1 Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 See end for license conditions.
7 Emacs is a collaborative project and we encourage contributions from
8 anyone and everyone. If you want to contribute in the way that will
9 help us most, we recommend (1) fixing reported bugs and (2)
10 implementing the feature ideas in etc/TODO. However, if you think of
11 new features to add, please suggest them too -- we might like your
12 idea. Porting to new platforms is also useful, when there is a new
13 platform, but that is not common nowadays.
15 For documentation on how to develop Emacs changes, refer to the Emacs
16 Manual and the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual (both included in the Emacs
17 distribution). The web pages in http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs
18 contain additional information.
20 You may also want to submit your change so that can be considered for
21 inclusion in a future version of Emacs (see below).
23 If you don't feel up to hacking Emacs, there are many other ways to
24 help. You can answer questions on the mailing lists, write
25 documentation, find and report bugs, contribute to the Emacs web
26 pages, or develop a package that works with Emacs.
28 Here are some style and legal conventions for contributors to Emacs:
33 Contributed code should follow the GNU Coding Standard.
35 If it doesn't, we'll need to find someone to fix the code before we
38 Emacs has certain additional style and coding conventions.
40 Ref: http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/
41 Ref: GNU Coding Standards Info Manual
42 Ref: The "Tips" Appendix in the Emacs Lisp Reference.
45 * Copyright Assignment
47 We can accept small changes without legal papers, and for medium-size
48 changes a copyright disclaimer is ok too. To accept substantial
49 contributions from you, we need a copyright assignment form filled out
50 and filed with the FSF.
52 Contact us at emacs-devel@gnu.org to obtain the relevant forms.
55 * Getting the Source Code
57 The latest version of Emacs can be downloaded using CVS (or other
58 version control systems) from the Savannah web site. It is important
59 to write your patch based on this version; if you start from an older
60 version, your patch may be outdated when you write it, and maintainers
61 will have a hard time applying it.
63 After you have downloaded the CVS source, you should read the file
64 INSTALL.CVS for build instructions (they differ to some extent from a
67 Ref: http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs
72 Every patch must have several pieces of information before we
73 can properly evaluate it.
75 When you have all these pieces, bundle them up in a mail message and
76 send it to emacs-pretest-bug@gnu.org or emacs-devel@gnu.org.
78 All subsequent discussion should also be sent to the mailing list.
82 For bug fixes, a description of the bug and how your patch fixes this
85 For new features, a description of the feature and your implementation.
89 A ChangeLog entry as plaintext (separate from the patch).
91 See the various ChangeLog files for format and content. Note that,
92 unlike some other projects, we do require ChangeLogs also for
93 documentation, i.e. Texinfo files.
95 Ref: "Change Log Concepts" node of the GNU Coding Standards Info
96 Manual, for how to write good log entries.
100 Please use "Context Diff" format.
102 If you are accessing the CVS repository use
103 cvs update; cvs diff -cp
107 If your version of diff does not support these options, then get the
108 latest version of GNU Diff.
112 We prefer to get the patches as inline plain text.
114 Please be aware of line wrapping which will make the patch unreadable
115 and useless for us. To avoid that, you can use MIME attachments or,
116 as a last resort, uuencoded gzipped text.
118 ** Please reread your patch before submitting it.
120 ** Do not mix changes.
122 If you send several unrelated changes together, we will ask you to
123 separate them so we can consider each of the changes by itself.
126 * Coding style and conventions.
128 ** Mandatory reading:
130 The "Tips and Conventions" Appendix of the Emacs Lisp Reference.
132 ** Avoid using `defadvice' or `eval-after-load' for Lisp code to be
135 ** Remove all trailing whitespace in all source and text files.
137 ** Use ?\s instead of ? in Lisp code for a space character.
140 * Supplemental information for Emacs Developers.
142 ** Write access to Emacs' CVS repository.
144 Once you become a frequent contributor to Emacs, we can consider
145 giving you write access to the CVS repository.
148 ** Emacs Mailing lists.
150 Discussion about Emacs development takes place on emacs-devel@gnu.org.
152 Bug reports for released versions are sent to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
154 Bug reports for development versions are sent to emacs-pretest-bug@gnu.org.
156 You can subscribe to the mailing lists at savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs.
158 You can find the mailing lists archives at lists.gnu.org or gmane.org.
161 ** Document your changes.
163 Think carefully about whether your change requires updating the
164 documentation. If it does, you can either do this yourself or add an
165 item to the NEWS file.
167 If you document your change in NEWS, please mark the NEWS entry with
168 the documentation status of the change: if you submit the changes for
169 the manuals, mark it with "+++"; if it doesn't need to be documented,
170 mark it with "---"; if it needs to be documented, but you didn't
171 submit documentation changes, leave the NEWS entry unmarked. (These
172 marks are checked by the Emacs maintainers to make sure every change
173 was reflected in the manuals.)
176 ** Understanding Emacs Internals.
178 The best way to understand Emacs Internals is to read the code,
179 but the nodes "Tips" and "GNU Emacs Internals" in the Appendix
180 of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual may also help.
182 The file etc/DEBUG describes how to debug Emacs bugs.
186 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
188 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
189 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
190 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
191 (at your option) any later version.
193 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
194 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
195 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
196 GNU General Public License for more details.
198 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
199 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
203 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"