1 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
3 @setfilename ../info/pgg
9 This file describes PGG, an Emacs interface to various PGP implementations.
11 Copyright @copyright{} 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
12 Copyright @copyright{} 2001 Daiki Ueno.
15 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
16 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
17 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
18 Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
19 Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
20 Free Documentation License.''
26 * PGG: (pgg). Emacs interface to various PGP implementations.
29 @settitle PGG @value{VERSION}
38 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
45 This manual describes PGG. PGG is an interface library between Emacs
46 and various tools for secure communication. PGG also provides a simple
47 user interface to encrypt, decrypt, sign, and verify MIME messages.
50 * Overview:: What PGG is.
51 * Prerequisites:: Complicated stuff you may have to do.
52 * How to use:: Getting started quickly.
54 * Parsing OpenPGP packets::
62 PGG is an interface library between Emacs and various tools for secure
63 communication. Even though Mailcrypt has similar feature, it does not
64 deal with detached PGP messages, normally used in PGP/MIME
65 infrastructure. This was the main reason why I wrote the new library.
67 PGP/MIME is an application of MIME Object Security Services (RFC1848).
68 The standard is documented in RFC2015.
71 @chapter Prerequisites
73 PGG requires at least one implementation of privacy guard system.
74 This document assumes that you have already obtained and installed them
75 and that you are familiar with its basic functions.
77 By default, PGG uses GnuPG. If you are new to such a system, I
78 recommend that you should look over the GNU Privacy Handbook (GPH)
79 which is available at @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/}.
81 When using GnuPG, we recommend the use of the @code{gpg-agent}
82 program, which is distributed with versions 2.0 and later of GnuPG.
83 This is a daemon to manage private keys independently from any
84 protocol, and provides the most secure way to input and cache your
85 passphrases (@pxref{Caching passphrase}). By default, PGG will
86 attempt to use @code{gpg-agent} if it is running. @xref{Invoking
87 GPG-AGENT,,,gnupg,Using the GNU Privacy Guard}.
89 PGG also supports Pretty Good Privacy version 2 or version 5.
94 The toplevel interface of this library is quite simple, and only
95 intended to use with public-key cryptographic operation.
97 To use PGG, evaluate following expression at the beginning of your
104 If you want to check existence of pgg.el at runtime, instead you can
105 list autoload setting for desired functions as follows.
108 (autoload 'pgg-encrypt-region "pgg"
109 "Encrypt the current region." t)
110 (autoload 'pgg-encrypt-symmetric-region "pgg"
111 "Encrypt the current region with symmetric algorithm." t)
112 (autoload 'pgg-decrypt-region "pgg"
113 "Decrypt the current region." t)
114 (autoload 'pgg-sign-region "pgg"
115 "Sign the current region." t)
116 (autoload 'pgg-verify-region "pgg"
117 "Verify the current region." t)
118 (autoload 'pgg-insert-key "pgg"
119 "Insert the ASCII armored public key." t)
120 (autoload 'pgg-snarf-keys-region "pgg"
121 "Import public keys in the current region." t)
126 * Selecting an implementation::
127 * Caching passphrase::
128 * Default user identity::
132 @section User Commands
134 At this time you can use some cryptographic commands. The behavior of
135 these commands relies on a fashion of invocation because they are also
136 intended to be used as library functions. In case you don't have the
137 signer's public key, for example, the function @code{pgg-verify-region}
138 fails immediately, but if the function had been called interactively, it
139 would ask you to retrieve the signer's public key from the server.
141 @deffn Command pgg-encrypt-region start end recipients &optional sign passphrase
142 Encrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end} for
143 @var{recipients}. When the function were called interactively, you
144 would be asked about the recipients.
146 If encryption is successful, it replaces the current region contents (in
147 the accessible portion) with the resulting data.
149 If optional argument @var{sign} is non-@code{nil}, the function is
150 request to do a combined sign and encrypt. This currently is
151 confirmed to work with GnuPG, but might not work with PGP or PGP5.
153 If optional @var{passphrase} is @code{nil}, the passphrase will be
154 obtained from the passphrase cache or user.
157 @deffn Command pgg-encrypt-symmetric-region &optional start end passphrase
158 Encrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end} using a
159 symmetric cipher. After invocation you are asked for a passphrase.
161 If optional @var{passphrase} is @code{nil}, the passphrase will be
162 obtained from the passphrase cache or user.
164 symmetric-cipher encryption is currently only implemented for GnuPG.
167 @deffn Command pgg-decrypt-region start end &optional passphrase
168 Decrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end}. If
169 decryption is successful, it replaces the current region contents (in
170 the accessible portion) with the resulting data.
172 If optional @var{passphrase} is @code{nil}, the passphrase will be
173 obtained from the passphrase cache or user.
176 @deffn Command pgg-sign-region start end &optional cleartext passphrase
177 Make the signature from text between @var{start} and @var{end}. If the
178 optional third argument @var{cleartext} is non-@code{nil}, or the
179 function is called interactively, it does not create a detached
180 signature. In such a case, it replaces the current region contents (in
181 the accessible portion) with the resulting data.
183 If optional @var{passphrase} is @code{nil}, the passphrase will be
184 obtained from the passphrase cache or user.
187 @deffn Command pgg-verify-region start end &optional signature fetch
188 Verify the current region between @var{start} and @var{end}. If the
189 optional third argument @var{signature} is non-@code{nil}, it is treated
190 as the detached signature file of the current region.
192 If the optional 4th argument @var{fetch} is non-@code{nil}, or the
193 function is called interactively, we attempt to fetch the signer's
194 public key from the key server.
197 @deffn Command pgg-insert-key
198 Retrieve the user's public key and insert it as ASCII-armored format.
201 @deffn Command pgg-snarf-keys-region start end
202 Collect public keys in the current region between @var{start} and
203 @var{end}, and add them into the user's keyring.
206 @node Selecting an implementation
207 @section Selecting an implementation
209 Since PGP has a long history and there are a number of PGP
210 implementations available today, the function which each one has differs
211 considerably. For example, if you are using GnuPG, you know you can
212 select cipher algorithm from 3DES, CAST5, BLOWFISH, and so on, but on
213 the other hand the version 2 of PGP only supports IDEA.
215 Which implementation is used is controlled by the @code{pgg-scheme}
216 variable. If it is @code{nil} (the default), the value of the
217 @code{pgg-default-scheme} variable will be used instead.
220 Force specify the scheme of PGP implementation. The value can be set to
221 @code{gpg}, @code{pgp}, and @code{pgp5}. The default is @code{nil}.
224 @defvar pgg-default-scheme
225 The default scheme of PGP implementation. The value should be one of
226 @code{gpg}, @code{pgp}, and @code{pgp5}. The default is @code{gpg}.
229 @node Caching passphrase
230 @section Caching passphrase
232 PGG provides a simple passphrase caching mechanism. If you want to
233 arrange the interaction, set the variable @code{pgg-read-passphrase}.
235 @defvar pgg-cache-passphrase
236 If non-@code{nil}, store passphrases. The default value of this
237 variable is @code{t}. If you are worried about security issues,
238 however, you could stop the caching of passphrases by setting this
239 variable to @code{nil}.
242 @defvar pgg-passphrase-cache-expiry
243 Elapsed time for expiration in seconds.
246 @defvar pgg-gpg-use-agent
247 When using GnuPG (gpg) as PGP scheme you can use @code{gpg-agent} for
248 caching@footnote{Actually @code{gpg-agent} does not cache passphrases
249 but private keys. On the other hand, from a users point of view this
250 technical difference isn't visible.}. It defaults to @code{t}.
251 Setting this to @code{nil} is not recommended.
254 @node Default user identity
255 @section Default user identity
257 The PGP implementation is usually able to select the proper key to use
258 for signing and decryption, but if you have more than one key, you may
259 need to specify the key id to use.
261 @defvar pgg-default-user-id
262 User ID of your default identity. It defaults to the value returned
263 by @samp{(user-login-name)}. You can customize this variable.
266 @defvar pgg-gpg-user-id
267 User ID of the GnuPG default identity. It defaults to @samp{nil}.
268 This overrides @samp{pgg-default-user-id}. You can customize this
272 @defvar pgg-pgp-user-id
273 User ID of the PGP 2.x/6.x default identity. It defaults to
274 @samp{nil}. This overrides @samp{pgg-default-user-id}. You can
275 customize this variable.
278 @defvar pgg-pgp5-user-id
279 User ID of the PGP 5.x default identity. It defaults to @samp{nil}.
280 This overrides @samp{pgg-default-user-id}. You can customize this
285 @chapter Architecture
287 PGG introduces the notion of a "scheme of PGP implementation" (used
288 interchangeably with "scheme" in this document). This term refers to a
289 singleton object wrapped with the luna object system.
291 Since PGG was designed for accessing and developing PGP functionality,
292 the architecture had to be designed not just for interoperability but
293 also for extensiblity. In this chapter we explore the architecture
294 while finding out how to write the PGG backend.
303 @section Initializing
305 A scheme must be initialized before it is used.
306 It had better guarantee to keep only one instance of a scheme.
308 The following code is snipped out of @file{pgg-gpg.el}. Once an
309 instance of @code{pgg-gpg} scheme is initialized, it's stored to the
310 variable @code{pgg-scheme-gpg-instance} and will be reused from now on.
313 (defvar pgg-scheme-gpg-instance nil)
315 (defun pgg-make-scheme-gpg ()
316 (or pgg-scheme-gpg-instance
317 (setq pgg-scheme-gpg-instance
318 (luna-make-entity 'pgg-scheme-gpg))))
321 The name of the function must follow the
322 regulation---@code{pgg-make-scheme-} follows the backend name.
324 @node Backend methods
325 @section Backend methods
327 In each backend, these methods must be present. The output of these
328 methods is stored in special buffers (@ref{Getting output}), so that
329 these methods must tell the status of the execution.
331 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-lookup-key scheme string &optional type
332 Return keys associated with @var{string}. If the optional third
333 argument @var{type} is non-@code{nil}, it searches from the secret
337 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-encrypt-region scheme start end recipients &optional sign passphrase
338 Encrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end} for
339 @var{recipients}. If @var{sign} is non-@code{nil}, do a combined sign
340 and encrypt. If encryption is successful, it returns @code{t},
341 otherwise @code{nil}.
344 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-encrypt-symmetric-region scheme start end &optional passphrase
345 Encrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end} using a
346 symmetric cipher and a passphrases. If encryption is successful, it
347 returns @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}. This function is currently only
348 implemented for GnuPG.
351 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-decrypt-region scheme start end &optional passphrase
352 Decrypt the current region between @var{start} and @var{end}. If
353 decryption is successful, it returns @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}.
356 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-sign-region scheme start end &optional cleartext passphrase
357 Make the signature from text between @var{start} and @var{end}. If the
358 optional third argument @var{cleartext} is non-@code{nil}, it does not
359 create a detached signature. If signing is successful, it returns
360 @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}.
363 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-verify-region scheme start end &optional signature
364 Verify the current region between @var{start} and @var{end}. If the
365 optional third argument @var{signature} is non-@code{nil}, it is treated
366 as the detached signature of the current region. If the signature is
367 successfully verified, it returns @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}.
370 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-insert-key scheme
371 Retrieve the user's public key and insert it as ASCII-armored format.
372 On success, it returns @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}.
375 @deffn Method pgg-scheme-snarf-keys-region scheme start end
376 Collect public keys in the current region between @var{start} and
377 @var{end}, and add them into the user's keyring.
378 On success, it returns @code{t}, otherwise @code{nil}.
382 @section Getting output
384 The output of the backend methods (@ref{Backend methods}) is stored in
385 special buffers, so that these methods must tell the status of the
388 @defvar pgg-errors-buffer
389 The standard error output of the execution of the PGP command is stored
393 @defvar pgg-output-buffer
394 The standard output of the execution of the PGP command is stored here.
397 @defvar pgg-status-buffer
398 The rest of status information of the execution of the PGP command is
402 @node Parsing OpenPGP packets
403 @chapter Parsing OpenPGP packets
405 The format of OpenPGP messages is maintained in order to publish all
406 necessary information needed to develop interoperable applications.
407 The standard is documented in RFC 2440.
409 PGG has its own parser for the OpenPGP packets.
411 @defun pgg-parse-armor string
412 List the sequence of packets in @var{string}.
415 @defun pgg-parse-armor-region start end
416 List the sequence of packets in the current region between @var{start}
420 @defvar pgg-ignore-packet-checksum
421 If non-@code{nil}, don't check the checksum of the packets.
425 @chapter Function Index
429 @chapter Variable Index
439 arch-tag: 0c205838-34b9-41a5-b9d7-49ae57ccac85