Fix description of 'C-z' in User manual

[emacs.git] / src / marker.c

/* Markers: examining, setting and deleting.
   Copyright (C) 1985, 1997-1998, 2001-2016 Free Software Foundation,
   Inc.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */


#include <config.h>

#include "lisp.h"
#include "character.h"
#include "buffer.h"

/* Record one cached position found recently by
   buf_charpos_to_bytepos or buf_bytepos_to_charpos.  */

static ptrdiff_t cached_charpos;
static ptrdiff_t cached_bytepos;
static struct buffer *cached_buffer;
static EMACS_INT cached_modiff;

/* Juanma Barranquero <lekktu@gmail.com> reported ~3x increased
   bootstrap time when byte_char_debug_check is enabled; so this
   is never turned on by --enable-checking configure option.  */

#ifdef MARKER_DEBUG

extern int count_markers (struct buffer *) EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
extern ptrdiff_t verify_bytepos (ptrdiff_t charpos) EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;

static void
byte_char_debug_check (struct buffer *b, ptrdiff_t charpos, ptrdiff_t bytepos)
{
  ptrdiff_t nchars;

  if (NILP (BVAR (b, enable_multibyte_characters)))
    return;

  if (bytepos > BUF_GPT_BYTE (b))
    nchars
      = multibyte_chars_in_text (BUF_BEG_ADDR (b),
                                 BUF_GPT_BYTE (b) - BUF_BEG_BYTE (b))
      + multibyte_chars_in_text (BUF_GAP_END_ADDR (b),
                                 bytepos - BUF_GPT_BYTE (b));
  else
    nchars = multibyte_chars_in_text (BUF_BEG_ADDR (b),
                                      bytepos - BUF_BEG_BYTE (b));

  if (charpos - 1 != nchars)
    emacs_abort ();
}

#else /* not MARKER_DEBUG */

#define byte_char_debug_check(b, charpos, bytepos) do { } while (0)

#endif /* MARKER_DEBUG */

void
clear_charpos_cache (struct buffer *b)
{
  if (cached_buffer == b)
    cached_buffer = 0;
}
\f
/* Converting between character positions and byte positions.  */

/* There are several places in the buffer where we know
   the correspondence: BEG, BEGV, PT, GPT, ZV and Z,
   and everywhere there is a marker.  So we find the one of these places
   that is closest to the specified position, and scan from there.  */

/* This macro is a subroutine of buf_charpos_to_bytepos.
   Note that it is desirable that BYTEPOS is not evaluated
   except when we really want its value.  */

#define CONSIDER(CHARPOS, BYTEPOS)                                      \
{                                                                       \
  ptrdiff_t this_charpos = (CHARPOS);                                   \
  bool changed = 0;                                                     \
                                                                        \
  if (this_charpos == charpos)                                          \
    {                                                                   \
      ptrdiff_t value = (BYTEPOS);                                      \
                                                                        \
      byte_char_debug_check (b, charpos, value);                        \
      return value;                                                     \
    }                                                                   \
  else if (this_charpos > charpos)                                      \
    {                                                                   \
      if (this_charpos < best_above)                                    \
        {                                                               \
          best_above = this_charpos;                                    \
          best_above_byte = (BYTEPOS);                                  \
          changed = 1;                                                  \
        }                                                               \
    }                                                                   \
  else if (this_charpos > best_below)                                   \
    {                                                                   \
      best_below = this_charpos;                                        \
      best_below_byte = (BYTEPOS);                                      \
      changed = 1;                                                      \
    }                                                                   \
                                                                        \
  if (changed)                                                          \
    {                                                                   \
      if (best_above - best_below == best_above_byte - best_below_byte) \
        {                                                               \
          ptrdiff_t value = best_below_byte + (charpos - best_below);   \
                                                                        \
          byte_char_debug_check (b, charpos, value);                    \
          return value;                                                 \
        }                                                               \
    }                                                                   \
}

static void
CHECK_MARKER (Lisp_Object x)
{
  CHECK_TYPE (MARKERP (x), Qmarkerp, x);
}

/* Return the byte position corresponding to CHARPOS in B.  */

ptrdiff_t
buf_charpos_to_bytepos (struct buffer *b, ptrdiff_t charpos)
{
  struct Lisp_Marker *tail;
  ptrdiff_t best_above, best_above_byte;
  ptrdiff_t best_below, best_below_byte;

  eassert (BUF_BEG (b) <= charpos && charpos <= BUF_Z (b));

  best_above = BUF_Z (b);
  best_above_byte = BUF_Z_BYTE (b);

  /* If this buffer has as many characters as bytes,
     each character must be one byte.
     This takes care of the case where enable-multibyte-characters is nil.  */
  if (best_above == best_above_byte)
    return charpos;

  best_below = BEG;
  best_below_byte = BEG_BYTE;

  /* We find in best_above and best_above_byte
     the closest known point above CHARPOS,
     and in best_below and best_below_byte
     the closest known point below CHARPOS,

     If at any point we can tell that the space between those
     two best approximations is all single-byte,
     we interpolate the result immediately.  */

  CONSIDER (BUF_PT (b), BUF_PT_BYTE (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_GPT (b), BUF_GPT_BYTE (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_BEGV (b), BUF_BEGV_BYTE (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_ZV (b), BUF_ZV_BYTE (b));

  if (b == cached_buffer && BUF_MODIFF (b) == cached_modiff)
    CONSIDER (cached_charpos, cached_bytepos);

  for (tail = BUF_MARKERS (b); tail; tail = tail->next)
    {
      CONSIDER (tail->charpos, tail->bytepos);

      /* If we are down to a range of 50 chars,
         don't bother checking any other markers;
         scan the intervening chars directly now.  */
      if (best_above - best_below < 50)
        break;
    }

  /* We get here if we did not exactly hit one of the known places.
     We have one known above and one known below.
     Scan, counting characters, from whichever one is closer.  */

  if (charpos - best_below < best_above - charpos)
    {
      bool record = charpos - best_below > 5000;

      while (best_below != charpos)
        {
          best_below++;
          BUF_INC_POS (b, best_below_byte);
        }

      /* If this position is quite far from the nearest known position,
         cache the correspondence by creating a marker here.
         It will last until the next GC.  */
      if (record)
        build_marker (b, best_below, best_below_byte);

      byte_char_debug_check (b, best_below, best_below_byte);

      cached_buffer = b;
      cached_modiff = BUF_MODIFF (b);
      cached_charpos = best_below;
      cached_bytepos = best_below_byte;

      return best_below_byte;
    }
  else
    {
      bool record = best_above - charpos > 5000;

      while (best_above != charpos)
        {
          best_above--;
          BUF_DEC_POS (b, best_above_byte);
        }

      /* If this position is quite far from the nearest known position,
         cache the correspondence by creating a marker here.
         It will last until the next GC.  */
      if (record)
        build_marker (b, best_above, best_above_byte);

      byte_char_debug_check (b, best_above, best_above_byte);

      cached_buffer = b;
      cached_modiff = BUF_MODIFF (b);
      cached_charpos = best_above;
      cached_bytepos = best_above_byte;

      return best_above_byte;
    }
}

#undef CONSIDER

/* This macro is a subroutine of buf_bytepos_to_charpos.
   It is used when BYTEPOS is actually the byte position.  */

#define CONSIDER(BYTEPOS, CHARPOS)                                      \
{                                                                       \
  ptrdiff_t this_bytepos = (BYTEPOS);                                   \
  int changed = 0;                                                      \
                                                                        \
  if (this_bytepos == bytepos)                                          \
    {                                                                   \
      ptrdiff_t value = (CHARPOS);                                      \
                                                                        \
      byte_char_debug_check (b, value, bytepos);                        \
      return value;                                                     \
    }                                                                   \
  else if (this_bytepos > bytepos)                                      \
    {                                                                   \
      if (this_bytepos < best_above_byte)                               \
        {                                                               \
          best_above = (CHARPOS);                                       \
          best_above_byte = this_bytepos;                               \
          changed = 1;                                                  \
        }                                                               \
    }                                                                   \
  else if (this_bytepos > best_below_byte)                              \
    {                                                                   \
      best_below = (CHARPOS);                                           \
      best_below_byte = this_bytepos;                                   \
      changed = 1;                                                      \
    }                                                                   \
                                                                        \
  if (changed)                                                          \
    {                                                                   \
      if (best_above - best_below == best_above_byte - best_below_byte) \
        {                                                               \
          ptrdiff_t value = best_below + (bytepos - best_below_byte);   \
                                                                        \
          byte_char_debug_check (b, value, bytepos);                    \
          return value;                                                 \
        }                                                               \
    }                                                                   \
}

/* Return the character position corresponding to BYTEPOS in B.  */

ptrdiff_t
buf_bytepos_to_charpos (struct buffer *b, ptrdiff_t bytepos)
{
  struct Lisp_Marker *tail;
  ptrdiff_t best_above, best_above_byte;
  ptrdiff_t best_below, best_below_byte;

  eassert (BUF_BEG_BYTE (b) <= bytepos && bytepos <= BUF_Z_BYTE (b));

  best_above = BUF_Z (b);
  best_above_byte = BUF_Z_BYTE (b);

  /* If this buffer has as many characters as bytes,
     each character must be one byte.
     This takes care of the case where enable-multibyte-characters is nil.  */
  if (best_above == best_above_byte)
    return bytepos;

  best_below = BEG;
  best_below_byte = BEG_BYTE;

  CONSIDER (BUF_PT_BYTE (b), BUF_PT (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_GPT_BYTE (b), BUF_GPT (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_BEGV_BYTE (b), BUF_BEGV (b));
  CONSIDER (BUF_ZV_BYTE (b), BUF_ZV (b));

  if (b == cached_buffer && BUF_MODIFF (b) == cached_modiff)
    CONSIDER (cached_bytepos, cached_charpos);

  for (tail = BUF_MARKERS (b); tail; tail = tail->next)
    {
      CONSIDER (tail->bytepos, tail->charpos);

      /* If we are down to a range of 50 chars,
         don't bother checking any other markers;
         scan the intervening chars directly now.  */
      if (best_above - best_below < 50)
        break;
    }

  /* We get here if we did not exactly hit one of the known places.
     We have one known above and one known below.
     Scan, counting characters, from whichever one is closer.  */

  if (bytepos - best_below_byte < best_above_byte - bytepos)
    {
      bool record = bytepos - best_below_byte > 5000;

      while (best_below_byte < bytepos)
        {
          best_below++;
          BUF_INC_POS (b, best_below_byte);
        }

      /* If this position is quite far from the nearest known position,
         cache the correspondence by creating a marker here.
         It will last until the next GC.
         But don't do it if BUF_MARKERS is nil;
         that is a signal from Fset_buffer_multibyte.  */
      if (record && BUF_MARKERS (b))
        build_marker (b, best_below, best_below_byte);

      byte_char_debug_check (b, best_below, best_below_byte);

      cached_buffer = b;
      cached_modiff = BUF_MODIFF (b);
      cached_charpos = best_below;
      cached_bytepos = best_below_byte;

      return best_below;
    }
  else
    {
      bool record = best_above_byte - bytepos > 5000;

      while (best_above_byte > bytepos)
        {
          best_above--;
          BUF_DEC_POS (b, best_above_byte);
        }

      /* If this position is quite far from the nearest known position,
         cache the correspondence by creating a marker here.
         It will last until the next GC.
         But don't do it if BUF_MARKERS is nil;
         that is a signal from Fset_buffer_multibyte.  */
      if (record && BUF_MARKERS (b))
        build_marker (b, best_above, best_above_byte);

      byte_char_debug_check (b, best_above, best_above_byte);

      cached_buffer = b;
      cached_modiff = BUF_MODIFF (b);
      cached_charpos = best_above;
      cached_bytepos = best_above_byte;

      return best_above;
    }
}

#undef CONSIDER
\f
/* Operations on markers. */

DEFUN ("marker-buffer", Fmarker_buffer, Smarker_buffer, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the buffer that MARKER points into, or nil if none.
Returns nil if MARKER points into a dead buffer.  */)
  (register Lisp_Object marker)
{
  register Lisp_Object buf;
  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  if (XMARKER (marker)->buffer)
    {
      XSETBUFFER (buf, XMARKER (marker)->buffer);
      /* If the buffer is dead, we're in trouble: the buffer pointer here
         does not preserve the buffer from being GC'd (it's weak), so
         markers have to be unlinked from their buffer as soon as the buffer
         is killed.  */
      eassert (BUFFER_LIVE_P (XBUFFER (buf)));
      return buf;
    }
  return Qnil;
}

DEFUN ("marker-position", Fmarker_position, Smarker_position, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return the position of MARKER, or nil if it points nowhere.  */)
  (Lisp_Object marker)
{
  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  if (XMARKER (marker)->buffer)
    return make_number (XMARKER (marker)->charpos);

  return Qnil;
}

/* Change M so it points to B at CHARPOS and BYTEPOS.  */

static void
attach_marker (struct Lisp_Marker *m, struct buffer *b,
               ptrdiff_t charpos, ptrdiff_t bytepos)
{
  /* In a single-byte buffer, two positions must be equal.
     Otherwise, every character is at least one byte.  */
  if (BUF_Z (b) == BUF_Z_BYTE (b))
    eassert (charpos == bytepos);
  else
    eassert (charpos <= bytepos);

  m->charpos = charpos;
  m->bytepos = bytepos;

  if (m->buffer != b)
    {
      unchain_marker (m);
      m->buffer = b;
      m->next = BUF_MARKERS (b);
      BUF_MARKERS (b) = m;
    }
}

/* If BUFFER is nil, return current buffer pointer.  Next, check
   whether BUFFER is a buffer object and return buffer pointer
   corresponding to BUFFER if BUFFER is live, or NULL otherwise.  */

static struct buffer *
live_buffer (Lisp_Object buffer)
{
  struct buffer *b = decode_buffer (buffer);
  return BUFFER_LIVE_P (b) ? b : NULL;
}

/* Internal function to set MARKER in BUFFER at POSITION.  Non-zero
   RESTRICTED means limit the POSITION by the visible part of BUFFER.  */

static Lisp_Object
set_marker_internal (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object position,
                     Lisp_Object buffer, bool restricted)
{
  struct Lisp_Marker *m;
  struct buffer *b = live_buffer (buffer);

  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  m = XMARKER (marker);

  /* Set MARKER to point nowhere if BUFFER is dead, or
     POSITION is nil or a marker points to nowhere.  */
  if (NILP (position)
      || (MARKERP (position) && !XMARKER (position)->buffer)
      || !b)
    unchain_marker (m);

  /* Optimize the special case where we are copying the position of
     an existing marker, and MARKER is already in the same buffer.  */
  else if (MARKERP (position) && b == XMARKER (position)->buffer
           && b == m->buffer)
    {
      m->bytepos = XMARKER (position)->bytepos;
      m->charpos = XMARKER (position)->charpos;
    }

  else
    {
      register ptrdiff_t charpos, bytepos;

      /* Do not use CHECK_NUMBER_COERCE_MARKER because we
         don't want to call buf_charpos_to_bytepos if POSITION
         is a marker and so we know the bytepos already.  */
      if (INTEGERP (position))
        charpos = XINT (position), bytepos = -1;
      else if (MARKERP (position))
        {
          charpos = XMARKER (position)->charpos;
          bytepos = XMARKER (position)->bytepos;
        }
      else
        wrong_type_argument (Qinteger_or_marker_p, position);

      charpos = clip_to_bounds
        (restricted ? BUF_BEGV (b) : BUF_BEG (b), charpos,
         restricted ? BUF_ZV (b) : BUF_Z (b));
      if (bytepos == -1)
        bytepos = buf_charpos_to_bytepos (b, charpos);
      else
        bytepos = clip_to_bounds
          (restricted ? BUF_BEGV_BYTE (b) : BUF_BEG_BYTE (b),
           bytepos, restricted ? BUF_ZV_BYTE (b) : BUF_Z_BYTE (b));

      attach_marker (m, b, charpos, bytepos);
    }
  return marker;
}

DEFUN ("set-marker", Fset_marker, Sset_marker, 2, 3, 0,
       doc: /* Position MARKER before character number POSITION in BUFFER.
If BUFFER is omitted or nil, it defaults to the current buffer.  If
POSITION is nil, makes marker point nowhere so it no longer slows down
editing in any buffer.  Returns MARKER.  */)
  (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object position, Lisp_Object buffer)
{
  return set_marker_internal (marker, position, buffer, 0);
}

/* Like the above, but won't let the position be outside the visible part.  */

Lisp_Object
set_marker_restricted (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object position,
                       Lisp_Object buffer)
{
  return set_marker_internal (marker, position, buffer, 1);
}

/* Set the position of MARKER, specifying both the
   character position and the corresponding byte position.  */

Lisp_Object
set_marker_both (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object buffer,
                 ptrdiff_t charpos, ptrdiff_t bytepos)
{
  register struct Lisp_Marker *m;
  register struct buffer *b = live_buffer (buffer);

  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  m = XMARKER (marker);

  if (b)
    attach_marker (m, b, charpos, bytepos);
  else
    unchain_marker (m);
  return marker;
}

/* Like the above, but won't let the position be outside the visible part.  */

Lisp_Object
set_marker_restricted_both (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object buffer,
                            ptrdiff_t charpos, ptrdiff_t bytepos)
{
  register struct Lisp_Marker *m;
  register struct buffer *b = live_buffer (buffer);

  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  m = XMARKER (marker);

  if (b)
    {
      attach_marker
        (m, b,
         clip_to_bounds (BUF_BEGV (b), charpos, BUF_ZV (b)),
         clip_to_bounds (BUF_BEGV_BYTE (b), bytepos, BUF_ZV_BYTE (b)));
    }
  else
    unchain_marker (m);
  return marker;
}

/* Remove MARKER from the chain of whatever buffer it is in,
   leaving it points to nowhere.  This is called during garbage
   collection, so we must be careful to ignore and preserve
   mark bits, including those in chain fields of markers.  */

void
unchain_marker (register struct Lisp_Marker *marker)
{
  register struct buffer *b = marker->buffer;

  if (b)
    {
      register struct Lisp_Marker *tail, **prev;

      /* No dead buffers here.  */
      eassert (BUFFER_LIVE_P (b));

      marker->buffer = NULL;
      prev = &BUF_MARKERS (b);

      for (tail = BUF_MARKERS (b); tail; prev = &tail->next, tail = *prev)
        if (marker == tail)
          {
            if (*prev == BUF_MARKERS (b))
              {
                /* Deleting first marker from the buffer's chain.  Crash
                   if new first marker in chain does not say it belongs
                   to the same buffer, or at least that they have the same
                   base buffer.  */
                if (tail->next && b->text != tail->next->buffer->text)
                  emacs_abort ();
              }
            *prev = tail->next;
            /* We have removed the marker from the chain;
               no need to scan the rest of the chain.  */
            break;
          }

      /* Error if marker was not in it's chain.  */
      eassert (tail != NULL);
    }
}

/* Return the char position of marker MARKER, as a C integer.  */

ptrdiff_t
marker_position (Lisp_Object marker)
{
  register struct Lisp_Marker *m = XMARKER (marker);
  register struct buffer *buf = m->buffer;

  if (!buf)
    error ("Marker does not point anywhere");

  eassert (BUF_BEG (buf) <= m->charpos && m->charpos <= BUF_Z (buf));

  return m->charpos;
}

/* Return the byte position of marker MARKER, as a C integer.  */

ptrdiff_t
marker_byte_position (Lisp_Object marker)
{
  register struct Lisp_Marker *m = XMARKER (marker);
  register struct buffer *buf = m->buffer;

  if (!buf)
    error ("Marker does not point anywhere");

  eassert (BUF_BEG_BYTE (buf) <= m->bytepos && m->bytepos <= BUF_Z_BYTE (buf));

  return m->bytepos;
}
\f
DEFUN ("copy-marker", Fcopy_marker, Scopy_marker, 0, 2, 0,
       doc: /* Return a new marker pointing at the same place as MARKER.
If argument is a number, makes a new marker pointing
at that position in the current buffer.
If MARKER is not specified, the new marker does not point anywhere.
The optional argument TYPE specifies the insertion type of the new marker;
see `marker-insertion-type'.  */)
  (register Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object type)
{
  register Lisp_Object new;

  if (!NILP (marker))
  CHECK_TYPE (INTEGERP (marker) || MARKERP (marker), Qinteger_or_marker_p, marker);

  new = Fmake_marker ();
  Fset_marker (new, marker,
               (MARKERP (marker) ? Fmarker_buffer (marker) : Qnil));
  XMARKER (new)->insertion_type = !NILP (type);
  return new;
}

DEFUN ("marker-insertion-type", Fmarker_insertion_type,
       Smarker_insertion_type, 1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return insertion type of MARKER: t if it stays after inserted text.
The value nil means the marker stays before text inserted there.  */)
  (register Lisp_Object marker)
{
  CHECK_MARKER (marker);
  return XMARKER (marker)->insertion_type ? Qt : Qnil;
}

DEFUN ("set-marker-insertion-type", Fset_marker_insertion_type,
       Sset_marker_insertion_type, 2, 2, 0,
       doc: /* Set the insertion-type of MARKER to TYPE.
If TYPE is t, it means the marker advances when you insert text at it.
If TYPE is nil, it means the marker stays behind when you insert text at it.  */)
  (Lisp_Object marker, Lisp_Object type)
{
  CHECK_MARKER (marker);

  XMARKER (marker)->insertion_type = ! NILP (type);
  return type;
}

DEFUN ("buffer-has-markers-at", Fbuffer_has_markers_at, Sbuffer_has_markers_at,
       1, 1, 0,
       doc: /* Return t if there are markers pointing at POSITION in the current buffer.  */)
  (Lisp_Object position)
{
  register struct Lisp_Marker *tail;
  register ptrdiff_t charpos;

  charpos = clip_to_bounds (BEG, XINT (position), Z);

  for (tail = BUF_MARKERS (current_buffer); tail; tail = tail->next)
    if (tail->charpos == charpos)
      return Qt;

  return Qnil;
}

#ifdef MARKER_DEBUG

/* For debugging -- count the markers in buffer BUF.  */

int
count_markers (struct buffer *buf)
{
  int total = 0;
  struct Lisp_Marker *tail;

  for (tail = BUF_MARKERS (buf); tail; tail = tail->next)
    total++;

  return total;
}

/* For debugging -- recompute the bytepos corresponding
   to CHARPOS in the simplest, most reliable way.  */

ptrdiff_t
verify_bytepos (ptrdiff_t charpos)
{
  ptrdiff_t below = 1;
  ptrdiff_t below_byte = 1;

  while (below != charpos)
    {
      below++;
      BUF_INC_POS (current_buffer, below_byte);
    }

  return below_byte;
}

#endif /* MARKER_DEBUG */
\f
void
syms_of_marker (void)
{
  defsubr (&Smarker_position);
  defsubr (&Smarker_buffer);
  defsubr (&Sset_marker);
  defsubr (&Scopy_marker);
  defsubr (&Smarker_insertion_type);
  defsubr (&Sset_marker_insertion_type);
  defsubr (&Sbuffer_has_markers_at);
}