6 git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees
12 'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
13 'git worktree list' [--porcelain]
14 'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree>
15 'git worktree move' <worktree> <new-path>
16 'git worktree prune' [-n] [-v] [--expire <expire>]
17 'git worktree remove' [-f] <worktree>
18 'git worktree unlock' <worktree>
23 Manage multiple working trees attached to the same repository.
25 A git repository can support multiple working trees, allowing you to check
26 out more than one branch at a time. With `git worktree add` a new working
27 tree is associated with the repository. This new working tree is called a
28 "linked working tree" as opposed to the "main working tree" prepared by "git
29 init" or "git clone". A repository has one main working tree (if it's not a
30 bare repository) and zero or more linked working trees. When you are done
31 with a linked working tree, remove it with `git worktree remove`.
33 If a working tree is deleted without using `git worktree remove`, then
34 its associated administrative files, which reside in the repository
35 (see "DETAILS" below), will eventually be removed automatically (see
36 `gc.worktreePruneExpire` in linkgit:git-config[1]), or you can run
37 `git worktree prune` in the main or any linked working tree to
38 clean up any stale administrative files.
40 If a linked working tree is stored on a portable device or network share
41 which is not always mounted, you can prevent its administrative files from
42 being pruned by issuing the `git worktree lock` command, optionally
43 specifying `--reason` to explain why the working tree is locked.
47 add <path> [<commit-ish>]::
49 Create `<path>` and checkout `<commit-ish>` into it. The new working directory
50 is linked to the current repository, sharing everything except working
51 directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc. `-` may also be
52 specified as `<commit-ish>`; it is synonymous with `@{-1}`.
54 If <commit-ish> is a branch name (call it `<branch>`) and is not found,
55 and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` are used, but there does
56 exist a tracking branch in exactly one remote (call it `<remote>`)
57 with a matching name, treat as equivalent to:
60 $ git worktree add --track -b <branch> <path> <remote>/<branch>
63 If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by
64 the `checkout.defaultRemote` configuration variable, we'll use that
65 one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the `<branch>` isn't
66 unique across all remotes. Set it to
67 e.g. `checkout.defaultRemote=origin` to always checkout remote
68 branches from there if `<branch>` is ambiguous but exists on the
69 'origin' remote. See also `checkout.defaultRemote` in
70 linkgit:git-config[1].
72 If `<commit-ish>` is omitted and neither `-b` nor `-B` nor `--detach` used,
73 then, as a convenience, the new worktree is associated with a branch
74 (call it `<branch>`) named after `$(basename <path>)`. If `<branch>`
75 doesn't exist, a new branch based on HEAD is automatically created as
76 if `-b <branch>` was given. If `<branch>` does exist, it will be
77 checked out in the new worktree, if it's not checked out anywhere
78 else, otherwise the command will refuse to create the worktree (unless
83 List details of each worktree. The main worktree is listed first, followed by
84 each of the linked worktrees. The output details include if the worktree is
85 bare, the revision currently checked out, and the branch currently checked out
86 (or 'detached HEAD' if none).
90 If a working tree is on a portable device or network share which
91 is not always mounted, lock it to prevent its administrative
92 files from being pruned automatically. This also prevents it from
93 being moved or deleted. Optionally, specify a reason for the lock
98 Move a working tree to a new location. Note that the main working tree
99 or linked working trees containing submodules cannot be moved.
103 Prune working tree information in $GIT_DIR/worktrees.
107 Remove a working tree. Only clean working trees (no untracked files
108 and no modification in tracked files) can be removed. Unclean working
109 trees or ones with submodules can be removed with `--force`. The main
110 working tree cannot be removed.
114 Unlock a working tree, allowing it to be pruned, moved or deleted.
121 By default, `add` refuses to create a new working tree when
122 `<commit-ish>` is a branch name and is already checked out by
123 another working tree, or if `<path>` is already assigned to some
124 working tree but is missing (for instance, if `<path>` was deleted
125 manually). This option overrides these safeguards. To add a missing but
126 locked working tree path, specify `--force` twice.
128 `move` refuses to move a locked working tree unless `--force` is specified
131 `remove` refuses to remove an unclean working tree unless `--force` is used.
132 To remove a locked working tree, specify `--force` twice.
136 With `add`, create a new branch named `<new-branch>` starting at
137 `<commit-ish>`, and check out `<new-branch>` into the new working tree.
138 If `<commit-ish>` is omitted, it defaults to HEAD.
139 By default, `-b` refuses to create a new branch if it already
140 exists. `-B` overrides this safeguard, resetting `<new-branch>` to
144 With `add`, detach HEAD in the new working tree. See "DETACHED HEAD"
145 in linkgit:git-checkout[1].
148 By default, `add` checks out `<commit-ish>`, however, `--no-checkout` can
149 be used to suppress checkout in order to make customizations,
150 such as configuring sparse-checkout. See "Sparse checkout"
151 in linkgit:git-read-tree[1].
153 --[no-]guess-remote::
154 With `worktree add <path>`, without `<commit-ish>`, instead
155 of creating a new branch from HEAD, if there exists a tracking
156 branch in exactly one remote matching the basename of `<path>`,
157 base the new branch on the remote-tracking branch, and mark
158 the remote-tracking branch as "upstream" from the new branch.
160 This can also be set up as the default behaviour by using the
161 `worktree.guessRemote` config option.
164 When creating a new branch, if `<commit-ish>` is a branch,
165 mark it as "upstream" from the new branch. This is the
166 default if `<commit-ish>` is a remote-tracking branch. See
167 "--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
170 Keep the working tree locked after creation. This is the
171 equivalent of `git worktree lock` after `git worktree add`,
172 but without race condition.
176 With `prune`, do not remove anything; just report what it would
180 With `list`, output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
181 This format will remain stable across Git versions and regardless of user
182 configuration. See below for details.
186 With 'add', suppress feedback messages.
190 With `prune`, report all removals.
193 With `prune`, only expire unused working trees older than <time>.
196 With `lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
199 Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or
202 If the last path components in the working tree's path is unique among
203 working trees, it can be used to identify worktrees. For example if
204 you only have two working trees, at "/abc/def/ghi" and "/abc/def/ggg",
205 then "ghi" or "def/ghi" is enough to point to the former working tree.
209 Each linked working tree has a private sub-directory in the repository's
210 $GIT_DIR/worktrees directory. The private sub-directory's name is usually
211 the base name of the linked working tree's path, possibly appended with a
212 number to make it unique. For example, when `$GIT_DIR=/path/main/.git` the
213 command `git worktree add /path/other/test-next next` creates the linked
214 working tree in `/path/other/test-next` and also creates a
215 `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next` directory (or `$GIT_DIR/worktrees/test-next1`
216 if `test-next` is already taken).
218 Within a linked working tree, $GIT_DIR is set to point to this private
219 directory (e.g. `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` in the example) and
220 $GIT_COMMON_DIR is set to point back to the main working tree's $GIT_DIR
221 (e.g. `/path/main/.git`). These settings are made in a `.git` file located at
222 the top directory of the linked working tree.
224 Path resolution via `git rev-parse --git-path` uses either
225 $GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR depending on the path. For example, in the
226 linked working tree `git rev-parse --git-path HEAD` returns
227 `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/HEAD` (not
228 `/path/other/test-next/.git/HEAD` or `/path/main/.git/HEAD`) while `git
229 rev-parse --git-path refs/heads/master` uses
230 $GIT_COMMON_DIR and returns `/path/main/.git/refs/heads/master`,
231 since refs are shared across all working trees.
233 See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for more information. The rule of
234 thumb is do not make any assumption about whether a path belongs to
235 $GIT_DIR or $GIT_COMMON_DIR when you need to directly access something
236 inside $GIT_DIR. Use `git rev-parse --git-path` to get the final path.
238 If you manually move a linked working tree, you need to update the 'gitdir' file
239 in the entry's directory. For example, if a linked working tree is moved
240 to `/newpath/test-next` and its `.git` file points to
241 `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next`, then update
242 `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/gitdir` to reference `/newpath/test-next`
245 To prevent a $GIT_DIR/worktrees entry from being pruned (which
246 can be useful in some situations, such as when the
247 entry's working tree is stored on a portable device), use the
248 `git worktree lock` command, which adds a file named
249 'locked' to the entry's directory. The file contains the reason in
250 plain text. For example, if a linked working tree's `.git` file points
251 to `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next` then a file named
252 `/path/main/.git/worktrees/test-next/locked` will prevent the
253 `test-next` entry from being pruned. See
254 linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5] for details.
258 The worktree list command has two output formats. The default format shows the
259 details on a single line with columns. For example:
263 /path/to/bare-source (bare)
264 /path/to/linked-worktree abcd1234 [master]
265 /path/to/other-linked-worktree 1234abc (detached HEAD)
270 The porcelain format has a line per attribute. Attributes are listed with a
271 label and value separated by a single space. Boolean attributes (like 'bare'
272 and 'detached') are listed as a label only, and are only present if and only
273 if the value is true. An empty line indicates the end of a worktree. For
277 $ git worktree list --porcelain
278 worktree /path/to/bare-source
281 worktree /path/to/linked-worktree
282 HEAD abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234
283 branch refs/heads/master
285 worktree /path/to/other-linked-worktree
286 HEAD 1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234abc1234a
293 You are in the middle of a refactoring session and your boss comes in and
294 demands that you fix something immediately. You might typically use
295 linkgit:git-stash[1] to store your changes away temporarily, however, your
296 working tree is in such a state of disarray (with new, moved, and removed
297 files, and other bits and pieces strewn around) that you don't want to risk
298 disturbing any of it. Instead, you create a temporary linked working tree to
299 make the emergency fix, remove it when done, and then resume your earlier
303 $ git worktree add -b emergency-fix ../temp master
305 # ... hack hack hack ...
306 $ git commit -a -m 'emergency fix for boss'
308 $ git worktree remove ../temp
313 Multiple checkout in general is still experimental, and the support
314 for submodules is incomplete. It is NOT recommended to make multiple
315 checkouts of a superproject.
319 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite