which case we would want to read
 198          * from it after installing.
 199          *
 200          * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
 201          * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
 202          * disk).
 203          */
 204         copy_templates(template_path);
 205         git_config_clear();
 206         reset_shared_repository();
 207         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 208
 209         /*
 210          * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
 211          * values we might have just re-read from the config.
 212          */
 213         is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 214         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 215                 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 216
 217         /*
 218          * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
 219          * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
 220          */
 221         if (get_shared_repository()) {
 222                 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
 223         }
 224
 225         /*
 226          * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
 227          * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
 228          */
 229         safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
 230         adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
 231
 232         if (refs_init_db(&err))
 233                 die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err.buf);
 234
 235         /*
 236          * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
 237          * branch, if it does not exist yet.
 238          */
 239         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "HEAD");
 240         reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
 241                   || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
 242         if (!reinit) {
 243                 if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
 244                         exit(1);
 245         }
 246
 247         /* This forces creation of new config file */
 248         xsnprintf(repo_version_string, sizeof(repo_version_string),
 249                   "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
 250         git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
 251
 252         /* Check filemode trustability */
 253         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
 254         filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
 255         if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
 256                 struct stat st2;
 257                 filemode = (!chmod(path, st1.st_mode ^ S_IXUSR) &&
 258                                 !lstat(path, &st2) &&
 259                                 st1.st_mode != st2.st_mode &&
 260                                 !chmod(path, st1.st_mode));
 261                 if (filemode && !reinit && (st1.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
 262                         filemode = 0;
 263         }
 264         git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
 265
 266         if (is_bare_repository())
 267                 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
 268         else {
 269                 const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 270                 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
 271                 /* allow template config file to override the default */
 272                 if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
 273                         git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
 274                 if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir, work_tree))
 275                         git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
 276         }
 277
 278         if (!reinit) {
 279                 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
 280                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "tXXXXXX");
 281                 if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
 282                     !unlink(path) &&
 283                     !symlink("testing", path) &&
 284                     !lstat(path, &st1) &&
 285                     S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
 286                         unlink(path); /* good */
 287                 else
 288                         git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
 289
 290                 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
 291                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "CoNfIg");
 292                 if (!access(path, F_OK))
 293                         git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
 294                 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
 295         }
 296
 297         strbuf_release(&buf);
 298         return reinit;
 299 }
 300
 301 static void create_object_directory(void)
 302 {
 303         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 304         size_t baselen;
 305
 306         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_object_directory());
 307         baselen = path.len;
 308
 309         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 310
 311         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 312         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
 313         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 314
 315         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 316         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/info");
 317         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 318
 319         strbuf_release(&path);
 320 }
 321
 322 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir, const char *git_link)
 323 {
 324         struct stat st;
 325
 326         if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
 327                 const char *src;
 328
 329                 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 330                         src = read_gitfile(git_link);
 331                 else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 332                         src = git_link;
 333                 else
 334                         die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
 335
 336                 if (rename(src, git_dir))
 337                         die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
 338         }
 339
 340         write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
 341 }
 342
 343 int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
 344             const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 345 {
 346         int reinit;
 347         int exist_ok = flags & INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
 348         char *original_git_dir = real_pathdup(git_dir, 1);
 349
 350         if (real_git_dir) {
 351                 struct stat st;
 352
 353                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
 354                         die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
 355
 356                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
 357                         die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
 358
 359                 set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
 360                 git_dir = get_git_dir();
 361                 separate_git_dir(git_dir, original_git_dir);
 362         }
 363         else {
 364                 set_git_dir(real_path(git_dir));
 365                 git_dir = get_git_dir();
 366         }
 367         startup_info->have_repository = 1;
 368
 369         /* Just look for `core.hidedotfiles` */
 370         git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
 371
 372         safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
 373
 374         init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
 375
 376         /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
 377          * Note that a newly created repository does not have
 378          * config file, so this will not fail.  What we are catching
 379          * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
 380          */
 381         check_repository_format();
 382
 383         reinit = create_default_files(template_dir, original_git_dir);
 384
 385         create_object_directory();
 386
 387         if (get_shared_repository()) {
 388                 char buf[10];
 389                 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
 390                  * the configuration can be read by older version
 391                  * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
 392                  * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
 393                  * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 394                  */
 395                 if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
 396                         /* force to the mode value */
 397                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
 398                 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP)
 399                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
 400                 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY)
 401                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
 402                 else
 403                         BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
 404                 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 405                 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 406         }
 407
 408         if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
 409                 int len = strlen(git_dir);
 410
 411                 if (reinit)
 412                         printf(get_shared_repository()
 413                                ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
 414                                : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
 415                                git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 416                 else
 417                         printf(get_shared_repository()
 418                                ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
 419                                : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
 420                                git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 421         }
 422
 423         free(original_git_dir);
 424         return 0;
 425 }
 426
 427 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
 428 {
 429         const char *slash;
 430         char *cwd;
 431         int cwd_is_git_dir;
 432
 433         /*
 434          * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
 435          * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
 436          */
 437         if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
 438                 return 1;
 439         cwd = xgetcwd();
 440         cwd_is_git_dir = !strcmp(git_dir, cwd);
 441         free(cwd);
 442         if (cwd_is_git_dir)
 443                 return 1;
 444         /*
 445          * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
 446          */
 447         if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
 448                 return 0;
 449         slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 450         if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
 451                 return 0;
 452
 453         /*
 454          * Otherwise it is often bare.  At this point
 455          * we are just guessing.
 456          */
 457         return 1;
 458 }
 459
 460 static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 461 {
 462         BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 463         *((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
 464         return 0;
 465 }
 466
 467 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
 468         N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
 469         NULL
 470 };
 471
 472 /*
 473  * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
 474  * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
 475  * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
 476  * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
 477  */
 478 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 479 {
 480         const char *git_dir;
 481         const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
 482         const char *work_tree;
 483         const char *template_dir = NULL;
 484         unsigned int flags = 0;
 485         const struct option init_db_options[] = {
 486                 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
 487                                 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
 488                 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
 489                                 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
 490                 { OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
 491                         N_("permissions"),
 492                         N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
 493                         PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
 494                 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
 495                 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
 496                            N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
 497                 OPT_END()
 498         };
 499
 500         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
 501
 502         if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
 503                 real_git_dir = real_pathdup(real_git_dir, 1);
 504
 505         if (template_dir && *template_dir && !is_absolute_path(template_dir))
 506                 template_dir = absolute_pathdup(template_dir);
 507
 508         if (argc == 1) {
 509                 int mkdir_tried = 0;
 510         retry:
 511                 if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
 512                         if (!mkdir_tried) {
 513                                 int saved;
 514                                 /*
 515                                  * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
 516                                  * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
 517                                  * but just in case we play safe.
 518                                  */
 519                                 saved = get_shared_repository();
 520                                 set_shared_repository(0);
 521                                 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
 522                                 case SCLD_OK:
 523                                 case SCLD_PERMS:
 524                                         break;
 525                                 case SCLD_EXISTS:
 526                                         errno = EEXIST;
 527                                         /* fallthru */
 528                                 default:
 529                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 530                                         break;
 531                                 }
 532                                 set_shared_repository(saved);
 533                                 if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
 534                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 535                                 mkdir_tried = 1;
 536                                 goto retry;
 537                         }
 538                         die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
 539                 }
 540         } else if (0 < argc) {
 541                 usage(init_db_usage[0]);
 542         }
 543         if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
 544                 char *cwd = xgetcwd();
 545                 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, argc > 0);
 546                 free(cwd);
 547         }
 548
 549         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 550                 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 551
 552         /*
 553          * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
 554          * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
 555          */
 556         git_dir = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT));
 557         work_tree = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT));
 558         if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
 559                 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
 560                           "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
 561                     GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 562                     GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 563
 564         /*
 565          * Set up the default .git directory contents
 566          */
 567         if (!git_dir)
 568                 git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
 569
 570         if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
 571                 is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
 572
 573         if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
 574                 const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 575                 if (git_dir_parent) {
 576                         char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
 577                         git_work_tree_cfg = real_pathdup(rel, 1);
 578                         free(rel);
 579                 }
 580                 if (!git_work_tree_cfg)
 581                         git_work_tree_cfg = xgetcwd();
 582                 if (work_tree)
 583                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 584                 else
 585                         set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
 586                 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
 587                         die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
 588                                    get_git_work_tree());
 589         }
 590         else {
 591                 if (work_tree)
 592                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 593         }
 594
 595         UNLEAK(real_git_dir);
 596         UNLEAK(git_dir);
 597         UNLEAK(work_tree);
 598
 599         flags |= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
 600         return init_db(git_dir, real_git_dir, template_dir, flags);
 601 }