Add Folding section link to filetypes.common custom settings.

[geany-mirror.git] / doc / geany.txt

.. |(version)| replace:: 0.19

=======
 Geany
=======

-------------------------
 A fast, light, GTK+ IDE
-------------------------

:Authors: Enrico Tröger,
          Nick Treleaven,
          Frank Lanitz
:Date: $Date$
:Version: |(version)|

Copyright © 2005-2010

This document is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this
license can be found in the file COPYING included with the source code
of this program, and also in the chapter `GNU General Public License`_.


.. contents::



Introduction
============


About Geany
-----------

Geany is a small and lightweight Integrated Development Environment. It
was developed to provide a small and fast IDE, which has only a few
dependencies on other packages. Another goal was to be as independent
as possible from a particular Desktop Environment like KDE or GNOME -
Geany only requires the GTK2 runtime libraries.

Some basic features of Geany:

* Syntax highlighting
* Code folding
* Autocompletion of symbols/words
* Construct completion/snippets
* Auto-closing of XML and HTML tags
* Calltips
* Many supported filetypes including C, Java, PHP, HTML, Python, Perl,
  Pascal, and others
* Symbol lists
* Code navigation
* Build system to compile and execute your code
* Simple project management
* Plugin interface



Where to get it
---------------

You can obtain Geany from http://www.geany.org/ or perhaps also from
your distribution. For a list of available packages, please see
http://www.geany.org/Download/ThirdPartyPackages.



License
-------

Geany is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this
license can be found in the file COPYING included with the source
code of this program and in the chapter, `GNU General Public License`_.

The included Scintilla library (found in the subdirectory
``scintilla/``) has its own license, which can be found in the chapter,
`License for Scintilla and SciTE`_.



About this document
-------------------

This documentation is available in HTML and text formats.
The latest version can always be found at http://www.geany.org/.

If you want to contribute to it, see `Contributing to this document`_.




Installation
============


Requirements
------------

You will need the GTK (>= 2.8.0) libraries and their dependencies
(Pango, GLib and ATK). Your distro should provide packages for these,
usually installed by default. For Windows, you can download an installer
from the website which bundles these libraries.


Binary packages
---------------

There are many binary packages available. For an up-to-date but maybe
incomplete list see http://www.geany.org/Download/ThirdPartyPackages.


Source compilation
------------------

Compiling Geany is quite easy.
To do so, you need the GTK (>= 2.8.0) libraries and header files.
You also need the Pango, GLib and ATK libraries and header files.
All these files are available at http://www.gtk.org, but very often
your distro will provide development packages to save the trouble of
building these yourself.

Furthermore you need, of course, a C and C++ compiler. The GNU versions
of these tools are recommended.

Autotools based build system
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The Autotools based build system is very mature and has been well tested.
To use it, you just need the Make tool, preferably GNU Make.

Then run the following commands::

    $ ./configure
    $ make

Then as root::

    % make install

Waf based build system
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The Waf build system is still quite young and under heavy development but already in a
usable state. In contrast to the Autotools system, Waf needs Python. So before using Waf, you need
to install Python on your system.
The advantage of the Waf build system over the Autotools based build system is that the whole
build process might be a bit faster. Especially when you use the Waf
cache feature for repetitive builds (e.g. when changing only a few source files
to test something) will become much faster since Waf will cache and re-use the
unchanged built files and only compile the changed code again. See `Waf Cache`_ for details.
To build Geany with Waf as run::

    $ ./waf configure
    $ ./waf build

Then as root::

    % ./waf install

Waf Cache
`````````

The Waf build system has a nice and interesting feature which can help  to avoid
a lot of unnecessary rebuilding of unchanged code. This often happens when developing new features
or trying to debug something in Geany.
Waf is able to store and retrieve the object files from a cache. This cache is declared
using the environment variable ``WAFCACHE``.
A possible location of the cache directory could be ``~/.cache/waf``. In order to make use of
this, you first need to create this directory::

        $ mkdir -p ~/.cache/waf

then add the environment variable to your shell configuration (the following example is for
Bash and should be adjusted to your used shell)::

        export WAFCACHE=/home/username/.cache/waf

Remember to replace ``username`` with your actual username.

More information about the Waf cache feature are available at
http://code.google.com/p/waf/wiki/CacheObjectFiles.

Cleaning the Cache
******************
You should be careful about the size of the cache directory as it may
grow rapidly over time.
Waf doesn't do any cleaning or other house-keeping of the cache yet, so you need to keep it
clean by yourself.
An easy way to keep it clean is to run the following command regularly to remove old
cached files::

    $ find /home/username/.cache/waf -mtime +14 -exec rm {} \;

This will delete all files in the cache directory which are older than 14 days.

For details about the ``find`` command and its options, check its manual page.


Custom installation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The configure script supports several common options, for a detailed
list, type::

    $ ./configure --help

or::
        $ ./waf --help

(depending on which build system you use).

You may also want to read the INSTALL file for advanced installation
options.

* See also `Compile-time options`_.

Dynamic linking loader support and VTE
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
In the case that your system lacks dynamic linking loader support, you
probably want to pass the option ``--disable-vte`` to the ``configure``
script. This prevents compiling Geany with dynamic linking loader
support for automatically loading ``libvte.so.4`` if available.

Build problems
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If there are any errors during compilation, check your build
environment and try to find the error, otherwise contact the mailing
list or one the authors. Sometimes you might need to ask for specific
help from your distribution.


Installation prefix
-------------------
If you want to edit any of Geany's system configuration files after
installation you will need to know the installation prefix.  Usually this
is not necessary as you can just use per user configuration files and
you will not need root permissions.

Use the ``--print-prefix`` option to Geany to check - see `Command line
options`_. The first path is the prefix.

This is commonly ``/usr`` if you installed from a binary package, or
``/usr/local`` if you build from source.



Usage
=====


Getting started
---------------

You can start Geany in the following ways:

* From the Desktop Environment menu:

  Choose in your application menu of your used Desktop Environment:
  Development --> Geany.

* From the command line:

  To start Geany from a command line, type the following and press
  Return::

      % geany

The Geany workspace
-------------------

The Geany window is shown in the following figure:

.. image:: ./images/main_window.png

The workspace has the following parts:

* The menu.
* An optional toolbar.
* An optional sidebar that can show the following tabs:

  * Documents - A document list, and
  * Symbols - A list of symbols in your code.

* The main editor window.
* An optional message window which can show the following tabs:

  * Status - A list of status messages.
  * Compiler - The output of compiling or building programs.
  * Messages - Results of 'Find Usage', 'Find Usage' 'Find in Files' and other actions
  * Scribble - A text scratchpad for any use.
  * Terminal - An optional terminal window.

* A status bar

Additional tabs may be added to the sidebar and message window by plugins.

The position of the tabs can be selected in the interface preferences.

The sizes of the sidebar and message window can be adjusted by
dragging the dividers.

Command line options
--------------------

============  =======================  =================================================
Short option  Long option              Function
============  =======================  =================================================
*none*        +number                  Set initial line number for the first opened file
                                       (same as --line, do not put a space between the + sign
                                       and the number). E.g. "geany +7 foo.bar" will open the
                                       file foo.bar and place the cursor in line 7.

*none*        --column                 Set initial column number for the first opened file.

-c dir_name   --config=directory_name  Use an alternate configuration directory. The default
                                       configuration directory is ``~/.config/geany/`` and that
                                       is where ``geany.conf`` and other configuration files
                                       reside.

*none*        --ft-names               Print a list of Geany's internal filetype names (useful
                                       for snippets configuration).

-g            --generate-tags          Generate a global tags file (see
                                       `Generating a global tags file`_).

-P            --no-preprocessing       Don't preprocess C/C++ files when generating tags.

-i            --new-instance           Do not open files in a running instance, force opening
                                       a new instance. Only available if Geany was compiled
                                       with support for Sockets.

-l            --line                   Set initial line number for the first opened file.

*none*        --list-documents         Return a list of open documents in a running Geany
                                       instance.
                                       This can be used to read the currently opened documents in
                                       Geany from an external script or tool. The returned list
                                       is separated by newlines (LF) and consists of the full,
                                       UTF-8 encoded filenames of the documents.
                                       Only available if Geany was compiled with support for
                                       Sockets.

-m            --no-msgwin              Do not show the message window. Use this option if you
                                       do not need compiler messages or VTE support.

-n            --no-ctags               Do not load symbol completion and call tip data. Use this
                                       option if you do not want to use them.

-p            --no-plugins             Do not load plugins or plugin support.

*none*        --print-prefix           Print installation prefix, the data directory, the lib
                                       directory and the locale directory (in this order) to
                                       stdout, one line each. This is mainly intended for plugin
                                       authors to detect installation paths.

-s            --no-session             Do not load the previous session's files.

-t            --no-terminal            Do not load terminal support. Use this option if you do
                                       not want to load the virtual terminal emulator widget
                                       at startup. If you do not have ``libvte.so.4`` installed,
                                       then terminal-support is automatically disabled. Only
                                       available if Geany was compiled with support for VTE.

*none*        --socket-file            Use this socket filename for communication with a
                                       running Geany instance. This can be used with the following
                                       command to execute Geany on the current workspace::

                                         geany --socket-file=/tmp/geany-sock-$(xprop -root _NET_CURRENT_DESKTOP | awk '{print $3}')

*none*        --vte-lib                Specify explicitly the path including filename or only
                                       the filename to the VTE library, e.g.
                                       ``/usr/lib/libvte.so`` or ``libvte.so``. This option is
                                       only needed when the auto-detection does not work. Only
                                       available if Geany was compiled with support for VTE.

-v            --verbose                Be verbose (print useful status messages).

-V            --version                Show version information and exit.

-?            --help                   Show help information and exit.

*none*        [files ...]              Open all given files at startup. This option causes
                                       Geany to ignore loading stored files from the last
                                       session (if enabled).
                                       Geany also recognizes line and column information when
                                       appended to the filename with colons, e.g.
                                       "geany foo.bar:10:5" will open the file foo.bar and
                                       place the cursor in line 10 at column 5.

                                       Projects can also be opened but a project file (\*.geany)
                                       must be the first non-option argument. All additionally
                                       given files are ignored.
============  =======================  =================================================

You can also pass line number and column number information, e.g.::

    geany some_file.foo:55:4

Geany supports all generic GTK options, a list is available on the
help screen.



General
-------


Startup
^^^^^^^

At startup, Geany loads all files from the last time Geany was
launched. You can disable this feature in the preferences dialog
(see `General Startup preferences`_). If you specify some
files on the command line, only these files will be opened, but you
can find the files from the last session in the file menu under the
"Recent files" item. By default this contains the last 10 recently
opened files. You can change the number of recently opened files in
the preferences dialog.

You can start several instances of Geany, but only the first will
load files from the last session. To run a second instance of Geany,
do not specify any filenames on the command-line, or disable opening
files in a running instance using the appropriate command line option.


Opening files from the command-line in a running instance
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Geany detects if there is an an instance of itself already running and opens files
from the command-line in that instance. So, Geany can
be used to view and edit files by opening them from other programs
such as a file manager.

You can also pass line number and column number information, e.g.::

    geany some_file.foo:55:4

This would open the file ``some_file.foo`` with the cursor on line 55,
column 4.

If you do not like this for some reason, you can disable using the first
instance by using the appropriate command line option -- see the section
called `Command line options`_.


Virtual terminal emulator widget (VTE)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

If you have installed ``libvte.so`` on your system, it is loaded
automatically by Geany, and you will have a terminal widget in the
notebook at the bottom.

If Geany cannot find any ``libvte.so`` at startup, the terminal widget
will not be loaded. So there is no need to install the package containing
this file in order to run Geany. Additionally, you can disable the use
of the terminal widget by command line option, for more information
see the section called `Command line options`_.

You can use this terminal (from now on called VTE) much as you would
a terminal program like xterm. There is basic clipboard support. You
can paste the contents of the clipboard by pressing the right mouse
button to open the popup menu, and choosing Paste. To copy text from
the VTE, just select the desired text and then press the right mouse
button and choose Copy from the popup menu. On systems running the
X Window System you can paste the last selected text by pressing the
middle mouse button in the VTE (on 2-button mice, the middle button
can often be simulated by pressing both mouse buttons together).

In the preferences dialog you can specify a shell which should be
started in the VTE. To make the specified shell a login shell just
use the appropriate command line options for the shell. These options
should be found in the manual page of the shell. For zsh and bash
you can use the argument ``--login``.

.. note::
    Geany tries to load ``libvte.so``. If this fails, it tries to load
    some other filenames. If this fails too, you should check whether you
    installed libvte correctly. Again note, Geany will run without this
    library.

It could be, that the library is called something else than
``libvte.so`` (e.g. on FreeBSD 6.0 it is called ``libvte.so.8``). If so
please set a link to the correct file (as root)::

    # ln -s /usr/lib/libvte.so.X /usr/lib/libvte.so

Obviously, you have to adjust the paths and set X to the number of your
``libvte.so``.

You can also specify the filename of the VTE library to use on the command
line (see the section called `Command line options`_) or at compile time
by specifying the command line option ``--with-vte-module-path`` to
./configure.


Defining own widget styles using .gtkrc-2.0
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can define your widget style for many of Geany's GUI parts. To
do this, just edit your ``.gtkrc-2.0`` (usually found in your home
directory on UNIX-like systems and in the etc subdirectory of your
Geany installation on Windows).

To have a defined style used by Geany you must assign it to
at least one of Geany's widgets. For example use the following line::

    widget "Geany*" style "geanyStyle"

This would assign your style "geany_style" to all Geany
widgets. You can also assign styles only to specific widgets. At the
moment you can use the following widgets:

* GeanyMainWindow
* GeanyEditMenu
* GeanyToolbarMenu
* GeanyDialog
* GeanyDialogPrefs
* GeanyDialogProject
* GeanyDialogSearch
* GeanyMenubar
* GeanyToolbar

An example of a simple ``.gtkrc-2.0``::

    style "geanyStyle"
    {
        font_name="Sans 12"
    }
    widget "GeanyMainWindow" style "geanyStyle"

    style "geanyStyle"
    {
        font_name="Sans 10"
    }
    widget "GeanyPrefsDialog" style "geanyStyle"


Documents
---------

Switching between documents
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The documents list and the editor tabs are two different ways
to switch between documents using the mouse. When you hit the key
combination to move between tabs, the order is determined by the tab
order. Its is not alphabetical as shown in the documents list
(regardless of whether or not editor tabs are visible).

The tabs can be positioned at the top, bottom, left, or right of the
main editing window, by a selection in the interface preferences.

See the `Notebook tab keybindings`_ section for useful
shortcuts including for Most-Recently-Used document switching.


Character sets and Unicode Byte-Order-Mark (BOM)
------------------------------------------------


Using character sets
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Geany provides support for detecting and converting character sets. So
you can open and save files in different character sets, and even
convert a file from one character set to another. To do this,
Geany uses the character conversion capabilities of the GLib library.

Only text files are supported, i.e. opening files which contain
NULL-bytes may fail. Geany will try to open the file anyway but it is
likely that the file will be truncated because it can only be read up
to the first occurrence of a NULL-byte. All characters after this
position are lost and are not written when you save the file.

Geany tries to detect the encoding of a file while opening it, but
auto-detecting the encoding of a file is not easy and sometimes an
encoding might not be detected correctly. In this case you have to
set the encoding of the file manually in order to display it
correctly. You can this in the file open dialog by selecting an
encoding in the drop down box or by reloading the file with the
file menu item "Reload as". The auto-detection works well for most
encodings but there are also some encodings where it is known that
auto-detection has problems.

There are different ways to set different encodings in Geany:

* Using the file open dialog

  This opens the file with the encoding specified in the encoding drop
  down box. If the encoding is set to "Detect from file" auto-detection
  will be used. If the encoding is set to "Without encoding (None)" the
  file will be opened without any character conversion and Geany will
  not try to auto-detect the encoding (see below for more information).

* Using the "Reload as" menu item

  This item reloads the current file with the specified encoding. It can
  help if you opened a file and found out that the wrong encoding was used.

* Using the "Set encoding" menu item

  Contrary to the above two options, this will not change or reload
  the current file unless you save it. It is useful when you want to
  change the encoding of the file.

* Specifying the encoding in the file itself

  As mentioned above, auto-detecting the encoding of a file may fail on
  some encodings. If you know that Geany doesn't open a certain file,
  you can add the specification line, described in the next section,
  to the beginning of the file to force Geany to use a specific
  encoding when opening the file.


In-file encoding specification
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Geany detects meta tags of HTML files which contain charset information
like::

    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15" />

and the specified charset is used when opening the file. This is useful if the
encoding of the file cannot be detected properly.
For non-HTML files you can also define a line like::

    /* geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 */

or::

    # geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 #

to force an encoding to be used. The #, /\* and \*/ are examples
of filetype-specific comment characters. It doesn't matter which
characters are around the string " geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 " as long
as there is at least one whitespace character before and after this
string. Whitespace characters are in this case a space or tab character.
An example to use this could be you have a file with ISO-8859-15
encoding but Geany constantly detects the file encoding as ISO-8859-1.
Then you simply add such a line to the file and Geany will open it
correctly the next time.

Since Geany 0.15 you can also use lines which match the
regular expression used to find the encoding string:
``coding[\t ]*[:=][\t ]*([a-z0-9-]+)[\t ]*``

.. note::
    These specifications must be in the first 512 bytes of the file.
    Anything after the first 512 bytes will not be recognized.

Some examples are::

    # encoding = ISO-8859-15

or::

    # coding: ISO-8859-15

Special encoding "None"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

There is a special encoding "None" which uses no
encoding. It is useful when you know that Geany cannot auto-detect
the encoding of a file and it is not displayed correctly. Especially
when the file contains NULL-bytes this can be useful to skip auto
detection and open the file properly at least until the occurrence
of the first NULL-byte. Using this encoding opens the file as it is
without any character conversion.


Unicode Byte-Order-Mark (BOM)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Furthermore, Geany detects a Unicode Byte Order Mark (see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_Order_Mark for details). Of course,
this feature is only available if the opened file is in a Unicode
encoding. The Byte Order Mark helps to detect the encoding of a file,
e.g. whether it is UTF-16LE or UTF-16BE and so on. On Unix-like systems
using a Byte Order Mark could cause some problems for programs not
expecting it, e.g. the compiler gcc stops
with stray errors, PHP does not parse a script containing a BOM and
script files starting with a she-bang maybe cannot be started. In the
status bar you can easily see whether the file starts with a BOM or
not.

If you want to set a BOM for a file or if you want to remove it
from a file, just use the document menu and toggle the checkbox.

.. note::
    If you are unsure what a BOM is or if you do not understand where
    to use it, then it is probably not important for you and you can
    safely ignore it.



Editing
-------


Folding
^^^^^^^

Geany provides basic code folding support. Folding means the ability to
show and hide parts of the text in the current file. You can hide
unimportant code sections and concentrate on the parts you are working on
and later you can show hidden sections again. In the editor window there is
a small grey margin on the left side with [+] and [-] symbols which
show hidden parts and hide parts of the file respectively. By
clicking on these icons you can simply show and hide sections which are
marked by vertical lines within this margin. For many filetypes nested
folding is supported, so there may be several fold points within other
fold points.

.. note::
    You can customize the folding icon and line styles - see the
    filetypes.common `Folding Settings`_.

If you don't like it or don't need it at all, you can simply disable
folding support completely in the preferences dialog.

The folding behaviour can be changed with the "Fold/Unfold all children of
a fold point" option in the preference dialog. If activated, Geany will
unfold all nested fold points below the current one if they are already
folded (when clicking on a [+] symbol).
When clicking on a [-] symbol, Geany will fold all nested fold points
below the current one if they are unfolded.

This option can be inverted by pressing the Shift
key while clicking on a fold symbol. That means, if the "Fold/Unfold all
children of a fold point" option is enabled, pressing Shift will disable
it for this click and vice versa.


Column mode editing (rectangular selections)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

There is basic support for column mode editing. To use it, create a
rectangular selection by holding down the Control and Shift keys
(or Control and Alt if it doesn't work) while
selecting some text. It is also possible to create a zero-column selection.
Once a rectangular selection exists you can start editing the text within
this selection and the modifications will be done for every line in the
selection.


Drag and drop of text
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

If you drag selected text in the editor widget of Geany the text is
moved to the position where the mouse pointer is when releasing the
mouse button. Holding Control when releasing the mouse button will
copy the text instead. This behaviour was changed in Geany 0.11 -
before the selected text was copied to the new position.


Indentation
^^^^^^^^^^^

Geany allows each document to indent either with a tab character or
multiple spaces. The default indent mode is set in the `Editor Features
preferences`_ (see the link for more information). But
this can be overridden using either the *Document->Indent Type* menu,
or by using the *Detect from file* indentation preference. When enabled,
this scans each file that is opened and sets the indent mode based on
how many lines start with a tab vs. 2 or more spaces.

The indent mode for the current document is shown on the status bar
as follows:

TAB
    Indent with Tab characters.
SP
    Indent with spaces.
T/S
    Indent with tabs and spaces, depending on how much indentation is
    on a line.


Auto-indentation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

When enabled, auto-indentation happens when pressing *Enter* in the
Editor. It adds a certain amount of indentation to the new line so the
user doesn't always have to indent each line manually.

Geany has four types of auto-indentation:

None
    Disables auto-indentation completely.
Basic
    Adds the same amount of whitespace on a new line as on the last line.
Current chars
    Does the same as *Basic* but also indents a new line after an opening
    brace '{', and de-indents when typing a closing brace '}'. For Python,
    a new line will be indented after typing ':' at the end of the
    previous line.
Match braces
    Similar to *Current chars* but the closing brace will be aligned to
    match the indentation of the line with the opening brace.


Bookmarks
^^^^^^^^^

Geany provides a handy bookmarking feature that lets you mark one
or more lines in a document, and return the cursor to them using a
key combination.

To place a mark on a line, either left-mouse-click in the left margin
of the editor window, or else use Ctrl-m. This will
produce a small green plus symbol in the margin. You can have as many
marks in a document as you like. Click again (or use Ctrl-m again)
to remove the bookmark. To remove all the marks in a given document,
use "Remove Markers" in the Document menu.

To navigate down your document, jumping from one mark to the next,
use Ctrl-. (control period). To go in the opposite direction on
the page, use Ctrl-, (control comma). Using the bookmarking feature
together with the commands to switch from one editor tab to another
(Ctrl-PgUp/PgDn and Ctrl-Tab) provides a particularly fast way to
navigate around multiple files.


Code navigation history
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

To ease navigation in source files and especially between
different files, Geany lets you jump between different navigation
points. Currently, this works for the following:

* `Go to tag declaration`_
* `Go to tag definition`_
* Symbol list items
* Build errors
* Message items

When using one of these actions, Geany remembers your current position
and jumps to the new one. If you decide to go back to your previous
position in the file, just use "Navigate back a location". To
get back to the new position again, just use "Navigate forward a
location". This makes it easier to navigate in e.g.  foreign code
and between different files.


Sending text through custom commands
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can define several custom commands in Geany and send the current
selection to one of these commands using the "Edit->Format->Send
Selection to" menu or keybindings.
The output of the command will be
used to replace the current selection. This makes it possible to use text
formatting tools with Geany in a general way. The selected text will
be sent to the standard input of the executed command, so the command
should be able to read from it and it should print all results to its
standard output which will be read by Geany. To help finding errors
in executing the command, the output of the program's standard error
will be printed on Geany's standard output.

To add a custom command, just go to the Set Custom Commands dialog
in the Format sub menu of the Edit and Popup menu. Then click on Add
to get a new text entry and type the command. You can also specify
some command line options. To delete a command, just clear the text
entry and press OK. It will be deleted automatically.


Context actions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can execute the context action command on the current word at the
cursor position or the available selection.  This word or selection
can be used as an argument to the command.
The context action is invoked by a menu entry in the popup menu of the
editor and also a keyboard shortcut (see the section called
`Keybindings`_).

The command can be specified in the preferences dialog and also for
each filetype (see "context_action_cmd" in the section called
`Format`_). When the context action is invoked, the filetype
specific command is used if available, otherwise the command
specified in the preferences dialog is executed.

The current word or selection can be referred with the wildcard "%s"
in the command, it will be replaced by the current word or
selection before the command is executed.

For example a context action can be used to open API documentation
in a browser window, the command to open the PHP API documentation
would be::

    firefox "http://www.php.net/%s"

when executing the command, the %s is substituted by the word near
the cursor position or by the current selection. If the cursor is at
the word "echo", a browser window will open(assumed your browser is
called firefox) and it will open the address: http://www.php.net/echo.


Autocompletion
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Geany can offer a list of possible completions for symbols defined in the
tags and for all words in a document.

The autocompletion list for symbols is presented when the first few
characters of the symbol are typed (configurable, see `Editor Completions
preferences`_, default 4) or when the *Complete word*
keybinding is pressed (configurable, see `Editor keybindings`_,
default Ctrl-Space).

When the defined keybinding is typed and the *Autocomplete all words in
document* preference (in `Editor Completions preferences`_)
is selected then the autocompletion list will show all matching words
in the document, if there are no matching symbols.

If you don't want to use autocompletion it can be dismissed until
the next symbol by pressing Escape. The autocompletion list is updated
as more characters are typed so that it only shows completions that start
with the characters typed so far. If no symbols begin with the sequence,
the autocompletion window is closed.

The up and down arrows will move the selected item. The highlighted
item on the autocompletion list can be chosen from the list by pressing
Enter/Return. You can also double-click to select an item. The sequence
will be completed to match the chosen item, and if the *Drop rest of
word on completion* preference is set (in `Editor Completions
preferences`_) then any characters after the cursor that match
a symbol or word are deleted.

Word part completion
````````````````````
By default, pressing Tab will complete the selected item by word part;
useful e.g. for adding the prefix ``gtk_combo_box_entry_`` without typing it
manually:

* gtk_com<TAB>
* gtk_combo_<TAB>
* gtk_combo_box_<e><TAB>
* gtk_combo_box_entry_<s><ENTER>
* gtk_combo_box_entry_set_text_column

The key combination can be changed from Tab - See `Editor keybindings`_.
If you clear/change the key combination for word part completion, Tab
will complete the whole word instead, like Enter.

Scope autocompletion
````````````````````
E.g.::

    struct
    {
        int i;
        char c;
    } foo;

When you type ``foo.`` it will show an autocompletion list with 'i' and
'c' symbols.

It only works for languages that set parent scope names for e.g. struct
members. Currently this means C-like languages. The C tag parser only
parses global scopes, so this won't work for structs or objects declared
in local scope.


User-definable snippets
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Snippets are small strings or code constructs which can be replaced or
completed to a more complex string. So you can save a lot of time when
typing common strings and letting Geany do the work for you.
To know what to complete or replace Geany reads a configuration file
called ``snippets.conf`` at startup.

Maybe you need to often type your name, so define a snippet like this::

    [Default]
    myname=Enrico Tröger

Every time you write ``myname`` <TAB> in Geany, it will replace "myname"
with "Enrico Tröger". The key to start autocompletion can be changed
in the preferences dialog, by default it is TAB. The corresponding keybinding
is called ``Complete snippet``.

The system-wide configuration file can be found in
``$prefix/share/geany``, where ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is
installed (see `Installation prefix`_). It is not recommended to edit the
system-wide file, because it will be overridden when Geany is updated.

To change the settings, copy the file from ``$prefix/share/geany``
in your configuration directory (usually ``~/.config/geany/``).

For example::

    % cp /usr/local/share/geany/snippets.conf /home/username/.config/geany/

Then you can edit the file and the changes will remain available
after an update of Geany because the file resides in your
configuration directory. Alternatively, you can create a file
``~/.config/geany/snippets.conf`` and add only these settings you want
to change. All missing settings will be read from the global snippets
file in ``$prefix/share/geany``.

The file ``snippets.conf`` contains sections defining snippets that
are available for particular filetypes and in general.

The two sections "Default" and "Special" apply to all filetypes.
"Default" contains all snippets which are available for every
filetype and "Special" contains snippets which can only be used in
other snippets. So you can define often used parts of snippets and
just use the special snippet as a placeholder (see the
``snippets.conf`` for details).

You can define sections with the name of a filetype eg "C++".  The
snippets in that section are only available for use in files with that
filetype.  Snippets in filetype sections will hide snippets with the
same name in the "Default" section when used in a file of that
filetype.

To define snippets you can use several special character sequences which
will be replaced when using the snippet:

**Substitution Sequences for snippets**

================  =========================================================
\\n or %newline%  Insert a new line (it will be replaced by the used EOL
                  char(s): LF, CR/LF, or CR).

\\t or %ws%       Insert an indentation step, it will be replaced according
                  to the current document's indent mode.

\\s               \\s to force whitespace at beginning or end of a value
                  ('key= value' won't work, use 'key=\\svalue')

%cursor%          Place the cursor at this position after completion has
                  been done. You can define multiple %cursor% wildcards
                  and use the keybinding ``Move cursor in snippet`` to jump
                  to the next defined cursor position in the completed
                  snippet.

%...%             "..." means the name of a key in the "Special" section.
                  If you have defined a key "brace_open" in the "Special"
                  section you can use %brace_open% in any other snippet.
================  =========================================================

Snippet names must not contain spaces otherwise they won't
work correctly. But beside that you can define almost any
string as a snippet and use it later in Geany. It is not limited
to existing contructs of certain programming languages(like ``if``,
``for``, ``switch``). Define whatever you need.

Since Geany 0.15 you can also use most of the available templates wildcards
listed in `Template wildcards`_. All wildcards which are listed as
`available in snippets` can be used. For instance to improve the above example::

    [Default]
    myname=My name is {developer}
    mysystem=My system: {command:uname -a}

this will replace ``myname`` with "My name is " and the value of the template
preference ``developer``.

You can change the way Geany recognizes the word to complete,
that is how the start and end of a word is recognised when the
snippet completion is requested. The section "Special" may
contain a key "wordchars" which lists all characters a string may contain
to be recognized as a word for completion. Leave it commented to use
default characters or define it to add or remove characters to fit your
needs.


Inserting Unicode characters
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

With GTK 2.10 and above, you can insert Unicode code points by hitting
Ctrl-Shift-u, then still holding Ctrl-Shift, type some hex digits representing
the code point for the character you want and hit Enter or Return (still
holding Ctrl-Shift). If you release Ctrl-Shift before hitting Enter or Return
(or any other character), the code insertion is completed, but the typed
character is also entered.  In the case of Enter/Return, it is a newline, as
you might expect.


In some earlier versions of Geany, you might need to first unbind Ctrl-Shift-u
in the `keybinding preferences`_, then select *Tools->Reload Configuration*
or restart Geany. Note that it works slightly differently from other GTK
applications, in that you'll need to continue to hold down the Ctrl and Shift
keys while typing the code point hex digits (and the Enter or Return to finish the code point).

For GTK < 2.10, it is also possible, but typing the first Ctrl-Shift-u
is not necessary. One problem is that you may find the alphabetic
keys conflict with other Geany keybindings.



Search, replace and go to
-------------------------

This section describes search-related commands from the Search menu
and the editor window's popup menu:

* Find
* Find usage \*
* Find in files
* Replace
* Go to tag definition \*
* Go to tag declaration \*
* Go to line

\* These items are available from the editor window's popup menu, or by
using a keyboard shortcut (see `Search keybindings`_).

Toolbar entries
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There are also two toolbar entries:

* Search bar
* Go to line entry

There are keybindings to focus each of these - see `Focus
keybindings`_. Pressing Escape will then focus the editor.

Search bar
``````````
The quickest way to find some text is to use the search bar entry in
the toolbar. This performs a case-insensitive search in the current
document whilst you type. Pressing Enter will search again.

Find
^^^^

The Find dialog is used for finding text in one or more open documents.

.. image:: ./images/find_dialog.png


Matching options
````````````````

The syntax for the *Use regular expressions* option is shown in
`Regular expressions`_.

.. note::
    *Use escape sequences* is implied for regular expressions.

The *Use escape sequences* option will transform any escaped characters
into their UTF-8 equivalent. For example, \\t will be transformed into
a tab character. Other recognized symbols are: \\\\, \\n, \\r, \\uXXXX
(Unicode characters).


Find all
````````

To find all matches, click on the Find All expander. This will reveal
several options:

* In Document
* In Session
* Mark

Find All In Document will show a list of matching lines in the
current document in the Messages tab of the Message Window. *Find All
In Session* does the same for all open documents.

Mark will highlight all matches in the current document with a
colored box. These markers can be removed by selecting the
Remove Markers command from the Document menu.


Change font in search dialog text fields
````````````````````````````````````````

All search related dialogs use a Monospace for the text input fields to
increase the readability of input text. This is useful when you are
typing input such as regular expressions with spaces, periods and commas which
might it hard to read with a proportional font.

If you want to change the font, you can do this easily
by inserting the following style into your ``.gtkrc-2.0``
(usually found in your home directory on UNIX-like systems and in the
etc subdirectory of your Geany installation on Windows)::

    style "search_style"
    {
        font_name="Monospace 8"
    }
    widget "GeanyDialogSearch.*.GtkEntry" style:highest "search_style"

Please note the addition of ":highest" in the last line which sets the priority
of this style to the highest available. Otherwise, the style is ignored
for the search dialogs.


Find usage
^^^^^^^^^^

Find usage searches all open files. It is similar to the Find All In
Session option in the Find dialog.

If there is a selection, then it is used as the search text; otherwise
the current word is used. The current word is either taken from the
word nearest the edit cursor, or the word underneath the popup menu
click position when the popup menu is used. The search results are
shown in the Messages tab of the Message Window.


Find in files
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Find in files is a more powerful version of Find usage that searches
all files in a certain directory using the Grep tool. The Grep tool
must be correctly set in Preferences to the path of the system's Grep
utility. GNU Grep is recommended.

.. image:: ./images/find_in_files_dialog.png


The Encoding combo box can be used to define the encoding of the files
to be searched. The entered search text is converted to the chosen encoding
and the search results are converted back to UTF-8.
The Extra options field is used to pass any additional arguments to
the grep tool.


Filtering out version control files
```````````````````````````````````

When using the *Recurse in subfolders* option with a directory that's
under version control, you can set the *Extra options* field to use
grep's ``--exclude`` flag to filter out filenames.

SVN Example: ``--exclude=*.svn-base``

The --exclude argument only matches the file name part, not the path. If
you have GNU Grep >= 2.5.2 you can use the ``--exclude-dir`` argument to
filter out CVS and hidden directories like ``.svn``.

Example: ``--exclude-dir=.* --exclude-dir=CVS``


Replace
^^^^^^^

The Replace dialog is used for replacing text in one or more open
documents.

.. image:: ./images/replace_dialog.png

The Replace dialog has the same options for matching text as the Find
dialog. See the section `Matching options`_.

The *Use regular expressions* option allows regular expressions to
be used in the search string and back references in the replacement
text -- see the entry for '\\n' in `Regular expressions`_.

Replace all
```````````

To replace several matches, click on the *Replace All* expander. This
will reveal several options:

* In Document
* In Session
* In Selection

*Replace All In Document* will replace all matching text in the
current document. *Replace All In Session* does the same for all open
documents. *Replace All In Selection* will replace all matching text
in the current selection of the current document.


Go to tag definition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

If the current word is the name of a tag definition (like a function
body) and the file containing the tag definition is open, this command
will switch to that file and go to the corresponding line number. The
current word is either the word nearest the edit cursor,
or the word underneath the popup menu click position when the popup
menu is used.


Go to tag declaration
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Like Go to tag definition, but for a forward declaration such as a
function prototype or ``extern`` declaration instead of a function
body.


Go to line
^^^^^^^^^^

Go to a particular line number in the current file.


Regular expressions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can use regular expressions in the Find and Replace dialogs
by selecting the *Use regular expressions* check box (see `Matching
options`_). The syntax is POSIX compatible, as described in the table
below.

.. note::
    1. The *Use escape sequences* dialog option always applies for regular
       expressions.
    2. Searching backwards with regular expressions is not supported.
    3. \\b, \\d, \\s, \\w are GNU extensions and may not be available
       on non-GNU POSIX systems unless you built Geany with the
       ``--enable-gnu-regex`` option (this is always used on Windows).

**In a regular expression, the following characters are interpreted:**

======= ============================================================
.       Matches any character.

(       This marks the start of a region for tagging a match.

)       This marks the end of a tagged region.

\\n     Where n is 1 through 9 refers to the first through ninth tagged
        region when searching or replacing.

        Searching for (Wiki)\\1 matches WikiWiki.

        If the search string was Fred([1-9])XXX and the
        replace string was Sam\\1YYY, when applied to Fred2XXX this
        would generate Sam2YYY.

\\0     When replacing, the whole matching text.

\\b     This matches a word boundary.

\\c     A backslash followed by d, D, s, S, w or W, becomes a
        character class (both inside and outside sets []).

        * d: decimal digits
        * D: any char except decimal digits
        * s: whitespace (space, \\t \\n \\r \\f \\v)
        * S: any char except whitespace (see above)
        * w: alphanumeric & underscore
        * W: any char except alphanumeric & underscore

\\x     This allows you to use a character x that would otherwise have
        a special meaning. For example, \\[ would be interpreted as [
        and not as the start of a character set. Use \\\\ for a literal
        backslash.

[...]   Matches one of the characters in the set. If the first
        character in the set is ^, it matches the characters NOT in
        the set, i.e. complements the set. A shorthand S-E (start
        dash end) is used to specify a set of characters S up to E,
        inclusive.

        The special characters ] and - have no special
        meaning if they appear first in the set. - can also be last
        in the set. To include both, put ] first: []A-Z-].

        Examples::

        []|-]    matches these 3 chars
        []-|]    matches from ] to | chars
        [a-z]    any lowercase alpha
        [^]-]    any char except - and ]
        [^A-Z]   any char except uppercase alpha
        [a-zA-Z] any alpha

^       This matches the start of a line (unless used inside a set, see
        above).

$       This matches the end of a line.

\*      This matches 0 or more times. For example, Sa*m matches Sm, Sam,
        Saam, Saaam and so on.

\+      This matches 1 or more times. For example, Sa+m matches Sam,
        Saam, Saaam and so on.

\?      This matches 0 or 1 time(s). For example, Joh?n matches John, Jon.
======= ============================================================

.. note::
    This table is adapted from Scintilla and SciTE documentation,
    distributed under the `License for Scintilla and SciTE`_.



Tags
----

Tags are information that relates symbols in a program with the
source file location of the declaration and definition.

Geany has built-in functionality for generating tag information (aka
"workspace tags") for supported filetypes when you open a file.  You
can also have Geany automatically load external tag files (aka "global
tags files") upon startup, or manually using *Tools --> Load Tags*.

Geany uses its own tag file format, similar to what ``ctags`` uses
(but is incompatible with ctags). You use Geany to generate global
tags files, as described below.


Workspace tags
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Tags for each document are parsed whenever a file is loaded or
saved. These are shown in the Symbol list in the Sidebar. These tags
are also used for autocompletion of symbols and calltips for all documents
open in the current session that have the same filetype.

The *Go to Tag* commands can be used with all workspace tags. See
`Go to tag definition`_.


Global tags
^^^^^^^^^^^

Global tags are used to provide autocompletion of symbols and calltips
without having to open the corresponding source files. This is intended
for library APIs, as the tags file only has to be updated when you upgrade
the library.

You can load a custom global tags file in two ways:

* Using the *Load Tags* command in the Tools menu.
* By creating a directory ``~/.config/geany/tags``, and moving or symlinking
  the tags files there before starting Geany.
* By creating a directory ``$prefix/share/geany/tags``, and moving
  or symlinking the tags files there before starting Geany.
  ``$prefix`` is the installation prefix (see `Installation prefix`_).

You can either download these files or generate your own. They have
the format::

    name.lang_ext.tags

*lang_ext* is one of the extensions set for the filetype associated
with the tags. See the section called `Filetype extensions`_ for
more information.


Default global tags files
`````````````````````````

For some languages, a list of global tags is loaded when the
corresponding filetype is first used. Currently these are for:

* C -- GTK+ and GLib
* Pascal
* PHP
* HTML -- &symbol; completion, e.g. for ampersand, copyright, etc.
* LaTeX
* Python


Global tags file format
```````````````````````

Global tags files can have two different formats:

* Tagmanager format
* Pipe-separated format

The first line of global tags files should be a comment, introduced
by ``#`` followed by a space and a string like ``format=pipe``
or ``format=tagmanager`` respectively, these are case-sensitive.
This helps Geany to read the file properly. If this line
is missing, Geany tries to auto-detect the used format but this
might fail.


The Tagmanager format is a bit more complex and is used for files
created by the ``geany -g`` command. There is one tag per line.
Different tag attributes like the return value or the argument list
are separated with different characters indicating the type of the
following argument.

The Pipe-separated format is easier to read and write.
There is one tag per line and different tag attributes are separated
by the pipe character (``|``). A line looks like::

    basename|string|(string path [, string suffix])|

| The first field is the tag name (usually a function name).
| The second field is the type of the return value.
| The third field is the argument list for this tag.
| The fourth field is the description for this tag but
  currently unused and should be left empty.

Except for the first field (tag name), all other field can be left
empty but the pipe separator must appear for them.

You can easily write your own global tag files using this format.
Just save them in your tags directory, as described earlier in the
section `Global tags`_.


Generating a global tags file
`````````````````````````````

You can generate your own global tags files by parsing a list of
source files. The command is::

    geany -g [-P] <Tag File> <File list>

* Tag File filename should be in the format described earlier --
  see the section called `Global tags`_.
* File list is a list of filenames, each with a full path (unless
  you are generating C/C++ tags and have set the CFLAGS environment
  variable appropriately).
* ``-P`` or ``--no-preprocessing`` disables using the C pre-processor
  to process ``#include`` directives for C/C++ source files. Use this
  option if you want to specify each source file on the command-line
  instead of using a 'master' header file. Also can be useful if you
  don't want to specify the CFLAGS environment variable.

Example for the wxD library for the D programming language::

    geany -g wxd.d.tags /home/username/wxd/wx/*.d


*Generating C/C++ tag files:*

For C/C++ tag files, gcc and grep are required, so that header files
can be preprocessed to include any other headers they depend upon.

For C/C++ files, the environment variable CFLAGS should be set with
appropriate ``-I/path`` include paths. The following example works with
the bash shell, generating tags for the GnomeUI library::

    CFLAGS=`pkg-config --cflags libgnomeui-2.0` geany -g gnomeui.c.tags \
    /usr/include/libgnomeui-2.0/gnome.h

You can adapt this command to use CFLAGS and header files appropriate
for whichever libraries you want.


*Replacing the default C/C++ tags file:*

Geany currently uses a default global tags file c99.tags for
C and C++, commonly installed in /usr/share/geany. This file can
be replaced with one containing tags parsed from a different set
of header files. When Geany is next started, your custom tags file
will be loaded instead of the default c99.tags. You should keep a
copy of the generated tags file because it will get overwritten when
upgrading Geany.


Ignore tags
^^^^^^^^^^^

You can also ignore certain tags if they would lead to wrong parsing of
the code. Simply create a file called "ignore.tags" in your Geany
configuration directory (usually ``~/.config/geany/``). Then list all tags
you want to ignore in this file, separated by spaces and/or newlines.

More detailed information about the usage from the Exuberant Ctags
manual page::

    Specifies a list of identifiers which are to be specially handled
    while  parsing C and C++ source files. This option is specifically
    provided to handle special cases arising through the use of
    pre-processor macros. When the identifiers listed are simple identifiers,
    these identifiers will be ignored during parsing of the source files.
    If an identifier is suffixed with a '+' character, ctags will also
    ignore any parenthesis-enclosed argument list which may immediately
    follow the identifier in the source files.
    If two identifiers are separated with the '=' character, the first
    identifiers is replaced by the second identifiers for parsing purposes.

For even more detailed information please read the manual page of
Exuberant Ctags.


Preferences
-----------

You may adjust Geany's settings using the Edit --> Preferences
dialog. Any changes you make there can be applied by hitting either
the Apply or the OK button. These settings will persist between Geany
sessions. Note that most settings here have descriptive popup bubble
help -- just hover the mouse over the item in question to get help
on it.

You may also adjust some View settings (under the View menu) that
persist between Geany sessions. The settings under the Document menu,
however, are only for the current document and revert to defaults
when restarting Geany.

There are also some rarer `Hidden preferences`_.

.. note::
    In the paragraphs that follow, the text describing a dialog tab
    comes after the screenshot of that tab.


General Startup preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_gen_startup.png

Startup
```````

Load files from the last session
    On startup, load the same files you had open the last time you
    used Geany.

Load virtual terminal support
    Load the library for running a terminal in the message window area.

Enable plugin support
    Allow plugins to be used in Geany.

Shutdown
````````
Save window position and geometry
    Save the current position and size of the main window so next time
    you open Geany it's in the same location.

Confirm Exit
    Have a dialog pop up to confirm that you really want to quit Geany.

Paths
`````

Startup path
    Path to start in when opening or saving files.
    It must be an absolute path.
    Leave it blank to use the current working directory.

Project files
    Path to start in when opening project files.

Extra plugin path
        By default Geany looks in the global installation path and in the
        configuration directory. In addition the path entered here will be searched
        for plugins. Usually you do not need to set an additional path to search for
        plugins. It might be useful when Geany is installed on a multi-user machine
        and additional plugins are available in a common location for all users.
        Leave blank to not set an additional lookup path.


General Miscellaneous preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_gen_misc.png

Miscellaneous
`````````````

Beep on errors when compilation has finished
    Have the computer make a beeping sound when compilation of your program
    has completed or any errors occurred.

Switch status message list at new message
    Switch to the status message tab (in the notebook window at the bottom)
    once a new status message arrives.

Suppress status messages in the status bar
    Remove all messages from the status bar. The messages are still displayed
    in the status messages window.

    .. tip::
        Another option is to use the *Switch to Editor* keybinding - it
        reshows the document statistics on the status bar. See `Focus
        keybindings`_.

Auto-focus widgets (focus follows mouse)
    Give the focus automatically to widgets below the mouse cursor.
    This works for the main editor widget, the scribble, the toolbar search field
    goto line fields and the VTE.

Search
``````

Always wrap search and hide the Find dialog
    Always wrap search around the document and hide the Find dialog after clicking
    Find Next/Previous.

Use the current word under the cursor for Find dialogs
    Use current word under the cursor when opening the Find, Find in Files or Replace dialog and
    there is no selection. When this option is disabled, the search term last used in the
    appropriate Find dialog is used.

Use the current file's directory for Find in Files
    When opening the Find in Files dialog, set the directory to search to the directory of the current
    active file. When this option is disabled, the directory of the last use of the Find in Files
    dialog is used.

Projects
````````

Use project-based session files
    Save your current session when closing projects. You will be able to
    resume different project sessions, automatically opening the files
    you had open previously.

Store project file inside the project base directory
    When creating new projects, the default path for the project file contains
    the project base path. Without this option enabled, the default project file
    path is one level above the project base path.
    In either case, you can easily set the final project file path in the
    *New Project* dialog. This option provides the more common
    defaults automatically for convenience.


Interface preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_interface.png

Sidebar
```````

Show sidebar
    Whether to show the sidebar at all.

Show symbol list
    Show the list of functions, variables, and other information in the
    current document you are editing.

Show documents list
    Show all the documents you have open currently. This can be used to
    change between documents (see `Switching between documents`_) and
    to perform some common operations such as saving, closing and reloading.

Position
    Whether to place the sidebar on the left or right of the editor window.

Fonts
`````

Editor
    Change the font used to display documents.

Symbol list
    Change the font used for the Symbols sidebar tab.

Message window
    Change the font used for the message window area.

Editor tabs
```````````

Show editor tabs
    Show a notebook tab for all documents so you can switch between them
    using the mouse (instead of using the Documents window).

Show close buttons
    Make each tab show a close button so you can easily close open
    documents.

Placement of new file tabs
    Whether to create a document with its notebook tab to the left or
    right of all existing tabs.

Double-clicking hides all additional widgets
    Whether to call the View->Toggle All Additional Widgets command
    when double-clicking on a notebook tab.

Tab positions
`````````````

Editor
    Set the positioning of the editor's notebook tabs to the right,
    left, top, or bottom of the editing window.

Sidebar
    Set the positioning of the sidebar's notebook tabs to the right,
    left, top, or bottom of the sidebar window.

Message window
    Set the positioning of the message window's notebook tabs to the
    right, left, top, or bottom of the message window.

Miscellaneous
`````````````

Show status bar
    Show the status bar at the bottom of the main window. It gives information about
    the file you are editing like the line and column you are on, whether any
    modifications were done, the file encoding, the filetype and other information.


Toolbar preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Affects the main toolbar underneath the menu bar.

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_toolbar.png

Toolbar
```````

Show Toolbar
    Whether to show the toolbar.

Append Toolbar to the Menu
    Allows to append the toolbar to the main menu bar instead of placing it below.
    This is useful to save vertical space.

Customize Toolbar
    See `Customizing the toolbar`_.

Appearance
``````````

Icon Style
    Select the toolbar icon style to use - either icons and text, just
    icons or just text.
    The choice System default uses whatever icon style is set by GTK.

Icon size
    Select the size of the icons you see (large, small or very small).
    The choice System default uses whatever icon size is set by GTK.


Editor Features preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_edit_features.png

Features
````````

Line wrapping
    Show long lines wrapped around to new display lines.

Enable "smart" home key
    Whether to move the cursor to the first non-whitespace character
    on the line when you hit the home key on your keyboard. Pressing it
    again will go to the very start of the line.

Disable Drag and Drop
    Do not allow the dragging and dropping of selected text in documents.

Enable folding
    Allow groups of lines in a document to be collapsed for easier
    navigation/editing.

Fold/Unfold all children of a fold point
    Whether to fold/unfold all child fold points when a parent line
    is folded.

Use indicators to show compile errors
    Underline lines with compile errors using red squiggles to indicate
    them in the editor area.

Newline strip trailing spaces
    Remove any white space at the end of the line when you hit the
    Enter/Return key.

Line breaking column
    The editor column number to insert a newline at when Line Breaking
    is enabled for the current document.

Comment toggle marker
    A string which is added when toggling a line comment in a source file.
    It is used to mark the comment as toggled.


Editor Indentation preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_edit_indentation.png

Indentation group
`````````````````

See `Indentation`_ for more information.

Type
    When Geany inserts indentation, whether to use:

    * Just Tabs
    * Just Spaces
    * Tabs and Spaces, depending on how much indentation is on a line

    The *Tabs and Spaces* indent type is also known as *Soft tab
    support* in some other editors.

Width
    The width of a single indent size in spaces. By default the indent
    size is equivalent to 4 spaces.

Hard tab width
    When the *Tabs and Spaces* indent type is enabled, this is the
    display size of a tab. Otherwise this is ignored. Although
    configurable, this should usually be set to 8.

Detect from file
    Try to detect and set the indent type based on file content, when
    a file is opened.

Auto-indent mode
    The type of auto-indentation you wish to use after pressing Enter,
    if any.

    Basic
        Just add the indentation of the previous line.
    Current chars
        Add indentation based on the current filetype and any characters at
        the end of the line such as ``{``, ``}`` for C, ``:`` for Python.
    Match braces
        Like *Current chars* but for C-like languages, make a closing
        ``}`` brace line up with the matching opening brace.

Tab key indents
    If set, pressing tab will indent the current line or selection, and
    unindent when pressing Shift-tab. Otherwise, the tab key will
    insert a tab character into the document (which can be different
    from indentation, depending on the indent type).

    .. note::
        There are also separate configurable keybindings for indent &
        unindent, but this preference allows the tab key to have different
        meanings in different contexts - e.g. for snippet completion.

Editor Completions preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_edit_completions.png

Completions
```````````

Snippet Completion
    Whether to replace special keywords after typing Tab into a
    pre-defined text snippet.
    See `User-definable snippets`_.

XML tag autocompletion
    When you open an XML tag automatically generate its completion tag.

Automatic continuation multi-line comments
    Continue automatically multi-line comments in languages like C, C++
    and Java when a new line is entered inside such a comment.
    With this option enabled, Geany will insert a ``*`` on every new line
    inside a multi-line comment, for example when you press return in the
    following C code::

     /*
      * This is a C multi-line comment, press <Return>

    then Geany would insert::

      *

    on the next line with the correct indentation based on the previous line,
    as long as the multi-line is not closed by ``*/``.

Autocomplete symbols
    When you start to type a symbol name, look for the full string to
    allow it to be completed for you.

Autocomplete all words in document
    When you start to type a word, Geany will search the whole document for
    words starting with the typed part to complete it, assuming there
    are no tag names to show.

Drop rest of word on completion
    Remove any word part to the right of the cursor when choosing a
    completion list item.

Characters to type for autocompletion
    Number of characters of a word to type before autocompletion is
    displayed.

Completion list height
    The number of rows to display for the autocompletion window.

Max. symbol name suggestions
    The maximum number of items in the autocompletion list.


Auto-close quotes and brackets
``````````````````````````````

Geany can automatically insert a closing bracket and quote characters when
you open them. For instance, you type a ``(`` and Geany will automatically
insert ``)``. With the following options, you can define for which
characters this should work.

Parenthesis ( )
    Auto-close parenthesis when typing an opening one

Curly brackets { }
    Auto-close curly brackets (braces) when typing an opening one

Square brackets [ ]
    Auto-close square brackets when typing an opening one

Single quotes ' '
    Auto-close single quotes when typing an opening one

Double quotes " "
    Auto-close double quotes when typing an opening one


Editor Display preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This is for visual elements displayed in the editor window.

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_edit_display.png

Display
```````

Invert syntax highlighting colors
    Invert all colors, by default this makes white text on a black
    background.

Show indendation guides
    Show vertical lines to help show how much leading indentation there
    is on each line.

Show whitespaces
    Mark all tabs with an arrow "-->" symbol and spaces with dots to
    show which kinds of whitespace are used.

Show line endings
    Display a symbol everywhere that a carriage return or line feed
    is present.

Show line numbers
    Show or hide the Line Number margin.

Show markers margin
    Show or hide the small margin right of the line numbers, which is used
    to mark lines.

Stop scrolling at last line
    When enabled Geany stops scrolling when at the last line of the document.
    Otherwise you can scroll one more page even if there are no real lines.


Long line marker
````````````````

The long line marker helps to indicate overly-long lines, or as a hint
to the user for when to break the line.

Type
    Line
        Show a thin vertical line in the editor window at the given column
        position.
    Background
        Change the background color of characters after the given column
        position to the color set below. (This is recommended over the
        *Line* setting if you use proportional fonts).
    Disabled
        Don't mark long lines at all.

Long line marker
    Set this value to a value greater than zero to specify the column
    where it should appear.

Long line marker color
    Set the color of the long line marker.


Virtual spaces
``````````````

Virtual space is space beyond the end of each line.
The cursor may be moved into virtual space but no real space will be
added to the document until there is some text typed or some other
text insertion command is used.

Disabled
    Do not show virtual spaces

Only for rectangular selections
    Only show virtual spaces beyond the end of lines when drawing a rectangular selection

Always
    Always show virtual spaces beyond the end of lines


Files preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_files.png

New files
`````````

Open new documents from the command-line
    Whether to create new documents when passing filenames that don't
    exist from the command-line.

Default encoding (new files)
    The type of file encoding you wish to use when creating files.

Used fixed encoding when opening files
    Assume all files you are opening are using the type of encoding specified below.

Default encoding (existing files)
    Opens all files with the specified encoding instead of auto-detecting it.
    Use this option when it's not possible for Geany to detect the exact encoding.

Default end of line characters
    The end of line characters to which should be used for new files.
    On Windows systems, you generally want to use CR/LF which are the common
    characters to mark line breaks.
    On Unix-like systems, LF is default and CR is used on MAC systems.

Saving files
````````````
Perform formatting operations when a document is saved. These
can each be undone with the Undo command.

Ensure newline at file end
    Add a newline at the end of the document if one is missing.

Strip trailing spaces
    Remove the trailing spaces on each line of the document.

Replace tabs by space
    Replace all tabs in the document with the equivalent number of spaces.

    .. note::
        It is better to use spaces to indent than use this preference - see
        `Indentation`_.

Miscellaneous
`````````````

Recent files list length
    The number of files to remember in the recently used files list.

Disk check timeout
    The number of seconds to periodically check the current document's
    file on disk in case it has changed. Setting it to 0 will disable
    this feature.

    .. note::
        These checks are only performed on local files. Remote files are
        not checked for changes due to performance issues
        (remote files are files in ``~/.gvfs/``).


Tools preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_tools.png

Tool paths
``````````

Terminal
    The location of your terminal executable.

Browser
    The location of your web browser executable.

Grep
    The location of the grep executable.

.. note::
    For Windows users: at the time of writing it is recommended to use
    the grep.exe from the UnxUtils project
    (http://sourceforge.net/projects/unxutils). The grep.exe from the
    Mingw project for instance might not work with Geany at the moment.

Commands
````````

Context action
    Set this to a command to execute on the current word.
    You can use the "%s" wildcard to pass the current word below the cursor
    to the specified command.


Template preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This data is used as meta data for various template text to insert into
a document, such as the file header. You only need to set fields that
you want to use in your template files.

.. note::
    For changes made here to take effect, either selecting
    *Tools->Reload Configuration* or restarting Geany is required.

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_templ.png

Template data
`````````````

Developer
    The name of the developer who will be creating files.

Initials
    The initials of the developer.

Mail address
    The email address of the developer.

    .. note::
        You may wish to add anti-spam markup, e.g. ``name<at>site<dot>ext``.

Company
    The company the developer is working for.

Initial version
    The initial version of files you will be creating.

Year
    Specify a format for the the {year} wildcard. You can use any conversion specifiers
    which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.  For details please see
    http://man.cx/strftime.

Date
    Specify a format for the the {date} wildcard. You can use any conversion specifiers
    which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.  For details please see
    http://man.cx/strftime.

Date & Time
    Specify a format for the the {datetime} wildcard. You can use any conversion specifiers
    which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.  For details please see
    http://man.cx/strftime.


Keybinding preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_keys.png

There are some commands listed in the keybinding dialog that are not, by default,
bound to a key combination, and may not be available as a menu item.

.. note::
    For more information see the section `Keybindings`_.


Printing preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_printing.png

Use external command for printing
    Use a system command to print your file out.

Use native GTK printing
    Let the GTK GUI toolkit handle your print request.

Print line numbers
    Print the line numbers on the left of your paper.

Print page number
    Print the page number on the bottom right of your paper.

Print page header
    Print a header on every page that is sent to the printer.

Use base name of the printed file
    Don't use the entire path for the header, only the filename.

Date format
    How the date should be printed. You can use the same format
    specifiers as in the ANSI C function strftime(). For details please
    see http://man.cx/strftime.


Terminal (VTE) preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

See also: `Virtual terminal emulator widget (VTE)`_.

.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_vte.png

Terminal widget
```````````````

Terminal font
    Select the font that will be used in the terminal emulation control.

Foreground color
    Select the font color.

Background color
    Select the background color of the terminal.

Scrollback lines
    The number of lines buffered so that you can scroll though the history.

Shell
    The location of the shell on your system.

Scroll on keystroke
    Scroll the terminal to the prompt line when pressing a key.

Scroll on output
    Scroll the output down.

Cursor blinks
    Let the terminal cursor blink.

Override Geany keybindings
    Allow the VTE to receive keyboard shortcuts (apart from focus commands).

Disable menu shortcut key (F10 by default)
    Disable the menu shortcut when you are in the virtual terminal.

Follow path of the current file
    Make the path of the terminal change according to the path of the
    current file.

Execute programs in VTE
    Execute programs in the virtual terminal instead of using the external
    terminal tool.  Note that if you run multiple execute commands at once
    the output may become mixed together in the VTE.

Don't use run script
    Don't use the simple run script which is usually used to display
    the exit status of the executed program.
    This can be useful if you already have a program running in the VTE
    like a Python console (e.g. ipython). Use this with care.


Project Management
------------------

Project Management is optional in Geany. Currently it can be used for:

* Storing and opening session files on a project basis.
* Configuring the Build menu on a project basis.

A list of session files can be stored and opened with the project
when the *Use project-based session files* preference is enabled,
in the *Project* group of the `Preferences`_ dialog.

As long as a project is open, the Build menu will use
the items defined in project's settings, instead of the defaults.
See `Build Menu Configuration`_ for information on configuring the menu.

The current project's settings are saved when it is closed, or when
Geany is shutdown. When restarting Geany, the previously opened project
file that was in use at the end of the last session will be reopened.

The project menu items are detailed below.


New Project
^^^^^^^^^^^

To create a new project, fill in the *Name* field. By default this
will setup a new project file ``~/projects/name.geany``. Usually it's
best to store all your project files in the same directory (they are
independent of any source directory trees).

The Base path text field is setup to use ``~/projects/name``. This
can safely be set to any existing path -- it will not touch the file
structure contained in it.


Project Properties
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can set an optional description for the project, but it is not
used elsewhere by Geany.

The *Base path* field is used as the directory to run the Build menu commands.
The specified path can be an absolute path or it is considered to be
relative to the project's file name.


Set Base Path Button
````````````````````

This button is a convenience to set the working directory fields
in the non-filetype Build menu items to %p to use the project base path.

.. note::
    Pressing the 'set' button will overright any working directories
    you have configured for the project.


Open Project
^^^^^^^^^^^^

The Open command displays a standard file chooser, starting in
``~/projects``. Choose a project file named with the ``.geany``
extension.

When project session support is enabled, Geany will close the currently
open files and open the session files associated with the project.


Close Project
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Project file settings are saved when the project is closed.

When project session support is enabled, Geany will close the project
session files and open any previously closed default session files.


Build Menu
----------
After editing code with Geany, the next step is to compile, link, build,
interpret, run etc.  As Geany supports many languages each with a different
approach to such operations, and as there are also many language independant
software building systems, Geany does not have a built in build system, nor
does it limit which system you can use.  Instead the build menu provides
a configurable and flexible means of running any external commands to
execute your preferred build system.

This section provides a description of the default configuration of the
build menu and then covers how to configure it, and where the defaults fit in.

Running the commands from within Geany has two benefits:

* the current file is automatically saved before the command is run
* the output is captured in the Compiler notebook tab and parsed for
  warnings or errors

Warnings and errors that can be parsed for line numbers will be shown in
red in the Compiler tab and you can click on them to switch to the relevant
source file (or open it) and mark the line number.  Also lines with
warnings or errors are marked in the source, see `Indicators`_ below.

.. tip::
    If Geany's default error message parsing does not parse errors for
    the tool you're using, you can set a custom regex in the Build Commands
    Dialog, see `Build Menu Configuration`_

Indicators
^^^^^^^^^^

Indicators are red squiggly underlines which are used to highlight
errors which occurred while compiling the current file. So you can
easily see where your code failed to compile. To remove the indicators,
just select "Remove all indicators" in the document file menu.

If you do not like this feature, you can disable it in the preferences
dialog.


Default Build Menu Items
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Depending on the current file's filetype, the default Build menu will contain
the following items:

* Compile
* Build
* Make All
* Make Custom Target
* Make Object
* Next Error
* Previous Error
* Execute
* Set Build Menu Commands


Compile
```````

The Compile command has different uses for different kinds of files.

For compilable languages such as C and C++, the Compile command is
set up to compile the current source file into a binary object file.

Java source files will be compiled to class file bytecode.

Interpreted languages such as Perl, Python, Ruby will compile to
bytecode if the language supports it, or will run a syntax check,
or if that is not available will run the file in its language interpreter.


Build
`````

For compilable languages such as C and C++, the Build command will link
the current source file's equivalent object file into an executable. If
the object file does not exist, the source will be compiled and linked
in one step, producing just the executable binary.

Interpreted languages do not use the Build command.


Make
````

This runs "make" in the same directory as the
current file.

Make custom target
``````````````````

This is similar to running 'Make' but you will be prompted for
the make target name to be passed to the Make tool. For example,
typing 'clean' in the dialog prompt will run "make clean".


Make object
```````````

Make object will run "make current_file.o" in the same directory as
the current file, using the filename for 'current_file'. It is useful
for building just the current file without building the whole project.

Next Error
``````````

The next error item will move to the next detected error in the file.

Previous Error
``````````````
The previous error item will move to the previous detected error in the file.

Execute
```````

Execute will run the corresponding executable file, shell script or
interpreted script in a terminal window. Note that the Terminal tool
path must be correctly set in the Tools tab of the Preferences dialog -
you can use any terminal program that runs a Bourne compatible shell
and accept the "-e" command line argument to start a command or can be
selected to us the build-in VTE if it is available, see
`Virtual terminal emulator widget (VTE)`_.

After your program or script has finished executing, you will be
prompted to press the return key. This allows you to review any text
output from the program before the terminal window is closed.

The execute command output is not parsed for errors.


Stopping running processes
``````````````````````````

When there is a running program, the Execute menu item in the menu and
the Run button in the toolbar
becomes a stop button and you can stop the current running program. This
works by sending a signal to the process (and its child process(es))
to stop the process. The signal used is SIGQUIT.

Depending on the process you started it is possible that the process
cannot be stopped. For example this can happen when the process creates
more than one child process.


Terminal emulators
******************

Xterm is known to work properly. If you are using "Terminal"
(the terminal program of Xfce), you should add the command line
option ``--disable-server`` otherwise the started process cannot be
stopped. Just add this option in the preferences dialog on the Tools
tab in the terminal field.


Set Build Commands
``````````````````

By default the Compile and Build commands invoke the GCC compiler and
linker with only the basic arguments needed by all programs. Using
Set Build Commands you can add any include paths and compile
flags for the compiler, any library names and paths for the linker,
and any arguments you want to use when running Execute.

For details of configuration see `Build Menu Configuration`_ below.

.. note::
    If you need complex settings for your build system, or several
    different settings, then writing a Makefile and using the Make
    commands is recommended; this will also make it easier for users to
    build your software.

These settings are saved automatically when Geany is shut down.

Build Menu Configuration
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The build menu has considerable flexibility and configurability, allowing
both menu labels the commands they execute and the directory they execute
in to be configured.

For example, if you change one of the default make commands to run say 'waf'
you can also change the label to match.

Underlines in the labels set mnemonic characters.

The build menu is divided into four groups of items each with different
behaviors:

* file items - are configurable and depend on the filetype of the current
  document, put the output in the compiler tab and parse it for errors
* non-file items - are configurable and mostly don't depend on the filetype
  of the current document, put the output in the compiler tab and parse
  it for errors
* execute items - are configurable and intended for executing your
  program or other long running programs.  The output is not parsed for errors
  and is directed to the terminal selected in preferences.
* fixed items - are not configurable because they perform the Geany built in actions,
  go to the next error, go to the previous error and show the build menu
  commands dialog

The maximum numbers of items in each of the configurable groups can be
configured when Geany starts using hidden settings(see `Preferences File Format`_).
Even though the maximum number of items may have been increased, only
those menu items that have values configured are shown in the menu.

The groups of menu items obtain their configuration from four potential
sources.  The highest pririty source that has the menu item defined will
be used. The sources in decreasing priority are:

* a project file if open
* the user preferences
* the system filetype definitions
* the defaults

The detailed relationships between sources and the configurable menu item groups
is shown in the following table.

+--------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+
| Group        | Project File        | Preferences              | System Filetype   |  Defaults                     |
+==============+=====================+==========================+===================+===============================+
| Filetype     | Loads From: project | Loads From:              | Loads From:       | None                          |
|              | file                | filetype.xxx file in     | filetype.xxx in   |                               |
|              |                     | ~/.config/geany/filedefs | Geany install     |                               |
|              | Saves To: project   |                          |                   |                               |
|              | file                | Saves to: as above,      | Saves to: as user |                               |
|              |                     | creating if needed.      | preferences left. |                               |
+--------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+
| Non-Filetype | Loads From: project | Loads From:              | Loads From:       | 1:                            |
|              | file                | geany.conf file in       | filetype.xxx in   |   Label: _Make                |
|              |                     | ~/.config/geany          | Geany install     |   Command: make               |
|              | Saves To: project   |                          |                   |                               |
|              | file                | Saves to: as above,      | Saves to: as user | 2:                            |
|              |                     | creating if needed.      | preferences left. |    Label: Make Custom _Target |
|              |                     |                          |                   |    Command: make              |
|              |                     |                          |                   |                               |
|              |                     |                          |                   | 3:                            |
|              |                     |                          |                   |    Label: Make _Object        |
|              |                     |                          |                   |    Command: make %e.o         |
+--------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+
| Execute      | Loads From: project | Loads From:              | Loads From:       | Label: _Execute Command: ./%e |
|              | file or else        | geany.conf file in       | filetype.xxx in   |                               |
|              | filetype defined in | ~/.config/geany or else  | Geany install     |                               |
|              | project file        | filetype.xxx file in     |                   |                               |
|              |                     | ~/.config/geany/filedefs | Saves To: as user |                               |
|              | Saves To:           |                          | preferences left  |                               |
|              | project file        | Saves To:                |                   |                               |
|              |                     | filetype.xxx file in     |                   |                               |
|              |                     | ~/.config/geany/filedefs |                   |                               |
+--------------+---------------------+--------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+

The following notes on the table reference cells by coordinate as (group,source):

* General - for filetype.xxx substitute the filetype name of the
  current document for xxx.

* System Filetypes - Labels loaded from these sources are locale sensitive
  and can contain translations.

* (Filetype, Project File) and (Filetype, Preferences) - preferences use a full
  filetype file so that users can configure all other filetype preferences
  as well.  Projects can only configure menu items per filetype.  Saving
  in the project file means that there is only one file per project not
  a whole directory.

* (Non-Filetype, System Filetype) - although conceptually strange, defining
  non-filetype commands in a filetype file, this provides the ability to
  define filetype dependent default menu items.

* (Execute, Project File) and (Execute, Preferences) - the project filetype based execute
  configuration and preferences non-filetype based execute can only be set by hand editing the
  appropriate file, see `Preferences File Format`_ and `Project File Format`_.

Build Menu Commands Dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Most of the configuration of the build menu is done through the Build Menu
Commands Dialog.  You edit the configuration sourced from preferences in the
dialog opened from the Build->Build Menu Commands item and you edit the
configuration from the project in the build tab of the project preferences
dialog.  Both use the same form shown below.

.. image:: ./images/build_menu_commands_dialog.png

The dialog is divided into three sections:

* Filetype menu items which will be selected based on the filetype of the
  currently open document,

* Non-filetype menu items, and

* Execute menu items.

The filetype and non-filetype sections also contains a field for the regular
expression used for parsing command output for error and warning messages.

The columns in the first three sections allow setting of the label, command,
and working directory to run the command in.

An item with an empty label will not be shown in the menu.

An empty working directory will default to the directory of the current document.
If there is no current document then the command will not run.

The dialog will always show the command selected by priority, not just the
commands configured in this configuration source. This ensures that you always
see what the menu item is going to do if activated.

If the current source of the menu item is higher priority than the
configuration source you are editing then the command will be shown
in the dialog but will be insensitive (greyed out).  This can't happen
with the project source but can with the preferences source dialog.

The clear buttons remove the definition from the configuration source you are editing.
When you do this the command from the next lower priority source will be shown.
To hide lower priority menu items without having anything show in the menu
configure with a nothing in the label but at least one character in the command.

Substitutions in Commands and Working Directories
`````````````````````````````````````````````````

The first occurance of each of the following character sequences in each of the
command and working directory fields is substituted by the items specified below
before the command is run.

* %d - substituted by the absolute path to the directory of the current file.
* %e - substituted by the name of the current file without the extension or path.
* %f - substituted by the name of the current file without the path.
* %p - if a project is open, substituted by the base path from the project.

.. note::
   If the basepath set in the project preferences is not an absolute path , then it is
   taken as relative to the directory of the project file.  This allows a project file
   stored in the source tree to specify all commands and working directories relative
   to the tree itself, so that the whole tree including the project file, can be moved
   and even checked into and out of version control without having to re-configure the
   build menu.

Build Menu Keyboard Shortcuts
`````````````````````````````

Keyboard shortcuts can be defiend for the first two filetype menu items, the first three
non-filetype menu items, the first two execute menu items and the fixed menu items.
In the keybindings configuration dialog (see `Keybinding preferences`_)
these items are identified by the default labels shown in the `Build Menu`_ section above.

It is currently not possible to bind keyboard shortcuts to more than these menu items.

Configuration Files
```````````````````

The configurable Build Menu capability was introduced in Geany V0.19 and
required a new section to be added to the configuration files (See
`Preferences File Format`_).  Geany will still load older format project,
preferences and filetype file settings and will attempt to map them into the new
configuration format.  There is not a simple clean mapping between the formats.
The mapping used produces the most sensible results for the majority of cases.
However, if they do not map the way you want, you may have to manually
configure some settings using the Build Commands
Dialog or the Build tab of the project preferences dialog.

Any setting configured in either of these dialogs will override settings mapped from
older format configuration files.

Printing support
----------------

Since Geany 0.13 there has been printing support using GTK's printing API.
The printed page(s) will look nearly the same as on your screen in Geany.
Additionally, there are some options to modify the printed page(s).

You can define whether to print line numbers, page numbers at the bottom of
each page and whether to print a page header on each page. This header
contains the filename of the printed document, the current page number and
the date and time of printing. By default, the file name of the document
with full path information is added to the header. If you prefer to add
only the basename of the file(without any path information) you can set it
in the preferences dialog. You can also adjust the format of the date and
time added to the page header. The available conversion specifiers are the
same as the ones which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.

All of these settings can also be changed in the print dialog just before
actual printing is done.
On Unix-like systems the provided print dialog offers a print preview. The
preview file is opened with a PDF viewer and by default GTK uses ``evince``
for print preview. If you have not installed evince or just want to use
another PDF viewer, you can change the program to use in the file
``.gtkrc-2.0`` (usually found in your home directory). Simply add a line
like::

    gtk-print-preview-command = "epdfview %f"

at the end of the file. Of course, you can also use xpdf, kpdf or whatever
as the print preview command.

Unfortunately, native GTK printing support is only available if Geany was
built against GTK 2.10 (or above) **and** is running with GTK 2.10 (or above).
If not, Geany provides basic printing support. This means you can print a
file by passing the filename of the current file to a command which
actually prints the file. However, the printed document contains no syntax
highlighting. You can adjust the command to which the filename is
passed in the preferences dialog. The default command is::

    % lpr %f

``%f`` will be substituted by the filename of the current file. Geany
will not show errors from the command itself, so you should make
sure that it works before(e.g. by trying to execute it from the
command line).

A nicer example, which many prefer is::

    % a2ps -1 --medium=A4 -o - %f | xfprint4

But this depends on a2ps and xfprint4. As a replacement for xfprint4,
gtklp or similar programs can be used.



Plugins
-------

Plugins are loaded at startup, if the *Enable plugin support*
general preference is set. There is also a command-line option,
``-p``, which prevents plugins being loaded. Plugins are scanned in
the following directories:

*   ``$prefix/lib/geany`` (see `Installation prefix`_)
*   ``~/.config/geany/plugins``

Most plugins add menu items to the *Tools* menu when they are loaded.

Since Geany 0.13, there is a Plugin Manager to let you choose which plugins
should be loaded at startup. You can also load and unload plugins on the
fly using this dialog. Once you click the checkbox for a specific plugin
in the dialog, it is loaded or unloaded according to its previous state.
By default, no plugins are loaded at startup until you select some.
You can also configure some plugin specific options when the plugin
provides some.

See also `Plugin documentation`_ for information about single plugins
which are included in Geany.


Keybindings
-----------

Geany supports the default keyboard shortcuts for the Scintilla
editing widget. For a list of these commands, see `Scintilla
keyboard commands`_. The Scintilla keyboard shortcuts will be overridden
by any custom keybindings with the same keyboard shortcut.


Switching documents
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

There are a few non-configurable bindings to switch between documents,
listed below. These can also be overridden by custom keybindings.

=============== ==================================
Key             Action
=============== ==================================
Alt-[1-9]       Select left-most tab, from 1 to 9.
Alt-0           Select right-most tab.
Ctrl-Shift-PgUp Select left-most tab.
Ctrl-Shift-PgDn Select right-most tab.
=============== ==================================


Configurable keybindings
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For all actions listed below you can define your own keybindings. Open
the Preferences dialog, select the desired action and click on
change. In the resulting dialog you can press the key combination you
want to assign to the action and it will be saved when you press OK.
You can define only one key combination for each action and each key
combination can only be defined for one action.

Some of the default key combinations are common across many
applications, for example *Ctrl-N* for New and *Ctrl-O* for Open.
Because they are so common it is not advisable to change these, but
you can add other key combinations for these actions. For example
*Ctrl-O* is set to execute menu_open by default, but you can also
define *Alt-O*, so that the file open dialog is shown by pressing
either *Ctrl-O* or *Alt-O*.

The following tables list all customizable keyboard shortcuts, those
which are common to many applications are marked with (C) after the
shortcut.

File keybindings
````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
New                             Ctrl-N  (C)               Creates a new file.

Open                            Ctrl-O  (C)               Opens a file.

Open selected file              Ctrl-Shift-O              Opens the selected filename.

Re-open last closed tab                                   Re-opens the last closed document tab.

Save                            Ctrl-S  (C)               Saves the current file.

Save As                                                   Saves the current file under a new name.

Save all                        Ctrl-Shift-S              Saves all open files.

Close all                       Ctrl-Shift-W              Closes all open files.

Close                           Ctrl-W  (C)               Closes the current file.

Reload file                     Ctrl-R  (C)               Reloads the current file. All unsaved changes
                                                          will be lost.

Print                           Ctrl-P  (C)               Prints the current file.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Editor keybindings
``````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Undo                            Ctrl-Z  (C)               Un-does the last action.

Redo                            Ctrl-Y                    Re-does the last action.

Delete current line(s)          Ctrl-K                    Deletes the current line (and any lines with a
                                                          selection).

Delete to line end              Ctrl-Shift-Delete         Deletes from the current caret position to the
                                                          end of the current line.

Duplicate line or selection     Ctrl-D                    Duplicates the current line or selection.

Transpose current line          Ctrl-T                    Transposes the current line with the previous one.

Scroll to current line          Ctrl-Shift-L              Scrolls the current line into the centre of the
                                                          view. The cursor position and or an existing
                                                          selection will not be changed.

Scroll up by one line           Alt-Up                    Scrolls the view.

Scroll down by one line         Alt-Down                  Scrolls the view.

Complete word                   Ctrl-Space                Shows the autocompletion list. If already showing
                                                          tag completion, it shows document word completion
                                                          instead, even if it is not enabled for automatic
                                                          completion. Likewise if no tag suggestions are
                                                          available, it shows document word completion.

Show calltip                    Ctrl-Shift-Space          Shows a calltip for the current function or
                                                          method.

Show macro list                 Ctrl-Return               Shows a list of available macros and variables in
                                                          the workspace.

Complete snippet                Tab                       If you type a construct like if or for and press
                                                          this key, it will be completed with a matching
                                                          template.

Suppress snippet completion                               If you type a construct like if or for and press
                                                          this key, it will not be completed, and a space or
                                                          tab will be inserted, depending on what the
                                                          construct completion keybinding is set to. For
                                                          example, if you have set the construct completion
                                                          keybinding to space, then setting this to
                                                          Shift+space will prevent construct completion and
                                                          insert a space.

Context Action                                            Executes a command and passes the current word
                                                          (near the cursor position) or selection as an
                                                          argument. See the section called `Context
                                                          actions`_.

Move cursor in snippet                                    Jumps to the next defined cursor positions in a
                                                          completed snippets if multiple cursor positions
                                                          where defined.

Word part completion            Tab                       When the autocompletion list is visible, complete
                                                          the currently selected item up to the next word
                                                          part.

Move line(s) up                                           Move the current line or selected lines up by
                                                          one line.

Move line(s) down                                         Move the current line or selected lines down by
                                                          one line.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Clipboard keybindings
`````````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Cut                             Ctrl-X  (C)               Cut the current selection to the clipboard.

Copy                            Ctrl-C  (C)               Copy the current selection to the clipboard.

Paste                           Ctrl-V  (C)               Paste the clipboard text into the current document.

Cut current line(s)             Ctrl-Shift-X              Cuts the current line (and any lines with a
                                                          selection) to the clipboard.

Copy current line(s)            Ctrl-Shift-C              Copies the current line (and any lines with a
                                                          selection) to the clipboard.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Select keybindings
``````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Select all                      Ctrl-A  (C)               Makes a selection of all text in the current
                                                          document.

Select current word             Alt-Shift-W               Selects the current word under the cursor.

Select current paragraph        Alt-Shift-P               Selects the current paragraph under the cursor
                                                          which is defined by two empty lines around it.

Select current line(s)          Alt-Shift-L               Selects the current line under the cursor (and any
                                                          partially selected lines).

Select to previous word part                              (Extend) selection to previous word part boundary.

Select to next word part                                  (Extend) selection to next word part boundary.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Insert keybindings
``````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Insert date                     Shift-Alt-D               Inserts a customisable date.

Insert alternative whitespace                             Inserts a tab character when spaces should
                                                          be used for indentation and inserts space
                                                          characters of the amount of a tab width when
                                                          tabs should be used for indentation.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Format keybindings
``````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Toggle case of selection        Ctrl-Alt-U                Changes the case of the selection. A lowercase
                                                          selection will be changed into uppercase and vice
                                                          versa. If the selection contains lower- and
                                                          uppercase characters, all will be converted to
                                                          lowercase.

Comment line                                              Comments current line or selection.

Uncomment line                                            Uncomments current line or selection.

Toggle line commentation        Ctrl-E                    Comments a line if it is not commented or removes
                                                          a comment if the line is commented.

Increase indent                 Ctrl-I                    Indents the current line or selection by one tab
                                                          or by spaces in the amount of the tab width
                                                          setting.

Decrease indent                 Ctrl-U                    Removes one tab or the amount of spaces of
                                                          the tab width setting from the indentation of the
                                                          current line or selection.

Increase indent by one space                              Indents the current line or selection by one
                                                          space.

Decrease indent by one space                              Deindents the current line or selection by one
                                                          space.

Smart line indent                                         Indents the current line or all selected lines
                                                          with the same indentation as the previous line.

Send to Custom Command 1 (2,3)  Ctrl-1 (2,3)              Passes the current selection to a configured
                                                          external command (available for the first
                                                          three configured commands, see
                                                          `Sending text through custom commands`_ for
                                                          details).

Send Selection to Terminal                                Sends the current selection or the current
                                                          line (if there is no selection) to the
                                                          embedded Terminal (VTE).

Reflow lines/block                                        Reformat selected lines or current
                                                          (indented) text block,
                                                          breaking lines at the long line marker or the
                                                          line breaking column if line breaking is
                                                          enabled for the current document.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Settings keybindings
````````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Preferences                     Ctrl-Alt-P                Opens preferences dialog.

Plugin Preferences                                        Opens plugin preferences dialog.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Search keybindings
``````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Find                            Ctrl-F  (C)               Opens the Find dialog.

Find Next                       Ctrl-G                    Finds next result.

Find Previous                   Ctrl-Shift-G              Finds previous result.

Replace                         Ctrl-H  (C)               Opens the Replace dialog.

Find in files                   Ctrl-Shift-F              Opens the Find in files dialog.

Next message                                              Jumps to the line with the next message in
                                                          the Messages window.

Previous message                                          Jumps to the line with the previous message
                                                          in the Messages window.

Find Usage                                                Finds all occurrences of the current word (near
                                                          the keyboard cursor) or selection in all open
                                                          documents and displays them in the messages
                                                          window.

Find Document Usage                                       Finds all occurrences of the current word (near
                                                          the keyboard cursor) or selection in the current
                                                          document and displays them in the messages
                                                          window.

Mark All                        Ctrl-Shift-M              Highlight all matches of the current
                                                          word/selection in the current document
                                                          with a colored box. If there's nothing to
                                                          find, highlighted matches will be cleared.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Go to keybindings
`````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Navigate forward a location                               Switches to the next location in the navigation
                                                          history. See the section called `Code Navigation
                                                          History`_.

Navigate back a location                                  Switches to the previous location in the
                                                          navigation history. See the section called
                                                          `Code navigation history`_.

Go to line                      Ctrl-L                    Focuses the Go to Line entry (if visible) or
                                                          shows the Go to line dialog.

Goto matching brace             Ctrl-B                    If the cursor is ahead or behind a brace, then it
                                                          is moved to the brace which belongs to the current
                                                          one. If this keyboard shortcut is pressed again,
                                                          the cursor is moved back to the first brace.

Toggle marker                   Ctrl-M                    Set a marker on the current line, or clear the
                                                          marker if there already is one.

Goto next marker                Ctrl-.                    Goto the next marker in the current document.

Goto previous marker            Ctrl-,                    Goto the previous marker in the current document.

Go to tag definition                                      Jump to the definition of the current word (near
                                                          the keyboard cursor). If the definition cannot be
                                                          found (e.g. the relevant file is not open) Geany
                                                          will beep and do nothing. See the section called
                                                          `Go to tag definition`_.

Go to tag declaration                                     Jump to the declaration of the current word (near
                                                          the keyboard cursor). If the declaration cannot be
                                                          found (e.g. the relevant file is not open) Geany
                                                          will beep and do nothing. See the section called
                                                          `Go to tag declaration`_.

Go to Start of Line             Home                      Move the caret to the end of the line indentation
                                                          unless it is already there, in which case it moves
                                                          it to the start of the line.

Go to End of Line               End                       Move the caret to the end of the line.

Go to End of Display Line       Alt-End                   Move the caret to the end of the display line.
                                                          This is useful when you use line wrapping and
                                                          want to jump to the end of the wrapped, virtual
                                                          line, not the real end of the whole line.
                                                          If the line is not wrapped, it behaves like
                                                          `Go to End of Line`, see above.

Go to Previous Word Part        Ctrl-/                    Goto the previous part of the current word.

Go to Next Word Part            Ctrl-\                    Goto the next part of the current word.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================

View keybindings
````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Fullscreen                      F11  (C)                  Switches to fullscreen mode.

Toggle Messages Window                                    Toggles the message window (status and compiler
                                                          messages) on and off.

Toggle Sidebar                                            Shows or hides the sidebar.

Toggle all additional widgets                             Hide and show all additional widgets like the
                                                          notebook tabs, the toolbar, the messages window
                                                          and the status bar.

Zoom In                         Ctrl-+  (C)               Zooms in the text.

Zoom Out                        Ctrl--  (C)               Zooms out the text.

Zoom Reset                      Ctrl-0                    Reset any previous zoom on the text.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================

Focus keybindings
`````````````````
================================ ========================= ==================================================
Action                           Default shortcut          Description
================================ ========================= ==================================================
Switch to Editor                 F2                        Switches to editor widget.
                                                           Also reshows the document statistics line
                                                           (after a short timeout).

Switch to Scribble               F6                        Switches to scribble widget.

Switch to VTE                    F4                        Switches to VTE widget.

Switch to Search Bar             F7                        Switches to the search bar in the toolbar (if
                                                           visible).

Switch to Sidebar                                          Focus the Sidebar.

Switch to Compiler                                         Focus the Compiler message window tab.

Switch to Messages                                         Focus the Messages message window tab.

Switch to Message Window                                   Focus the Message Window's current tab.

Switch to Sidebar Document List                            Focus the Document list tab in the Sidebar
                                                           (if visible).

Switch to Sidebar Symbol List                              Focus the Symbol list tab in the Sidebar
                                                           (if visible).
================================ ========================= ==================================================


Notebook tab keybindings
````````````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Switch to left document         Ctrl-PageUp   (C)         Switches to the previous open document.

Switch to right document        Ctrl-PageDown (C)         Switches to the next open document.

Switch to last used document    Ctrl-Tab                  Switches to the previously shown document (if it's
                                                          still open).
                                                          Holding Ctrl (or another modifier if the keybinding
                                                          has been changed) will show a dialog, then repeated
                                                          presses of the keybinding will switch to the 2nd-last
                                                          used document, 3rd-last, etc. Also known as
                                                          Most-Recently-Used documents switching.

Move document left              Alt-PageUp                Changes the current document with the left hand
                                                          one.

Move document right             Alt-PageDown              Changes the current document with the right hand
                                                          one.

Move document first                                       Moves the current document to the first position.

Move document last                                        Moves the current document to the last position.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Document keybindings
````````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Replace tabs by space                                     Replaces all tabs with the right amount of spaces.

Replace spaces by tabs                                    Replaces all spaces with tab characters.

Toggle current fold                                       Toggles the folding state of the current code block.

Fold all                                                  Folds all contractible code blocks.

Unfold all                                                Unfolds all contracted code blocks.

Reload symbol list              Ctrl-Shift-R              Reloads the tag/symbol list.

Toggle Line wrapping                                      Enables or disables wrapping of long lines.

Toggle Line breaking                                      Enables or disables automatic breaking of long
                                                          lines at a configurable column.

Remove Markers                                            Remove any markers on lines or words which
                                                          were set by using 'Mark All' in the
                                                          search dialog or by manually marking lines.

Remove Error Indicators                                   Remove any error indicators in the
                                                          current document.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Build keybindings
`````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Compile                         F8                        Compiles the current file.

Build                           F9                        Builds (compiles if necessary and links) the
                                                          current file.

Make all                        Shift-F9                  Builds the current file with the Make tool.

Make custom target              Ctrl-Shift-F9             Builds the current file with the Make tool and a
                                                          given target.

Make object                                               Compiles the current file with the Make tool.

Next error                                                Jumps to the line with the next error from the
                                                          last build process.

Previous error                                            Jumps to the line with the previous error from
                                                          the last build process.

Run                             F5                        Executes the current file in a terminal emulation.

Set Build Commands                                        Opens the build commands dialog.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Tools keybindings
`````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Show Color Chooser                                        Opens the Color Chooser dialog.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================


Help keybindings
````````````````
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Action                          Default shortcut          Description
=============================== ========================= ==================================================
Help                            F1 (C)                       Opens the manual.
=============================== ========================= ==================================================




Configuration files
===================
.. warning::
    You must use UTF-8 encoding *without BOM* for configuration files.


Tools menu items
----------------
There's a *Configuration files* submenu in the *Tools* menu that
contains items for some of the available user configuration files.
Clicking on one opens it in the editor for you to update. Geany will
reload the file after you have saved it.

.. note::
    Other configuration files not shown here will need to be opened
    manually, and will not be automatically reloaded when saved.
    (see *Reload Configuration* below).

There's also a *Reload Configuration* item which can be used if you
updated one of the other configuration files, or modified or added
template files.

*Reload Configuration* is also necessary to update syntax highlighting colors.

.. note::
    Syntax highlighting colors aren't updated in open documents after
    saving filetypes.common as this can possibly take a significant
    amount of time.


Global configuration file
-------------------------

There is a global configuration file for Geany which will be used for
any settings not defined in the users local configuration file.
Settings present in the local configuration file override those in the global
file.

The global configuration file is read from
``$prefix/share/geany/geany.conf`` (where ``$prefix`` is the path where
Geany is installed, see `Installation prefix`_) when starting Geany and
an user configuration file does not exist. It can contain any settings
which are found in the usual configuration file created by Geany but
does not have to contain all settings.

.. note::
    This feature is mainly intended for package maintainers or system
    admins who want to set up Geany in a multi user environment and
    set some sane default values for this environment. Usually users won't
    need to do that.



Filetype definition files
-------------------------

All color definitions and other filetype specific settings are
stored in the filetype definition files. Those settings are colors
for syntax highlighting, general settings like comment characters or
word delimiter characters as well as compiler and linker settings.

Custom filetypes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
At startup Geany looks for ``filetypes.*.conf`` files in the system and
user filetype paths, adding any filetypes found with the name matching
the '``*``' wildcard.

Custom filetypes are not as powerful as built-in filetypes, but the following
have been implemented:

* Recognizing and setting the filetype (after the user has manually edited
  ``filetype_extensions.conf``).
* Filetype settings in the [settings] section (see `Format`_).
    * Using existing tag parsing (``tag_parser`` key).
    * Using existing syntax highlighting (``lexer_filetype`` key).
* Build commands.
* Loading global tags files (namespace will be shared with tag_parser
  type).

System files
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The system-wide configuration files can be found in
``$prefix/share/geany`` and are called ``filetypes.$ext``,
where ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is installed (see
`Installation prefix`_) and $ext is the name of the filetype. For every
filetype there is a corresponding definition file. There is one
exception: ``filetypes.common`` -- this file is for general settings,
which are not specific to a certain filetype.

.. warning::
    It is not recommended that users edit the system-wide files,
    because they will be overridden when Geany is updated.

User files
^^^^^^^^^^
To change the settings, copy a file from ``$prefix/share/geany`` to
the subdirectory filedefs in your configuration directory (usually
``~/.config/geany/``).

For example::

    % cp /usr/local/share/geany/filetypes.c /home/username/.config/geany/filedefs/

Then you can edit the file and the changes are also
available after an update of Geany because they reside in your
configuration directory. Alternatively, you can create a file
``~/.config/geany/filedefs/filetypes.X`` and add only these settings you want
to change. All missing settings will be read from the corresponding
global definition file in ``$prefix/share/geany``.

As well as the sections listed below, each filetype file can contain
a [build-menu] section as described in `[build-menu] Section`_.

Format
^^^^^^


[styling] Section
`````````````````

In this section the colors for syntax highlighting are defined. The
manual format is:

* ``key=foreground_color;background_color;bold_flag;italic_flag``

Colors have to be specified as RGB hex values prefixed by
0x. For example red is 0xff0000, blue is 0x0000ff. The values are
case-insensitive, but it is a good idea to use small letters. Bold
and italic are flags and should only be "true" or "false". If their
value is something other than "true" or "false", "false" is assumed.

You can omit fields to use the values from the style named ``"default"``.

E.g. ``key=0xff0000;;true``

This makes the key style have red foreground text, default background
color text and bold emphasis.

Using a named style
*******************
The second format uses a *named style* name to reference a style
defined in filetypes.common.

* ``key=named_style``
* ``key2=named_style2,bold,italic``

The bold and italic parts are optional, and if present are used to
toggle the bold or italic flags to the opposite of the named style's
flags. In contrast to style definition booleans, they are a literal
",bold,italic" and commas are used instead of semi-colons.

E.g. ``key=comment,italic``

This makes the key style match the ``"comment"`` named style, but with
italic emphasis.

To define named styles, see the filetypes.common `[named_styles]
Section`_.


[keywords] Section
``````````````````

This section contains keys for different keyword lists specific to
the filetype. Some filetypes do not support keywords, so adding a
new key will not work. You can only add or remove keywords to/from
an existing list.

.. important::
    The keywords list must be in one line without line ending characters.


[lexer_properties] Section
``````````````````````````
Here any special properties for the Scintilla lexer can be set in the
format ``key.name.field=some.value``.


[settings] Section
``````````````````

extension
    This is the default file extension used when saving files, not
    including the period character (``.``). The extension used should
    match one of the patterns associated with that filetype (see
    `Filetype extensions`_).

    *Example:* ``extension=cxx``

wordchars
    These characters define word boundaries when making selections
    and searching using word matching options.

    *Example:* (look at system filetypes.\* files)

comment_open
    A character or string which is used to comment code. If you want to
    use multiline comments, also set comment_close, otherwise leave it
    empty.

    *Example:* ``comment_open=/*``

comment_close
    If multiline comments are used, this is the character or string to
    close the comment.

    *Example:* ``comment_close=*/``

comment_use_indent
    Set this to false if a comment character or string should start at
    column 0 of a line. If set to true it uses any indentation of the
    line.

    Note: Comment indentation

    ``comment_use_indent=true`` would generate this if a line is
    commented (e.g. with Ctrl-D)::

        #command_example();

    ``comment_use_indent=false`` would generate this if a line is
    commented (e.g. with Ctrl-D)::

        #   command_example();


    Note: This setting only works for single line comments (like '//',
    '#' or ';').

    *Example:* ``comment_use_indent=true``

context_action_cmd
    A command which can be executed on the current word or the current
    selection.

    Example usage: Open the API documentation for the
    current function call at the cursor position.

    The command can
    be set for every filetype or if not set, a global command will
    be used. The command itself can be specified without the full
    path, then it is searched in $PATH. But for security reasons,
    it is recommended to specify the full path to the command. The
    wildcard %s will be replaced by the current word at the cursor
    position or by the current selection.

    Hint: for PHP files the following could be quite useful:
    context_action_cmd=firefox "http://www.php.net/%s"

    *Example:* ``context_action_cmd=devhelp -s "%s"``

tag_parser
    The TagManager language name, e.g. "C".

lexer_filetype
    A filetype name to setup syntax highlighting from another filetype.
    This must not be recursive, i.e. it should be a filetype name that
    doesn't use the lexer_filetype key itself.


[build_settings] Section
````````````````````````

As of Geany v0.19 this section is supplemented by the `[build-menu] Section`_.
Values that are set in the [build-menu] section will override those in this section.

error_regex
    This is a GNU-style extended regular expression to parse a filename
    and line number from build output. If undefined, Geany will fall
    back to its default error message parsing.

    Only the first two matches will be read by Geany. Geany will look for
    a match that is purely digits, and use this for the line number. The
    remaining match will be used as the filename.

    *Example:* ``error_regex=(.+):([0-9]+):[0-9]+``

    This will parse a message such as:
    ``test.py:7:24: E202 whitespace before ']'``

**Build commands**

If any build menu item settings have been configured in the Build Menu Commands
dialog or the Build tab of the project preferences dialog then these
settings are stored in the [build-menu] section and override the settings in
this section for that item.

compiler
    This item specifies the command to compile source code files. But
    it is also possible to use it with interpreted languages like Perl
    or Python. With these filetypes you can use this option as a kind of
    syntax parser, which sends output to the compiler message window.

    You should quote the filename to also support filenames with
    spaces. The following wildcards for filenames are available:

    * %f -- complete filename without path
    * %e -- filename without path and without extension

    *Example:* ``compiler=gcc -Wall -c "%f"``

linker
    This item specifies the command to link the file. If the file is not
    already compiled, it will be compiled while linking. The -o option
    is automatically added by Geany. This item works well with GNU gcc,
    but may be problematic with other compilers (esp. with the linker).

    *Example:* ``linker=gcc -Wall "%f"``

run_cmd
    Use this item to execute your file. It has to have been built
    already. Use the %e wildcard to have only the name of the executable
    (i.e. without extension) or use the %f wildcard if you need the
    complete filename, e.g. for shell scripts.

    *Example:* ``run_cmd="./%e"``


Special file filetypes.common
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

There is a special filetype definition file called
filetypes.common. This file defines some general non-filetype-specific
settings.

See the `Format`_ section for how to define styles.


[named_styles] Section
``````````````````````
Named styles declared here can be used in the [styling] section of any
filetypes.* file.

For example:

*In filetypes.common*::

    [named_styles]
    foo=0xc00000;0xffffff;false;true
    bar=foo

*In filetypes.c*::

    [styling]
    comment=foo

This saves copying and pasting the whole style definition into several
different files.

.. note::
    You can define aliases for named styles, as shown with the ``bar``
    entry in the above example, but they must be declared after the
    original style.


[styling] Section
`````````````````
default
    This is the default style. It is used for styling files without a
    filetype set.

    *Example:* ``default=0x000000;0xffffff;false;false``

selection
    The style for coloring selected text. The format is:

    * Foreground color
    * Background color
    * Use foreground color
    * Use background color

    The colors are only set if the 3rd or 4th argument is true. When
    the colors are not overridden, the default is a dark grey
    background with syntax highlighted foreground text.

    *Example:* ``selection=0xc0c0c0;0x00007F;true;true``

brace_good
    The style for brace highlighting when a matching brace was found.

    *Example:* ``brace_good=0xff0000;0xFFFFFF;true;false``

brace_bad
    The style for brace highlighting when no matching brace was found.

    *Example:* ``brace_bad=0x0000ff;0xFFFFFF;true;false``

caret
    The style for coloring the caret(the blinking cursor). Only first
    and third argument is interpreted.
    Set the third argument to true to change the caret into a block caret.

    *Example:* ``caret=0x000000;0x0;false;false``

caret_width
    The width for the caret(the blinking cursor). Only the first
    argument is interpreted. The width is specified in pixels with
    a maximum of three pixel. Use the width 0 to make the caret
    invisible.

    *Example:* ``caret=1;0;false;false``

current_line
    The style for coloring the background of the current line. Only
    the second and third arguments are interpreted. The second argument
    is the background color. Use the third argument to enable or
    disable background highlighting for the current line (has to be
    true/false).

    *Example:* ``current_line=0x0;0xe5e5e5;true;false``

indent_guide
    The style for coloring the indentation guides. Only the first and
    second arguments are interpreted.

    *Example:* ``indent_guide=0xc0c0c0;0xffffff;false;false``

white_space
    The style for coloring the white space if it is shown. The first
    both arguments define the foreground and background colors, the
    third argument sets whether to use the defined foreground color
    or to use the color defined by each filetype for the white space.
    The fourth argument defines whether to use the background color.

    *Example:* ``white_space=0xc0c0c0;0xffffff;true;true``

.. _Folding Settings:

folding_style
    The style of folding icons. Only first and second arguments are
    used.

    Valid values for the first argument are:

    * 1 -- for boxes
    * 2 -- for circles
    * 3 -- for arrows
    * 4 -- for +/-

    Valid values for the second argument are:

    * 0 -- for no lines
    * 1 -- for straight lines
    * 2 -- for curved lines

    *Default:* ``folding_style=1;1;``

    *Arrows:* ``folding_style=3;0;``

folding_horiz_line
    Draw a thin horizontal line at the line where text is folded. Only
    first argument is used.

    Valid values for the first argument are:

    * 0 -- disable, do not draw a line
    * 1 -- draw the line above folded text
    * 2 -- draw the line below folded text

    *Example:* ``folding_horiz_line=0;0;false;false``

line_wrap_visuals
    First argument: drawing of visual flags to indicate a line is wrapped.
    This is a bitmask of the values:

    * 0 -- No visual flags
    * 1 -- Visual flag at end of subline of a wrapped line
    * 2 -- Visual flag at begin of subline of a wrapped line. Subline is
      indented by at least 1 to make room for the flag.

    Second argument: wether the visual flags to indicate a line is wrapped
    are drawn near the border or near the text. This is a bitmask of the values:

    * 0 -- Visual flags drawn near border
    * 1 -- Visual flag at end of subline drawn near text
    * 2 -- Visual flag at begin of subline drawn near text

    Only first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``line_wrap_visuals=3;0;false;false``

line_wrap_indent
    First argument: sets the size of indentation of sublines for wrapped lines
    in terms of the width of a space, only used when the second argument is ``0``.

    Second argument: wrapped sublines can be indented to the position of their
    first subline or one more indent level. Possible values:

    * 0 - Wrapped sublines aligned to left of window plus amount set by the first argument
    * 1 - Wrapped sublines are aligned to first subline indent (use the same indentation)
    * 2 - Wrapped sublines are aligned to first subline indent plus one more level of indentation

    Only first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``line_wrap_indent=0;1;false;false``

translucency
    Translucency for the current line (first argument) and the selection
    (second argument). Values between 0 and 256 are accepted.

    Note for Windows 95, 98 and ME users:
    keep this value at 256 to disable translucency otherwise Geany might crash.

    Only the first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``translucency=256;256;false;false``

marker_line
    The style for a highlighted line (e.g when using Goto line or goto tag).
    The foreground color (first argument) is only used when the Markers margin
    is enabled (see View menu).

    Only the first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``marker_line=0x000000;0xffff00;false;false``

marker_search
    The style for a marked search results (when using "Mark" in Search dialogs).
    The second argument sets the background colour for the drawn rectangle.

    Only the second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``marker_search=0x000000;0xb8f4b8;false;false``

marker_mark
    The style for a marked line (e.g when using the "Toggle Marker" keybinding
    (Ctrl-M)). The foreground color (first argument) is only used
    when the Markers margin is enabled (see View menu).

    Only the first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``marker_mark=0x000000;0xb8f4b8;false;false``

marker_translucency
    Translucency for the line marker (first argument) and the search marker
    (second argument). Values between 0 and 256 are accepted.

    Note for Windows 95, 98 and ME users:
    keep this value at 256 to disable translucency otherwise Geany might crash.

    Only the first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``marker_translucency=256;256;false;false``

line_height
    Amount of space to be drawn above and below the line's baseline.
    The first argument defines the amount of space to be drawn above the line, the second
    argument defines the amount of space to be drawn below.

    Only the first and second argument is interpreted.

    *Example:* ``line_height=0;0;false;false``

calltips
    The style for coloring the calltips. The first two arguments
    define the foreground and background colors, the third and fourth
    arguments set whether to use the defined colors.

    *Example:* ``calltips=0xc0c0c0;0xffffff;false;false``


[settings] Section
``````````````````
whitespace_chars
    Characters to treat as whitespace. These characters are ignored
    when moving, selecting and deleting across word boundaries
    (see `Scintilla keyboard commands`_).

    This should include space (\\s) and tab (\\t).

    *Example:* ``whitespace_chars=\s\t!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~``



Filetype extensions
-------------------

To change the default filetype extension used when saving a new file,
see `Filetype definition files`_.

You can override the list of file extensions that Geany uses for each
filetype using the ``filetype_extensions.conf`` file.

To override the system-wide configuration file, copy it from
``$prefix/share/geany`` to your configuration directory, usually
``~/.config/geany/``. ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is installed
(see `Installation prefix`_).

For example::

    % cp /usr/local/share/geany/filetype_extensions.conf /home/username/.config/geany/

Then edit it and remove all the lines for filetype extensions that
you do not want to override. The remaining lines can be edited after
the ``=`` sign, using a semi-colon separated list of patterns which
should be matched for that filetype.

For example, to set the filetype extensions for Make, the
``/home/username/.config/geany/filetype_extensions.conf`` file should
look like::

    [Extensions]
    Make=Makefile*;*.mk;Buildfile;

Preferences File Format
-----------------------

The preferences file ``~/.config/geany/geany.conf`` holds settings for all the items configured
in the preferences dialog. This file should not be edited while Geany is running
as the file will be overwritten when the preferences in Geany are changed or Geany
is quitted.


Hidden preferences
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

There are some rarely used preferences that are not shown in the Preferences
dialog. These can be set by editing the preferences file, then
selecting *Tools->Reload Configuration* or restarting Geany. Search for the
key name, then edit the value. Example:

    ``brace_match_ltgt=true``

The table below show the key names of hidden preferences in the
configuration file.

================================  ===========================================  ==================
Key                               Description                                  Default
================================  ===========================================  ==================
**Editor related**
brace_match_ltgt                  Whether to highlight <, > angle brackets.    false
show_editor_scrollbars            Whether to display scrollbars. If set to     true
                                  false, the horizontal and vertical
                                  scrollbars are hidden completely.
use_gtk_word_boundaries           Whether to look for the end of a word when   true
                                  using word-boundary related Scintilla
                                  commands (see `Scintilla keyboard
                                  commands`_).
complete_snippets_whilst_editing  Whether to allow completion of snippets      false
                                  when editing an existing line (i.e. there
                                  is some text after the current cursor
                                  position on the line). Only used when the
                                  keybinding ``Complete snippet`` is set to
                                  ``Space``.
**Interface related**
show_symbol_list_expanders        Whether to show or hide the small expander   true
                                  icons on the symbol list treeview (only
                                  available with GTK 2.12 or above).
allow_always_save                 Whether files can be saved always, even if   false
                                  they don't have any changes. By default,
                                  the Save buttons and menu items are
                                  disabled when a file is unchanged. When
                                  setting this option to true, the Save
                                  buttons and menu items are always active
                                  and files can be saved.
**VTE related**
emulation                         Terminal emulation mode. Only change this    xterm
                                  if you have VTE termcap files other than
                                  ``vte/termcap/xterm``.
send_selection_unsafe             By default, Geany strips any trailing        false
                                  newline characters from the current
                                  selection before sending it to the terminal
                                  to not execute arbitrary code. This is
                                  mainly a security feature.
                                  If, for whatever reasons, you really want
                                  it to be executed directly, set this option
                                  to true.
**File related**
use_safe_file_saving              Defines the mode how Geany saves files to    false
                                  disk. If disabled, Geany directly writes
                                  the content of the document to disk. This
                                  might cause in loss of data when there is
                                  no more free space on disk to save the
                                  file. When set to true, Geany first saves
                                  the contents into a temporary file and if
                                  this succeeded, the temporary file is
                                  moved to the real file to save.
                                  This gives better error checking in case of
                                  no more free disk space. But it also
                                  destroys hard links of the original file
                                  and its permissions (e.g. executable flags
                                  are reset). Use this with care as it can
                                  break things seriously.
                                  The better approach would be to ensure your
                                  disk won't run out of free space.
**Build Menu related**
number_ft_menu_items              The maximum number of menu items in the      2
                                  filetype section of the Build menu.
number_non_ft_menu_items          The maximum number of menu items in the      3
                                  non-filetype section of the Build menu.
number_exec_menu_items            The maximum number of menu items in the      2
                                  execute section of the Build menu.
================================  ===========================================  ==================

[build-menu] Section
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The [build-menu] section contains the configuration of the build menu.
This section can occur in filetype, preferences and project files and
always has the format described here.  Different menu items are loaded
from different files, see the table in the `Build Menu Configuration`_
section for details.  All the settings can be configured from the dialogs
except the execute command in filetype files and filetype definitions in
the project file, so these are the only ones which need hand editing.

The build-menu section stores one entry for each setting for each menu item that
is configured.  The keys for these settings have the format:

  ``GG_NN_FF``

where:

* GG - is the menu item group,

  - FT for filetype
  - NF for non-filetype
  - EX for execute

* NN - is a two decimal digit number of the item within the group,
  starting at 00
* FF - is the field,

  - LB for label
  - CM for command
  - WD for working directory


Project File Format
-------------------

The project file contains project related settings and possibly a
record of the current session files.


[build-menu] Additions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The project file also can have extra fields in the [build-menu] section
in addition to those listed in `[build-menu] Section`_ above.

When filetype menu items are configured for the project they are stored
in the project file.

The ``filetypes`` entry is a list of the filetypes which exist in the
project file.

For each filetype the entries for that filetype have the format defined in
`[build-menu] Section`_ but the key is prefixed by the name of the filetype
as it appears in the ``filetypes`` entry, eg the entry for the label of
filetype menu item 0 for the C filetype would be

  ``CFT_00_LB=Label``


Templates
---------

Geany supports the following templates:

* ChangeLog entry
* File header
* Function description
* Short GPL notice
* Short BSD notice
* File templates

To use these templates, just open the Edit menu or open the popup menu
by right-clicking in the editor widget, and choose "Insert Comments"
and insert templates as you want.

Some templates (like File header or ChangeLog entry) will always be
inserted at the top of the file.

To insert a function description, the cursor must be inside
of the function, so that the function name can be determined
automatically. The description will be positioned correctly one line
above the function, just check it out. If the cursor is not inside
of a function or the function name cannot be determined, the inserted
function description won't contain the correct function name but "unknown"
instead.


Template meta data
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Meta data can be used with all templates, but by default user set
meta data is only used for the ChangeLog and File header templates.

In the configuration dialog you can find a tab "Templates" (see
`Template preferences`_). You can define the default values
which will be inserted in the templates. You should select
*Tools->Reload Configuration* or restart Geany after making changes.


File templates
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

File templates are templates used as the basis of a new file. To
use them, choose the *New (with Template)* menu item from the *File*
menu.

By default, file templates are installed for some filetypes. Custom
file templates can be added by creating the appropriate template file
and then selecting *Tools->Reload Configuration* or restarting Geany. You can
also edit the default file templates.

The file's contents are just the text to place in the document, with
optional template wildcards like ``{fileheader}``. The fileheader
wildcard can be placed anywhere, but it's usually put on the first
line of the file, followed by a blank line.

Custom file templates
`````````````````````

These are read from the following directories:

* ``$prefix/share/geany/templates/files`` (see `Installation prefix`_)
* ``~/.config/geany/templates/files`` (created the first time
  Geany is started).

The filetype to use is detected from the template file's extension, if
any. For example, creating a file ``module.c`` would add a menu item
which created a new document with the filetype set to 'C'.

The template file is read from disk when the corresponding menu item is
clicked, so you don't need to select *Tools->Reload Configuration* or restart
Geany after editing a custom file template.

Filetype templates
``````````````````

.. note::
    It's recommended to use custom file templates instead.

Filetype template files are read from the ``~/.config/geany/templates``
directory, and are named "filetype." followed by the filetype
name, e.g. "filetype.python", "filetype.sh", etc. If you are
unsure about the filetype name extensions, they are the same as
the filetype configuration file extensions, commonly installed in
``/usr/share/geany``, with the prefix "filetypes.".

There is also a template file ``filetype.none`` which is used when
the New command is used without a filetype. This is empty by default.


Customizing templates
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Each template can be customized to your needs. The templates are
stored in the ``~/.config/geany/templates/`` directory (see the section called
`Command line options`_ for further information about the configuration
directory). Just open the desired template with an editor (ideally,
Geany ;-) ) and edit the template to your needs. There are some
wildcards which will be automatically replaced by Geany at startup.


Template wildcards
``````````````````

All wildcards must be enclosed by "{" and "}", e.g. {date}.

============== ============================================= =======================================
Wildcard       Description                                   Available in
============== ============================================= =======================================
ob             { Opening Brace (used to prevent other        file templates, file header, snippets.
               wildcards being expanded).
cb             } Closing Brace.                              file templates, file header, snippets.
pc             \% Percent (used to escape e.g. %block% in
               snippets).                                    snippets.

developer      The name of the developer.                    file templates, file header,
                                                             function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

initial        The developer's initials, e.g. "ET" for       file templates, file header,
               Enrico Tröger or "JFD" for John Foobar Doe.   function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

mail           The email address of the developer.           file templates, file header,
                                                             function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

company        The company the developer is working for.     file templates, file header,
                                                             function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

year [1]_      The current year. Default format is: YYYY.    file templates, file header,
                                                             function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

version        The initial version of a new file.            file templates, file header,
                                                             function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

date [1]_      The current date. Default format:             file templates, file header,
               YYYY-MM-DD.                                   function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

untitled       The string "untitled" (this will be           file templates, file header,
               translated to your locale), used in           function description, ChangeLog entry,
               file templates.                               bsd, gpl, snippets.

geanyversion   The actual Geany version, e.g.                file templates, file header,
               "Geany |(version)|".                          function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

datetime [1]_  The current date and time. Default format:    file templates, file header,
               DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm:ss ZZZZ.                     function description, ChangeLog entry,
                                                             bsd, gpl, snippets.

filename       The filename of the current file.             file header, snippets.

gpl            This wildcard inserts a short GPL notice.     file header.

bsd            This wildcard inserts a BSD licence notice.   file header.

functionname   The function name of the function at the      function description.
               cursor position. This wildcard will only be.
               replaced in the function description.
               template.

fileheader     The file header template. This wildcard       file header, snippets, file.
               will only be replaced in filetype             templates.
               templates.

command:path   Executes the specified command and replace    file templates, file header,
               the wildcard with the command's standard      function description, ChangeLog entry,
               output. See `Special {command:} wildcard`_    bsd, gpl, snippets.
               for details.
============== ============================================= =======================================


.. [1] The format for the ``year``, ``date`` and ``datetime`` wildcards can be changed
       in the preferences dialog, see `Template preferences`_. You can
       use any conversion specifiers which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.
       For details please see http://man.cx/strftime.


Special {command:} wildcard
***************************

The {command:} wildcard is a special one because it can execute
a specified command and put the command's output (stdout) into
the template.

Example::

    {command:uname -a}

will result in::

    Linux localhost 2.6.9-023stab046.2-smp #1 SMP Mon Dec 10 15:04:55 MSK 2007 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Using this wildcard you can insert nearly any arbitrary text into the
template.

In the environment of the executed command the variables
``GEANY_FILENAME``, ``GEANY_FILETYPE`` and ``GEANY_FUNCNAME`` are set.
The value of these variables is filled in only if Geany knows about it.
For example, ``GEANY_FUNCNAME`` is only filled within the function
description template. However, these variables are ``always`` set,
just maybe with an empty value.
You can easily access them e.g. within an executed shell script using::

    $GEANY_FILENAME


.. note::
    If the specified command could not be found or not executed, the wildcard is substituted
    by an empty string. In such cases, you can find the occurred error message on Geany's
    standard error and in the Help->Debug Messages dialog.


Customizing the toolbar
-----------------------

You can add, remove and reorder the elements in the toolbar by using the toolbar editor
by manually editing the file ``ui_toolbar.xml``.

The toolbar editor can be opened from the preferences editor on the Toolbar tab or
by right-clicking on the toolbar itself and choosing it from the menu.

Manually editing of the toolbar layout
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

To override the system-wide configuration file, copy it from
``$prefix/share/geany`` to your configuration directory, usually
``~/.config/geany/``. ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is installed
(see `Installation prefix`_).

For example::

    % cp /usr/local/share/geany/ui_toolbar.xml /home/username/.config/geany/

Then edit it and add any of the available elements listed in the file or remove
any of the existing elements. Of course, you can also reorder the elements as
you wish and add or remove additional separators.
This file must be valid XML, otherwise the global toolbar UI definition
will be used instead.

Your changes are applied once you save the file.

.. note::
    (1) You cannot add new actions which are not listed below.
    (2) Everything you add or change must be inside the /ui/toolbar/ path.


Available toolbar elements
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

================== ==============================================================================
Element name       Description
================== ==============================================================================
New                Create a new file
Open               Open an existing file
Save               Save the current file
SaveAll            Save all open files
Reload             Reload the current file from disk
Close              Close the current file
CloseAll           Close all open files
Print              Print the current file
Cut                Cut the current selection
Copy               Copy the current selection
Paste              Paste the contents of the clipboard
Delete             Delete the current selection
Undo               Undo the last modification
Redo               Redo the last modification
NavBack            Navigate back a location
NavFor             Navigate forward a location
Compile            Compile the current file
Build              Build the current file, includes a submenu for Make commands. Geany
                   remembers the last chosen action from the submenu and uses this as default
                   action when the button itself is clicked.
Run                Run or view the current file
Color              Open a color chooser dialog, to interactively pick colors from a palette
ZoomIn             Zoom in the text
ZoomOut            Zoom out the text
UnIndent           Decrease indentation
Indent             Increase indentation
Replace            Replace text in the current document
SearchEntry        The search field belonging to the 'Search' element (can be used alone)
Search             Find the entered text in the current file (only useful if you also
                   use 'SearchEntry')
GotoEntry          The goto field belonging to the 'Goto' element (can be used alone)
Goto               Jump to the entered line number (only useful if you also use 'GotoEntry')
Preferences        Show the preferences dialog
Quit               Quit Geany
================== ==============================================================================



Plugin documentation
====================

Save Actions
------------

Instant Save
^^^^^^^^^^^^
This plugin sets on every new file (File->New or File-> New (with template))
a randomly chosen filename and set its filetype appropriate to the used template
or when no template was used, to a configurable default filetype.
This enables you to quickly compile, build and/or run the new file without the
need to give it an explicit filename using the Save As dialog. This might be
useful when you often create new files just for testing some code or something
similar.


Backup Copy
^^^^^^^^^^^

This plugin creates a backup copy of the current file in Geany when it is
saved. You can specify the directory where the backup copy is saved and
you can configure the automatically added extension in the configure dialog
in Geany's plugin manager.

After the plugin was loaded in Geany's plugin manager, every file is
copied into the configured backup directory when the file is saved in Geany.



Contributing to this document
=============================

This document (``geany.txt``) is written in `reStructuredText`__
(or "reST"). The source file for it is located in Geany's ``doc``
subdirectory.  If you intend on making changes, you should grab the
source right from SVN to make sure you've got the newest version. After
editing the file, to build the HTML document to see how your changes
look, run "``make doc``" in the subdirectory ``doc`` of Geany's source
directory. This regenerates the ``geany.html`` file. To generate a PDF
file, use the command "``make pdf``" which should generate a file called
geany-|(version)|.pdf.

__ http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html

After you are happy with your changes, create a patch::

    % svn diff geany.txt > foo.patch

and then submit that file to the mailing list for review.

Note, you will need the Python docutils software package installed
to build the docs. The package is named ``python-docutils`` on Debian
and Fedora systems.




Scintilla keyboard commands
===========================

Copyright © 1998, 2006 Neil Hodgson <neilh(at)scintilla(dot)org>

This appendix is distributed under the terms of the License for
Scintilla and SciTE. A copy of this license can be found in the file
``scintilla/License.txt`` included with the source code of this
program and in the appendix of this document. See `License for
Scintilla and SciTE`_.

20 June 2006



Keyboard commands
-----------------

Keyboard commands for Scintilla mostly follow common Windows and GTK+
conventions. All move keys (arrows, page up/down, home and end)
allows to extend or reduce the stream selection when holding the
Shift key, and the rectangular selection when holding the Shift and
Ctrl keys. Some keys may not be available with some national keyboards
or because they are taken by the system such as by a window manager
or GTK. Keyboard equivalents of menu commands are listed in the
menus. Some less common commands with no menu equivalent are:

=============================================   ======================
Action                                          Shortcut key
=============================================   ======================
Magnify text size.                              Ctrl+Keypad+
Reduce text size.                               Ctrl+Keypad-
Restore text size to normal.                    Ctrl+Keypad/
Indent block.                                   Tab
Dedent block.                                   Shift+Tab
Delete to start of word.                        Ctrl+BackSpace
Delete to end of word.                          Ctrl+Delete
Delete to start of line.                        Ctrl+Shift+BackSpace
Go to start of document.                        Ctrl+Home
Extend selection to start of document.          Ctrl+Shift+Home
Go to start of display line.                    Alt+Home
Extend selection to start of display line.      Alt+Shift+Home
Go to end of document.                          Ctrl+End
Extend selection to end of document.            Ctrl+Shift+End
Extend selection to end of display line.        Alt+Shift+End
Previous paragraph. Shift extends selection.    Ctrl+Up
Next paragraph. Shift extends selection.        Ctrl+Down
Previous word. Shift extends selection.         Ctrl+Left
Next word. Shift extends selection.             Ctrl+Right
=============================================   ======================




Tips and tricks
===============

Document notebook
-----------------

* Double-click on empty space in the notebook tab bar to open a
  new document.
* Middle-click on a document's notebook tab to close the document.
* Hold `Ctrl` and click on any notebook tab to switch to the last used
  document.
* Double-click on a document's notebook tab to toggle all additional
  widgets (to show them again use the View menu or the keyboard
  shortcut). The interface pref must be enabled for this to work.

Editor
------

* Alt-scroll wheel moves up/down a page.
* Ctrl-scroll wheel zooms in/out.
* Shift-scroll wheel scrolls 8 characters right/left.
* Ctrl-click on a word in a document to perform *Go to Tag Definition*.
* Ctrl-click on a bracket/brace to perform *Go to Matching Brace*.

Interface
---------

* Double-click on a symbol-list group to expand or compact it.

GTK-related
-----------

* Scrolling the mouse wheel over a notebook tab bar will switch
  notebook pages.

The following are derived from X-Windows features (but GTK still supports
them on Windows):

* Middle-click pastes the last selected text.
* Middle-click on a scrollbar moves the scrollbar to that
  position without having to drag it.



Compile-time options
====================

There are some options which can only be changed at compile time,
and some options which are used as the default for configurable
options. To change these options, edit the appropriate source file
in the ``src`` subdirectory. Look for a block of lines starting with
``#define GEANY_*``. Any definitions which are not listed here should
not be changed.

.. note::
    Most users should not need to change these options.

src/geany.h
-----------

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
GEANY_STRING_UNTITLED           A string used as the default name for new     untitled
                                files. Be aware that the string can be
                                translated, so change it only if you know
                                what you are doing.
GEANY_WINDOW_MINIMAL_WIDTH      The minimal width of the main window.         620
GEANY_WINDOW_MINIMAL_HEIGHT     The minimal height of the main window.        440
GEANY_WINDOW_DEFAULT_WIDTH      The default width of the main window at the   900
                                first start.
GEANY_WINDOW_DEFAULT_HEIGHT     The default height of the main window at the  600
                                first start.
 **Windows specific**
GEANY_USE_WIN32_DIALOG          Set this to 1 if you want to use the default  0
                                Windows file open and save dialogs instead
                                GTK's file open and save dialogs. The
                                default Windows file dialogs are missing
                                some nice features like choosing a filetype
                                or an encoding. *Do not touch this setting
                                when building on a non-Win32 system.*
==============================  ============================================  ==================

project.h
---------

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
GEANY_PROJECT_EXT               The default filename extension for Geany      geany
                                project files. It is used when creating new
                                projects and as filter mask for the project
                                open dialog.
==============================  ============================================  ==================

editor.h
--------

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
GEANY_WORDCHARS                 These characters define word boundaries when  a string with:
                                making selections and searching using word    a-z, A-Z, 0-9 and
                                matching options.                             underscore.
==============================  ============================================  ==================

keyfile.c
---------

These are default settings that can be overridden in the `Preferences`_ dialog.

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
GEANY_MIN_SYMBOLLIST_CHARS      How many characters you need to type to       4
                                trigger the autocompletion list.
GEANY_DISK_CHECK_TIMEOUT        Time in seconds between checking a file for   30
                                external changes.
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_MAKE        The make tool. This can also include a path.  "make"
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_TERMINAL    A terminal emulator. It has to accept the     "xterm"
                                command line option "-e". This can also
                                include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_BROWSER     A web browser. This can also include a path.  "firefox"
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_PRINTCMD    A printing tool. It should be able to accept  "lpr"
                                and process plain text files. This can also
                                include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_GREP        A grep tool. It should be compatible with     "grep"
                                GNU grep. This can also include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_MRU_LENGTH        The length of the "Recent files" list.        10
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_SYMBOL_LIST  The font used in sidebar to show symbols and  "Sans 9"
                                open files.
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_MSG_WINDOW   The font used in the messages window.         "Sans 9"
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_EDITOR       The font used in the editor window.           "Monospace 10"
GEANY_TOGGLE_MARK               A string which is used to mark a toggled      "~ "
                                comment.
GEANY_MAX_AUTOCOMPLETE_WORDS    How many autocompletion suggestions should    30
                                Geany provide.
==============================  ============================================  ==================

build.h
-------

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
GEANY_BUILD_ERR_HIGHLIGHT_MAX   Amount of build error messages which should   100
                                be highlighted in the Compiler message
                                window. This affects the special coloring
                                when Geany detects a compiler output line as
                                an error message and then highlight the
                                corresponding line in the source code.
                                Usually only the first few messages are
                                interesting because following errors are
                                just aftereffects.
==============================  ============================================  ==================

build.c
-------

==============================  ============================================  ==================
Option                          Description                                   Default
==============================  ============================================  ==================
PRINTBUILDCMDS                  Every time a build menu item priority         FALSE
                                calculation is run, print the state of the
                                menu item table in the form of the table
                                in `Build Menu Configuration`_.  May be
                                useful to debug configuration file
                                overloading.  Warning produces a lot of
                                output.  Can also be enabled/disabled by the
                                debugger by setting printbuildcmds to 1/0
                                overriding the compile setting.
==============================  ============================================  ==================



GNU General Public License
==========================

::

                GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
                   Version 2, June 1991

     Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
        51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

                    Preamble

      The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
    freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
    License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
    software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
    General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
    Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
    using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
    the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
    your programs, too.

      When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
    price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
    have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
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    in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

      To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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      For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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      We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
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      Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
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      The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
    modification follow.

                GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
       TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

      0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
    a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
    under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
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    language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
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    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
    covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
    running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
    is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
    Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
    Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

      1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
    source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
    conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
    copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
    notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
    and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
    along with the Program.

    You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
    you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

      2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
    of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
    distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
    above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

        a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
        stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

        b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
        whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
        part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
        parties under the terms of this License.

        c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
        when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
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        announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
        notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
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    These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
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    this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
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    Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
    your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
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    In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
    with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
    a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
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      3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
    under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
    Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:

        a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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      4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
    except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
    otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
    void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
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      5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
    signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
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    Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
    all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
    the Program or works based on it.

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    Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
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      7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
    infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
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    license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
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    the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
    refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

    If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
    any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
    apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
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    It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
    patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
    such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
    integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
    implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
    generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
    through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
    system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
    to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
    impose that choice.

    This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
    be a consequence of the rest of this License.

      8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
    certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
    original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
    may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
    those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
    countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
    the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

      9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
    of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
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      10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
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                    NO WARRANTY

      11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
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    PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
    REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

      12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
    WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
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    YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
    PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

                 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

      If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
    possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
    free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

      To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
    to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
    convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
    the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

        <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
        Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>

        This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
        it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
        the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
        (at your option) any later version.

        This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
        but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
        MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
        GNU General Public License for more details.

        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
        along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
        Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA


    Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

    If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
    when it starts in an interactive mode:

        Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year  name of author
        Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
        This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
        under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

    The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
    parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
    be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
    mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.

    You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
    school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
    necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

      Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
      `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

      <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
      Ty Coon, President of Vice

    This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
    proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
    consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
    library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
    Public License instead of this License.




License for Scintilla and SciTE
===============================

Copyright 1998-2003 by Neil Hodgson <neilh(at)scintilla(dot)org>

All Rights Reserved

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
supporting documentation.

NEIL HODGSON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN
NO EVENT SHALL NEIL HODGSON BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.