1 Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
2 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 See end for license conditions.
8 Emacs is a collaborative project and we encourage contributions from
9 anyone and everyone. If you want to contribute in the way that will
10 help us most, we recommend (1) fixing reported bugs and (2)
11 implementing the feature ideas in etc/TODO. However, if you think of
12 new features to add, please suggest them too -- we might like your
13 idea. Porting to new platforms is also useful, when there is a new
14 platform, but that is not common nowadays.
16 For documentation on how to develop Emacs changes, refer to the Emacs
17 Manual and the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual (both included in the Emacs
18 distribution). The web pages in http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs
19 contain additional information.
21 You may also want to submit your change so that can be considered for
22 inclusion in a future version of Emacs (see below).
24 If you don't feel up to hacking Emacs, there are many other ways to
25 help. You can answer questions on the mailing lists, write
26 documentation, find and report bugs, contribute to the Emacs web
27 pages, or develop a package that works with Emacs.
29 Here are some style and legal conventions for contributors to Emacs:
34 Contributed code should follow the GNU Coding Standards.
36 If it doesn't, we'll need to find someone to fix the code before we
39 Emacs has certain additional style and coding conventions.
41 Ref: http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/
42 Ref: GNU Coding Standards Info Manual
43 Ref: The "Tips" Appendix in the Emacs Lisp Reference.
46 * Copyright Assignment
48 We can accept small changes (roughly, fewer than 15 lines) without
49 legal papers. Anything more substantial requires a copyright
50 disclaimer or assignment (the latter is preferred, especially for
51 larger changes). Both of these involved filling out a short form and
52 filing it with the FSF. The process is straightforward -- contact us
53 at emacs-devel@gnu.org to obtain the relevant forms.
56 * Getting the Source Code
58 The latest version of Emacs can be downloaded using Bazaar from the
59 Savannah web site. It is important to write your patch based on the
60 latest version. If you start from an older version, your patch may be
61 outdated (so that maintainers will have a hard time applying it), or
62 changes in Emacs may have made your patch unnecessary.
64 After you have downloaded the Bazaar source, you should read the file
65 INSTALL.BZR for build instructions (they differ to some extent from a
68 Ref: http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs
73 Every patch must have several pieces of information before we
74 can properly evaluate it.
76 When you have all these pieces, bundle them up in a mail message and
77 send it to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org or emacs-devel@gnu.org.
79 All subsequent discussion should be sent to the same mailing list.
83 For bug fixes, a description of the bug and how your patch fixes this
86 For new features, a description of the feature and your implementation.
90 A ChangeLog entry as plaintext (separate from the patch).
92 See the various ChangeLog files for format and content. Note that,
93 unlike some other projects, we do require ChangeLogs also for
94 documentation, i.e. Texinfo files.
96 Ref: "Change Log Concepts" node of the GNU Coding Standards Info
97 Manual, for how to write good log entries.
101 Please use "Context Diff" format.
103 If you are accessing the Bazaar repository, make sure your copy is
104 up-to-date (e.g. with `bzr pull'), then use
105 bzr diff --no-aliases --diff-options=-cp
109 If your version of diff does not support these options, then get the
110 latest version of GNU Diff.
114 We prefer to get the patches as inline plain text.
116 Please be aware of line wrapping which will make the patch unreadable
117 and useless for us. To avoid that, you can use MIME attachments or,
118 as a last resort, uuencoded gzipped text.
120 ** Please reread your patch before submitting it.
122 ** Do not mix changes.
124 If you send several unrelated changes together, we will ask you to
125 separate them so we can consider each of the changes by itself.
127 ** Do not make formatting changes.
129 Making cosmetic formatting changes (indentation, etc) makes it harder
130 to see what you have really changed.
133 * Coding style and conventions.
135 ** Mandatory reading:
137 The "Tips and Conventions" Appendix of the Emacs Lisp Reference.
139 ** Avoid using `defadvice' or `eval-after-load' for Lisp code to be
142 ** Remove all trailing whitespace in all source and text files.
144 ** Use ?\s instead of ? in Lisp code for a space character.
147 * Supplemental information for Emacs Developers.
149 ** Write access to the Emacs repository.
151 Once you become a frequent contributor to Emacs, we can consider
152 giving you write access to the Bazaar repository.
155 ** Emacs Mailing lists.
157 Discussion about Emacs development takes place on emacs-devel@gnu.org.
159 Bug reports and feature requests are sent to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
161 You can subscribe to the mailing lists at savannah.gnu.org/projects/emacs.
163 You can find the mailing lists archives at lists.gnu.org or gmane.org.
166 ** Document your changes.
168 Think carefully about whether your change requires updating the
169 documentation. If it does, you can either do this yourself or add an
170 item to the NEWS file.
172 If you document your change in NEWS, please mark the NEWS entry with
173 the documentation status of the change: if you submit the changes for
174 the manuals, mark it with "+++"; if it doesn't need to be documented,
175 mark it with "---"; if it needs to be documented, but you didn't
176 submit documentation changes, leave the NEWS entry unmarked. (These
177 marks are checked by the Emacs maintainers to make sure every change
178 was reflected in the manuals.)
181 ** Understanding Emacs Internals.
183 The best way to understand Emacs Internals is to read the code,
184 but the nodes "Tips" and "GNU Emacs Internals" in the Appendix
185 of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual may also help.
187 The file etc/DEBUG describes how to debug Emacs bugs.
191 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
193 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
194 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
195 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
196 (at your option) any later version.
198 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
199 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
200 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
201 GNU General Public License for more details.
203 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
204 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
208 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"