compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include "../strbuf.h"
   5 #include "../run-command.h"
   6
   7 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
   8
   9 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  10 {
  11         int error = ENOSYS;
  12         switch(winerr) {
  13         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  14         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  15         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  16         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  17         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  18         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  19         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  20         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  21         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  29         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  31         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  32         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  33         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  34         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  35         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  36         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  38         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  40         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  41         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  42         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  43         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  45         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  46         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  47         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  48         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  49         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  50         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  51         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  53         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  54         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  55         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  56         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  57         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  58         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  74         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  75         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  76         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  77         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  78         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  79         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  80         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  81         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  82         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  83         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  84         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  85         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  88         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  89         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  90         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  92         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  94         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  95         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  96         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  97         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  98         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  99         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 101         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 104         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 105         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 106         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 107         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 108         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 109         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 110         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 111         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 112         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 113         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 114         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 115         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 116         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 118         }
 119         return error;
 120 }
 121
 122 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 123 {
 124         switch (errcode) {
 125         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 126         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 127                 return 1;
 128         }
 129
 130         return 0;
 131 }
 132
 133 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 134 {
 135         char answer[1024];
 136
 137         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 138                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 139                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 140
 141                 /* remove the newline */
 142                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 143                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 144                         got_full_line = 1;
 145                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 146                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 147                         got_full_line = 1;
 148                 }
 149                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 150                 if (!got_full_line)
 151                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 152                                 ;
 153         } else
 154                 /* we could not read, return the
 155                  * default answer which is no */
 156                 return 0;
 157
 158         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 159                 return 1;
 160         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 161                 return 1;
 162         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 163                 return 0;
 164         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 165                 return 0;
 166
 167         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 168         return -1;
 169 }
 170
 171 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 172 {
 173         char question[4096];
 174         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 175         va_list args;
 176
 177         va_start(args, format);
 178         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 179         va_end(args);
 180
 181         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 182                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 183                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 184         }
 185
 186         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 187                 return 0;
 188
 189         while (1) {
 190                 int answer;
 191                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 192
 193                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 194                         return answer;
 195
 196                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 197                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 198         }
 199 }
 200
 201 #undef unlink
 202 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 203 {
 204         int ret, tries = 0;
 205
 206         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 207         chmod(pathname, 0666);
 208         while ((ret = unlink(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 209                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 210                         break;
 211                 /*
 212                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 213                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 214                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 215                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 216                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 217                  */
 218                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 219                 tries++;
 220         }
 221         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 222                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 223                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 224                ret = unlink(pathname);
 225         return ret;
 226 }
 227
 228 static int is_dir_empty(const char *path)
 229 {
 230         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 231         WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
 232         HANDLE handle;
 233
 234         strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\\*", path);
 235         handle = FindFirstFileA(buf.buf, &findbuf);
 236         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 237                 strbuf_release(&buf);
 238                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 239         }
 240
 241         while (!strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".") ||
 242                         !strcmp(findbuf.cFileName, ".."))
 243                 if (!FindNextFile(handle, &findbuf)) {
 244                         strbuf_release(&buf);
 245                         return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 246                 }
 247         FindClose(handle);
 248         strbuf_release(&buf);
 249         return 0;
 250 }
 251
 252 #undef rmdir
 253 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 254 {
 255         int ret, tries = 0;
 256
 257         while ((ret = rmdir(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 258                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 259                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 260                 if (errno != EACCES)
 261                         break;
 262                 if (!is_dir_empty(pathname)) {
 263                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 264                         break;
 265                 }
 266                 /*
 267                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 268                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 269                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 270                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 271                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 272                  */
 273                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 274                 tries++;
 275         }
 276         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 277                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 278                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 279                ret = rmdir(pathname);
 280         return ret;
 281 }
 282
 283 #undef open
 284 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 285 {
 286         va_list args;
 287         unsigned mode;
 288         int fd;
 289
 290         va_start(args, oflags);
 291         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 292         va_end(args);
 293
 294         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 295                 filename = "nul";
 296
 297         fd = open(filename, oflags, mode);
 298
 299         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 300                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(filename);
 301                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 302                         errno = EISDIR;
 303         }
 304         return fd;
 305 }
 306
 307 #undef write
 308 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 309 {
 310         /*
 311          * While write() calls to a file on a local disk are translated
 312          * into WriteFile() calls with a maximum size of 64KB on Windows
 313          * XP and 256KB on Vista, no such cap is placed on writes to
 314          * files over the network on Windows XP.  Unfortunately, there
 315          * seems to be a limit of 32MB-28KB on X64 and 64MB-32KB on x86;
 316          * bigger writes fail on Windows XP.
 317          * So we cap to a nice 31MB here to avoid write failures over
 318          * the net without changing the number of WriteFile() calls in
 319          * the local case.
 320          */
 321         return write(fd, buf, min(count, 31 * 1024 * 1024));
 322 }
 323
 324 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 325 {
 326         return TRUE;
 327 }
 328
 329 #undef fgetc
 330 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 331 {
 332         int ch;
 333         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 334                 return fgetc(stream);
 335
 336         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 337         while (1) {
 338                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 339                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 340                         break;
 341
 342                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 343                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 344         }
 345         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 346         return ch;
 347 }
 348
 349 #undef fopen
 350 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 351 {
 352         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 353                 filename = "nul";
 354         return fopen(filename, otype);
 355 }
 356
 357 #undef freopen
 358 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 359 {
 360         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 361                 filename = "nul";
 362         return freopen(filename, otype, stream);
 363 }
 364
 365 #undef fflush
 366 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 367 {
 368         int ret = fflush(stream);
 369
 370         /*
 371          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 372          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 373          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 374          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 375          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 376          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 377          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 378          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 379          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 380          */
 381         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 382                 errno = EPIPE;
 383
 384         return ret;
 385 }
 386
 387 /*
 388  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 389  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 390  */
 391 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 392 {
 393         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 394         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 395         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 396 }
 397
 398 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 399 {
 400         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 401 }
 402
 403 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 404  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 405  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 406  *
 407  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 408  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 409  */
 410 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 411 {
 412         int err;
 413         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 414
 415         if (!(err = get_file_attr(file_name, &fdata))) {
 416                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 417                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 418                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 419                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 420                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 421                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 422                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 423                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 424                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 425                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 426                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 427                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 428                         WIN32_FIND_DATAA findbuf;
 429                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileA(file_name, &findbuf);
 430                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 431                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 432                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 433                                         if (follow) {
 434                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 435                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 436                                         } else {
 437                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 438                                         }
 439                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 440                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 441                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 442                                 }
 443                                 FindClose(handle);
 444                         }
 445                 }
 446                 return 0;
 447         }
 448         errno = err;
 449         return -1;
 450 }
 451
 452 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 453  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 454  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 455  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 456  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 457  */
 458 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 459 {
 460         int namelen;
 461         static char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 462
 463         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 464                 return 0;
 465
 466         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 467          * try again without trailing slashes
 468          */
 469         if (errno != ENOENT)
 470                 return -1;
 471
 472         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 473         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 474                 return -1;
 475         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 476                 --namelen;
 477         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 478                 return -1;
 479
 480         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 481         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 482         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 483 }
 484
 485 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 486 {
 487         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 488 }
 489 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 490 {
 491         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 492 }
 493
 494 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 495 {
 496         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 497         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 498
 499         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 500                 errno = EBADF;
 501                 return -1;
 502         }
 503         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 504         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 505                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 506
 507         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 508                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 509                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 510                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 511                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 512                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 513                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 514                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 515                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 516                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 517                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 518                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 519                 return 0;
 520         }
 521         errno = EBADF;
 522         return -1;
 523 }
 524
 525 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 526 {
 527         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 528         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 529         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 530 }
 531
 532 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 533 {
 534         FILETIME mft, aft;
 535         int fh, rc;
 536
 537         /* must have write permission */
 538         DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributes(file_name);
 539         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 540             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 541                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 542                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 543         }
 544
 545         if ((fh = open(file_name, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 546                 rc = -1;
 547                 goto revert_attrs;
 548         }
 549
 550         if (times) {
 551                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 552                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 553         } else {
 554                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 555                 aft = mft;
 556         }
 557         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 558                 errno = EINVAL;
 559                 rc = -1;
 560         } else
 561                 rc = 0;
 562         close(fh);
 563
 564 revert_attrs:
 565         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 566             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 567                 /* ignore errors again */
 568                 SetFileAttributes(file_name, attrs);
 569         }
 570         return rc;
 571 }
 572
 573 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 574 {
 575         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 576         return 0;
 577 }
 578
 579 int mkstemp(char *template)
 580 {
 581         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 582         if (filename == NULL)
 583                 return -1;
 584         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 585 }
 586
 587 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 588 {
 589         FILETIME ft;
 590         long long hnsec;
 591
 592         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 593         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 594         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 595         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 596         return 0;
 597 }
 598
 599 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 600 {
 601         HANDLE h[2];
 602
 603         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 604         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 605                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 606                 return -1;
 607         }
 608         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 609         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 610                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 611                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 612                 return -1;
 613         }
 614         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 615         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 616                 close(filedes[0]);
 617                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 618                 return -1;
 619         }
 620         return 0;
 621 }
 622
 623 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 624 {
 625         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 626         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 627         return result;
 628 }
 629
 630 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 631 {
 632         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 633         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 634         return result;
 635 }
 636
 637 #undef getcwd
 638 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 639 {
 640         int i;
 641         char *ret = getcwd(pointer, len);
 642         if (!ret)
 643                 return ret;
 644         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 645                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 646                         pointer[i] = '/';
 647         return ret;
 648 }
 649
 650 /*
 651  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 652  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 653  */
 654 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 655 {
 656         /* count chars to quote */
 657         int len = 0, n = 0;
 658         int force_quotes = 0;
 659         char *q, *d;
 660         const char *p = arg;
 661         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 662         while (*p) {
 663                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 664                         force_quotes = 1;
 665                 else if (*p == '"')
 666                         n++;
 667                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 668                         int count = 0;
 669                         while (*p == '\\') {
 670                                 count++;
 671                                 p++;
 672                                 len++;
 673                         }
 674                         if (*p == '"')
 675                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 676                         continue;
 677                 }
 678                 len++;
 679                 p++;
 680         }
 681         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 682                 return arg;
 683
 684         /* insert \ where necessary */
 685         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 686         *d++ = '"';
 687         while (*arg) {
 688                 if (*arg == '"')
 689                         *d++ = '\\';
 690                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 691                         int count = 0;
 692                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 693                                 count++;
 694                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 695                         }
 696                         if (*arg == '"') {
 697                                 while (count-- > 0)
 698                                         *d++ = '\\';
 699                                 *d++ = '\\';
 700                         }
 701                 }
 702                 *d++ = *arg++;
 703         }
 704         *d++ = '"';
 705         *d++ = 0;
 706         return q;
 707 }
 708
 709 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 710 {
 711         static char buf[100];
 712         char *p, *opt;
 713         int n, fd;
 714
 715         /* don't even try a .exe */
 716         n = strlen(cmd);
 717         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 718                 return NULL;
 719
 720         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 721         if (fd < 0)
 722                 return NULL;
 723         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 724         close(fd);
 725         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 726                 return NULL;
 727
 728         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 729                 return NULL;
 730         buf[n] = '\0';
 731         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 732         if (!*p)
 733                 return NULL;
 734
 735         *p = '\0';
 736         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 737                 return NULL;
 738         /* strip options */
 739         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 740                 *opt = '\0';
 741         return p+1;
 742 }
 743
 744 /*
 745  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 746  */
 747 static char **get_path_split(void)
 748 {
 749         char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 750         int i, n = 0;
 751
 752         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 753                 return NULL;
 754
 755         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 756         p = envpath;
 757         while (p) {
 758                 char *dir = p;
 759                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 760                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 761                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 762                         ++n;
 763                 }
 764         }
 765         if (!n)
 766                 return NULL;
 767
 768         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 769         p = envpath;
 770         i = 0;
 771         do {
 772                 if (*p)
 773                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 774                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 775         } while (i < n);
 776         path[i] = NULL;
 777
 778         free(envpath);
 779
 780         return path;
 781 }
 782
 783 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 784 {
 785         char **p = path;
 786
 787         if (!path)
 788                 return;
 789
 790         while (*p)
 791                 free(*p++);
 792         free(path);
 793 }
 794
 795 /*
 796  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 797  * (which do not have an extension)
 798  */
 799 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 800 {
 801         char path[MAX_PATH];
 802         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 803
 804         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 805                 return xstrdup(path);
 806         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 807         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 808                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 809                         return xstrdup(path);
 810         return NULL;
 811 }
 812
 813 /*
 814  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 815  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 816  */
 817 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 818 {
 819         char *prog = NULL;
 820         int len = strlen(cmd);
 821         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 822
 823         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 824                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 825
 826         while (!prog && *path)
 827                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 828
 829         return prog;
 830 }
 831
 832 static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 833 {
 834         char *const *ea = a;
 835         char *const *eb = b;
 836         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 837 }
 838
 839 struct pinfo_t {
 840         struct pinfo_t *next;
 841         pid_t pid;
 842         HANDLE proc;
 843 };
 844 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 845 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 846
 847 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 848                               const char *dir,
 849                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 850 {
 851         STARTUPINFO si;
 852         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 853         struct strbuf envblk, args;
 854         unsigned flags;
 855         BOOL ret;
 856
 857         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 858         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 859                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 860                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 861         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 862                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 863                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 864                  * would normally create a console window. But
 865                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 866                  * not need the console.
 867                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 868                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 869                  * recognize that it has no console.
 870                  */
 871                 flags = DETACHED_PROCESS;
 872         } else {
 873                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 874                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 875                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 876                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 877                  * Go figure!
 878                  */
 879                 flags = 0;
 880                 CloseHandle(cons);
 881         }
 882         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 883         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 884         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 885         si.hStdInput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhin);
 886         si.hStdOutput = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fhout);
 887         si.hStdError = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fherr);
 888
 889         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 890         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 891         if (prepend_cmd) {
 892                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
 893                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 894                 if (quoted != cmd)
 895                         free(quoted);
 896         }
 897         for (; *argv; argv++) {
 898                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
 899                 if (*args.buf)
 900                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
 901                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
 902                 if (quoted != *argv)
 903                         free(quoted);
 904         }
 905
 906         if (env) {
 907                 int count = 0;
 908                 char **e, **sorted_env;
 909
 910                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
 911                         count++;
 912
 913                 /* environment must be sorted */
 914                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 915                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
 916                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
 917
 918                 strbuf_init(&envblk, 0);
 919                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
 920                         strbuf_addstr(&envblk, *e);
 921                         strbuf_addch(&envblk, '\0');
 922                 }
 923                 free(sorted_env);
 924         }
 925
 926         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
 927         ret = CreateProcess(cmd, args.buf, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
 928                 env ? envblk.buf : NULL, dir, &si, &pi);
 929
 930         if (env)
 931                 strbuf_release(&envblk);
 932         strbuf_release(&args);
 933
 934         if (!ret) {
 935                 errno = ENOENT;
 936                 return -1;
 937         }
 938         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
 939
 940         /*
 941          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
 942          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
 943          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
 944          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
 945          * handle after the process terminated.
 946          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
 947          */
 948         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 949         {
 950                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
 951                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
 952                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
 953                 info->next = pinfo;
 954                 pinfo = info;
 955         }
 956         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
 957
 958         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
 959 }
 960
 961 static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 962                            int prepend_cmd)
 963 {
 964         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, env, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
 965 }
 966
 967 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 968                      const char *dir,
 969                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 970 {
 971         pid_t pid;
 972         char **path = get_path_split();
 973         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
 974
 975         if (!prog) {
 976                 errno = ENOENT;
 977                 pid = -1;
 978         }
 979         else {
 980                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
 981
 982                 if (interpr) {
 983                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
 984                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
 985                         argv[0] = prog;
 986                         if (!iprog) {
 987                                 errno = ENOENT;
 988                                 pid = -1;
 989                         }
 990                         else {
 991                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
 992                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
 993                                 free(iprog);
 994                         }
 995                         argv[0] = argv0;
 996                 }
 997                 else
 998                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
 999                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1000                 free(prog);
1001         }
1002         free_path_split(path);
1003         return pid;
1004 }
1005
1006 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char **env)
1007 {
1008         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1009         char **path;
1010         char *prog;
1011         int pid = 0;
1012
1013         if (!interpr)
1014                 return 0;
1015         path = get_path_split();
1016         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1017         if (prog) {
1018                 int argc = 0;
1019                 const char **argv2;
1020                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1021                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1022                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1023                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1024                 pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv2, env, 1);
1025                 if (pid >= 0) {
1026                         int status;
1027                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1028                                 status = 255;
1029                         exit(status);
1030                 }
1031                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1032                 free(prog);
1033                 free(argv2);
1034         }
1035         free_path_split(path);
1036         return pid;
1037 }
1038
1039 static void mingw_execve(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char *const *env)
1040 {
1041         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1042         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv, (char **)env)) {
1043                 int pid, status;
1044
1045                 pid = mingw_spawnve(cmd, (const char **)argv, (char **)env, 0);
1046                 if (pid < 0)
1047                         return;
1048                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1049                         status = 255;
1050                 exit(status);
1051         }
1052 }
1053
1054 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1055 {
1056         char **path = get_path_split();
1057         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1058
1059         if (prog) {
1060                 mingw_execve(prog, argv, environ);
1061                 free(prog);
1062         } else
1063                 errno = ENOENT;
1064
1065         free_path_split(path);
1066         return -1;
1067 }
1068
1069 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1070 {
1071         mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
1072         return -1;
1073 }
1074
1075 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1076 {
1077         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1078                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1079
1080                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1081                         CloseHandle(h);
1082                         return 0;
1083                 }
1084
1085                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1086                 CloseHandle(h);
1087                 return -1;
1088         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1089                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1090                 if (h) {
1091                         CloseHandle(h);
1092                         return 0;
1093                 }
1094         }
1095
1096         errno = EINVAL;
1097         return -1;
1098 }
1099
1100 static char **copy_environ(void)
1101 {
1102         char **env;
1103         int i = 0;
1104         while (environ[i])
1105                 i++;
1106         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1107         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1108                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1109         env[i] = NULL;
1110         return env;
1111 }
1112
1113 void free_environ(char **env)
1114 {
1115         int i;
1116         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1117                 free(env[i]);
1118         free(env);
1119 }
1120
1121 static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1122 {
1123         int i;
1124
1125         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1126                 if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
1127                     && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1128                         /* matches */
1129                         return i;
1130         }
1131         return -1;
1132 }
1133
1134 /*
1135  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1136  */
1137 static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
1138 {
1139         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1140         int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
1141
1142         if (i < 0) {
1143                 if (*eq) {
1144                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1145                                 ;
1146                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1147                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1148                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1149                 }
1150         }
1151         else {
1152                 free(env[i]);
1153                 if (*eq)
1154                         env[i] = xstrdup(name);
1155                 else
1156                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1157                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1158         }
1159         return env;
1160 }
1161
1162 /*
1163  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1164  */
1165 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1166 {
1167         char **env = copy_environ();
1168
1169         while (*vars)
1170                 env = env_setenv(env, *vars++);
1171         return env;
1172 }
1173
1174 #undef getenv
1175
1176 /*
1177  * The system's getenv looks up the name in a case-insensitive manner.
1178  * This version tries a case-sensitive lookup and falls back to
1179  * case-insensitive if nothing was found.  This is necessary because,
1180  * as a prominent example, CMD sets 'Path', but not 'PATH'.
1181  * Warning: not thread-safe.
1182  */
1183 static char *getenv_cs(const char *name)
1184 {
1185         size_t len = strlen(name);
1186         int i = lookup_env(environ, name, len);
1187         if (i >= 0)
1188                 return environ[i] + len + 1;    /* skip past name and '=' */
1189         return getenv(name);
1190 }
1191
1192 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1193 {
1194         char *result = getenv_cs(name);
1195         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1196                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1197                 result = getenv_cs("TMP");
1198                 if (!result)
1199                         result = getenv_cs("TEMP");
1200         }
1201         return result;
1202 }
1203
1204 /*
1205  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1206  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1207  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1208  * if one was found.
1209  */
1210 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1211                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1212                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1213 {
1214         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1215         struct addrinfo *ai;
1216         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1217
1218         if (node) {
1219                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1220                 if (!h)
1221                         return WSAGetLastError();
1222         }
1223
1224         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1225         *res = ai;
1226         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1227         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1228         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1229         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1230         case SOCK_STREAM:
1231                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1232                 break;
1233         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1234                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1235                 break;
1236         default:
1237                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1238                 break;
1239         }
1240         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1241         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1242                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1243         else
1244                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1245
1246         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1247         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1248         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1249         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1250          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1251          * currently not implemented */
1252         if (service)
1253                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1254         if (h)
1255                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1256         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1257                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1258         else
1259                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1260         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1261         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1262         return 0;
1263 }
1264
1265 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1266 {
1267         free(res->ai_canonname);
1268         free(res->ai_addr);
1269         free(res);
1270 }
1271
1272 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1273                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1274                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1275 {
1276         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1277         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1278                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1279         if (!host && !serv)
1280                 return EAI_NONAME;
1281
1282         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1283                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1284                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1285                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1286                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1287
1288                 if (ent)
1289                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1290                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1291                         return EAI_NONAME;
1292                 else
1293                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1294         }
1295
1296         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1297                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1298                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1299                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1300                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1301
1302                 if (ent)
1303                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1304                 else
1305                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1306         }
1307
1308         return 0;
1309 }
1310
1311 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1312 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1313 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1314                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1315                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1316 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1317                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1318                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1319 /*
1320  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1321  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1322  */
1323
1324 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1325 {
1326         WSACleanup();
1327         if (ipv6_dll)
1328                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1329         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1330         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1331         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1332         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1333 }
1334
1335 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1336 {
1337         WSADATA wsa;
1338         static int initialized = 0;
1339         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1340         const char **name;
1341
1342         if (initialized)
1343                 return;
1344
1345         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1346                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1347                         WSAGetLastError());
1348
1349         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1350                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1351                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1352                         continue;
1353
1354                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1355                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1356                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1357                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1358                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1359                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1360                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1361                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1362                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1363                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1364                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1365                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1366                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1367                 } else
1368                         break;
1369         }
1370         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1371                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1372                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1373                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1374         }
1375
1376         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1377         initialized = 1;
1378 }
1379
1380 #undef gethostname
1381 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1382 {
1383     ensure_socket_initialization();
1384     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1385 }
1386
1387 #undef gethostbyname
1388 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1389 {
1390         ensure_socket_initialization();
1391         return gethostbyname(host);
1392 }
1393
1394 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1395 {
1396         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1397 }
1398
1399 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1400                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1401 {
1402         ensure_socket_initialization();
1403         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1404 }
1405
1406 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1407                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1408                       int flags)
1409 {
1410         ensure_socket_initialization();
1411         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1412 }
1413
1414 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1415 {
1416         int sockfd;
1417         SOCKET s;
1418
1419         ensure_socket_initialization();
1420         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1421         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1422                 /*
1423                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1424                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1425                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1426                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1427                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1428                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1429                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1430                  */
1431                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1432                 return -1;
1433         }
1434         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1435         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1436                 closesocket(s);
1437                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1438                         strerror(errno));
1439         }
1440         return sockfd;
1441 }
1442
1443 #undef connect
1444 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1445 {
1446         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1447         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1448 }
1449
1450 #undef bind
1451 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1452 {
1453         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1454         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1455 }
1456
1457 #undef setsockopt
1458 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1459 {
1460         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1461         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1462 }
1463
1464 #undef shutdown
1465 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1466 {
1467         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1468         return shutdown(s, how);
1469 }
1470
1471 #undef listen
1472 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1473 {
1474         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1475         return listen(s, backlog);
1476 }
1477
1478 #undef accept
1479 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1480 {
1481         int sockfd2;
1482
1483         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1484         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1485
1486         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1487         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1488                 int err = errno;
1489                 closesocket(s2);
1490                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1491                         strerror(err));
1492         }
1493         return sockfd2;
1494 }
1495
1496 #undef rename
1497 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1498 {
1499         DWORD attrs, gle;
1500         int tries = 0;
1501
1502         /*
1503          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1504          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1505          */
1506         if (!rename(pold, pnew))
1507                 return 0;
1508         if (errno != EEXIST)
1509                 return -1;
1510 repeat:
1511         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1512                 return 0;
1513         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1514         gle = GetLastError();
1515         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1516             (attrs = GetFileAttributes(pnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1517                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1518                         errno = EISDIR;
1519                         return -1;
1520                 }
1521                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1522                     SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1523                         if (MoveFileEx(pold, pnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1524                                 return 0;
1525                         gle = GetLastError();
1526                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1527                         SetFileAttributes(pnew, attrs);
1528                 }
1529         }
1530         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1531                 /*
1532                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1533                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1534                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1535                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1536                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1537                  */
1538                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1539                 tries++;
1540                 goto repeat;
1541         }
1542         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1543                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1544                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1545                 goto repeat;
1546
1547         errno = EACCES;
1548         return -1;
1549 }
1550
1551 /*
1552  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1553  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1554  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1555  */
1556 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1557 {
1558         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1559         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1560         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1561 }
1562
1563 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1564 {
1565         static char user_name[100];
1566         static struct passwd p;
1567
1568         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1569         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1570                 return NULL;
1571         p.pw_name = user_name;
1572         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1573         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1574         return &p;
1575 }
1576
1577 static HANDLE timer_event;
1578 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1579 static int timer_interval;
1580 static int one_shot;
1581 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1582
1583 /* The timer works like this:
1584  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1585  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1586  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1587  * state.
1588  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1589  * length to call the signal handler.
1590  */
1591
1592 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1593 {
1594         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1595                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1596                 if (one_shot)
1597                         break;
1598         }
1599         return 0;
1600 }
1601
1602 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1603 {
1604         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1605         if (timer_event) {
1606                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1607                 if (!timer_thread )
1608                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1609                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1610         } else
1611                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1612                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1613         return 0;
1614 }
1615
1616 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1617 {
1618         if (timer_event)
1619                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1620         if (timer_thread) {
1621                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1622                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1623                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1624                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1625                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1626                               GetLastError());
1627                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1628         }
1629         if (timer_event)
1630                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1631         timer_event = NULL;
1632         timer_thread = NULL;
1633 }
1634
1635 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1636 {
1637         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1638 }
1639
1640 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1641 {
1642         static const struct timeval zero;
1643         static int atexit_done;
1644
1645         if (out != NULL)
1646                 return errno = EINVAL,
1647                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1648         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1649             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1650                 return errno = EINVAL,
1651                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1652
1653         if (timer_thread)
1654                 stop_timer_thread();
1655
1656         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1657             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1658                 return 0;
1659
1660         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1661         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1662         if (!atexit_done) {
1663                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1664                 atexit_done = 1;
1665         }
1666         return start_timer_thread();
1667 }
1668
1669 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1670 {
1671         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1672                 return errno = EINVAL,
1673                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1674         if (out != NULL)
1675                 return errno = EINVAL,
1676                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1677
1678         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1679         return 0;
1680 }
1681
1682 #undef signal
1683 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1684 {
1685         sig_handler_t old;
1686
1687         switch (sig) {
1688         case SIGALRM:
1689                 old = timer_fn;
1690                 timer_fn = handler;
1691                 break;
1692
1693         case SIGINT:
1694                 old = sigint_fn;
1695                 sigint_fn = handler;
1696                 break;
1697
1698         default:
1699                 return signal(sig, handler);
1700         }
1701
1702         return old;
1703 }
1704
1705 #undef raise
1706 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1707 {
1708         switch (sig) {
1709         case SIGALRM:
1710                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1711                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1712                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1713                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1714                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1715                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1716                 return 0;
1717
1718         case SIGINT:
1719                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1720                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1721                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1722                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1723                 return 0;
1724
1725         default:
1726                 return raise(sig);
1727         }
1728 }
1729
1730
1731 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1732 {
1733         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1734         char *c;
1735
1736         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1737                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1738
1739         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1740                 if (*c == '/')
1741                         *c = '\\';
1742         }
1743         return buf;
1744 }
1745
1746 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1747 {
1748         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1749         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1750                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1751         T ShellExecute;
1752         HMODULE shell32;
1753         int r;
1754
1755         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1756         if (!shell32)
1757                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1758         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1759         if (!ShellExecute)
1760                 die("cannot run browser");
1761
1762         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1763         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1764         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1765         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1766         if (r <= 32) {
1767                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1768         }
1769 }
1770
1771 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1772 {
1773         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(const char*, const char*, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1774         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1775         if (!create_hard_link) {
1776                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1777                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkA");
1778                 if (!create_hard_link)
1779                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1780         }
1781         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1782                 errno = ENOSYS;
1783                 return -1;
1784         }
1785         if (!create_hard_link(newpath, oldpath, NULL)) {
1786                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1787                 return -1;
1788         }
1789         return 0;
1790 }
1791
1792 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1793 {
1794         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1795             FALSE, pid);
1796         if (!h) {
1797                 errno = ECHILD;
1798                 return -1;
1799         }
1800
1801         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1802                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1803                         CloseHandle(h);
1804                         return 0;
1805                 }
1806                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1807         }
1808
1809         if (options == 0) {
1810                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1811                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1812                         CloseHandle(h);
1813                         return 0;
1814                 }
1815
1816                 if (status)
1817                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1818
1819                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1820
1821                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1822                 while (*ppinfo) {
1823                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1824                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1825                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1826                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1827                                 free(info);
1828                                 break;
1829                         }
1830                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1831                 }
1832
1833                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1834
1835                 CloseHandle(h);
1836                 return pid;
1837         }
1838         CloseHandle(h);
1839
1840         errno = EINVAL;
1841         return -1;
1842 }