builtin/init-db.c

   1 /*
   2  * GIT - The information manager from hell
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
   5  */
   6 #include "cache.h"
   7 #include "config.h"
   8 #include "refs.h"
   9 #include "builtin.h"
  10 #include "exec-cmd.h"
  11 #include "parse-options.h"
  12
  13 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
  14 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
  15 #endif
  16
  17 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
  18 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
  19 #else
  20 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
  21 #endif
  22
  23 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
  24 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
  25 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
  26
  27 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf *path, struct strbuf *template_path,
  28                              DIR *dir)
  29 {
  30         size_t path_baselen = path->len;
  31         size_t template_baselen = template_path->len;
  32         struct dirent *de;
  33
  34         /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
  35          * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
  36          * cause "git init" to fail here.  I think this is sane but
  37          * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
  38          * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
  39          * be really carefully chosen.
  40          */
  41         safe_create_dir(path->buf, 1);
  42         while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
  43                 struct stat st_git, st_template;
  44                 int exists = 0;
  45
  46                 strbuf_setlen(path, path_baselen);
  47                 strbuf_setlen(template_path, template_baselen);
  48
  49                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
  50                         continue;
  51                 strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
  52                 strbuf_addstr(template_path, de->d_name);
  53                 if (lstat(path->buf, &st_git)) {
  54                         if (errno != ENOENT)
  55                                 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path->buf);
  56                 }
  57                 else
  58                         exists = 1;
  59
  60                 if (lstat(template_path->buf, &st_template))
  61                         die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  62
  63                 if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
  64                         DIR *subdir = opendir(template_path->buf);
  65                         if (!subdir)
  66                                 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  67                         strbuf_addch(path, '/');
  68                         strbuf_addch(template_path, '/');
  69                         copy_templates_1(path, template_path, subdir);
  70                         closedir(subdir);
  71                 }
  72                 else if (exists)
  73                         continue;
  74                 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
  75                         struct strbuf lnk = STRBUF_INIT;
  76                         if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk, template_path->buf,
  77                                             st_template.st_size) < 0)
  78                                 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path->buf);
  79                         if (symlink(lnk.buf, path->buf))
  80                                 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
  81                                           lnk.buf, path->buf);
  82                         strbuf_release(&lnk);
  83                 }
  84                 else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
  85                         if (copy_file(path->buf, template_path->buf, st_template.st_mode))
  86                                 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
  87                                           template_path->buf, path->buf);
  88                 }
  89                 else
  90                         error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path->buf);
  91         }
  92 }
  93
  94 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
  95 {
  96         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
  97         struct strbuf template_path = STRBUF_INIT;
  98         size_t template_len;
  99         struct repository_format template_format = REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT;
 100         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 101         DIR *dir;
 102         char *to_free = NULL;
 103
 104         if (!template_dir)
 105                 template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 106         if (!template_dir)
 107                 template_dir = init_db_template_dir;
 108         if (!template_dir)
 109                 template_dir = to_free = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
 110         if (!template_dir[0]) {
 111                 free(to_free);
 112                 return;
 113         }
 114
 115         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, template_dir);
 116         strbuf_complete(&template_path, '/');
 117         template_len = template_path.len;
 118
 119         dir = opendir(template_path.buf);
 120         if (!dir) {
 121                 warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir);
 122                 goto free_return;
 123         }
 124
 125         /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
 126         strbuf_addstr(&template_path, "config");
 127         read_repository_format(&template_format, template_path.buf);
 128         strbuf_setlen(&template_path, template_len);
 129
 130         /*
 131          * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
 132          * verified.
 133          */
 134         if (template_format.version >= 0 &&
 135             verify_repository_format(&template_format, &err) < 0) {
 136                 warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
 137                           template_dir, err.buf);
 138                 strbuf_release(&err);
 139                 goto close_free_return;
 140         }
 141
 142         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_git_common_dir());
 143         strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
 144         copy_templates_1(&path, &template_path, dir);
 145 close_free_return:
 146         closedir(dir);
 147 free_return:
 148         free(to_free);
 149         strbuf_release(&path);
 150         strbuf_release(&template_path);
 151         clear_repository_format(&template_format);
 152 }
 153
 154 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 155 {
 156         if (!strcmp(k, "init.templatedir"))
 157                 return git_config_pathname(&init_db_template_dir, k, v);
 158
 159         return 0;
 160 }
 161
 162 /*
 163  * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
 164  * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
 165  */
 166 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir, const char *work_tree)
 167 {
 168         if (!strcmp(work_tree, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 169                 return 0;
 170         if (skip_prefix(git_dir, work_tree, &git_dir) &&
 171             !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
 172                 return 0;
 173         return 1;
 174 }
 175
 176 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
 177                                 const char *original_git_dir)
 178 {
 179         struct stat st1;
 180         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 181         char *path;
 182         char repo_version_string[10];
 183         char junk[2];
 184         int reinit;
 185         int filemode;
 186         struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 187
 188         /* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
 189         git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
 190
 191         /*
 192          * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
 193          * config file there, in which case we would want to read
 194          * from it after installing.
 195          *
 196          * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
 197          * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
 198          * disk).
 199          */
 200         copy_templates(template_path);
 201         git_config_clear();
 202         reset_shared_repository();
 203         git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 204
 205         /*
 206          * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
 207          * values we might have just re-read from the config.
 208          */
 209         is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
 210         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 211                 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 212
 213         /*
 214          * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
 215          * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
 216          */
 217         if (get_shared_repository()) {
 218                 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
 219         }
 220
 221         /*
 222          * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
 223          * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
 224          */
 225         safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
 226         adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
 227
 228         if (refs_init_db(&err))
 229                 die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err.buf);
 230
 231         /*
 232          * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
 233          * branch, if it does not exist yet.
 234          */
 235         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "HEAD");
 236         reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
 237                   || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
 238         if (!reinit) {
 239                 if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
 240                         exit(1);
 241         }
 242
 243         /* This forces creation of new config file */
 244         xsnprintf(repo_version_string, sizeof(repo_version_string),
 245                   "%d", GIT_REPO_VERSION);
 246         git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
 247
 248         /* Check filemode trustability */
 249         path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
 250         filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
 251         if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
 252                 struct stat st2;
 253                 filemode = (!chmod(path, st1.st_mode ^ S_IXUSR) &&
 254                                 !lstat(path, &st2) &&
 255                                 st1.st_mode != st2.st_mode &&
 256                                 !chmod(path, st1.st_mode));
 257                 if (filemode && !reinit && (st1.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
 258                         filemode = 0;
 259         }
 260         git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
 261
 262         if (is_bare_repository())
 263                 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
 264         else {
 265                 const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 266                 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
 267                 /* allow template config file to override the default */
 268                 if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
 269                         git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
 270                 if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir, work_tree))
 271                         git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
 272         }
 273
 274         if (!reinit) {
 275                 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
 276                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "tXXXXXX");
 277                 if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
 278                     !unlink(path) &&
 279                     !symlink("testing", path) &&
 280                     !lstat(path, &st1) &&
 281                     S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
 282                         unlink(path); /* good */
 283                 else
 284                         git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
 285
 286                 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
 287                 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "CoNfIg");
 288                 if (!access(path, F_OK))
 289                         git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
 290                 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
 291         }
 292
 293         strbuf_release(&buf);
 294         return reinit;
 295 }
 296
 297 static void create_object_directory(void)
 298 {
 299         struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 300         size_t baselen;
 301
 302         strbuf_addstr(&path, get_object_directory());
 303         baselen = path.len;
 304
 305         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 306
 307         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 308         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
 309         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 310
 311         strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 312         strbuf_addstr(&path, "/info");
 313         safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
 314
 315         strbuf_release(&path);
 316 }
 317
 318 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir, const char *git_link)
 319 {
 320         struct stat st;
 321
 322         if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
 323                 const char *src;
 324
 325                 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
 326                         src = read_gitfile(git_link);
 327                 else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 328                         src = git_link;
 329                 else
 330                         die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
 331
 332                 if (rename(src, git_dir))
 333                         die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
 334         }
 335
 336         write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
 337 }
 338
 339 int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
 340             const char *template_dir, unsigned int flags)
 341 {
 342         int reinit;
 343         int exist_ok = flags & INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
 344         char *original_git_dir = real_pathdup(git_dir, 1);
 345
 346         if (real_git_dir) {
 347                 struct stat st;
 348
 349                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
 350                         die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
 351
 352                 if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
 353                         die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
 354
 355                 set_git_dir(real_path(real_git_dir));
 356                 git_dir = get_git_dir();
 357                 separate_git_dir(git_dir, original_git_dir);
 358         }
 359         else {
 360                 set_git_dir(real_path(git_dir));
 361                 git_dir = get_git_dir();
 362         }
 363         startup_info->have_repository = 1;
 364
 365         safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
 366
 367         init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
 368
 369         /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
 370          * Note that a newly created repository does not have
 371          * config file, so this will not fail.  What we are catching
 372          * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
 373          */
 374         check_repository_format();
 375
 376         reinit = create_default_files(template_dir, original_git_dir);
 377
 378         create_object_directory();
 379
 380         if (get_shared_repository()) {
 381                 char buf[10];
 382                 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
 383                  * the configuration can be read by older version
 384                  * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
 385                  * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
 386                  * PERM_EVERYBODY.
 387                  */
 388                 if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
 389                         /* force to the mode value */
 390                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
 391                 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP)
 392                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
 393                 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY)
 394                         xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
 395                 else
 396                         BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
 397                 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
 398                 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
 399         }
 400
 401         if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
 402                 int len = strlen(git_dir);
 403
 404                 if (reinit)
 405                         printf(get_shared_repository()
 406                                ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
 407                                : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
 408                                git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 409                 else
 410                         printf(get_shared_repository()
 411                                ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
 412                                : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
 413                                git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
 414         }
 415
 416         free(original_git_dir);
 417         return 0;
 418 }
 419
 420 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
 421 {
 422         const char *slash;
 423         char *cwd;
 424         int cwd_is_git_dir;
 425
 426         /*
 427          * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
 428          * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
 429          */
 430         if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
 431                 return 1;
 432         cwd = xgetcwd();
 433         cwd_is_git_dir = !strcmp(git_dir, cwd);
 434         free(cwd);
 435         if (cwd_is_git_dir)
 436                 return 1;
 437         /*
 438          * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
 439          */
 440         if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
 441                 return 0;
 442         slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 443         if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
 444                 return 0;
 445
 446         /*
 447          * Otherwise it is often bare.  At this point
 448          * we are just guessing.
 449          */
 450         return 1;
 451 }
 452
 453 static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 454 {
 455         BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 456         *((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
 457         return 0;
 458 }
 459
 460 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
 461         N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
 462         NULL
 463 };
 464
 465 /*
 466  * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
 467  * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
 468  * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
 469  * be the judge.  The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
 470  */
 471 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 472 {
 473         const char *git_dir;
 474         const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
 475         const char *work_tree;
 476         const char *template_dir = NULL;
 477         unsigned int flags = 0;
 478         const struct option init_db_options[] = {
 479                 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
 480                                 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
 481                 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
 482                                 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
 483                 { OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
 484                         N_("permissions"),
 485                         N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
 486                         PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
 487                 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
 488                 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
 489                            N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
 490                 OPT_END()
 491         };
 492
 493         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
 494
 495         if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
 496                 real_git_dir = real_pathdup(real_git_dir, 1);
 497
 498         if (argc == 1) {
 499                 int mkdir_tried = 0;
 500         retry:
 501                 if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
 502                         if (!mkdir_tried) {
 503                                 int saved;
 504                                 /*
 505                                  * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
 506                                  * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
 507                                  * but just in case we play safe.
 508                                  */
 509                                 saved = get_shared_repository();
 510                                 set_shared_repository(0);
 511                                 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
 512                                 case SCLD_OK:
 513                                 case SCLD_PERMS:
 514                                         break;
 515                                 case SCLD_EXISTS:
 516                                         errno = EEXIST;
 517                                         /* fallthru */
 518                                 default:
 519                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 520                                         break;
 521                                 }
 522                                 set_shared_repository(saved);
 523                                 if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
 524                                         die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
 525                                 mkdir_tried = 1;
 526                                 goto retry;
 527                         }
 528                         die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
 529                 }
 530         } else if (0 < argc) {
 531                 usage(init_db_usage[0]);
 532         }
 533         if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
 534                 char *cwd = xgetcwd();
 535                 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, argc > 0);
 536                 free(cwd);
 537         }
 538
 539         if (init_shared_repository != -1)
 540                 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
 541
 542         /*
 543          * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
 544          * without --bare.  Catch the error early.
 545          */
 546         git_dir = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT));
 547         work_tree = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT));
 548         if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
 549                 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
 550                           "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
 551                     GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
 552                     GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 553
 554         /*
 555          * Set up the default .git directory contents
 556          */
 557         if (!git_dir)
 558                 git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
 559
 560         if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
 561                 is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
 562
 563         if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
 564                 const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
 565                 if (git_dir_parent) {
 566                         char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
 567                         git_work_tree_cfg = real_pathdup(rel, 1);
 568                         free(rel);
 569                 }
 570                 if (!git_work_tree_cfg)
 571                         git_work_tree_cfg = xgetcwd();
 572                 if (work_tree)
 573                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 574                 else
 575                         set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
 576                 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
 577                         die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
 578                                    get_git_work_tree());
 579         }
 580         else {
 581                 if (work_tree)
 582                         set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
 583         }
 584
 585         UNLEAK(real_git_dir);
 586         UNLEAK(git_dir);
 587         UNLEAK(work_tree);
 588
 589         flags |= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
 590         return init_db(git_dir, real_git_dir, template_dir, flags);
 591 }