3 Like other projects, we also have some guidelines to keep to the code.
4 For the overall Marionette project, a few rough rules are:
6 * Make your code readable and sensible, and don’t try to be
7 clever. Prefer simple and easy solutions over more convoluted
10 * Fixing style violations whilst working on a real change as a
11 preparatory clean-up step is good, but otherwise avoid useless
12 code churn for the sake of conforming to the style guide.
14 * Code is mutable and not written in stone. Nothing that
15 is checked in is sacred and we encourage change to make
16 remote/marionette a pleasant ecosystem to work in.
20 Marionette is written in JavaScript and ships
21 as part of Firefox. We have access to all the latest ECMAScript
22 features currently in development, usually before it ships in the
23 wild and we try to make use of new features when appropriate,
24 especially when they move us off legacy internal replacements
25 (such as Promise.jsm and Task.jsm).
27 One of the peculiarities of working on JavaScript code that ships as
28 part of a runtime platform is, that unlike in a regular web document,
29 we share a single global state with the rest of Firefox. This means
30 we have to be responsible and not leak resources unnecessarily.
32 JS code in Gecko is organised into _modules_ carrying _.js_ or _.jsm_
33 file extensions. Depending on the area of Gecko you’re working on,
34 you may find they have different techniques for exporting symbols,
35 varying indentation and code style, as well as varying linting
38 To export symbols to other Marionette modules, remember to assign
39 your exported symbols to the shared global `this`:
41 const EXPORTED_SYMBOLS = ["PollPromise", "TimedPromise"];
43 When importing symbols in Marionette code, try to be specific about
46 const { TimedPromise } = ChromeUtils.import(
47 "chrome://remote/content/marionette/sync.js"
50 We prefer object assignment shorthands when redefining names,
51 for example when you use functionality from the `Components` global:
53 const {classes: Cc, interfaces: Ci, utils: Cu, results: Cr} = Components;
55 When using symbols by their own name, the assignment name can be
58 const {TYPE_ONE_SHOT, TYPE_REPEATING_SLACK} = Ci.nsITimer;
60 In addition to the default [Mozilla eslint rules], we have [our
61 own specialisations] that are stricter and enforce more security.
62 A few notable examples are that we disallow fallthrough `case`
63 statements unless they are explicitly grouped together:
69 case "bar": // <-- disallowed!
74 case "bah": // <-- allowed (-:
78 We disallow the use of `var`, for which we always prefer `let` and
79 `const` as replacements. Do be aware that `const` does not mean
80 that the variable is immutable: just that it cannot be reassigned.
81 We require all lines to end with semicolons, disallow construction
82 of plain `new Object()`, require variable names to be camel-cased,
83 and complain about unused variables.
85 For purely aesthetic reasons we indent our code with two spaces,
86 which includes switch-statement `case`s, and limit the maximum
87 line length to 78 columns. When you need to wrap a statement to
88 the next line, the second line is indented with four spaces, like this:
91 "Expected an element or WindowProxy, " +
94 This is not normally something you have to think to deeply about as
95 it is enforced by the [linter]. The linter also has an automatic
96 mode that fixes and formats certain classes of style violations.
98 If you find yourself struggling to fit a long statement on one line,
99 this is usually an indication that it is too long and should be
100 split into multiple lines. This is also a helpful tip to make the
101 code easier to read. Assigning transitive values to descriptive
102 variable names can serve as self-documentation:
104 let location = event.target.documentURI || event.target.location.href;
105 log.debug(`Received DOM event ${event.type} for ${location}`);
107 On the topic of variable naming the opinions are as many as programmers
108 writing code, but it is often helpful to keep the input and output
109 arguments to functions descriptive (longer), and let transitive
110 internal values to be described more succinctly:
112 /** Prettifies instance of Error and its stacktrace to a string. */
113 function stringify(error) {
115 let s = error.toString();
116 if ("stack" in error) {
117 s += "\n" + error.stack;
121 return "<unprintable error>";
125 When we can, we try to extract the relevant object properties in
126 the arguments to an event handler or a function:
128 const responseListener = ({name, target, json, data}) => { … };
132 const responseListener = msg => {
134 let target = msg.target;
140 All source files should have `"use strict";` as the first directive
141 so that the file is parsed in [strict mode].
143 Every source code file that ships as part of the Firefox bundle
144 must also have a [copying header], such as this:
146 /* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
147 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
148 * You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
150 New xpcshell test files _should not_ have a license header as all
151 new Mozilla tests should be in the [public domain] so that they can
152 easily be shared with other browser vendors. We want to re-license
153 existing tests covered by the [MPL] so that they can be shared.
154 We very much welcome your help in doing version control archeology
157 The practical details of working on the Marionette code is outlined
158 in [Contributing.md], but generally you do not have to re-build
159 Firefox when changing code. Any change to remote/marionette/*.js
160 will be picked up on restarting Firefox. The only notable exception
161 is remote/components/Marionette.jsm, which does require
164 [strict mode]: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode
165 [Mozilla eslint rules]: https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/.eslintrc.js
166 [our own specialisations]: https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/remote/marionette/.eslintrc.js
168 [copying header]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/headers/
169 [public domain]: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
170 [MPL]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/
171 [Contributing.md]: ./Contributing.md
179 We keep our documentation in-tree under [remote/doc/marionette]
180 and [testing/geckodriver/doc]. Updates and minor changes to
181 documentation should ideally not be scrutinised to the same degree
182 as code changes to encourage frequent updates so that the documentation
183 does not go stale. To that end, documentation changes with `r=me`
184 from module peers are permitted.
186 Use fmt(1) or an equivalent editor specific mechanism (such as Meta-Q
187 in Emacs) to format paragraphs at a maximum width of 75 columns
188 with a goal of roughly 65. This is equivalent to `fmt -w 75 -g 65`,
189 which happens to be the default on BSD and macOS.
191 We endeavour to document all _public APIs_ of the Marionette component.
192 These include public functions—or command implementations—on
193 the `GeckoDriver` class, as well as all exported symbols from
194 other modules. Documentation for non-exported symbols is not required.
196 [remote/doc/marionette]: https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/remote/marionette/doc
197 [testing/geckodriver/doc]: https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/testing/geckodriver/doc
201 Marionette consists mostly of JavaScript (server) and Python (client,
202 harness, test runner) code. We lint our code with [mozlint],
203 which harmonises the output from [eslint] and [ruff].
205 To run the linter with a sensible output:
207 % ./mach lint -funix remote/marionette
209 For certain classes of style violations the eslint linter has
210 an automatic mode for fixing and formatting your code. This is
211 particularly useful to keep to whitespace and indentation rules:
213 % ./mach eslint --fix remote/marionette
215 The linter is also run as a try job (shorthand `ES`) which means
216 any style violations will automatically block a patch from landing
217 (if using Autoland) or cause your changeset to be backed out (if
218 landing directly on mozilla-inbound).
220 If you use git(1) you can [enable automatic linting] before you push
221 to a remote through a pre-push (or pre-commit) hook. This will
222 run the linters on the changed files before a push and abort if
223 there are any problems. This is convenient for avoiding a try run
224 failing due to a stupid linting issue.
226 [mozlint]: /code-quality/lint/mozlint.rst
227 [eslint]: /code-quality/lint/linters/eslint.rst
228 [ruff]: /code-quality/lint/linters/ruff.rst
229 [enable automatic linting]: /code-quality/lint/usage.rst#using-a-vcs-hook