lisp/emacs-lisp/timer.el

   1 ;;; timer.el --- run a function with args at some time in future
   2
   3 ;; Copyright (C) 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008,
   4 ;;   2009  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6 ;; Maintainer: FSF
   7
   8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
   9
  10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  12 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  13 ;; (at your option) any later version.
  14
  15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
  19
  20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  21 ;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  22
  23 ;;; Commentary:
  24
  25 ;; This package gives you the capability to run Emacs Lisp commands at
  26 ;; specified times in the future, either as one-shots or periodically.
  27
  28 ;;; Code:
  29
  30 ;; Layout of a timer vector:
  31 ;; [triggered-p high-seconds low-seconds usecs repeat-delay
  32 ;;  function args idle-delay]
  33 ;; triggered-p is nil if the timer is active (waiting to be triggered),
  34 ;;  t if it is inactive ("already triggered", in theory)
  35
  36 (eval-when-compile (require 'cl))
  37
  38 (defstruct (timer
  39             (:constructor nil)
  40             (:copier nil)
  41             (:constructor timer-create ())
  42             (:type vector)
  43             (:conc-name timer--))
  44   (triggered t)
  45   high-seconds low-seconds usecs repeat-delay function args idle-delay)
  46
  47 (defun timerp (object)
  48   "Return t if OBJECT is a timer."
  49   (and (vectorp object) (= (length object) 8)))
  50
  51 ;; Pseudo field `time'.
  52 (defun timer--time (timer)
  53   (list (timer--high-seconds timer)
  54         (timer--low-seconds timer)
  55         (timer--usecs timer)))
  56
  57 (defsetf timer--time
  58   (lambda (timer time)
  59     (or (timerp timer) (error "Invalid timer"))
  60     (setf (timer--high-seconds timer) (pop time))
  61     (setf (timer--low-seconds timer)
  62           (if (consp time) (car time) time))
  63     (setf (timer--usecs timer) (or (and (consp time) (consp (cdr time))
  64                                         (cadr time))
  65                                    0))))
  66
  67
  68 (defun timer-set-time (timer time &optional delta)
  69   "Set the trigger time of TIMER to TIME.
  70 TIME must be in the internal format returned by, e.g., `current-time'.
  71 If optional third argument DELTA is a positive number, make the timer
  72 fire repeatedly that many seconds apart."
  73   (setf (timer--time timer) time)
  74   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) (and (numberp delta) (> delta 0) delta))
  75   timer)
  76
  77 (defun timer-set-idle-time (timer secs &optional repeat)
  78   "Set the trigger idle time of TIMER to SECS.
  79 SECS may be an integer, floating point number, or the internal
  80 time format (HIGH LOW USECS) returned by, e.g., `current-idle-time'.
  81 If optional third argument REPEAT is non-nil, make the timer
  82 fire each time Emacs is idle for that many seconds."
  83   (if (consp secs)
  84       (setf (timer--time timer) secs)
  85     (setf (timer--time timer) '(0 0 0))
  86     (timer-inc-time timer secs))
  87   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) repeat)
  88   timer)
  89
  90 (defun timer-next-integral-multiple-of-time (time secs)
  91   "Yield the next value after TIME that is an integral multiple of SECS.
  92 More precisely, the next value, after TIME, that is an integral multiple
  93 of SECS seconds since the epoch.  SECS may be a fraction."
  94   (let ((time-base (ash 1 16)))
  95     (if (fboundp 'atan)
  96         ;; Use floating point, taking care to not lose precision.
  97         (let* ((float-time-base (float time-base))
  98                (million 1000000.0)
  99                (time-usec (+ (* million
 100                                 (+ (* float-time-base (nth 0 time))
 101                                    (nth 1 time)))
 102                              (nth 2 time)))
 103                (secs-usec (* million secs))
 104                (mod-usec (mod time-usec secs-usec))
 105                (next-usec (+ (- time-usec mod-usec) secs-usec))
 106                (time-base-million (* float-time-base million)))
 107           (list (floor next-usec time-base-million)
 108                 (floor (mod next-usec time-base-million) million)
 109                 (floor (mod next-usec million))))
 110       ;; Floating point is not supported.
 111       ;; Use integer arithmetic, avoiding overflow if possible.
 112       (let* ((mod-sec (mod (+ (* (mod time-base secs)
 113                                  (mod (nth 0 time) secs))
 114                               (nth 1 time))
 115                            secs))
 116              (next-1-sec (+ (- (nth 1 time) mod-sec) secs)))
 117         (list (+ (nth 0 time) (floor next-1-sec time-base))
 118               (mod next-1-sec time-base)
 119               0)))))
 120
 121 (defun timer-relative-time (time secs &optional usecs)
 122   "Advance TIME by SECS seconds and optionally USECS microseconds.
 123 SECS may be either an integer or a floating point number."
 124   ;; FIXME: we should just use (time-add time (list 0 secs usecs))
 125   (let ((high (car time))
 126         (low (if (consp (cdr time)) (nth 1 time) (cdr time)))
 127         (micro (if (numberp (car-safe (cdr-safe (cdr time))))
 128                    (nth 2 time)
 129                  0)))
 130     ;; Add
 131     (if usecs (setq micro (+ micro usecs)))
 132     (if (floatp secs)
 133         (setq micro (+ micro (floor (* 1000000 (- secs (floor secs)))))))
 134     (setq low (+ low (floor secs)))
 135
 136     ;; Normalize
 137     ;; `/' rounds towards zero while `mod' returns a positive number,
 138     ;; so we can't rely on (= a (+ (* 100 (/ a 100)) (mod a 100))).
 139     (setq low (+ low (/ micro 1000000) (if (< micro 0) -1 0)))
 140     (setq micro (mod micro 1000000))
 141     (setq high (+ high (/ low 65536) (if (< low 0) -1 0)))
 142     (setq low (logand low 65535))
 143
 144     (list high low (and (/= micro 0) micro))))
 145
 146 (defun timer--time-less-p (t1 t2)
 147   "Say whether time value T1 is less than time value T2."
 148   ;; FIXME just use time-less-p.
 149   (destructuring-bind (high1 low1 micro1) (timer--time t1)
 150     (destructuring-bind (high2 low2 micro2) (timer--time t2)
 151       (or (< high1 high2)
 152           (and (= high1 high2)
 153                (or (< low1 low2)
 154                    (and (= low1 low2)
 155                         (< micro1 micro2))))))))
 156
 157 (defun timer-inc-time (timer secs &optional usecs)
 158   "Increment the time set in TIMER by SECS seconds and USECS microseconds.
 159 SECS may be a fraction.  If USECS is omitted, that means it is zero."
 160   (setf (timer--time timer)
 161         (timer-relative-time (timer--time timer) secs usecs)))
 162
 163 (defun timer-set-time-with-usecs (timer time usecs &optional delta)
 164   "Set the trigger time of TIMER to TIME plus USECS.
 165 TIME must be in the internal format returned by, e.g., `current-time'.
 166 The microsecond count from TIME is ignored, and USECS is used instead.
 167 If optional fourth argument DELTA is a positive number, make the timer
 168 fire repeatedly that many seconds apart."
 169   (setf (timer--time timer) time)
 170   (setf (timer--usecs timer) usecs)
 171   (setf (timer--repeat-delay timer) (and (numberp delta) (> delta 0) delta))
 172   timer)
 173 (make-obsolete 'timer-set-time-with-usecs
 174                "use `timer-set-time' and `timer-inc-time' instead."
 175                "22.1")
 176
 177 (defun timer-set-function (timer function &optional args)
 178   "Make TIMER call FUNCTION with optional ARGS when triggering."
 179   (or (timerp timer)
 180       (error "Invalid timer"))
 181   (setf (timer--function timer) function)
 182   (setf (timer--args timer) args)
 183   timer)
 184 \f
 185 (defun timer--activate (timer &optional triggered-p reuse-cell idle)
 186   (if (and (timerp timer)
 187            (integerp (timer--high-seconds timer))
 188            (integerp (timer--low-seconds timer))
 189            (integerp (timer--usecs timer))
 190            (timer--function timer))
 191       (let ((timers (if idle timer-idle-list timer-list))
 192             last)
 193         ;; Skip all timers to trigger before the new one.
 194         (while (and timers (timer--time-less-p (car timers) timer))
 195           (setq last timers
 196                 timers (cdr timers)))
 197         (if reuse-cell
 198             (progn
 199               (setcar reuse-cell timer)
 200               (setcdr reuse-cell timers))
 201           (setq reuse-cell (cons timer timers)))
 202         ;; Insert new timer after last which possibly means in front of queue.
 203         (if last
 204             (setcdr last reuse-cell)
 205           (if idle
 206               (setq timer-idle-list reuse-cell)
 207             (setq timer-list reuse-cell)))
 208         (setf (timer--triggered timer) triggered-p)
 209         (setf (timer--idle-delay timer) idle)
 210         nil)
 211     (error "Invalid or uninitialized timer")))
 212
 213 (defun timer-activate (timer &optional triggered-p reuse-cell idle)
 214   "Put TIMER on the list of active timers.
 215
 216 If TRIGGERED-P is t, that means to make the timer inactive
 217 \(put it on the list, but mark it as already triggered).
 218 To remove from the list, use `cancel-timer'.
 219
 220 REUSE-CELL, if non-nil, is a cons cell to reuse instead
 221 of allocating a new one."
 222   (timer--activate timer triggered-p reuse-cell nil))
 223
 224 (defun timer-activate-when-idle (timer &optional dont-wait reuse-cell)
 225   "Arrange to activate TIMER whenever Emacs is next idle.
 226 If optional argument DONT-WAIT is non-nil, then enable the
 227 timer to activate immediately, or at the right time, if Emacs
 228 is already idle.
 229
 230 REUSE-CELL, if non-nil, is a cons cell to reuse instead
 231 of allocating a new one."
 232   (timer--activate timer (not dont-wait) reuse-cell 'idle))
 233
 234 (defalias 'disable-timeout 'cancel-timer)
 235
 236 (defun cancel-timer (timer)
 237   "Remove TIMER from the list of active timers."
 238   (or (timerp timer)
 239       (error "Invalid timer"))
 240   (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list))
 241   (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list))
 242   nil)
 243
 244 (defun cancel-timer-internal (timer)
 245   "Remove TIMER from the list of active timers or idle timers.
 246 Only to be used in this file.  It returns the cons cell
 247 that was removed from the timer list."
 248   (let ((cell1 (memq timer timer-list))
 249         (cell2 (memq timer timer-idle-list)))
 250     (if cell1
 251         (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list)))
 252     (if cell2
 253         (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list)))
 254     (or cell1 cell2)))
 255
 256 (defun cancel-function-timers (function)
 257   "Cancel all timers which would run FUNCTION.
 258 This affects ordinary timers such as are scheduled by `run-at-time',
 259 and idle timers such as are scheduled by `run-with-idle-timer'."
 260   (interactive "aCancel timers of function: ")
 261   (dolist (timer timer-list)
 262     (if (eq (timer--function timer) function)
 263         (setq timer-list (delq timer timer-list))))
 264   (dolist (timer timer-idle-list)
 265     (if (eq (timer--function timer) function)
 266         (setq timer-idle-list (delq timer timer-idle-list)))))
 267 \f
 268 ;; Record the last few events, for debugging.
 269 (defvar timer-event-last nil
 270   "Last timer that was run.")
 271 (defvar timer-event-last-1 nil
 272   "Next-to-last timer that was run.")
 273 (defvar timer-event-last-2 nil
 274   "Third-to-last timer that was run.")
 275
 276 (defvar timer-max-repeats 10
 277   "*Maximum number of times to repeat a timer, if many repeats are delayed.
 278 Timer invocations can be delayed because Emacs is suspended or busy,
 279 or because the system's time changes.  If such an occurrence makes it
 280 appear that many invocations are overdue, this variable controls
 281 how many will really happen.")
 282
 283 (defun timer-until (timer time)
 284   "Calculate number of seconds from when TIMER will run, until TIME.
 285 TIMER is a timer, and stands for the time when its next repeat is scheduled.
 286 TIME is a time-list."
 287   ;; FIXME: (float-time (time-subtract (timer--time timer) time))
 288   (let ((high (- (car time) (timer--high-seconds timer)))
 289         (low (- (nth 1 time) (timer--low-seconds timer))))
 290     (+ low (* high 65536))))
 291
 292 (defun timer-event-handler (timer)
 293   "Call the handler for the timer TIMER.
 294 This function is called, by name, directly by the C code."
 295   (setq timer-event-last-2 timer-event-last-1)
 296   (setq timer-event-last-1 timer-event-last)
 297   (setq timer-event-last timer)
 298   (let ((inhibit-quit t))
 299     (if (timerp timer)
 300         (let (retrigger cell)
 301           ;; Delete from queue.  Record the cons cell that was used.
 302           (setq cell (cancel-timer-internal timer))
 303           ;; Re-schedule if requested.
 304           (if (timer--repeat-delay timer)
 305               (if (timer--idle-delay timer)
 306                   (timer-activate-when-idle timer nil cell)
 307                 (timer-inc-time timer (timer--repeat-delay timer) 0)
 308                 ;; If real time has jumped forward,
 309                 ;; perhaps because Emacs was suspended for a long time,
 310                 ;; limit how many times things get repeated.
 311                 (if (and (numberp timer-max-repeats)
 312                          (< 0 (timer-until timer (current-time))))
 313                     (let ((repeats (/ (timer-until timer (current-time))
 314                                       (timer--repeat-delay timer))))
 315                       (if (> repeats timer-max-repeats)
 316                           (timer-inc-time timer (* (timer--repeat-delay timer)
 317                                                    repeats)))))
 318                 (timer-activate timer t cell)
 319                 (setq retrigger t)))
 320           ;; Run handler.
 321           ;; We do this after rescheduling so that the handler function
 322           ;; can cancel its own timer successfully with cancel-timer.
 323           (condition-case nil
 324               (apply (timer--function timer) (timer--args timer))
 325             (error nil))
 326           (if retrigger
 327               (setf (timer--triggered timer) nil)))
 328       (error "Bogus timer event"))))
 329
 330 ;; This function is incompatible with the one in levents.el.
 331 (defun timeout-event-p (event)
 332   "Non-nil if EVENT is a timeout event."
 333   (and (listp event) (eq (car event) 'timer-event)))
 334 \f
 335
 336 (declare-function diary-entry-time "diary-lib" (s))
 337
 338 (defun run-at-time (time repeat function &rest args)
 339   "Perform an action at time TIME.
 340 Repeat the action every REPEAT seconds, if REPEAT is non-nil.
 341 TIME should be one of: a string giving an absolute time like
 342 \"11:23pm\" (the acceptable formats are those recognized by
 343 `diary-entry-time'; note that such times are interpreted as times
 344 today, even if in the past); a string giving a relative time like
 345 \"2 hours 35 minutes\" (the acceptable formats are those
 346 recognized by `timer-duration'); nil meaning now; a number of
 347 seconds from now; a value from `encode-time'; or t (with non-nil
 348 REPEAT) meaning the next integral multiple of REPEAT.  REPEAT may
 349 be an integer or floating point number.  The action is to call
 350 FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 351
 352 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 353   (interactive "sRun at time: \nNRepeat interval: \naFunction: ")
 354
 355   (or (null repeat)
 356       (and (numberp repeat) (< 0 repeat))
 357       (error "Invalid repetition interval"))
 358
 359   ;; Special case: nil means "now" and is useful when repeating.
 360   (if (null time)
 361       (setq time (current-time)))
 362
 363   ;; Special case: t means the next integral multiple of REPEAT.
 364   (if (and (eq time t) repeat)
 365       (setq time (timer-next-integral-multiple-of-time (current-time) repeat)))
 366
 367   ;; Handle numbers as relative times in seconds.
 368   (if (numberp time)
 369       (setq time (timer-relative-time (current-time) time)))
 370
 371   ;; Handle relative times like "2 hours 35 minutes"
 372   (if (stringp time)
 373       (let ((secs (timer-duration time)))
 374         (if secs
 375             (setq time (timer-relative-time (current-time) secs)))))
 376
 377   ;; Handle "11:23pm" and the like.  Interpret it as meaning today
 378   ;; which admittedly is rather stupid if we have passed that time
 379   ;; already.  (Though only Emacs hackers hack Emacs at that time.)
 380   (if (stringp time)
 381       (progn
 382         (require 'diary-lib)
 383         (let ((hhmm (diary-entry-time time))
 384               (now (decode-time)))
 385           (if (>= hhmm 0)
 386               (setq time
 387                     (encode-time 0 (% hhmm 100) (/ hhmm 100) (nth 3 now)
 388                                  (nth 4 now) (nth 5 now) (nth 8 now)))))))
 389
 390   (or (consp time)
 391       (error "Invalid time format"))
 392
 393   (let ((timer (timer-create)))
 394     (timer-set-time timer time repeat)
 395     (timer-set-function timer function args)
 396     (timer-activate timer)
 397     timer))
 398
 399 (defun run-with-timer (secs repeat function &rest args)
 400   "Perform an action after a delay of SECS seconds.
 401 Repeat the action every REPEAT seconds, if REPEAT is non-nil.
 402 SECS and REPEAT may be integers or floating point numbers.
 403 The action is to call FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 404
 405 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 406   (interactive "sRun after delay (seconds): \nNRepeat interval: \naFunction: ")
 407   (apply 'run-at-time secs repeat function args))
 408
 409 (defun add-timeout (secs function object &optional repeat)
 410   "Add a timer to run SECS seconds from now, to call FUNCTION on OBJECT.
 411 If REPEAT is non-nil, repeat the timer every REPEAT seconds.
 412 This function is for compatibility; see also `run-with-timer'."
 413   (run-with-timer secs repeat function object))
 414
 415 (defun run-with-idle-timer (secs repeat function &rest args)
 416   "Perform an action the next time Emacs is idle for SECS seconds.
 417 The action is to call FUNCTION with arguments ARGS.
 418 SECS may be an integer, a floating point number, or the internal
 419 time format (HIGH LOW USECS) returned by, e.g., `current-idle-time'.
 420 If Emacs is currently idle, and has been idle for N seconds (N < SECS),
 421 then it will call FUNCTION in SECS - N seconds from now.
 422
 423 If REPEAT is non-nil, do the action each time Emacs has been idle for
 424 exactly SECS seconds (that is, only once for each time Emacs becomes idle).
 425
 426 This function returns a timer object which you can use in `cancel-timer'."
 427   (interactive
 428    (list (read-from-minibuffer "Run after idle (seconds): " nil nil t)
 429          (y-or-n-p "Repeat each time Emacs is idle? ")
 430          (intern (completing-read "Function: " obarray 'fboundp t))))
 431   (let ((timer (timer-create)))
 432     (timer-set-function timer function args)
 433     (timer-set-idle-time timer secs repeat)
 434     (timer-activate-when-idle timer t)
 435     timer))
 436 \f
 437 (defun with-timeout-handler (tag)
 438   "This is the timer function used for the timer made by `with-timeout'."
 439   (throw tag 'timeout))
 440
 441 (put 'with-timeout 'lisp-indent-function 1)
 442
 443 (defvar with-timeout-timers nil
 444   "List of all timers used by currently pending `with-timeout' calls.")
 445
 446 (defmacro with-timeout (list &rest body)
 447   "Run BODY, but if it doesn't finish in SECONDS seconds, give up.
 448 If we give up, we run the TIMEOUT-FORMS and return the value of the last one.
 449 The timeout is checked whenever Emacs waits for some kind of external
 450 event (such as keyboard input, input from subprocesses, or a certain time);
 451 if the program loops without waiting in any way, the timeout will not
 452 be detected.
 453 \n(fn (SECONDS TIMEOUT-FORMS...) BODY)"
 454   (let ((seconds (car list))
 455         (timeout-forms (cdr list)))
 456     `(let ((with-timeout-tag (cons nil nil))
 457            with-timeout-value with-timeout-timer
 458            (with-timeout-timers with-timeout-timers))
 459        (if (catch with-timeout-tag
 460              (progn
 461                (setq with-timeout-timer
 462                      (run-with-timer ,seconds nil
 463                                       'with-timeout-handler
 464                                       with-timeout-tag))
 465                (push with-timeout-timer with-timeout-timers)
 466                (setq with-timeout-value (progn . ,body))
 467                nil))
 468            (progn . ,timeout-forms)
 469          (cancel-timer with-timeout-timer)
 470          with-timeout-value))))
 471
 472 (defun with-timeout-suspend ()
 473   "Stop the clock for `with-timeout'.  Used by debuggers.
 474 The idea is that the time you spend in the debugger should not
 475 count against these timeouts.
 476
 477 The value is a list that the debugger can pass to `with-timeout-unsuspend'
 478 when it exits, to make these timers start counting again."
 479   (mapcar (lambda (timer)
 480             (cancel-timer timer)
 481             (list timer (time-subtract (timer--time timer) (current-time))))
 482           with-timeout-timers))
 483
 484 (defun with-timeout-unsuspend (timer-spec-list)
 485   "Restart the clock for `with-timeout'.
 486 The argument should be a value previously returned by `with-timeout-suspend'."
 487   (dolist (elt timer-spec-list)
 488     (let ((timer (car elt))
 489           (delay (cadr elt)))
 490       (timer-set-time timer (time-add (current-time) delay))
 491       (timer-activate timer))))
 492
 493 (defun y-or-n-p-with-timeout (prompt seconds default-value)
 494   "Like (y-or-n-p PROMPT), with a timeout.
 495 If the user does not answer after SECONDS seconds, return DEFAULT-VALUE."
 496   (with-timeout (seconds default-value)
 497     (y-or-n-p prompt)))
 498 \f
 499 (defconst timer-duration-words
 500   (list (cons "microsec" 0.000001)
 501         (cons "microsecond" 0.000001)
 502         (cons "millisec" 0.001)
 503         (cons "millisecond" 0.001)
 504         (cons "sec" 1)
 505         (cons "second" 1)
 506         (cons "min" 60)
 507         (cons "minute" 60)
 508         (cons "hour" (* 60 60))
 509         (cons "day" (* 24 60 60))
 510         (cons "week" (* 7 24 60 60))
 511         (cons "fortnight" (* 14 24 60 60))
 512         (cons "month" (* 30 24 60 60))    ; Approximation
 513         (cons "year" (* 365.25 24 60 60)) ; Approximation
 514         )
 515   "Alist mapping temporal words to durations in seconds.")
 516
 517 (defun timer-duration (string)
 518   "Return number of seconds specified by STRING, or nil if parsing fails."
 519   (let ((secs 0)
 520         (start 0)
 521         (case-fold-search t))
 522     (while (string-match
 523             "[ \t]*\\([0-9.]+\\)?[ \t]*\\([a-z]+[a-rt-z]\\)s?[ \t]*"
 524             string start)
 525       (let ((count (if (match-beginning 1)
 526                        (string-to-number (match-string 1 string))
 527                      1))
 528             (itemsize (cdr (assoc (match-string 2 string)
 529                                   timer-duration-words))))
 530         (if itemsize
 531             (setq start (match-end 0)
 532                   secs (+ secs (* count itemsize)))
 533           (setq secs nil
 534                 start (length string)))))
 535     (if (= start (length string))
 536         secs
 537       (if (string-match-p "\\`[0-9.]+\\'" string)
 538           (string-to-number string)))))
 539 \f
 540 (provide 'timer)
 541
 542 ;; arch-tag: b1a9237b-7787-4382-9e46-8f2c3b3273e0
 543 ;;; timer.el ends here