6 git-receive-pack - Receive what is pushed into the repository
12 'git-receive-pack' <directory>
16 Invoked by 'git send-pack' and updates the repository with the
17 information fed from the remote end.
19 This command is usually not invoked directly by the end user.
20 The UI for the protocol is on the 'git send-pack' side, and the
21 program pair is meant to be used to push updates to remote
22 repository. For pull operations, see linkgit:git-fetch-pack[1].
24 The command allows for creation and fast-forwarding of sha1 refs
25 (heads/tags) on the remote end (strictly speaking, it is the
26 local end 'git-receive-pack' runs, but to the user who is sitting at
27 the send-pack end, it is updating the remote. Confused?)
29 There are other real-world examples of using update and
30 post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory.
32 'git-receive-pack' honours the receive.denyNonFastForwards config
33 option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they
34 are not fast-forwards.
39 The repository to sync into.
43 Before any ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive file exists
44 and is executable, it will be invoked once with no parameters. The
45 standard input of the hook will be one line per ref to be updated:
47 sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF
49 The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
50 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
51 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
52 the update. Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0\{40},
53 while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0\{40}, otherwise
54 sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in the repository.
56 When accepting a signed push (see linkgit:git-push[1]), the signed
57 push certificate is stored in a blob and an environment variable
58 `GIT_PUSH_CERT` can be consulted for its object name. See the
59 description of `post-receive` hook for an example. In addition, the
60 certificate is verified using GPG and the result is exported with
61 the following environment variables:
63 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER`::
64 The name and the e-mail address of the owner of the key that
65 signed the push certificate.
68 The GPG key ID of the key that signed the push certificate.
70 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS`::
71 The status of GPG verification of the push certificate,
72 using the same mnemonic as used in `%G?` format of `git log`
73 family of commands (see linkgit:git-log[1]).
75 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE`::
76 The nonce string the process asked the signer to include
77 in the push certificate. If this does not match the value
78 recorded on the "nonce" header in the push certificate, it
79 may indicate that the certificate is a valid one that is
80 being replayed from a separate "git push" session.
82 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS`::
84 "git push --signed" sent a nonce when we did not ask it to
87 "git push --signed" did not send any nonce header.
89 "git push --signed" sent a bogus nonce.
91 "git push --signed" sent the nonce we asked it to send.
93 "git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
94 asked it to send now, but in a previous session. See
95 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP` environment variable.
97 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP`::
98 "git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
99 asked it to send now, but in a different session whose
100 starting time is different by this many seconds from the
101 current session. Only meaningful when
102 `GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS` says `SLOP`.
103 Also read about `receive.certNonceSlop` variable in
104 linkgit:git-config[1].
106 This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
107 fast-forward checks are performed.
109 If the pre-receive hook exits with a non-zero exit status no updates
110 will be performed, and the update, post-receive and post-update
111 hooks will not be invoked either. This can be useful to quickly
112 bail out if the update is not to be supported.
116 Before each ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/update file exists
117 and is executable, it is invoked once per ref, with three parameters:
119 $GIT_DIR/hooks/update refname sha1-old sha1-new
121 The refname parameter is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
122 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 arguments are
123 the object names for the refname before and after the update.
124 Note that the hook is called before the refname is updated,
125 so either sha1-old is 0\{40} (meaning there is no such ref yet),
126 or it should match what is recorded in refname.
128 The hook should exit with non-zero status if it wants to disallow
129 updating the named ref. Otherwise it should exit with zero.
131 Successful execution (a zero exit status) of this hook does not
132 ensure the ref will actually be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
133 As such it is not a good idea to send notices (e.g. email) from
134 this hook. Consider using the post-receive hook instead.
138 After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
139 ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
140 file exists and is executable, it will be invoked once with no
141 parameters. The standard input of the hook will be one line
142 for each successfully updated ref:
144 sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF
146 The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
147 head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
148 each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
149 the update. Refs that were created will have sha1-old equal to
150 0\{40}, while refs that were deleted will have sha1-new equal to
151 0\{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
154 The `GIT_PUSH_CERT*` environment variables can be inspected, just as
155 in `pre-receive` hook, after accepting a signed push.
157 Using this hook, it is easy to generate mails describing the updates
158 to the repository. This example script sends one mail message per
159 ref listing the commits pushed to the repository, and logs the push
160 certificates of signed pushes with good signatures to a logger
164 # mail out commit update information.
165 while read oval nval ref
167 if expr "$oval" : '0*$' >/dev/null
169 echo "Created a new ref, with the following commits:"
170 git rev-list --pretty "$nval"
173 git rev-list --pretty "$nval" "^$oval"
175 mail -s "Changes to ref $ref" commit-list@mydomain
177 # log signed push certificate, if any
178 if test -n "${GIT_PUSH_CERT-}" && test ${GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS} = G
181 echo expected nonce is ${GIT_PUSH_NONCE}
182 git cat-file blob ${GIT_PUSH_CERT}
183 ) | mail -s "push certificate from $GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER" push-log@mydomain
187 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored, however a
188 non-zero exit code will generate an error message.
190 Note that it is possible for refname to not have sha1-new when this
191 hook runs. This can easily occur if another user modifies the ref
192 after it was updated by 'git-receive-pack', but before the hook was able
193 to evaluate it. It is recommended that hooks rely on sha1-new
194 rather than the current value of refname.
198 After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
199 if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
200 post-update will be called with the list of refs that have been updated.
201 This can be used to implement any repository wide cleanup tasks.
203 The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored; the only thing
204 left for 'git-receive-pack' to do at that point is to exit itself
207 This hook can be used, for example, to run `git update-server-info`
208 if the repository is packed and is served via a dumb transport.
211 exec git update-server-info
216 linkgit:git-send-pack[1], linkgit:gitnamespaces[7]
220 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite