* net/tramp-sh.el (tramp-sh-handle-start-file-process): Eliminate

[emacs.git] / lisp / ffap.el

;;; ffap.el --- find file (or url) at point

;; Copyright (C) 1995-1997, 2000-2012  Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: Michelangelo Grigni <mic@mathcs.emory.edu>
;; Maintainer: FSF
;; Created: 29 Mar 1993
;; Keywords: files, hypermedia, matching, mouse, convenience
;; X-URL: ftp://ftp.mathcs.emory.edu/pub/mic/emacs/

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
;; (at your option) any later version.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

\f
;;; Commentary:
;;
;; Command find-file-at-point replaces find-file.  With a prefix, it
;; behaves exactly like find-file.  Without a prefix, it first tries
;; to guess a default file or URL from the text around the point
;; (`ffap-require-prefix' swaps these behaviors).  This is useful for
;; following references in situations such as mail or news buffers,
;; README's, MANIFEST's, and so on.  Submit bugs or suggestions with
;; M-x ffap-bug.
;;
;; For the default installation, add this line to your .emacs file:
;;
;; (ffap-bindings)                      ; do default key bindings
;;
;; ffap-bindings makes the following global key bindings:
;;
;; C-x C-f              find-file-at-point (abbreviated as ffap)
;; C-x C-r              ffap-read-only
;; C-x C-v              ffap-alternate-file
;;
;; C-x d                dired-at-point
;; C-x C-d              ffap-list-directory
;;
;; C-x 4 f              ffap-other-window
;; C-x 4 r              ffap-read-only-other-window
;; C-x 4 d              ffap-dired-other-window
;;
;; C-x 5 f              ffap-other-frame
;; C-x 5 r              ffap-read-only-other-frame
;; C-x 5 d              ffap-dired-other-frame
;;
;; S-mouse-3     ffap-at-mouse
;; C-S-mouse-3   ffap-menu
;;
;; ffap-bindings also adds hooks to make the following local bindings
;; in vm, gnus, and rmail:
;;
;; M-l         ffap-next, or ffap-gnus-next in gnus (l == "link")
;; M-m         ffap-menu, or ffap-gnus-menu in gnus (m == "menu")
;;
;; If you do not like these bindings, modify the variable
;; `ffap-bindings', or write your own.
;;
;; If you use ange-ftp, browse-url, complete, efs, or w3, it is best
;; to load or autoload them before ffap.  If you use ff-paths, load it
;; afterwards.  Try apropos {C-h a ffap RET} to get a list of the many
;; option variables.  In particular, if ffap is slow, try these:
;;
;; (setq ffap-alist nil)                ; faster, dumber prompting
;; (setq ffap-machine-p-known 'accept)  ; no pinging
;; (setq ffap-url-regexp nil)           ; disable URL features in ffap
;; (setq ffap-shell-prompt-regexp nil)  ; disable shell prompt stripping
;;
;; ffap uses `browse-url' (if found, else `w3-fetch') to fetch URL's.
;; For a hairier `ffap-url-fetcher', try ffap-url.el (same ftp site).
;; Also, you can add `ffap-menu-rescan' to various hooks to fontify
;; the file and URL references within a buffer.

\f
;;; Change Log:
;;
;; The History and Contributors moved to ffap.LOG (same ftp site),
;; which also has some old examples and commentary from ffap 1.5.

\f
;;; Todo list:
;; * use kpsewhich
;; * let "/dir/file#key" jump to key (tag or regexp) in /dir/file
;; * find file of symbol if TAGS is loaded (like above)
;; * break long menus into multiple panes (like imenu?)
;; * notice node in "(dired)Virtual Dired" (quotes, parentheses, whitespace)
;; * notice "machine.dom blah blah blah dir/file" (how?)
;; * as w3 becomes standard, rewrite to rely more on its functions
;; * regexp options for ffap-string-at-point, like font-lock (MCOOK)
;; * v19: could replace `ffap-locate-file' with a quieter `locate-library'
;; * handle "$(VAR)" in Makefiles
;; * use the font-lock machinery

\f
;;; Code:

(require 'url-parse)

(define-obsolete-variable-alias 'ffap-version 'emacs-version "23.2")

(defgroup ffap nil
  "Find file or URL at point."
  ;; Dead 2009/07/05.
;;  :link '(url-link :tag "URL" "ftp://ftp.mathcs.emory.edu/pub/mic/emacs/")
  :group 'matching
  :group 'convenience)

;; The code is organized in pages, separated by formfeed characters.
;; See the next two pages for standard customization ideas.

\f
;;; User Variables:

(defun ffap-symbol-value (sym &optional default)
  "Return value of symbol SYM, if bound, or DEFAULT otherwise."
  (if (boundp sym) (symbol-value sym) default))

(defcustom ffap-shell-prompt-regexp
  ;; This used to test for some shell prompts that don't have a space
  ;; after them. The common root shell prompt (#) is not listed since it
  ;; also doubles up as a valid URL character.
  "[$%><]*"
  "Paths matching this regexp are stripped off the shell prompt.
If nil, ffap doesn't do shell prompt stripping."
  :type '(choice (const :tag "Disable" nil)
                  (const :tag "Standard" "[$%><]*")
                   regexp)
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-ftp-regexp "\\`/[^/:]+:"
  "File names matching this regexp are treated as remote ffap.
If nil, ffap neither recognizes nor generates such names."
  :type '(choice (const :tag "Disable" nil)
                 (const :tag "Standard" "\\`/[^/:]+:")
                 regexp)
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-url-unwrap-local t
  "If non-nil, convert some URLs to local file names before prompting.
Only \"file:\" and \"ftp:\" URLs are converted, and only if they
do not specify a host, or the host is either \"localhost\" or
equal to `system-name'."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-url-unwrap-remote '("ftp")
  "If non-nil, convert URLs to remote file names before prompting.
If the value is a list of strings, that specifies a list of URL
schemes (e.g. \"ftp\"); in that case, only convert those URLs."
  :type '(choice (repeat string) boolean)
  :group 'ffap
  :version "24.3")

(defcustom ffap-ftp-default-user "anonymous"
  "User name in ftp file names generated by `ffap-host-to-path'.
Note this name may be omitted if it equals the default
\(either `efs-default-user' or `ange-ftp-default-user'\)."
  :type 'string
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-rfs-regexp
  ;; Remote file access built into file system?  HP rfa or Andrew afs:
  "\\`/\\(afs\\|net\\)/."
  ;; afs only: (and (file-exists-p "/afs") "\\`/afs/.")
  "Matching file names are treated as remote.  Use nil to disable."
  :type 'regexp
  :group 'ffap)

(defvar ffap-url-regexp
  ;; Could just use `url-nonrelative-link' of w3, if loaded.
  ;; This regexp is not exhaustive, it just matches common cases.
  (concat
   "\\`\\("
   "news\\(post\\)?:\\|mailto:\\|file:" ; no host ok
   "\\|"
   "\\(ftp\\|https?\\|telnet\\|gopher\\|www\\|wais\\)://" ; needs host
   "\\)."                               ; require one more character
   )
   "Regexp matching URLs.  Use nil to disable URL features in ffap.")

(defcustom ffap-foo-at-bar-prefix "mailto"
  "Presumed URL prefix type of strings like \"<foo.9z@bar>\".
Sensible values are nil, \"news\", or \"mailto\"."
  :type '(choice (const "mailto")
                 (const "news")
                 (const :tag "Disable" nil)
                 ;; string -- possible, but not really useful
                 )
  :group 'ffap)

\f
;;; Peanut Gallery (More User Variables):
;;
;; Users of ffap occasionally suggest new features.  If I consider
;; those features interesting but not clear winners (a matter of
;; personal taste) I try to leave options to enable them.  Read
;; through this section for features that you like, put an appropriate
;; enabler in your .emacs file.

(defcustom ffap-dired-wildcards "[*?][^/]*\\'"
  "A regexp matching filename wildcard characters, or nil.

If `find-file-at-point' gets a filename matching this pattern,
and `ffap-pass-wildcards-to-dired' is nil, it passes it on to
`find-file' with non-nil WILDCARDS argument, which expands
wildcards and visits multiple files.  To visit a file whose name
contains wildcard characters you can suppress wildcard expansion
by setting `find-file-wildcards'.  If `find-file-at-point' gets a
filename matching this pattern and `ffap-pass-wildcards-to-dired'
is non-nil, it passes it on to `dired'.

If `dired-at-point' gets a filename matching this pattern,
it passes it on to `dired'."
  :type '(choice (const :tag "Disable" nil)
                 (const :tag "Enable" "[*?][^/]*\\'")
                 ;; regexp -- probably not useful
                 )
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-pass-wildcards-to-dired nil
  "If non-nil, pass filenames matching `ffap-dired-wildcards' to dired."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-newfile-prompt nil
  ;; Suggestion from RHOGEE, 11 Jul 1994.  Disabled, I think this is
  ;; better handled by `find-file-not-found-hooks'.
  "Whether `find-file-at-point' prompts about a nonexistent file."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-require-prefix nil
  ;; Suggestion from RHOGEE, 20 Oct 1994.
  "If set, reverses the prefix argument to `find-file-at-point'.
This is nil so neophytes notice ffap.  Experts may prefer to disable
ffap most of the time."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-file-finder 'find-file
  "The command called by `find-file-at-point' to find a file."
  :type 'function
  :group 'ffap
  :risky t)

(defcustom ffap-directory-finder 'dired
  "The command called by `dired-at-point' to find a directory."
  :type 'function
  :group 'ffap
  :risky t)

(defcustom ffap-url-fetcher
  (if (fboundp 'browse-url)
      'browse-url                       ; rely on browse-url-browser-function
    'w3-fetch)
  ;; Remote control references:
  ;; http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/XMosaic/remote-control.html
  ;; http://home.netscape.com/newsref/std/x-remote.html
  "A function of one argument, called by ffap to fetch an URL.
Reasonable choices are `w3-fetch' or a `browse-url-*' function.
For a fancy alternative, get `ffap-url.el'."
  :type '(choice (const w3-fetch)
                 (const browse-url)     ; in recent versions of browse-url
                 (const browse-url-netscape)
                 (const browse-url-mosaic)
                 function)
  :group 'ffap
  :risky t)

(defcustom ffap-next-regexp
  ;; If you want ffap-next to find URL's only, try this:
  ;; (and ffap-url-regexp (string-match "\\\\`" ffap-url-regexp)
  ;;      (concat "\\<" (substring ffap-url-regexp 2))))
  ;;
  ;; It pays to put a big fancy regexp here, since ffap-guesser is
  ;; much more time-consuming than regexp searching:
  "[/:.~[:alpha:]]/\\|@[[:alpha:]][-[:alnum:]]*\\."
  "Regular expression governing movements of `ffap-next'."
  :type 'regexp
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom dired-at-point-require-prefix nil
  "If non-nil, reverse the prefix argument to `dired-at-point'.
This is nil so neophytes notice FFAP.  Experts may prefer to
disable FFAP most of the time."
  :type 'boolean
  :group 'ffap
  :version "20.3")

\f
;;; Compatibility:
;;
;; This version of ffap supports only the Emacs it is distributed in.
;; See the ftp site for a more general version.  The following
;; functions are necessary "leftovers" from the more general version.

(defun ffap-mouse-event ()              ; current mouse event, or nil
  (and (listp last-nonmenu-event) last-nonmenu-event))
(defun ffap-event-buffer (event)
  (window-buffer (car (event-start event))))

\f
;;; Find Next Thing in buffer (`ffap-next'):
;;
;; Original ffap-next-url (URL's only) from RPECK 30 Mar 1995.  Since
;; then, broke it up into ffap-next-guess (noninteractive) and
;; ffap-next (a command).  It now work on files as well as url's.

(defvar ffap-next-guess nil
  "Last value returned by `ffap-next-guess'.")

(defvar ffap-string-at-point-region '(1 1)
  "List (BEG END), last region returned by `ffap-string-at-point'.")

(defun ffap-next-guess (&optional back lim)
  "Move point to next file or URL, and return it as a string.
If nothing is found, leave point at limit and return nil.
Optional BACK argument makes search backwards.
Optional LIM argument limits the search.
Only considers strings that match `ffap-next-regexp'."
  (or lim (setq lim (if back (point-min) (point-max))))
  (let (guess)
    (while (not (or guess (eq (point) lim)))
      (funcall (if back 're-search-backward 're-search-forward)
               ffap-next-regexp lim 'move)
      (setq guess (ffap-guesser)))
    ;; Go to end, so we do not get same guess twice:
    (goto-char (nth (if back 0 1) ffap-string-at-point-region))
    (setq ffap-next-guess guess)))

;;;###autoload
(defun ffap-next (&optional back wrap)
  "Search buffer for next file or URL, and run ffap.
Optional argument BACK says to search backwards.
Optional argument WRAP says to try wrapping around if necessary.
Interactively: use a single prefix to search backwards,
double prefix to wrap forward, triple to wrap backwards.
Actual search is done by `ffap-next-guess'."
  (interactive
   (cdr (assq (prefix-numeric-value current-prefix-arg)
              '((1) (4 t) (16 nil t) (64 t t)))))
  (let ((pt (point))
        (guess (ffap-next-guess back)))
    ;; Try wraparound if necessary:
    (and (not guess) wrap
         (goto-char (if back (point-max) (point-min)))
         (setq guess (ffap-next-guess back pt)))
    (if guess
        (progn
          (sit-for 0)                   ; display point movement
          (find-file-at-point (ffap-prompter guess)))
      (goto-char pt)                    ; restore point
      (message "No %sfiles or URL's found"
               (if wrap "" "more ")))))

(defun ffap-next-url (&optional back wrap)
  "Like `ffap-next', but search with `ffap-url-regexp'."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-next-regexp ffap-url-regexp))
    (if (called-interactively-p 'interactive)
        (call-interactively 'ffap-next)
      (ffap-next back wrap))))

\f
;;; Machines (`ffap-machine-p'):

;; I cannot decide a "best" strategy here, so these are variables.  In
;; particular, if `Pinging...' is broken or takes too long on your
;; machine, try setting these all to accept or reject.
(defcustom ffap-machine-p-local 'reject ; this happens often
  "What `ffap-machine-p' does with hostnames that have no domain.
Value should be a symbol, one of `ping', `accept', and `reject'."
  :type '(choice (const ping)
                 (const accept)
                 (const reject))
  :group 'ffap)
(defcustom ffap-machine-p-known 'ping   ; `accept' for higher speed
  "What `ffap-machine-p' does with hostnames that have a known domain.
Value should be a symbol, one of `ping', `accept', and `reject'.
See `mail-extr.el' for the known domains."
  :type '(choice (const ping)
                 (const accept)
                 (const reject))
  :group 'ffap)
(defcustom ffap-machine-p-unknown 'reject
  "What `ffap-machine-p' does with hostnames that have an unknown domain.
Value should be a symbol, one of `ping', `accept', and `reject'.
See `mail-extr.el' for the known domains."
  :type '(choice (const ping)
                 (const accept)
                 (const reject))
  :group 'ffap)

(defun ffap-what-domain (domain)
  ;; Like what-domain in mail-extr.el, returns string or nil.
  (require 'mail-extr)
  (let ((ob (or (ffap-symbol-value 'mail-extr-all-top-level-domains)
                (ffap-symbol-value 'all-top-level-domains)))) ; XEmacs
    (and ob (get (intern-soft (downcase domain) ob) 'domain-name))))

(defun ffap-machine-p (host &optional service quiet strategy)
  "Decide whether HOST is the name of a real, reachable machine.
Depending on the domain (none, known, or unknown), follow the strategy
named by the variable `ffap-machine-p-local', `ffap-machine-p-known',
or `ffap-machine-p-unknown'.  Pinging uses `open-network-stream'.
Optional SERVICE specifies the port used \(default \"discard\"\).
Optional QUIET flag suppresses the \"Pinging...\" message.
Optional STRATEGY overrides the three variables above.
Returned values:
 t      means that HOST answered.
'accept means the relevant variable told us to accept.
\"mesg\"  means HOST exists, but does not respond for some reason."
  ;; Try some (Emory local):
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "ftp" nil nil 'ping)
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "nonesuch" nil nil 'ping)
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "ftp.mathcs.emory.edu" nil nil 'ping)
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "mathcs" 5678 nil 'ping)
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "foo.bonk" nil nil 'ping)
  ;; (ffap-machine-p "foo.bonk.com" nil nil 'ping)
  (if (or (string-match "[^-[:alnum:].]" host) ; Invalid chars (?)
          (not (string-match "[^0-9]" host))) ; 1: a number? 2: quick reject
      nil
    (let* ((domain
            (and (string-match "\\.[^.]*$" host)
                 (downcase (substring host (1+ (match-beginning 0))))))
           (what-domain (if domain (ffap-what-domain domain) "Local")))
      (or strategy
          (setq strategy
                (cond ((not domain) ffap-machine-p-local)
                      ((not what-domain) ffap-machine-p-unknown)
                      (t ffap-machine-p-known))))
      (cond
       ((eq strategy 'accept) 'accept)
       ((eq strategy 'reject) nil)
       ((not (fboundp 'open-network-stream)) nil)
       ;; assume (eq strategy 'ping)
       (t
        (or quiet
            (if (stringp what-domain)
                (message "Pinging %s (%s)..." host what-domain)
              (message "Pinging %s ..." host)))
        (condition-case error
            (progn
              (delete-process
               (open-network-stream
                "ffap-machine-p" nil host (or service "discard")))
              t)
          (error
           (let ((mesg (car (cdr error))))
             (cond
              ;; v18:
              ((string-match "^Unknown host" mesg) nil)
              ((string-match "not responding$" mesg) mesg)
              ;; v19:
              ;; (file-error "connection failed" "permission denied"
              ;;             "nonesuch" "ffap-machine-p")
              ;; (file-error "connection failed" "host is unreachable"
              ;;             "gopher.house.gov" "ffap-machine-p")
              ;; (file-error "connection failed" "address already in use"
              ;;             "ftp.uu.net" "ffap-machine-p")
              ((equal mesg "connection failed")
               (if (equal (nth 2 error) "permission denied")
                   nil                  ; host does not exist
                 ;; Other errors mean the host exists:
                 (nth 2 error)))
              ;; Could be "Unknown service":
              (t (signal (car error) (cdr error))))))))))))

\f
;;; Possibly Remote Resources:

(defun ffap-replace-file-component (fullname name)
  "In remote FULLNAME, replace path with NAME.  May return nil."
  ;; Use ange-ftp or efs if loaded, but do not load them otherwise.
  (let (found)
    (mapc
     (function (lambda (sym) (and (fboundp sym) (setq found sym))))
     '(
       efs-replace-path-component
       ange-ftp-replace-path-component
       ange-ftp-replace-name-component
       ))
    (and found
         (fset 'ffap-replace-file-component found)
         (funcall found fullname name))))
;; (ffap-replace-file-component "/who@foo.com:/whatever" "/new")

(defun ffap-file-suffix (file)
  "Return trailing `.foo' suffix of FILE, or nil if none."
  (let ((pos (string-match "\\.[^./]*\\'" file)))
    (and pos (substring file pos nil))))

(defvar ffap-compression-suffixes '(".gz" ".Z") ; .z is mostly dead
  "List of suffixes tried by `ffap-file-exists-string'.")

(defun ffap-file-exists-string (file &optional nomodify)
  ;; Early jka-compr versions modified file-exists-p to return the
  ;; filename, maybe modified by adding a suffix like ".gz".  That
  ;; broke the interface of file-exists-p, so it was later dropped.
  ;; Here we document and simulate the old behavior.
  "Return FILE (maybe modified) if the file exists, else nil.
When using jka-compr (a.k.a. `auto-compression-mode'), the returned
name may have a suffix added from `ffap-compression-suffixes'.
The optional NOMODIFY argument suppresses the extra search."
  (cond
   ((not file) nil)                     ; quietly reject nil
   ((file-exists-p file) file)          ; try unmodified first
   ;; three reasons to suppress search:
   (nomodify nil)
   ((not (rassq 'jka-compr-handler file-name-handler-alist)) nil)
   ((member (ffap-file-suffix file) ffap-compression-suffixes) nil)
   (t                                   ; ok, do the search
    (let ((list ffap-compression-suffixes) try ret)
      (while list
        (if (file-exists-p (setq try (concat file (car list))))
            (setq ret try list nil)
          (setq list (cdr list))))
      ret))))

(defun ffap-file-remote-p (filename)
  "If FILENAME looks remote, return it (maybe slightly improved)."
  ;; (ffap-file-remote-p "/user@foo.bar.com:/pub")
  ;; (ffap-file-remote-p "/cssun.mathcs.emory.edu://dir")
  ;; (ffap-file-remote-p "/ffap.el:80")
  (or (and ffap-ftp-regexp
           (string-match ffap-ftp-regexp filename)
           ;; Convert "/host.com://dir" to "/host:/dir", to handle a dying
           ;; practice of advertising ftp files as "host.dom://filename".
           (if (string-match "//" filename)
               ;; (replace-match "/" nil nil filename)
               (concat (substring filename 0 (1+ (match-beginning 0)))
                       (substring filename (match-end 0)))
             filename))
      (and ffap-rfs-regexp
           (string-match ffap-rfs-regexp filename)
           filename)))

(defun ffap-machine-at-point ()
  "Return machine name at point if it exists, or nil."
  (let ((mach (ffap-string-at-point 'machine)))
    (and (ffap-machine-p mach) mach)))

(defsubst ffap-host-to-filename (host)
  "Convert HOST to something like \"/USER@HOST:\" or \"/HOST:\".
Looks at `ffap-ftp-default-user', returns \"\" for \"localhost\"."
  (if (equal host "localhost")
      ""
    (let ((user ffap-ftp-default-user))
      ;; Avoid including the user if it is same as default:
      (if (or (equal user (ffap-symbol-value 'ange-ftp-default-user))
              (equal user (ffap-symbol-value 'efs-default-user)))
          (setq user nil))
      (concat "/" user (and user "@") host ":"))))

(defun ffap-fixup-machine (mach)
  ;; Convert a hostname into an url, an ftp file name, or nil.
  (cond
   ((not (and ffap-url-regexp (stringp mach))) nil)
   ;; gopher.well.com
   ((string-match "\\`gopher[-.]" mach) ; or "info"?
    (concat "gopher://" mach "/"))
   ;; www.ncsa.uiuc.edu
   ((and (string-match "\\`w\\(ww\\|eb\\)[-.]" mach))
    (concat "http://" mach "/"))
   ;; More cases?  Maybe "telnet:" for archie?
   (ffap-ftp-regexp (ffap-host-to-filename mach))
   ))

(defvar ffap-newsgroup-regexp "^[[:lower:]]+\\.[-+[:lower:]_0-9.]+$"
  "Strings not matching this fail `ffap-newsgroup-p'.")
(defvar ffap-newsgroup-heads            ; entirely inadequate
  '("alt" "comp" "gnu" "misc" "news" "sci" "soc" "talk")
  "Used by `ffap-newsgroup-p' if gnus is not running.")

(defun ffap-newsgroup-p (string)
  "Return STRING if it looks like a newsgroup name, else nil."
  (and
   (string-match ffap-newsgroup-regexp string)
   (let ((htbs '(gnus-active-hashtb gnus-newsrc-hashtb gnus-killed-hashtb))
         (heads ffap-newsgroup-heads)
         htb ret)
     (while htbs
       (setq htb (car htbs) htbs (cdr htbs))
       (condition-case nil
           (progn
             ;; errs: htb symbol may be unbound, or not a hash-table.
             ;; gnus-gethash is just a macro for intern-soft.
             (and (symbol-value htb)
                  (intern-soft string (symbol-value htb))
                  (setq ret string htbs nil))
             ;; If we made it this far, gnus is running, so ignore "heads":
             (setq heads nil))
         (error nil)))
     (or ret (not heads)
         (let ((head (string-match "\\`\\([[:lower:]]+\\)\\." string)))
           (and head (setq head (substring string 0 (match-end 1)))
                (member head heads)
                (setq ret string))))
     ;; Is there ever a need to modify string as a newsgroup name?
     ret)))

(defsubst ffap-url-p (string)
  "If STRING looks like an URL, return it (maybe improved), else nil."
  (let ((case-fold-search t))
    (and ffap-url-regexp (string-match ffap-url-regexp string)
         ;; I lied, no improvement:
         string)))

;; Broke these out of ffap-fixup-url, for use of ffap-url package.
(defun ffap-url-unwrap-local (url)
  "Return URL as a local file name, or nil."
  (let* ((obj (url-generic-parse-url url))
         (host (url-host obj))
         (filename (car (url-path-and-query obj))))
    (when (and (member (url-type obj) '("ftp" "file"))
               (member host `("" "localhost" ,(system-name))))
      ;; On Windows, "file:///C:/foo" should unwrap to "C:/foo"
      (if (and (memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt cygwin))
               (string-match "\\`/[a-zA-Z]:" filename))
          (substring filename 1)
        filename))))

(defun ffap-url-unwrap-remote (url)
  "Return URL as a remote file name, or nil."
  (let* ((obj    (url-generic-parse-url url))
         (scheme (url-type obj))
         (valid-schemes (if (listp ffap-url-unwrap-remote)
                            ffap-url-unwrap-remote
                          '("ftp")))
         (host (url-host obj))
         (port (url-port-if-non-default obj))
         (user (url-user obj))
         (filename (car (url-path-and-query obj))))
    (when (and (member scheme valid-schemes)
               (string-match "\\`[a-zA-Z][-a-zA-Z0-9+.]*\\'" scheme)
               (not (equal host "")))
      (concat "/" scheme ":"
              (if user (concat user "@"))
              host
              (if port (concat "#" (number-to-string port)))
              ":" filename))))

(defun ffap-fixup-url (url)
  "Clean up URL and return it, maybe as a file name."
  (cond
   ((not (stringp url)) nil)
   ((and ffap-url-unwrap-local  (ffap-url-unwrap-local url)))
   ((and ffap-url-unwrap-remote (ffap-url-unwrap-remote url)))
   (url)))

\f
;;; File Name Handling:
;;
;; The upcoming ffap-alist actions need various utilities to prepare
;; and search directories.  Too many features here.

;; (defun ffap-last (l) (while (cdr l) (setq l (cdr l))) l)
;; (defun ffap-splice (func inlist)
;;  "Equivalent to (apply 'nconc (mapcar FUNC INLIST)), but less consing."
;;  (let* ((head (cons 17 nil)) (last head))
;;    (while inlist
;;      (setcdr last (funcall func (car inlist)))
;;      (setq last (ffap-last last) inlist (cdr inlist)))
;;    (cdr head)))

(defun ffap-list-env (env &optional empty)
  "Return a list of strings parsed from environment variable ENV.
Optional EMPTY is the default list if \(getenv ENV\) is undefined, and
also is substituted for the first empty-string component, if there is one.
Uses `path-separator' to separate the path into substrings."
  ;; We cannot use parse-colon-path (files.el), since it kills
  ;; "//" entries using file-name-as-directory.
  ;; Similar: dired-split, TeX-split-string, and RHOGEE's psg-list-env
  ;; in ff-paths and bib-cite.  The EMPTY arg may help mimic kpathsea.
  (if (or empty (getenv env))           ; should return something
      (let ((start 0) match dir ret)
        (setq env (concat (getenv env) path-separator))
        (while (setq match (string-match path-separator env start))
          (setq dir (substring env start match) start (1+ match))
          ;;(and (file-directory-p dir) (not (member dir ret)) ...)
          (setq ret (cons dir ret)))
        (setq ret (nreverse ret))
        (and empty (setq match (member "" ret))
             (progn                     ; allow string or list here
               (setcdr match (append (cdr-safe empty) (cdr match)))
               (setcar match (or (car-safe empty) empty))))
        ret)))

(defun ffap-reduce-path (path)
  "Remove duplicates and non-directories from PATH list."
  (let (ret tem)
    (while path
      (setq tem path path (cdr path))
      (if (equal (car tem) ".") (setcar tem ""))
      (or (member (car tem) ret)
          (not (file-directory-p (car tem)))
          (progn (setcdr tem ret) (setq ret tem))))
    (nreverse ret)))

(defun ffap-all-subdirs (dir &optional depth)
  "Return list of all subdirectories under DIR, starting with itself.
Directories beginning with \".\" are ignored, and directory symlinks
are listed but never searched (to avoid loops).
Optional DEPTH limits search depth."
  (and (file-exists-p dir)
       (ffap-all-subdirs-loop (expand-file-name dir) (or depth -1))))

(defun ffap-all-subdirs-loop (dir depth) ; internal
  (setq depth (1- depth))
  (cons dir
        (and (not (eq depth -1))
             (apply 'nconc
                    (mapcar
                     (function
                      (lambda (d)
                        (cond
                         ((not (file-directory-p d)) nil)
                         ((file-symlink-p d) (list d))
                         (t (ffap-all-subdirs-loop d depth)))))
                     (directory-files dir t "\\`[^.]")
                     )))))

(defvar ffap-kpathsea-depth 1
  "Bound on depth of subdirectory search in `ffap-kpathsea-expand-path'.
Set to 0 to avoid all searching, or nil for no limit.")

(defun ffap-kpathsea-expand-path (path)
  "Replace each \"//\"-suffixed dir in PATH by a list of its subdirs.
The subdirs begin with the original directory, and the depth of the
search is bounded by `ffap-kpathsea-depth'.  This is intended to mimic
kpathsea, a library used by some versions of TeX."
  (apply 'nconc
         (mapcar
          (function
           (lambda (dir)
             (if (string-match "[^/]//\\'" dir)
                 (ffap-all-subdirs (substring dir 0 -2) ffap-kpathsea-depth)
               (list dir))))
          path)))

(defun ffap-locate-file (file nosuffix path)
  ;; The current version of locate-library could almost replace this,
  ;; except it does not let us override the suffix list.  The
  ;; compression-suffixes search moved to ffap-file-exists-string.
  "A generic path-searching function.
Returns the name of file in PATH, or nil.
Optional NOSUFFIX, if nil or t, is like the fourth argument
for `load': whether to try the suffixes (\".elc\" \".el\" \"\").
If a nonempty list, it is a list of suffixes to try instead.
PATH is a list of directories.

This uses `ffap-file-exists-string', which may try adding suffixes from
`ffap-compression-suffixes'."
  (if (file-name-absolute-p file)
      (setq path (list (file-name-directory file))
            file (file-name-nondirectory file)))
  (let ((dir-ok (equal "" (file-name-nondirectory file)))
        (suffixes-to-try
         (cond
          ((consp nosuffix) nosuffix)
          (nosuffix '(""))
          (t '(".elc" ".el" ""))))
        suffixes try found)
    (while path
      (setq suffixes suffixes-to-try)
      (while suffixes
        (setq try (ffap-file-exists-string
                   (expand-file-name
                    (concat file (car suffixes)) (car path))))
        (if (and try (or dir-ok (not (file-directory-p try))))
            (setq found try suffixes nil path nil)
          (setq suffixes (cdr suffixes))))
      (setq path (cdr path)))
    found))

\f
;;; Action List (`ffap-alist'):
;;
;; These search actions depend on the major-mode or regexps matching
;; the current name.  The little functions and their variables are
;; deferred to the next section, at some loss of "code locality".  A
;; good example of featuritis.  Trim this list for speed.

(defvar ffap-alist
  '(
    ("" . ffap-completable)             ; completion, slow on some systems
    ("\\.info\\'" . ffap-info)          ; gzip.info
    ("\\`info/" . ffap-info-2)          ; info/emacs
    ("\\`[-[:lower:]]+\\'" . ffap-info-3) ; (emacs)Top [only in the parentheses]
    ("\\.elc?\\'" . ffap-el)            ; simple.el, simple.elc
    (emacs-lisp-mode . ffap-el-mode)    ; rmail, gnus, simple, custom
    ;; (lisp-interaction-mode . ffap-el-mode) ; maybe
    (finder-mode . ffap-el-mode)        ; type {C-h p} and try it
    (help-mode . ffap-el-mode)          ; maybe useful
    (c++-mode . ffap-c-mode)            ; search ffap-c-path
    (cc-mode . ffap-c-mode)             ; same
    ("\\.\\([chCH]\\|cc\\|hh\\)\\'" . ffap-c-mode) ; stdio.h
    (fortran-mode . ffap-fortran-mode)  ; FORTRAN requested by MDB
    ("\\.[fF]\\'" . ffap-fortran-mode)
    (tex-mode . ffap-tex-mode)          ; search ffap-tex-path
    (latex-mode . ffap-latex-mode)      ; similar
    ("\\.\\(tex\\|sty\\|doc\\|cls\\)\\'" . ffap-tex)
    ("\\.bib\\'" . ffap-bib)            ; search ffap-bib-path
    ("\\`\\." . ffap-home)              ; .emacs, .bashrc, .profile
    ("\\`~/" . ffap-lcd)                ; |~/misc/ffap.el.Z|
    ;; This used to have a blank, but ffap-string-at-point doesn't
    ;; handle blanks.
    ;; http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2008-01/msg01058.html
    ("\\`[Rr][Ff][Cc][-#]?\\([0-9]+\\)" ; no $
     . ffap-rfc)                        ; "100% RFC2100 compliant"
    (dired-mode . ffap-dired)           ; maybe in a subdirectory
    )
  "Alist of \(KEY . FUNCTION\) pairs parsed by `ffap-file-at-point'.
If string NAME at point (maybe \"\") is not a file or URL, these pairs
specify actions to try creating such a string.  A pair matches if either
  KEY is a symbol, and it equals `major-mode', or
  KEY is a string, it should match NAME as a regexp.
On a match, \(FUNCTION NAME\) is called and should return a file, an
URL, or nil.  If nil, search the alist for further matches.")

(put 'ffap-alist 'risky-local-variable t)

;; Example `ffap-alist' modifications:
;;
;; (setq ffap-alist                   ; remove a feature in `ffap-alist'
;;       (delete (assoc 'c-mode ffap-alist) ffap-alist))
;;
;; (setq ffap-alist                   ; add something to `ffap-alist'
;;       (cons
;;        (cons "^YSN[0-9]+$"
;;              (defun ffap-ysn (name)
;;                (concat
;;                 "http://www.physics.uiuc.edu/"
;;                 "ysn/httpd/htdocs/ysnarchive/issuefiles/"
;;                 (substring name 3) ".html")))
;;        ffap-alist))

\f
;;; Action Definitions:
;;
;; Define various default members of `ffap-alist'.

(defun ffap-completable (name)
  (let* ((dir (or (file-name-directory name) default-directory))
         (cmp (file-name-completion (file-name-nondirectory name) dir)))
    (and cmp (concat dir cmp))))

(defun ffap-home (name) (ffap-locate-file name t '("~")))

(defun ffap-info (name)
  (ffap-locate-file
   name '("" ".info")
   (or (ffap-symbol-value 'Info-directory-list)
       (ffap-symbol-value 'Info-default-directory-list)
       )))

(defun ffap-info-2 (name) (ffap-info (substring name 5)))

(defun ffap-info-3 (name)
  ;; This ignores the node! "(emacs)Top" same as "(emacs)Intro"
  (and (equal (ffap-string-around) "()") (ffap-info name)))

(defun ffap-el (name) (ffap-locate-file name t load-path))

(defun ffap-el-mode (name)
  ;; If name == "foo.el" we will skip it, since ffap-el already
  ;; searched for it once.  (This assumes the default ffap-alist.)
  (and (not (string-match "\\.el\\'" name))
       (ffap-locate-file name '(".el") load-path)))

;; FIXME this duplicates the logic of Man-header-file-path.
;; There should be a single central variable or function for this.
;; See also (bug#10702):
;; cc-search-directories, semantic-c-dependency-system-include-path,
;; semantic-gcc-setup
(defvar ffap-c-path
  (let ((arch (with-temp-buffer
                (when (eq 0 (ignore-errors
                              (call-process "gcc" nil '(t nil) nil
                                            "-print-multiarch")))
                  (goto-char (point-min))
                  (buffer-substring (point) (line-end-position)))))
        (base '("/usr/include" "/usr/local/include")))
    (if (zerop (length arch))
        base
      (append base (list (expand-file-name arch "/usr/include")))))
  "List of directories to search for include files.")

(defun ffap-c-mode (name)
  (ffap-locate-file name t ffap-c-path))

(defvar ffap-fortran-path '("../include" "/usr/include"))

(defun ffap-fortran-mode (name)
  (ffap-locate-file name t ffap-fortran-path))

(defvar ffap-tex-path
  t                             ; delayed initialization
  "Path where `ffap-tex-mode' looks for TeX files.
If t, `ffap-tex-init' will initialize this when needed.")

(defun ffap-tex-init ()
  ;; Compute ffap-tex-path if it is now t.
  (and (eq t ffap-tex-path)
       ;; this may be slow, so say something
       (message "Initializing ffap-tex-path ...")
       (setq ffap-tex-path
             (ffap-reduce-path
              (cons
               "."
               (ffap-kpathsea-expand-path
                (append
                 (ffap-list-env "TEXINPUTS")
                 ;; (ffap-list-env "BIBINPUTS")
                 (ffap-symbol-value
                  'TeX-macro-global     ; AUCTeX
                  '("/usr/local/lib/tex/macros"
                    "/usr/local/lib/tex/inputs")))))))))

(defun ffap-tex-mode (name)
  (ffap-tex-init)
  (ffap-locate-file name '(".tex" "") ffap-tex-path))

(defun ffap-latex-mode (name)
  (ffap-tex-init)
  ;; only rare need for ""
  (ffap-locate-file name '(".cls" ".sty" ".tex" "") ffap-tex-path))

(defun ffap-tex (name)
  (ffap-tex-init)
  (ffap-locate-file name t ffap-tex-path))

(defvar ffap-bib-path
  (ffap-list-env "BIBINPUTS"
                 (ffap-reduce-path
                  '(
                    ;; a few wild guesses, need better
                    "/usr/local/lib/tex/macros/bib" ; Solaris?
                    "/usr/lib/texmf/bibtex/bib" ; Linux?
                    ))))

(defun ffap-bib (name)
  (ffap-locate-file name t ffap-bib-path))

(defun ffap-dired (name)
  (let ((pt (point)) try)
    (save-excursion
      (and (progn
             (beginning-of-line)
             (looking-at " *[-d]r[-w][-x][-r][-w][-x][-r][-w][-x] "))
           (re-search-backward "^ *$" nil t)
           (re-search-forward "^ *\\([^ \t\n:]*\\):\n *total " pt t)
           (file-exists-p
            (setq try
                  (expand-file-name
                   name
                   (buffer-substring
                    (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))))
           try))))

;; Maybe a "Lisp Code Directory" reference:
(defun ffap-lcd (name)
  ;; FIXME: Is this still in use?
  (and
   (or
    ;; lisp-dir-apropos output buffer:
    (string-match "Lisp Code Dir" (buffer-name))
    ;; Inside an LCD entry like |~/misc/ffap.el.Z|,
    ;; or maybe the holy LCD-Datafile itself:
    (member (ffap-string-around) '("||" "|\n")))
   (concat
    ;; lispdir.el may not be loaded yet:
    (ffap-host-to-filename
     (ffap-symbol-value 'elisp-archive-host
                        "archive.cis.ohio-state.edu"))
    (file-name-as-directory
     (ffap-symbol-value 'elisp-archive-directory
                        "/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/"))
    (substring name 2))))

(defcustom ffap-rfc-path
  (concat (ffap-host-to-filename "ftp.rfc-editor.org") "/in-notes/rfc%s.txt")
  "A `format' string making a filename for RFC documents.
This can be an ange-ftp or tramp remote filename to download, or
a local filename if you have full set of RFCs locally.  See also
`ffap-rfc-directories'."
  :type 'string
  :version "23.1"
  :group 'ffap)

(defcustom ffap-rfc-directories nil
  "A list of directories to look for RFC files.
If a given RFC isn't in these then `ffap-rfc-path' is offered."
  :type '(repeat directory)
  :version "23.1"
  :group 'ffap)

(defun ffap-rfc (name)
  (let ((num (match-string 1 name)))
    (or (ffap-locate-file (format "rfc%s.txt" num) t ffap-rfc-directories)
        (format ffap-rfc-path num))))

\f
;;; At-Point Functions:

(defvar ffap-string-at-point-mode-alist
  '(
    ;; The default, used when the `major-mode' is not found.
    ;; Slightly controversial decisions:
    ;; * strip trailing "@" and ":"
    ;; * no commas (good for latex)
    (file "--:\\\\$+<>@-Z_[:alpha:]~*?" "<@" "@>;.,!:")
    ;; An url, or maybe a email/news message-id:
    (url "--:=&?$+@-Z_[:alpha:]~#,%;*" "^[:alnum:]" ":;.,!?")
    ;; Find a string that does *not* contain a colon:
    (nocolon "--9$+<>@-Z_[:alpha:]~" "<@" "@>;.,!?")
    ;; A machine:
    (machine "-[:alnum:]." "" ".")
    ;; Mathematica paths: allow backquotes
    (math-mode ",-:$+<>@-Z_[:lower:]~`" "<" "@>;.,!?`:")
    )
  "Alist of \(MODE CHARS BEG END\), where MODE is a symbol,
possibly a major-mode name, or one of the symbol
`file', `url', `machine', and `nocolon'.
`ffap-string-at-point' uses the data fields as follows:
1. find a maximal string of CHARS around point,
2. strip BEG chars before point from the beginning,
3. Strip END chars after point from the end.")

(defvar ffap-string-at-point nil
  ;; Added at suggestion of RHOGEE (for ff-paths), 7/24/95.
  "Last string returned by `ffap-string-at-point'.")

(defun ffap-string-at-point (&optional mode)
  "Return a string of characters from around point.
MODE (defaults to value of `major-mode') is a symbol used to look up string
syntax parameters in `ffap-string-at-point-mode-alist'.
If MODE is not found, we use `file' instead of MODE.
If the region is active, return a string from the region.
Sets `ffap-string-at-point' and `ffap-string-at-point-region'."
  (let* ((args
          (cdr
           (or (assq (or mode major-mode) ffap-string-at-point-mode-alist)
               (assq 'file ffap-string-at-point-mode-alist))))
         (pt (point))
         (str
          (if (and transient-mark-mode mark-active)
              (buffer-substring
               (setcar ffap-string-at-point-region (region-beginning))
               (setcar (cdr ffap-string-at-point-region) (region-end)))
            (buffer-substring
             (save-excursion
               (skip-chars-backward (car args))
               (skip-chars-forward (nth 1 args) pt)
               (setcar ffap-string-at-point-region (point)))
             (save-excursion
               (skip-chars-forward (car args))
               (skip-chars-backward (nth 2 args) pt)
               (setcar (cdr ffap-string-at-point-region) (point)))))))
    (set-text-properties 0 (length str) nil str)
    (setq ffap-string-at-point str)))

(defun ffap-string-around ()
  ;; Sometimes useful to decide how to treat a string.
  "Return string of two chars around last `ffap-string-at-point'.
Assumes the buffer has not changed."
  (save-excursion
    (format "%c%c"
            (progn
              (goto-char (car ffap-string-at-point-region))
              (preceding-char))         ; maybe 0
            (progn
              (goto-char (nth 1 ffap-string-at-point-region))
              (following-char))         ; maybe 0
            )))

(defun ffap-copy-string-as-kill (&optional mode)
  ;; Requested by MCOOK.  Useful?
  "Call `ffap-string-at-point', and copy result to `kill-ring'."
  (interactive)
  (let ((str (ffap-string-at-point mode)))
    (if (equal "" str)
        (message "No string found around point.")
      (kill-new str)
      ;; Older: (apply 'copy-region-as-kill ffap-string-at-point-region)
      (message "Copied to kill ring: %s"  str))))

;; External.
(declare-function w3-view-this-url "ext:w3" (&optional no-show))

(defun ffap-url-at-point ()
  "Return URL from around point if it exists, or nil."
  ;; Could use w3's url-get-url-at-point instead.  Both handle "URL:",
  ;; ignore non-relative links, trim punctuation.  The other will
  ;; actually look back if point is in whitespace, but I would rather
  ;; ffap be less aggressive in such situations.
  (when ffap-url-regexp
    (or (and (eq major-mode 'w3-mode) ; In a w3 buffer button?
             (w3-view-this-url t))
        ;; Is there a reason not to strip trailing colon?
        (let ((name (ffap-string-at-point 'url)))
          (cond
           ((string-match "^url:" name) (setq name (substring name 4)))
           ((and (string-match "\\`[^:</>@]+@[^:</>@]+[[:alnum:]]\\'" name)
                 ;; "foo@bar": could be "mailto" or "news" (a Message-ID).
                 ;; Without "<>" it must be "mailto".  Otherwise could be
                 ;; either, so consult `ffap-foo-at-bar-prefix'.
                 (let ((prefix (if (and (equal (ffap-string-around) "<>")
                                        ;; Expect some odd characters:
                                        (string-match "[$.0-9].*[$.0-9].*@" name))
                                   ;; Could be news:
                                   ffap-foo-at-bar-prefix
                                 "mailto")))
                   (and prefix (setq name (concat prefix ":" name))))))
           ((ffap-newsgroup-p name) (setq name (concat "news:" name)))
           ((and (string-match "\\`[[:alnum:]]+\\'" name) ; <mic> <root> <nobody>
                 (equal (ffap-string-around) "<>")
                 ;;     (ffap-user-p name):
                 (not (string-match "~" (expand-file-name (concat "~" name)))))
            (setq name (concat "mailto:" name))))

          (if (ffap-url-p name)
              name)))))

(defvar ffap-gopher-regexp
  "^.*\\<\\(Type\\|Name\\|Path\\|Host\\|Port\\) *= *\\(.*\\) *$"
  "Regexp matching a line in a gopher bookmark (maybe indented).
The two subexpressions are the KEY and VALUE.")

(defun ffap-gopher-at-point ()
  "If point is inside a gopher bookmark block, return its URL."
  ;; `gopher-parse-bookmark' from gopher.el is not so robust
  (save-excursion
    (beginning-of-line)
    (if (looking-at ffap-gopher-regexp)
        (progn
          (while (and (looking-at ffap-gopher-regexp) (not (bobp)))
            (forward-line -1))
          (or (looking-at ffap-gopher-regexp) (forward-line 1))
          (let ((type "1") path host (port "70"))
            (while (looking-at ffap-gopher-regexp)
              (let ((var (intern
                          (downcase
                           (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1)
                                             (match-end 1)))))
                    (val (buffer-substring (match-beginning 2)
                                           (match-end 2))))
                (set var val)
                (forward-line 1)))
            (if (and path (string-match "^ftp:.*@" path))
                (concat "ftp://"
                        (substring path 4 (1- (match-end 0)))
                        (substring path (match-end 0)))
              (and (= (length type) 1)
                   host;; (ffap-machine-p host)
                   (concat "gopher://" host
                           (if (equal port "70") "" (concat ":" port))
                           "/" type path))))))))

(defvar ffap-ftp-sans-slash-regexp
  (and
   ffap-ftp-regexp
   ;; Note: by now, we know it is not an url.
   ;; Icky regexp avoids: default: 123: foo::bar cs:pub
   ;; It does match on: mic@cs: cs:/pub mathcs.emory.edu: (point at end)
   "\\`\\([^:@]+@[^:@]+:\\|[^@.:]+\\.[^@:]+:\\|[^:]+:[~/]\\)\\([^:]\\|\\'\\)")
  "Strings matching this are coerced to ftp file names by ffap.
That is, ffap just prepends \"/\".  Set to nil to disable.")

(defun ffap-file-at-point ()
  "Return filename from around point if it exists, or nil.
Existence test is skipped for names that look remote.
If the filename is not obvious, it also tries `ffap-alist',
which may actually result in an URL rather than a filename."
  ;; Note: this function does not need to look for url's, just
  ;; filenames.  On the other hand, it is responsible for converting
  ;; a pseudo-url "site.com://dir" to an ftp file name
  (let* ((case-fold-search t)           ; url prefixes are case-insensitive
         (data (match-data))
         (string (ffap-string-at-point)) ; uses mode alist
         (name
          (or (condition-case nil
                  (and (not (string-match "//" string)) ; foo.com://bar
                       (substitute-in-file-name string))
                (error nil))
              string))
         (abs (file-name-absolute-p name))
         (default-directory default-directory)
         (oname name))
    (unwind-protect
        (cond
         ;; Immediate rejects (/ and // and /* are too common in C/C++):
         ((member name '("" "/" "//" "/*" ".")) nil)
         ;; Immediately test local filenames.  If default-directory is
         ;; remote, you probably already have a connection.
         ((and (not abs) (ffap-file-exists-string name)))
         ;; Try stripping off line numbers; good for compilation/grep output.
         ((and (not abs) (string-match ":[0-9]" name)
               (ffap-file-exists-string (substring name 0 (match-beginning 0)))))
         ;; Try stripping off prominent (non-root - #) shell prompts
         ;; if the ffap-shell-prompt-regexp is non-nil.
         ((and ffap-shell-prompt-regexp
               (not abs) (string-match ffap-shell-prompt-regexp name)
               (ffap-file-exists-string (substring name (match-end 0)))))
         ;; Accept remote names without actual checking (too slow):
         ((and abs (ffap-file-remote-p name)))
         ;; Ok, not remote, try the existence test even if it is absolute:
         ((and abs (ffap-file-exists-string name)))
         ;; Try stripping off line numbers.
         ((and abs (string-match ":[0-9]" name)
               (ffap-file-exists-string (substring name 0 (match-beginning 0)))))
         ;; If it contains a colon, get rid of it (and return if exists)
         ((and (string-match path-separator name)
               (setq name (ffap-string-at-point 'nocolon))
               (ffap-file-exists-string name)))
         ;; File does not exist, try the alist:
         ((let ((alist ffap-alist) tem try case-fold-search)
            (while (and alist (not try))
              (setq tem (car alist) alist (cdr alist))
              (if (or (eq major-mode (car tem))
                      (and (stringp (car tem))
                           (string-match (car tem) name)))
                  (and (setq try
                             (condition-case nil
                                 (funcall (cdr tem) name)
                               (error nil)))
                       (setq try (or
                                  (ffap-url-p try) ; not a file!
                                  (ffap-file-remote-p try)
                                  (ffap-file-exists-string try))))))
            try))
         ;; Try adding a leading "/" (common omission in ftp file names).
         ;; Note that this uses oname, which still has any colon part.
         ;; This should have a lower priority than the alist stuff,
         ;; else it matches things like "ffap.el:1234:56:Warning".
         ((and (not abs)
               ffap-ftp-sans-slash-regexp
               (string-match ffap-ftp-sans-slash-regexp oname)
               (ffap-file-remote-p (concat "/" oname))))
         ;; Alist failed?  Try to guess an active remote connection
         ;; from buffer variables, and try once more, both as an
         ;; absolute and relative file name on that remote host.
         ((let* (ffap-rfs-regexp        ; suppress
                 (remote-dir
                  (cond
                   ((ffap-file-remote-p default-directory))
                   ((and (eq major-mode 'internal-ange-ftp-mode)
                         (string-match "^\\*ftp \\(.*\\)@\\(.*\\)\\*$"
                                       (buffer-name)))
                    (concat "/" (substring (buffer-name) 5 -1) ":"))
                   ;; This is too often a bad idea:
                   ;;((and (eq major-mode 'w3-mode)
                   ;;      (stringp url-current-server))
                   ;; (host-to-ange-path url-current-server))
                   )))
            (and remote-dir
                 (or
                  (and (string-match "\\`\\(/?~?ftp\\)/" name)
                       (ffap-file-exists-string
                        (ffap-replace-file-component
                         remote-dir (substring name (match-end 1)))))
                  (ffap-file-exists-string
                   (ffap-replace-file-component remote-dir name))))))
         ((and ffap-dired-wildcards
               (string-match ffap-dired-wildcards name)
               abs
               (ffap-file-exists-string (file-name-directory
                                         (directory-file-name name)))
               name))
         ;; Try all parent directories by deleting the trailing directory
         ;; name until existing directory is found or name stops changing
         ((let ((dir name))
            (while (and dir
                        (not (ffap-file-exists-string dir))
                        (not (equal dir (setq dir (file-name-directory
                                                   (directory-file-name dir)))))))
            (ffap-file-exists-string dir)))
         )
      (set-match-data data))))
\f
;;; Prompting (`ffap-read-file-or-url'):
;;
;; We want to complete filenames as in read-file-name, but also url's
;; which read-file-name-internal would truncate at the "//" string.
;; The solution here is to replace read-file-name-internal with
;; `ffap-read-file-or-url-internal', which checks the minibuffer
;; contents before attempting to complete filenames.

(defun ffap-read-file-or-url (prompt guess)
  "Read file or URL from minibuffer, with PROMPT and initial GUESS."
  (or guess (setq guess default-directory))
  (let (dir)
    ;; Tricky: guess may have or be a local directory, like "w3/w3.elc"
    ;; or "w3/" or "../el/ffap.el" or "../../../"
    (or (ffap-url-p guess)
        (progn
          (or (ffap-file-remote-p guess)
              (setq guess
                    (abbreviate-file-name (expand-file-name guess))
                    ))
          (setq dir (file-name-directory guess))))
    (let ((minibuffer-completing-file-name t)
          (completion-ignore-case read-file-name-completion-ignore-case)
          (fnh-elem (cons ffap-url-regexp 'url-file-handler)))
      ;; Explain to `rfn-eshadow' that we can use URLs here.
      (push fnh-elem file-name-handler-alist)
      (unwind-protect
          (setq guess
                (let ((default-directory (if dir (expand-file-name dir)
                                           default-directory)))
                  (completing-read
                   prompt
                   'ffap-read-file-or-url-internal
                   nil
                   nil
                   (if dir (cons guess (length dir)) guess)
                   (list 'file-name-history)
                   (and buffer-file-name
                        (abbreviate-file-name buffer-file-name)))))
        ;; Remove the special handler manually.  We used to just let-bind
        ;; file-name-handler-alist to preserve its value, but that caused
        ;; other modifications to be lost (e.g. when Tramp gets loaded
        ;; during the completing-read call).
        (setq file-name-handler-alist (delq fnh-elem file-name-handler-alist))))
    ;; Do file substitution like (interactive "F"), suggested by MCOOK.
    (or (ffap-url-p guess) (setq guess (substitute-in-file-name guess)))
    ;; Should not do it on url's, where $ is a common (VMS?) character.
    ;; Note: upcoming url.el package ought to handle this automatically.
    guess))

(defun ffap-read-url-internal (string pred action)
  "Complete URLs from history, treating given string as valid."
  (let ((hist (ffap-symbol-value 'url-global-history-hash-table)))
    (cond
     ((not action)
      (or (try-completion string hist pred) string))
     ((eq action t)
      (or (all-completions string hist pred) (list string)))
     ;; action == lambda, documented where?  Tests whether string is a
     ;; valid "match".  Let us always say yes.
     (t t))))

(defun ffap-read-file-or-url-internal (string pred action)
  (unless string                        ;Why would this ever happen?
    (setq string default-directory))
  (if (ffap-url-p string)
      (ffap-read-url-internal string pred action)
    (read-file-name-internal string pred action)))

;; The rest of this page is just to work with package complete.el.
;; This code assumes that you load ffap.el after complete.el.
;;
;; We must inform complete about whether our completion function
;; will do filename style completion.

\f
;;; Highlighting (`ffap-highlight'):

(defvar ffap-highlight t
  "If non-nil, ffap highlights the current buffer substring.")

(defface ffap
  '((t :inherit highlight))
  "Face used to highlight the current buffer substring."
  :group 'ffap
  :version "22.1")

(defvar ffap-highlight-overlay nil
  "Overlay used by `ffap-highlight'.")

(defun ffap-highlight (&optional remove)
  "If `ffap-highlight' is set, highlight the guess in this buffer.
That is, the last buffer substring found by `ffap-string-at-point'.
Optional argument REMOVE means to remove any such highlighting.
Uses the face `ffap' if it is defined, or else `highlight'."
  (cond
   (remove
    (and ffap-highlight-overlay
         (delete-overlay ffap-highlight-overlay))
    )
   ((not ffap-highlight) nil)
   (ffap-highlight-overlay
    (move-overlay
     ffap-highlight-overlay
     (car ffap-string-at-point-region)
     (nth 1 ffap-string-at-point-region)
     (current-buffer)))
   (t
    (setq ffap-highlight-overlay
          (apply 'make-overlay ffap-string-at-point-region))
    (overlay-put ffap-highlight-overlay 'face 'ffap))))

\f
;;; Main Entrance (`find-file-at-point' == `ffap'):

(defun ffap-guesser ()
  "Return file or URL or nil, guessed from text around point."
  (or (and ffap-url-regexp
           (ffap-fixup-url (or (ffap-url-at-point)
                               (ffap-gopher-at-point))))
      (ffap-file-at-point)              ; may yield url!
      (ffap-fixup-machine (ffap-machine-at-point))))

(defun ffap-prompter (&optional guess)
  ;; Does guess and prompt step for find-file-at-point.
  ;; Extra complication for the temporary highlighting.
  (unwind-protect
      ;; This catch will let ffap-alist entries do their own prompting
      ;; and then maybe skip over this prompt (ff-paths, for example).
      (catch 'ffap-prompter
        (ffap-read-file-or-url
         (if ffap-url-regexp "Find file or URL: " "Find file: ")
         (prog1
             (let ((mark-active nil))
               ;; Don't use the region here, since it can be something
               ;; completely unwieldy.  If the user wants that, she could
               ;; use M-w before and then C-y.  --Stef
               (setq guess (or guess (ffap-guesser)))) ; using ffap-alist here
           (and guess (ffap-highlight))
           )))
    (ffap-highlight t)))

;;;###autoload
(defun find-file-at-point (&optional filename)
  "Find FILENAME, guessing a default from text around point.
If `ffap-url-regexp' is not nil, the FILENAME may also be an URL.
With a prefix, this command behaves exactly like `ffap-file-finder'.
If `ffap-require-prefix' is set, the prefix meaning is reversed.
See also the variables `ffap-dired-wildcards', `ffap-newfile-prompt',
and the functions `ffap-file-at-point' and `ffap-url-at-point'."
  (interactive)
  (if (and (called-interactively-p 'interactive)
           (if ffap-require-prefix (not current-prefix-arg)
             current-prefix-arg))
      ;; Do exactly the ffap-file-finder command, even the prompting:
      (let (current-prefix-arg)         ; we already interpreted it
        (call-interactively ffap-file-finder))
    (or filename (setq filename (ffap-prompter)))
    (cond
     ((ffap-url-p filename)
      (let (current-prefix-arg)         ; w3 2.3.25 bug, reported by KPC
        (funcall ffap-url-fetcher filename)))
     ((and ffap-pass-wildcards-to-dired
           ffap-dired-wildcards
           (string-match ffap-dired-wildcards filename))
      (funcall ffap-directory-finder filename))
     ((and ffap-dired-wildcards
           (string-match ffap-dired-wildcards filename)
           find-file-wildcards
           ;; Check if it's find-file that supports wildcards arg
           (memq ffap-file-finder '(find-file find-alternate-file)))
      (funcall ffap-file-finder (expand-file-name filename) t))
     ((or (not ffap-newfile-prompt)
          (file-exists-p filename)
          (y-or-n-p "File does not exist, create buffer? "))
      (funcall ffap-file-finder
               ;; expand-file-name fixes "~/~/.emacs" bug sent by CHUCKR.
               (expand-file-name filename)))
     ;; User does not want to find a non-existent file:
     ((signal 'file-error (list "Opening file buffer"
                                "no such file or directory"
                                filename))))))

;; Shortcut: allow {M-x ffap} rather than {M-x find-file-at-point}.
;;;###autoload
(defalias 'ffap 'find-file-at-point)

\f
;;; Menu support (`ffap-menu'):

(defcustom ffap-menu-regexp nil
  "If non-nil, regexp overriding `ffap-next-regexp' in `ffap-menu'.
Make this more restrictive for faster menu building.
For example, try \":/\" for URL (and some ftp) references."
  :type '(choice (const nil) regexp)
  :group 'ffap)

(defvar ffap-menu-alist nil
  "Buffer local cache of menu presented by `ffap-menu'.")
(make-variable-buffer-local 'ffap-menu-alist)

(defvar ffap-menu-text-plist
  (cond
   ((display-mouse-p) '(face bold mouse-face highlight)) ; keymap <mousy-map>
   (t nil))
  "Text properties applied to strings found by `ffap-menu-rescan'.
These properties may be used to fontify the menu references.")

;;;###autoload
(defun ffap-menu (&optional rescan)
  "Put up a menu of files and URLs mentioned in this buffer.
Then set mark, jump to choice, and try to fetch it.  The menu is
cached in `ffap-menu-alist', and rebuilt by `ffap-menu-rescan'.
The optional RESCAN argument \(a prefix, interactively\) forces
a rebuild.  Searches with `ffap-menu-regexp'."
  (interactive "P")
  ;; (require 'imenu) -- no longer used, but roughly emulated
  (if (or (not ffap-menu-alist) rescan
          ;; or if the first entry is wrong:
          (and ffap-menu-alist
               (let ((first (car ffap-menu-alist)))
                 (save-excursion
                   (goto-char (cdr first))
                   (not (equal (car first) (ffap-guesser)))))))
      (ffap-menu-rescan))
  ;; Tail recursive:
  (ffap-menu-ask
   (if ffap-url-regexp "Find file or URL" "Find file")
   (cons (cons "*Rescan Buffer*" -1) ffap-menu-alist)
   'ffap-menu-cont))

(defun ffap-menu-cont (choice)          ; continuation of ffap-menu
  (if (< (cdr choice) 0)
      (ffap-menu t)                     ; *Rescan*
    (push-mark)
    (goto-char (cdr choice))
    ;; Momentary highlight:
    (unwind-protect
        (progn
          (and ffap-highlight (ffap-guesser) (ffap-highlight))
          (sit-for 0)                   ; display
          (find-file-at-point (car choice)))
      (ffap-highlight t))))

(defun ffap-menu-ask (title alist cont)
  "Prompt from a menu of choices, and then apply some action.
Arguments are TITLE, ALIST, and CONT \(a continuation function\).
This uses either a menu or the minibuffer depending on invocation.
The TITLE string is used as either the prompt or menu title.
Each ALIST entry looks like (STRING . DATA) and defines one choice.
Function CONT is applied to the entry chosen by the user."
  ;; Note: this function is used with a different continuation
  ;; by the ffap-url add-on package.
  ;; Could try rewriting to use easymenu.el or lmenu.el.
  (let (choice)
    (cond
     ;; Emacs mouse:
     ((and (fboundp 'x-popup-menu) (ffap-mouse-event))
      (setq choice
            (x-popup-menu
             t
             (list "" (cons title
                            (mapcar (lambda (i) (cons (car i) i))
                                    alist))))))
     ;; minibuffer with completion buffer:
     (t
      (let ((minibuffer-setup-hook 'minibuffer-completion-help))
        ;; Bug: prompting may assume unique strings, no "".
        (setq choice
              (completing-read
               (format "%s (default %s): " title (car (car alist)))
               alist nil t
               ;; (cons (car (car alist)) 0)
               nil)))
      (sit-for 0)                       ; redraw original screen
      ;; Convert string to its entry, or else the default:
      (setq choice (or (assoc choice alist) (car alist)))))
    (if choice
        (funcall cont choice)
      (message "No choice made!")       ; possible with menus
      nil)))

(defun ffap-menu-rescan ()
  "Search buffer for `ffap-menu-regexp' to build `ffap-menu-alist'.
Applies `ffap-menu-text-plist' text properties at all matches."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-next-regexp (or ffap-menu-regexp ffap-next-regexp))
        (range (- (point-max) (point-min)))
        (mod (buffer-modified-p))       ; was buffer modified?
        ;; inhibit-read-only works on read-only text properties
        ;; as well as read-only buffers.
        (inhibit-read-only t)           ; to set text-properties
        item
        ;; Avoid repeated searches of the *mode-alist:
        (major-mode (if (assq major-mode ffap-string-at-point-mode-alist)
                        major-mode
                      'file)))
    (setq ffap-menu-alist nil)
    (unwind-protect
        (save-excursion
          (goto-char (point-min))
          (while (setq item (ffap-next-guess))
            (setq ffap-menu-alist (cons (cons item (point)) ffap-menu-alist))
            (add-text-properties (car ffap-string-at-point-region) (point)
                                 ffap-menu-text-plist)
            (message "Scanning...%2d%% <%s>"
                     (/ (* 100 (- (point) (point-min))) range) item)))
      (or mod (restore-buffer-modified-p nil))))
  (message "Scanning...done")
  ;; Remove duplicates.
  (setq ffap-menu-alist                 ; sort by item
        (sort ffap-menu-alist
              (function
               (lambda (a b) (string-lessp (car a) (car b))))))
  (let ((ptr ffap-menu-alist))          ; remove duplicates
    (while (cdr ptr)
      (if (equal (car (car ptr)) (car (car (cdr ptr))))
          (setcdr ptr (cdr (cdr ptr)))
        (setq ptr (cdr ptr)))))
  (setq ffap-menu-alist                 ; sort by position
        (sort ffap-menu-alist
              (function
               (lambda (a b) (< (cdr a) (cdr b)))))))

\f
;;; Mouse Support (`ffap-at-mouse'):
;;
;; See the suggested binding in ffap-bindings (near eof).

(defvar ffap-at-mouse-fallback nil      ; ffap-menu? too time-consuming
  "Command invoked by `ffap-at-mouse' if nothing found at click, or nil.
Ignored when `ffap-at-mouse' is called programmatically.")
(put 'ffap-at-mouse-fallback 'risky-local-variable t)

;;;###autoload
(defun ffap-at-mouse (e)
  "Find file or URL guessed from text around mouse click.
Interactively, calls `ffap-at-mouse-fallback' if no guess is found.
Return value:
  * if a guess string is found, return it (after finding it)
  * if the fallback is called, return whatever it returns
  * otherwise, nil"
  (interactive "e")
  (let ((guess
         ;; Maybe less surprising without the save-excursion?
         (save-excursion
           (mouse-set-point e)
           ;; Would prefer to do nothing unless click was *on* text.  How
           ;; to tell that the click was beyond the end of current line?
           (ffap-guesser))))
    (cond
     (guess
      (set-buffer (ffap-event-buffer e))
      (ffap-highlight)
      (unwind-protect
          (progn
            (sit-for 0)                 ; display
            (message "Finding `%s'" guess)
            (find-file-at-point guess)
            guess)                      ; success: return non-nil
        (ffap-highlight t)))
     ((called-interactively-p 'interactive)
      (if ffap-at-mouse-fallback
          (call-interactively ffap-at-mouse-fallback)
        (message "No file or URL found at mouse click.")
        nil))                           ; no fallback, return nil
     ;; failure: return nil
     )))

\f
;;; ffap-other-*, ffap-read-only-*, ffap-alternate-* commands:

;; There could be a real `ffap-noselect' function, but we would need
;; at least two new user variables, and there is no w3-fetch-noselect.
;; So instead, we just fake it with a slow save-window-excursion.

(defun ffap-other-window ()
  "Like `ffap', but put buffer in another window.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let (value)
    (switch-to-buffer-other-window
     (save-window-excursion
       (setq value (call-interactively 'ffap))
       (unless (or (bufferp value) (bufferp (car-safe value)))
         (setq value (current-buffer)))
       (current-buffer)))
    value))

(defun ffap-other-frame ()
  "Like `ffap', but put buffer in another frame.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  ;; Extra code works around dedicated windows (noted by JENS, 7/96):
  (let* ((win (selected-window))
         (wdp (window-dedicated-p win))
         value)
    (unwind-protect
        (progn
          (set-window-dedicated-p win nil)
          (switch-to-buffer-other-frame
           (save-window-excursion
             (setq value (call-interactively 'ffap))
             (unless (or (bufferp value) (bufferp (car-safe value)))
               (setq value (current-buffer)))
             (current-buffer))))
      (set-window-dedicated-p win wdp))
    value))

(defun ffap--toggle-read-only (buffer-or-list)
  (dolist (buffer (if (listp buffer-or-list)
                      buffer-or-list
                    (list buffer-or-list)))
    (with-current-buffer buffer
      (toggle-read-only 1))))

(defun ffap-read-only ()
  "Like `ffap', but mark buffer as read-only.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((value (call-interactively 'ffap)))
    (unless (or (bufferp value) (bufferp (car-safe value)))
      (setq value (current-buffer)))
    (ffap--toggle-read-only value)
    value))

(defun ffap-read-only-other-window ()
  "Like `ffap', but put buffer in another window and mark as read-only.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((value (ffap-other-window)))
    (ffap--toggle-read-only value)
    value))

(defun ffap-read-only-other-frame ()
  "Like `ffap', but put buffer in another frame and mark as read-only.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((value (ffap-other-frame)))
    (ffap--toggle-read-only value)
    value))

(defun ffap-alternate-file ()
  "Like `ffap' and `find-alternate-file'.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-file-finder 'find-alternate-file))
    (call-interactively 'ffap)))

(defun ffap-alternate-file-other-window ()
  "Like `ffap' and `find-alternate-file-other-window'.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-file-finder 'find-alternate-file-other-window))
    (call-interactively 'ffap)))

(defun ffap-literally ()
  "Like `ffap' and `find-file-literally'.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-file-finder 'find-file-literally))
    (call-interactively 'ffap)))

(defalias 'find-file-literally-at-point 'ffap-literally)

\f
;;; Bug Reporter:

(define-obsolete-function-alias 'ffap-bug 'report-emacs-bug "23.1")
(define-obsolete-function-alias 'ffap-submit-bug 'report-emacs-bug "23.1")

\f
;;; Hooks for Gnus, VM, Rmail:
;;
;; If you do not like these bindings, write versions with whatever
;; bindings you would prefer.

(defun ffap-ro-mode-hook ()
  "Bind `ffap-next' and `ffap-menu' to M-l and M-m, resp."
  (local-set-key "\M-l" 'ffap-next)
  (local-set-key "\M-m" 'ffap-menu))

(defun ffap-gnus-hook ()
  "Bind `ffap-gnus-next' and `ffap-gnus-menu' to M-l and M-m, resp."
  (set (make-local-variable 'ffap-foo-at-bar-prefix) "news") ; message-id's
  ;; Note "l", "L", "m", "M" are taken:
  (local-set-key "\M-l" 'ffap-gnus-next)
  (local-set-key "\M-m" 'ffap-gnus-menu))

(defvar gnus-summary-buffer)
(defvar gnus-article-buffer)

;; This code is called from gnus.
(declare-function gnus-summary-select-article "gnus-sum"
                  (&optional all-headers force pseudo article))

(declare-function gnus-configure-windows "gnus-win"
                  (setting &optional force))

(defun ffap-gnus-wrapper (form)         ; used by both commands below
  (and (eq (current-buffer) (get-buffer gnus-summary-buffer))
       (gnus-summary-select-article))   ; get article of current line
  ;; Preserve selected buffer, but do not do save-window-excursion,
  ;; since we want to see any window created by the form.  Temporarily
  ;; select the article buffer, so we can see any point movement.
  (let ((sb (window-buffer (selected-window))))
    (gnus-configure-windows 'article)
    (pop-to-buffer gnus-article-buffer)
    (widen)
    ;; Skip headers for ffap-gnus-next (which will wrap around)
    (if (eq (point) (point-min)) (search-forward "\n\n" nil t))
    (unwind-protect
        (eval form)
      (pop-to-buffer sb))))

(defun ffap-gnus-next ()
  "Run `ffap-next' in the gnus article buffer."
  (interactive) (ffap-gnus-wrapper '(ffap-next nil t)))

(defun ffap-gnus-menu ()
  "Run `ffap-menu' in the gnus article buffer."
  (interactive) (ffap-gnus-wrapper '(ffap-menu)))

\f

;;;###autoload
(defun dired-at-point (&optional filename)
  "Start Dired, defaulting to file at point.  See `ffap'.
If `dired-at-point-require-prefix' is set, the prefix meaning is reversed."
  (interactive)
  (if (and (called-interactively-p 'interactive)
           (if dired-at-point-require-prefix
               (not current-prefix-arg)
             current-prefix-arg))
      (let (current-prefix-arg)         ; already interpreted
        (call-interactively ffap-directory-finder))
    (or filename (setq filename (dired-at-point-prompter)))
    (cond
     ((ffap-url-p filename)
      (funcall ffap-url-fetcher filename))
     ((and ffap-dired-wildcards
           (string-match ffap-dired-wildcards filename))
      (funcall ffap-directory-finder filename))
     ((file-exists-p filename)
      (if (file-directory-p filename)
          (funcall ffap-directory-finder
                   (expand-file-name filename))
        (funcall ffap-directory-finder
                 (concat (expand-file-name filename) "*"))))
     ((and (file-writable-p
            (or (file-name-directory (directory-file-name filename))
                filename))
           (y-or-n-p "Directory does not exist, create it? "))
      (make-directory filename)
      (funcall ffap-directory-finder filename))
     ((error "No such file or directory `%s'" filename)))))

(defun dired-at-point-prompter (&optional guess)
  ;; Does guess and prompt step for find-file-at-point.
  ;; Extra complication for the temporary highlighting.
  (unwind-protect
      (ffap-read-file-or-url
       (cond
        ((eq ffap-directory-finder 'list-directory)
         "List directory (brief): ")
        (ffap-url-regexp "Dired file or URL: ")
        (t "Dired file: "))
       (prog1
           (setq guess (or guess
                           (let ((guess (ffap-guesser)))
                             (if (or (not guess)
                                     (ffap-url-p guess)
                                     (ffap-file-remote-p guess))
                                 guess
                               (setq guess (abbreviate-file-name
                                            (expand-file-name guess)))
                               (cond
                                ;; Interpret local directory as a directory.
                                ((file-directory-p guess)
                                 (file-name-as-directory guess))
                                ;; Get directory component from local files.
                                ((file-regular-p guess)
                                 (file-name-directory guess))
                                (guess))))
                           ))
         (and guess (ffap-highlight))))
    (ffap-highlight t)))
\f
;;; ffap-dired-other-*, ffap-list-directory commands:

(defun ffap-dired-other-window ()
  "Like `dired-at-point', but put buffer in another window.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let (value)
    (switch-to-buffer-other-window
     (save-window-excursion
       (setq value (call-interactively 'dired-at-point))
       (current-buffer)))
    value))

(defun ffap-dired-other-frame ()
  "Like `dired-at-point', but put buffer in another frame.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  ;; Extra code works around dedicated windows (noted by JENS, 7/96):
  (let* ((win (selected-window))
         (wdp (window-dedicated-p win))
         value)
    (unwind-protect
        (progn
          (set-window-dedicated-p win nil)
          (switch-to-buffer-other-frame
           (save-window-excursion
             (setq value (call-interactively 'dired-at-point))
             (current-buffer))))
      (set-window-dedicated-p win wdp))
    value))

(defun ffap-list-directory ()
  "Like `dired-at-point' and `list-directory'.
Only intended for interactive use."
  (interactive)
  (let ((ffap-directory-finder 'list-directory))
    (call-interactively 'dired-at-point)))

\f
;;; Hooks to put in `file-name-at-point-functions':

;;;###autoload
(defun ffap-guess-file-name-at-point ()
  "Try to get a file name at point.
This hook is intended to be put in `file-name-at-point-functions'."
  (when (fboundp 'ffap-guesser)
    ;; Logic from `ffap-read-file-or-url' and `dired-at-point-prompter'.
    (let ((guess (ffap-guesser)))
      (setq guess
            (if (or (not guess)
                    (and (fboundp 'ffap-url-p)
                         (ffap-url-p guess))
                    (and (fboundp 'ffap-file-remote-p)
                         (ffap-file-remote-p guess)))
                guess
              (abbreviate-file-name (expand-file-name guess))))
      (when guess
        (if (file-directory-p guess)
            (file-name-as-directory guess)
          guess)))))

\f
;;; Offer default global bindings (`ffap-bindings'):

(defvar ffap-bindings
   '((global-set-key [S-mouse-3] 'ffap-at-mouse)
     (global-set-key [C-S-mouse-3] 'ffap-menu)

     (global-set-key "\C-x\C-f" 'find-file-at-point)
     (global-set-key "\C-x\C-r" 'ffap-read-only)
     (global-set-key "\C-x\C-v" 'ffap-alternate-file)

     (global-set-key "\C-x4f"   'ffap-other-window)
     (global-set-key "\C-x5f"   'ffap-other-frame)
     (global-set-key "\C-x4r"   'ffap-read-only-other-window)
     (global-set-key "\C-x5r"   'ffap-read-only-other-frame)

     (global-set-key "\C-xd"    'dired-at-point)
     (global-set-key "\C-x4d"   'ffap-dired-other-window)
     (global-set-key "\C-x5d"   'ffap-dired-other-frame)
     (global-set-key "\C-x\C-d" 'ffap-list-directory)

     (add-hook 'gnus-summary-mode-hook 'ffap-gnus-hook)
     (add-hook 'gnus-article-mode-hook 'ffap-gnus-hook)
     (add-hook 'vm-mode-hook 'ffap-ro-mode-hook)
     (add-hook 'rmail-mode-hook 'ffap-ro-mode-hook))
     "List of binding forms evaluated by function `ffap-bindings'.
A reasonable ffap installation needs just this one line:
  (ffap-bindings)
Of course if you do not like these bindings, just roll your own!")

;;;###autoload
(defun ffap-bindings ()
  "Evaluate the forms in variable `ffap-bindings'."
  (interactive)
  (eval (cons 'progn ffap-bindings)))

\f
(provide 'ffap)

;;; ffap.el ends here