4 The config API gives callers a way to access Git configuration files
5 (and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
6 discussion of the config file syntax.
11 Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a
12 caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible
13 for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore
14 some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed
15 several times during the run of a Git program, with different callbacks
16 picking out different variables useful to themselves.
18 A config callback function takes three parameters:
20 - the name of the parsed variable. This is in canonical "flat" form: the
21 section, subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots,
22 and the section and variable segments will be all lowercase. E.g.,
23 `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
25 - the value of the found variable, as a string. If the variable had no
26 value specified, the value will be NULL (typically this means it
27 should be interpreted as boolean true).
29 - a void pointer passed in by the caller of the config API; this can
30 contain callback-specific data
32 A config callback should return 0 for success, or -1 if the variable
33 could not be parsed properly.
38 Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files
39 that Git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
40 call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer.
42 `git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing
43 priority. Thus a callback should typically overwrite previously-seen
44 entries with new ones (e.g., if both the user-wide `~/.gitconfig` and
45 repo-specific `.git/config` contain `color.ui`, the config machinery
46 will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the
47 repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific
48 value is left at the end).
50 The `config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
51 while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
52 almost never be used by "regular" Git code that is looking up
53 configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
54 `git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
55 process. It takes two extra parameters:
58 If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the source to parse for
59 configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. See `struct
60 git_config_source` in `config.h` for details. Regular `git_config` defaults
64 Specify options to adjust the behavior of parsing config files. See `struct
65 config_options` in `config.h` for details. As an example: regular `git_config`
66 sets `opts.respect_includes` to `1` by default.
68 Reading Specific Files
69 ----------------------
71 To read a specific file in git-config format, use
72 `git_config_from_file`. This takes the same callback and data parameters
75 Querying For Specific Variables
76 -------------------------------
78 For programs wanting to query for specific variables in a non-callback
79 manner, the config API provides two functions `git_config_get_value`
80 and `git_config_get_value_multi`. They both read values from an internal
81 cache generated previously from reading the config files.
83 `int git_config_get_value(const char *key, const char **value)`::
85 Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key`,
86 stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0. When the
87 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching
88 `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it is owned
91 `const struct string_list *git_config_get_value_multi(const char *key)`::
93 Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority
94 for the configuration variable `key`. When the configuration variable
95 `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller should not free or modify
96 the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache.
98 `void git_config_clear(void)`::
100 Resets and invalidates the config cache.
102 The config API also provides type specific API functions which do conversion
103 as well as retrieval for the queried variable, including:
105 `int git_config_get_int(const char *key, int *dest)`::
107 Finds and parses the value to an integer for the configuration variable
108 `key`. Dies on error; otherwise, stores the value of the parsed integer in
109 `dest` and returns 0. When the configuration variable `key` is not found,
110 returns 1 without touching `dest`.
112 `int git_config_get_ulong(const char *key, unsigned long *dest)`::
114 Similar to `git_config_get_int` but for unsigned longs.
116 `int git_config_get_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`::
118 Finds and parses the value into a boolean value, for the configuration
119 variable `key` respecting keywords like "true" and "false". Integer
120 values are converted into true/false values (when they are non-zero or
121 zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If parsing is successful,
122 stores the value of the parsed result in `dest` and returns 0. When the
123 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without touching
126 `int git_config_get_bool_or_int(const char *key, int *is_bool, int *dest)`::
128 Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that integers are copied as-is,
129 and `is_bool` flag is unset.
131 `int git_config_get_maybe_bool(const char *key, int *dest)`::
133 Similar to `git_config_get_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error
136 `int git_config_get_string_const(const char *key, const char **dest)`::
138 Allocates and copies the retrieved string into the `dest` parameter for
139 the configuration variable `key`; if NULL string is given, prints an
140 error message and returns -1. When the configuration variable `key` is
141 not found, returns 1 without touching `dest`.
143 `int git_config_get_string(const char *key, char **dest)`::
145 Similar to `git_config_get_string_const`, except that retrieved value
146 copied into the `dest` parameter is a mutable string.
148 `int git_config_get_pathname(const char *key, const char **dest)`::
150 Similar to `git_config_get_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into
151 the user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
153 `git_die_config(const char *key, const char *err, ...)`::
155 First prints the error message specified by the caller in `err` and then
156 dies printing the line number and the file name of the highest priority
157 value for the configuration variable `key`.
159 `void git_die_config_linenr(const char *key, const char *filename, int linenr)`::
161 Helper function which formats the die error message according to the
162 parameters entered. Used by `git_die_config()`. It can be used by callers
163 handling `git_config_get_value_multi()` to print the correct error message
164 for the desired value.
166 See test-config.c for usage examples.
168 Value Parsing Helpers
169 ---------------------
171 To aid in parsing string values, the config API provides callbacks with
172 a number of helper functions, including:
175 Parse the string to an integer, including unit factors. Dies on error;
176 otherwise, returns the parsed result.
179 Identical to `git_config_int`, but for unsigned longs.
182 Parse a string into a boolean value, respecting keywords like "true" and
183 "false". Integer values are converted into true/false values (when they
184 are non-zero or zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If
185 parsing is successful, the return value is the result.
187 `git_config_bool_or_int`::
188 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and
189 an `is_bool` flag is unset.
191 `git_parse_maybe_bool`::
192 Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather
195 `git_config_string`::
196 Allocates and copies the value string into the `dest` parameter; if no
197 string is given, prints an error message and returns -1.
199 `git_config_pathname`::
200 Similar to `git_config_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into the
201 user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
206 By default, the config parser does not respect include directives.
207 However, a caller can use the special `git_config_include` wrapper
208 callback to support them. To do so, you simply wrap your "real" callback
209 function and data pointer in a `struct config_include_data`, and pass
210 the wrapper to the regular config-reading functions. For example:
212 -------------------------------------------
213 int read_file_with_include(const char *file, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
215 struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
218 return git_config_from_file(git_config_include, file, &inc);
220 -------------------------------------------
222 `git_config` respects includes automatically. The lower-level
223 `git_config_from_file` does not.
228 A `config_set` can be used to construct an in-memory cache for
229 config-like files that the caller specifies (i.e., files like `.gitmodules`,
230 `~/.gitconfig` etc.). For example,
232 ---------------------------------------
233 struct config_set gm_config;
234 git_configset_init(&gm_config);
236 /* we add config files to the config_set */
237 git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules");
238 git_configset_add_file(&gm_config, ".gitmodules_alt");
240 if (!git_configset_get_bool(gm_config, "submodule.frotz.ignore", &b)) {
244 /* when we are done with the configset */
245 git_configset_clear(&gm_config);
246 ----------------------------------------
248 Configset API provides functions for the above mentioned work flow, including:
250 `void git_configset_init(struct config_set *cs)`::
252 Initializes the config_set `cs`.
254 `int git_configset_add_file(struct config_set *cs, const char *filename)`::
256 Parses the file and adds the variable-value pairs to the `config_set`,
257 dies if there is an error in parsing the file. Returns 0 on success, or
258 -1 if the file does not exist or is inaccessible. The user has to decide
259 if he wants to free the incomplete configset or continue using it when
260 the function returns -1.
262 `int git_configset_get_value(struct config_set *cs, const char *key, const char **value)`::
264 Finds the highest-priority value for the configuration variable `key`
265 and config set `cs`, stores the pointer to it in `value` and returns 0.
266 When the configuration variable `key` is not found, returns 1 without
267 touching `value`. The caller should not free or modify `value`, as it
268 is owned by the cache.
270 `const struct string_list *git_configset_get_value_multi(struct config_set *cs, const char *key)`::
272 Finds and returns the value list, sorted in order of increasing priority
273 for the configuration variable `key` and config set `cs`. When the
274 configuration variable `key` is not found, returns NULL. The caller
275 should not free or modify the returned pointer, as it is owned by the cache.
277 `void git_configset_clear(struct config_set *cs)`::
279 Clears `config_set` structure, removes all saved variable-value pairs.
281 In addition to above functions, the `config_set` API provides type specific
282 functions in the vein of `git_config_get_int` and family but with an extra
283 parameter, pointer to struct `config_set`.
284 They all behave similarly to the `git_config_get*()` family described in
285 "Querying For Specific Variables" above.
290 Git gives multiple entry points in the Config API to write config values to
291 files namely `git_config_set_in_file` and `git_config_set`, which write to
292 a specific config file or to `.git/config` respectively. They both take a
293 key/value pair as parameter.
294 In the end they both call `git_config_set_multivar_in_file` which takes four
297 - the name of the file, as a string, to which key/value pairs will be written.
299 - the name of key, as a string. This is in canonical "flat" form: the section,
300 subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots, and the section
301 and variable segments will be all lowercase.
302 E.g., `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
304 - the value of the variable, as a string. If value is equal to NULL, it will
305 remove the matching key from the config file.
307 - the value regex, as a string. It will disregard key/value pairs where value
310 - a multi_replace value, as an int. If value is equal to zero, nothing or only
311 one matching key/value is replaced, else all matching key/values (regardless
312 how many) are removed, before the new pair is written.
314 It returns 0 on success.
316 Also, there are functions `git_config_rename_section` and
317 `git_config_rename_section_in_file` with parameters `old_name` and `new_name`
318 for renaming or removing sections in the config files. If NULL is passed
319 through `new_name` parameter, the section will be removed from the config file.