lisp/help-fns.el

   1 ;;; help-fns.el --- Complex help functions
   2
   3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 93, 94, 98, 1999, 2000, 01, 02, 03, 2004
   4 ;;   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6 ;; Maintainer: FSF
   7 ;; Keywords: help, internal
   8
   9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
  10
  11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
  14 ;; any later version.
  15
  16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
  20
  21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  22 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
  23 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  24 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  25
  26 ;;; Commentary:
  27
  28 ;; This file contains those help commands which are complicated, and
  29 ;; which may not be used in every session.  For example
  30 ;; `describe-function' will probably be heavily used when doing elisp
  31 ;; programming, but not if just editing C files.  Simpler help commands
  32 ;; are in help.el
  33
  34 ;;; Code:
  35
  36 (require 'help-mode)
  37
  38
  39 ;;;###autoload
  40 (defun help-with-tutorial (&optional arg)
  41   "Select the Emacs learn-by-doing tutorial.
  42 If there is a tutorial version written in the language
  43 of the selected language environment, that version is used.
  44 If there's no tutorial in that language, `TUTORIAL' is selected.
  45 With ARG, you are asked to choose which language."
  46   (interactive "P")
  47   (let ((lang (if arg
  48                   (let ((minibuffer-setup-hook minibuffer-setup-hook))
  49                     (add-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook
  50                               'minibuffer-completion-help)
  51                     (read-language-name 'tutorial "Language: " "English"))
  52                 (if (get-language-info current-language-environment 'tutorial)
  53                     current-language-environment
  54                   "English")))
  55         file filename)
  56     (setq filename (get-language-info lang 'tutorial))
  57     (setq file (expand-file-name (concat "~/" filename)))
  58     (delete-other-windows)
  59     (if (get-file-buffer file)
  60         (switch-to-buffer (get-file-buffer file))
  61       (switch-to-buffer (create-file-buffer file))
  62       (setq buffer-file-name file)
  63       (setq default-directory (expand-file-name "~/"))
  64       (setq buffer-auto-save-file-name nil)
  65       (insert-file-contents (expand-file-name filename data-directory))
  66       (hack-local-variables)
  67       (goto-char (point-min))
  68       (search-forward "\n<<")
  69       (beginning-of-line)
  70       ;; Convert the <<...>> line to the proper [...] line,
  71       ;; or just delete the <<...>> line if a [...] line follows.
  72       (cond ((save-excursion
  73                (forward-line 1)
  74                (looking-at "\\["))
  75              (delete-region (point) (progn (forward-line 1) (point))))
  76             ((looking-at "<<Blank lines inserted.*>>")
  77              (replace-match "[Middle of page left blank for didactic purposes.   Text continues below]"))
  78             (t
  79              (looking-at "<<")
  80              (replace-match "[")
  81              (search-forward ">>")
  82              (replace-match "]")))
  83       (beginning-of-line)
  84       (let ((n (- (window-height (selected-window))
  85                   (count-lines (point-min) (point))
  86                   6)))
  87         (if (< n 8)
  88             (progn
  89               ;; For a short gap, we don't need the [...] line,
  90               ;; so delete it.
  91               (delete-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point)))
  92               (newline n))
  93           ;; Some people get confused by the large gap.
  94           (newline (/ n 2))
  95
  96           ;; Skip the [...] line (don't delete it).
  97           (forward-line 1)
  98           (newline (- n (/ n 2)))))
  99       (goto-char (point-min))
 100       (setq buffer-undo-list nil)
 101       (set-buffer-modified-p nil))))
 102
 103 ;;;###autoload
 104 (defun locate-library (library &optional nosuffix path interactive-call)
 105   "Show the precise file name of Emacs library LIBRARY.
 106 This command searches the directories in `load-path' like `\\[load-library]'
 107 to find the file that `\\[load-library] RET LIBRARY RET' would load.
 108 Optional second arg NOSUFFIX non-nil means don't add suffixes `load-suffixes'
 109 to the specified name LIBRARY.
 110
 111 If the optional third arg PATH is specified, that list of directories
 112 is used instead of `load-path'.
 113
 114 When called from a program, the file name is normaly returned as a
 115 string.  When run interactively, the argument INTERACTIVE-CALL is t,
 116 and the file name is displayed in the echo area."
 117   (interactive (list (completing-read "Locate library: "
 118                                       'locate-file-completion
 119                                       (cons load-path load-suffixes))
 120                      nil nil
 121                      t))
 122   (let ((file (locate-file library
 123                            (or path load-path)
 124                            (append (unless nosuffix load-suffixes) '("")))))
 125     (if interactive-call
 126         (if file
 127             (message "Library is file %s" (abbreviate-file-name file))
 128           (message "No library %s in search path" library)))
 129     file))
 130
 131 \f
 132 ;; Functions
 133
 134 ;;;###autoload
 135 (defun describe-function (function)
 136   "Display the full documentation of FUNCTION (a symbol)."
 137   (interactive
 138    (let ((fn (function-called-at-point))
 139          (enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
 140          val)
 141      (setq val (completing-read (if fn
 142                                     (format "Describe function (default %s): " fn)
 143                                   "Describe function: ")
 144                                 obarray 'fboundp t nil nil (symbol-name fn)))
 145      (list (if (equal val "")
 146                fn (intern val)))))
 147   (if (null function)
 148       (message "You didn't specify a function")
 149     (help-setup-xref (list #'describe-function function) (interactive-p))
 150     (save-excursion
 151       (with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
 152         (prin1 function)
 153         ;; Use " is " instead of a colon so that
 154         ;; it is easier to get out the function name using forward-sexp.
 155         (princ " is ")
 156         (describe-function-1 function)
 157         (print-help-return-message)
 158         (with-current-buffer standard-output
 159           ;; Return the text we displayed.
 160           (buffer-string))))))
 161
 162 (defun help-split-fundoc (docstring def)
 163   "Split a function DOCSTRING into the actual doc and the usage info.
 164 Return (USAGE . DOC) or nil if there's no usage info.
 165 DEF is the function whose usage we're looking for in DOCSTRING."
 166   ;; Functions can get the calling sequence at the end of the doc string.
 167   ;; In cases where `function' has been fset to a subr we can't search for
 168   ;; function's name in the doc string so we use `fn' as the anonymous
 169   ;; function name instead.
 170   (when (and docstring (string-match "\n\n(fn\\(\\( .*\\)?)\\)\\'" docstring))
 171     (cons (format "(%s%s"
 172                   ;; Replace `fn' with the actual function name.
 173                   (if (consp def) "anonymous" def)
 174                   (match-string 1 docstring))
 175           (substring docstring 0 (match-beginning 0)))))
 176
 177 (defun help-add-fundoc-usage (docstring arglist)
 178   "Add the usage info to DOCSTRING.
 179 If DOCSTRING already has a usage info, then just return it unchanged.
 180 The usage info is built from ARGLIST.  DOCSTRING can be nil.
 181 ARGLIST can also be t or a string of the form \"(FUN ARG1 ARG2 ...)\"."
 182   (unless (stringp docstring) (setq docstring "Not documented"))
 183   (if (or (string-match "\n\n(fn\\(\\( .*\\)?)\\)\\'" docstring) (eq arglist t))
 184       docstring
 185     (concat docstring
 186             (if (string-match "\n?\n\\'" docstring)
 187                 (if (< (- (match-end 0) (match-beginning 0)) 2) "\n" "")
 188               "\n\n")
 189             (if (and (stringp arglist)
 190                      (string-match "\\`([^ ]+\\(.*\\))\\'" arglist))
 191                 (concat "(fn" (match-string 1 arglist) ")")
 192               (format "%S" (help-make-usage 'fn arglist))))))
 193
 194 (defun help-function-arglist (def)
 195   ;; Handle symbols aliased to other symbols.
 196   (if (and (symbolp def) (fboundp def)) (setq def (indirect-function def)))
 197   ;; If definition is a macro, find the function inside it.
 198   (if (eq (car-safe def) 'macro) (setq def (cdr def)))
 199   (cond
 200    ((byte-code-function-p def) (aref def 0))
 201    ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda) (nth 1 def))
 202    ((and (eq (car-safe def) 'autoload) (not (eq (nth 4 def) 'keymap)))
 203     "[Arg list not available until function definition is loaded.]")
 204    (t t)))
 205
 206 (defun help-make-usage (function arglist)
 207   (cons (if (symbolp function) function 'anonymous)
 208         (mapcar (lambda (arg)
 209                   (if (not (symbolp arg))
 210                       (if (and (consp arg) (symbolp (car arg)))
 211                           ;; CL style default values for optional args.
 212                           (cons (intern (upcase (symbol-name (car arg))))
 213                                 (cdr arg))
 214                         arg)
 215                     (let ((name (symbol-name arg)))
 216                       (if (string-match "\\`&" name) arg
 217                         (intern (upcase name))))))
 218                 arglist)))
 219
 220 ;;; Could be this, if we make symbol-file do the work below.
 221 ;;; (defun help-C-file-name (subr-or-var kind)
 222 ;;;   "Return the name of the C file where SUBR-OR-VAR is defined.
 223 ;;; KIND should be `var' for a variable or `subr' for a subroutine."
 224 ;;;   (symbol-file (if (symbolp subr-or-var) subr-or-var
 225 ;;;              (subr-name subr-or-var))
 226 ;;;            (if (eq kind 'var) 'defvar 'defun)))
 227
 228 (defun help-C-file-name (subr-or-var kind)
 229   "Return the name of the C file where SUBR-OR-VAR is defined.
 230 KIND should be `var' for a variable or `subr' for a subroutine."
 231   (let ((docbuf (get-buffer-create " *DOC*"))
 232         (name (if (eq 'var kind)
 233                   (concat "V" (symbol-name subr-or-var))
 234                 (concat "F" (subr-name subr-or-var)))))
 235     (with-current-buffer docbuf
 236       (goto-char (point-min))
 237       (if (eobp)
 238           (insert-file-contents-literally
 239            (expand-file-name internal-doc-file-name doc-directory)))
 240       (let ((file (catch 'loop
 241                     (while t
 242                       (let ((pnt (search-forward (concat "\x1f" name "\n"))))
 243                         (re-search-backward "\x1fS\\(.*\\)")
 244                         (let ((file (match-string 1)))
 245                           (if (member file build-files)
 246                               (throw 'loop file)
 247                             (goto-char pnt))))))))
 248         (if (string-match "\\.\\(o\\|obj\\)\\'" file)
 249             (setq file (replace-match ".c" t t file)))
 250         (if (string-match "\\.c\\'" file)
 251             (concat "src/" file)
 252           file)))))
 253
 254 ;;;###autoload
 255 (defface help-argument-name '((((supports :slant italic)) :inherit italic))
 256   "Face to highlight argument names in *Help* buffers."
 257   :group 'help)
 258
 259 (defun help-default-arg-highlight (arg)
 260   "Default function to highlight arguments in *Help* buffers.
 261 It returns ARG in face `help-argument-name'; ARG is also
 262 downcased if it displays differently than the default
 263 face (according to `face-differs-from-default-p')."
 264   (propertize (if (face-differs-from-default-p 'help-argument-name)
 265                   (downcase arg)
 266                 arg)
 267               'face 'help-argument-name))
 268
 269 (defun help-do-arg-highlight (doc args)
 270   (with-syntax-table (make-syntax-table emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table)
 271     (modify-syntax-entry ?\- "w")
 272     (while args
 273       (let ((arg (prog1 (car args) (setq args (cdr args)))))
 274         (setq doc (replace-regexp-in-string
 275                    ;; This is heuristic, but covers all common cases
 276                    ;; except ARG1-ARG2
 277                    (concat "\\<"                   ; beginning of word
 278                            "\\(?:[a-z-]+-\\)?"     ; for xxx-ARG
 279                            "\\("
 280                            arg
 281                            "\\)"
 282                            "\\(?:es\\|s\\|th\\)?"  ; for ARGth, ARGs
 283                            "\\(?:-[a-z-]+\\)?"     ; for ARG-xxx
 284                            "\\>")                  ; end of word
 285                    (help-default-arg-highlight arg)
 286                    doc t t 1))))
 287     doc))
 288
 289 (defun help-highlight-arguments (usage doc &rest args)
 290   (when usage
 291     (with-temp-buffer
 292       (insert usage)
 293       (goto-char (point-min))
 294       (let ((case-fold-search nil)
 295             (next (not (or args (looking-at "\\["))))
 296             (opt nil))
 297         ;; Make a list of all arguments
 298         (skip-chars-forward "^ ")
 299         (while next
 300           (or opt (not (looking-at " &")) (setq opt t))
 301           (if (not (re-search-forward " \\([\\[(]*\\)\\([^] &)\.]+\\)" nil t))
 302               (setq next nil)
 303             (setq args (cons (match-string 2) args))
 304             (when (and opt (string= (match-string 1) "("))
 305               ;; A pesky CL-style optional argument with default value,
 306               ;; so let's skip over it
 307               (search-backward "(")
 308               (goto-char (scan-sexps (point) 1)))))
 309         ;; Highlight aguments in the USAGE string
 310         (setq usage (help-do-arg-highlight (buffer-string) args))
 311         ;; Highlight arguments in the DOC string
 312         (setq doc (and doc (help-do-arg-highlight doc args))))))
 313   ;; Return value is like the one from help-split-fundoc, but highlighted
 314   (cons usage doc))
 315
 316 ;;;###autoload
 317 (defun describe-function-1 (function)
 318   (let* ((def (if (symbolp function)
 319                   (symbol-function function)
 320                 function))
 321          file-name string
 322          (beg (if (commandp def) "an interactive " "a ")))
 323     (setq string
 324           (cond ((or (stringp def)
 325                      (vectorp def))
 326                  "a keyboard macro")
 327                 ((subrp def)
 328                  (if (eq 'unevalled (cdr (subr-arity def)))
 329                      (concat beg "special form")
 330                    (concat beg "built-in function")))
 331                 ((byte-code-function-p def)
 332                  (concat beg "compiled Lisp function"))
 333                 ((symbolp def)
 334                  (while (symbolp (symbol-function def))
 335                    (setq def (symbol-function def)))
 336                  (format "an alias for `%s'" def))
 337                 ((eq (car-safe def) 'lambda)
 338                  (concat beg "Lisp function"))
 339                 ((eq (car-safe def) 'macro)
 340                  "a Lisp macro")
 341                 ((eq (car-safe def) 'autoload)
 342                  (setq file-name (nth 1 def))
 343                  (format "%s autoloaded %s"
 344                          (if (commandp def) "an interactive" "an")
 345                          (if (eq (nth 4 def) 'keymap) "keymap"
 346                            (if (nth 4 def) "Lisp macro" "Lisp function"))
 347                          ))
 348                 ((keymapp def)
 349                  (let ((is-full nil)
 350                        (elts (cdr-safe def)))
 351                    (while elts
 352                      (if (char-table-p (car-safe elts))
 353                          (setq is-full t
 354                                elts nil))
 355                      (setq elts (cdr-safe elts)))
 356                    (if is-full
 357                        "a full keymap"
 358                      "a sparse keymap")))
 359                 (t "")))
 360     (princ string)
 361     (with-current-buffer standard-output
 362       (save-excursion
 363         (save-match-data
 364           (if (re-search-backward "alias for `\\([^`']+\\)'" nil t)
 365               (help-xref-button 1 'help-function def)))))
 366     (or file-name
 367         (setq file-name (symbol-file function 'defun)))
 368     (when (equal file-name "loaddefs.el")
 369       ;; Find the real def site of the preloaded function.
 370       ;; This is necessary only for defaliases.
 371       (let ((location
 372              (condition-case nil
 373                  (find-function-search-for-symbol function nil "loaddefs.el")
 374                (error nil))))
 375         (when location
 376           (with-current-buffer (car location)
 377             (goto-char (cdr location))
 378             (when (re-search-backward
 379                    "^;;; Generated autoloads from \\(.*\\)" nil t)
 380               (setq file-name (match-string 1)))))))
 381     (when (and (null file-name) (subrp def))
 382       ;; Find the C source file name.
 383       (setq file-name (if (get-buffer " *DOC*")
 384                           (help-C-file-name def 'subr)
 385                         'C-source)))
 386     (when file-name
 387       (princ " in `")
 388       ;; We used to add .el to the file name,
 389       ;; but that's completely wrong when the user used load-file.
 390       (princ (if (eq file-name 'C-source) "C source code" file-name))
 391       (princ "'")
 392       ;; Make a hyperlink to the library.
 393       (with-current-buffer standard-output
 394         (save-excursion
 395           (re-search-backward "`\\([^`']+\\)'" nil t)
 396           (help-xref-button 1 'help-function-def function file-name))))
 397     (princ ".")
 398     (terpri)
 399     (when (commandp function)
 400       (let* ((remapped (command-remapping function))
 401              (keys (where-is-internal
 402                     (or remapped function) overriding-local-map nil nil))
 403              non-modified-keys)
 404         ;; Which non-control non-meta keys run this command?
 405         (dolist (key keys)
 406           (if (member (event-modifiers (aref key 0)) '(nil (shift)))
 407               (push key non-modified-keys)))
 408         (when remapped
 409           (princ "It is remapped to `")
 410           (princ (symbol-name remapped))
 411           (princ "'"))
 412
 413         (when keys
 414           (princ (if remapped " which is bound to " "It is bound to "))
 415           ;; FIXME: This list can be very long (f.ex. for self-insert-command).
 416           ;; If there are many, remove them from KEYS.
 417           (if (< (length non-modified-keys) 10)
 418               (princ (mapconcat 'key-description keys ", "))
 419             (dolist (key non-modified-keys)
 420               (setq keys (delq key keys)))
 421             (if keys
 422                 (progn
 423                   (princ (mapconcat 'key-description keys ", "))
 424                   (princ ", and many ordinary text characters"))
 425               (princ "many ordinary text characters"))))
 426         (when (or remapped keys non-modified-keys)
 427           (princ ".")
 428           (terpri))))
 429     (let* ((arglist (help-function-arglist def))
 430            (doc (documentation function))
 431            (usage (help-split-fundoc doc function)))
 432       (with-current-buffer standard-output
 433         ;; If definition is a keymap, skip arglist note.
 434         (unless (keymapp def)
 435           (let* ((use (cond
 436                         (usage (setq doc (cdr usage)) (car usage))
 437                         ((listp arglist)
 438                          (format "%S" (help-make-usage function arglist)))
 439                         ((stringp arglist) arglist)
 440                         ;; Maybe the arglist is in the docstring of the alias.
 441                         ((let ((fun function))
 442                            (while (and (symbolp fun)
 443                                        (setq fun (symbol-function fun))
 444                                        (not (setq usage (help-split-fundoc
 445                                                          (documentation fun)
 446                                                          function)))))
 447                            usage)
 448                          (car usage))
 449                         ((or (stringp def)
 450                              (vectorp def))
 451                          (format "\nMacro: %s" (format-kbd-macro def)))
 452                         (t "[Missing arglist.  Please make a bug report.]")))
 453                  (high (help-highlight-arguments use doc)))
 454             (insert (car high) "\n")
 455             (setq doc (cdr high))))
 456         (let ((obsolete (and
 457                          ;; function might be a lambda construct.
 458                          (symbolp function)
 459                          (get function 'byte-obsolete-info))))
 460           (when obsolete
 461             (princ "\nThis function is obsolete")
 462             (when (nth 2 obsolete)
 463               (insert (format " since %s" (nth 2 obsolete))))
 464             (insert ";\n"
 465                     (if (stringp (car obsolete)) (car obsolete)
 466                       (format "use `%s' instead." (car obsolete)))
 467                     "\n"))
 468           (insert "\n"
 469                   (or doc "Not documented.")))))))
 470
 471 \f
 472 ;; Variables
 473
 474 ;;;###autoload
 475 (defun variable-at-point (&optional any-symbol)
 476   "Return the bound variable symbol found around point.
 477 Return 0 if there is no such symbol.
 478 If ANY-SYMBOL is non-nil, don't insist the symbol be bound."
 479   (or (condition-case ()
 480           (with-syntax-table emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table
 481             (save-excursion
 482               (or (not (zerop (skip-syntax-backward "_w")))
 483                   (eq (char-syntax (following-char)) ?w)
 484                   (eq (char-syntax (following-char)) ?_)
 485                   (forward-sexp -1))
 486               (skip-chars-forward "'")
 487               (let ((obj (read (current-buffer))))
 488                 (and (symbolp obj) (boundp obj) obj))))
 489         (error nil))
 490       (let* ((str (find-tag-default))
 491              (sym (if str (intern-soft str))))
 492         (if (and sym (or any-symbol (boundp sym)))
 493             sym
 494           (save-match-data
 495             (when (and str (string-match "\\`\\W*\\(.*?\\)\\W*\\'" str))
 496               (setq sym (intern-soft (match-string 1 str)))
 497               (and (or any-symbol (boundp sym)) sym)))))
 498       0))
 499
 500 ;;;###autoload
 501 (defun describe-variable (variable &optional buffer)
 502   "Display the full documentation of VARIABLE (a symbol).
 503 Returns the documentation as a string, also.
 504 If VARIABLE has a buffer-local value in BUFFER (default to the current buffer),
 505 it is displayed along with the global value."
 506   (interactive
 507    (let ((v (variable-at-point))
 508          (enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
 509          val)
 510      (setq val (completing-read (if (symbolp v)
 511                                     (format
 512                                      "Describe variable (default %s): " v)
 513                                   "Describe variable: ")
 514                                 obarray 'boundp t nil nil
 515                                 (if (symbolp v) (symbol-name v))))
 516      (list (if (equal val "")
 517                v (intern val)))))
 518   (unless (buffer-live-p buffer) (setq buffer (current-buffer)))
 519   (if (not (symbolp variable))
 520       (message "You did not specify a variable")
 521     (save-excursion
 522       (let* ((valvoid (not (with-current-buffer buffer (boundp variable))))
 523              ;; Extract the value before setting up the output buffer,
 524              ;; in case `buffer' *is* the output buffer.
 525              (val (unless valvoid (buffer-local-value variable buffer))))
 526         (help-setup-xref (list #'describe-variable variable buffer)
 527                          (interactive-p))
 528         (with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
 529           (with-current-buffer buffer
 530             (prin1 variable)
 531             (if valvoid
 532                 (princ " is void")
 533               (with-current-buffer standard-output
 534                 (princ "'s value is ")
 535                 (terpri)
 536                 (let ((from (point)))
 537                   (pp val)
 538                   (help-xref-on-pp from (point))
 539                   (if (< (point) (+ from 20))
 540                       (delete-region (1- from) from)))))
 541             (terpri)
 542             (when (local-variable-p variable)
 543               (princ (format "%socal in buffer %s; "
 544                              (if (get variable 'permanent-local)
 545                                  "Permanently l" "L")
 546                              (buffer-name)))
 547               (if (not (default-boundp variable))
 548                   (princ "globally void")
 549                 (let ((val (default-value variable)))
 550                   (with-current-buffer standard-output
 551                     (princ "global value is ")
 552                     (terpri)
 553                     ;; Fixme: pp can take an age if you happen to
 554                     ;; ask for a very large expression.  We should
 555                     ;; probably print it raw once and check it's a
 556                     ;; sensible size before prettyprinting.  -- fx
 557                     (let ((from (point)))
 558                       (pp val)
 559                       (help-xref-on-pp from (point))
 560                       (if (< (point) (+ from 20))
 561                         (delete-region (1- from) from))))))
 562               (terpri))
 563             (terpri)
 564             (with-current-buffer standard-output
 565               (when (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 10)
 566                 ;; Note that setting the syntax table like below
 567                 ;; makes forward-sexp move over a `'s' at the end
 568                 ;; of a symbol.
 569                 (set-syntax-table emacs-lisp-mode-syntax-table)
 570                 (goto-char (point-min))
 571                 (if valvoid
 572                     (forward-line 1)
 573                   (forward-sexp 1)
 574                   (delete-region (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point)))
 575                   (save-excursion
 576                     (insert "\n\nValue:")
 577                     (set (make-local-variable 'help-button-cache)
 578                          (point-marker)))
 579                   (insert " value is shown ")
 580                   (insert-button "below"
 581                                  'action help-button-cache
 582                                  'follow-link t
 583                                  'help-echo "mouse-2, RET: show value")
 584                   (insert ".\n\n")))
 585               ;; Add a note for variables that have been make-var-buffer-local.
 586               (when (and (local-variable-if-set-p variable)
 587                          (or (not (local-variable-p variable))
 588                              (with-temp-buffer
 589                                (local-variable-if-set-p variable))))
 590                 (save-excursion
 591                   (forward-line -1)
 592                   (insert "Automatically becomes buffer-local when set in any fashion.\n"))))
 593             ;; Mention if it's an alias
 594             (let* ((alias (condition-case nil
 595                              (indirect-variable variable)
 596                            (error variable)))
 597                    (obsolete (get variable 'byte-obsolete-variable))
 598                    (doc (or (documentation-property variable 'variable-documentation)
 599                             (documentation-property alias 'variable-documentation))))
 600               (unless (eq alias variable)
 601                 (princ (format "This variable is an alias for `%s'." alias))
 602                 (terpri)
 603                 (terpri))
 604               (when obsolete
 605                 (princ "This variable is obsolete")
 606                 (if (cdr obsolete) (princ (format " since %s" (cdr obsolete))))
 607                 (princ ";") (terpri)
 608                 (princ (if (stringp (car obsolete)) (car obsolete)
 609                          (format "use `%s' instead." (car obsolete))))
 610                 (terpri)
 611                 (terpri))
 612               (princ (or doc "Not documented as a variable.")))
 613             ;; Make a link to customize if this variable can be customized.
 614             (if (custom-variable-p variable)
 615                 (let ((customize-label "customize"))
 616                   (terpri)
 617                   (terpri)
 618                   (princ (concat "You can " customize-label " this variable."))
 619                   (with-current-buffer standard-output
 620                     (save-excursion
 621                       (re-search-backward
 622                        (concat "\\(" customize-label "\\)") nil t)
 623                       (help-xref-button 1 'help-customize-variable variable)))))
 624             ;; Make a hyperlink to the library if appropriate.  (Don't
 625             ;; change the format of the buffer's initial line in case
 626             ;; anything expects the current format.)
 627             (let ((file-name (symbol-file variable 'defvar)))
 628               (when (equal file-name "loaddefs.el")
 629                 ;; Find the real def site of the preloaded variable.
 630                 (let ((location
 631                        (condition-case nil
 632                            (find-variable-noselect variable file-name)
 633                          (error nil))))
 634                   (when location
 635                     (with-current-buffer (car location)
 636                       (goto-char (cdr location))
 637                       (when (re-search-backward
 638                              "^;;; Generated autoloads from \\(.*\\)" nil t)
 639                         (setq file-name (match-string 1)))))))
 640               (when (and (null file-name)
 641                          (integerp (get variable 'variable-documentation)))
 642                 ;; It's a variable not defined in Elisp but in C.
 643                 (setq file-name
 644                       (if (get-buffer " *DOC*")
 645                           (help-C-file-name variable 'var)
 646                         'C-source)))
 647               (when file-name
 648                 (princ "\n\nDefined in `")
 649                 (princ (if (eq file-name 'C-source) "C source code" file-name))
 650                 (princ "'.")
 651                 (with-current-buffer standard-output
 652                   (save-excursion
 653                     (re-search-backward "`\\([^`']+\\)'" nil t)
 654                     (help-xref-button 1 'help-variable-def
 655                                       variable file-name)))))
 656
 657             (print-help-return-message)
 658             (save-excursion
 659               (set-buffer standard-output)
 660               ;; Return the text we displayed.
 661               (buffer-string))))))))
 662
 663
 664 ;;;###autoload
 665 (defun describe-syntax (&optional buffer)
 666   "Describe the syntax specifications in the syntax table of BUFFER.
 667 The descriptions are inserted in a help buffer, which is then displayed.
 668 BUFFER defaults to the current buffer."
 669   (interactive)
 670   (setq buffer (or buffer (current-buffer)))
 671   (help-setup-xref (list #'describe-syntax buffer) (interactive-p))
 672   (with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
 673     (let ((table (with-current-buffer buffer (syntax-table))))
 674       (with-current-buffer standard-output
 675         (describe-vector table 'internal-describe-syntax-value)
 676         (while (setq table (char-table-parent table))
 677           (insert "\nThe parent syntax table is:")
 678           (describe-vector table 'internal-describe-syntax-value))))))
 679
 680 (defun help-describe-category-set (value)
 681   (insert (cond
 682            ((null value) "default")
 683            ((char-table-p value) "deeper char-table ...")
 684            (t (condition-case err
 685                   (category-set-mnemonics value)
 686                 (error "invalid"))))))
 687
 688 ;;;###autoload
 689 (defun describe-categories (&optional buffer)
 690   "Describe the category specifications in the current category table.
 691 The descriptions are inserted in a buffer, which is then displayed.
 692 If BUFFER is non-nil, then describe BUFFER's category table instead.
 693 BUFFER should be a buffer or a buffer name."
 694   (interactive)
 695   (setq buffer (or buffer (current-buffer)))
 696   (help-setup-xref (list #'describe-categories buffer) (interactive-p))
 697   (with-output-to-temp-buffer (help-buffer)
 698     (let ((table (with-current-buffer buffer (category-table))))
 699       (with-current-buffer standard-output
 700         (describe-vector table 'help-describe-category-set)
 701         (let ((docs (char-table-extra-slot table 0)))
 702           (if (or (not (vectorp docs)) (/= (length docs) 95))
 703               (insert "Invalid first extra slot in this char table\n")
 704             (insert "Meanings of mnemonic characters are:\n")
 705             (dotimes (i 95)
 706               (let ((elt (aref docs i)))
 707                 (when elt
 708                   (insert (+ i ?\ ) ": " elt "\n"))))
 709             (while (setq table (char-table-parent table))
 710               (insert "\nThe parent category table is:")
 711               (describe-vector table 'help-describe-category-set))))))))
 712
 713 (provide 'help-fns)
 714
 715 ;;; arch-tag: 9e10331c-ae81-4d13-965d-c4819aaab0b3
 716 ;;; help-fns.el ends here