1 /* Lock files for editing.
2 Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1993-1994, 1996, 1998-2013 Free Software
5 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
7 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
22 #include <sys/types.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
42 #include "character.h"
47 #ifdef CLASH_DETECTION
53 /* A file whose last-modified time is just after the most recent boot.
54 Define this to be NULL to disable checking for this file. */
55 #ifndef BOOT_TIME_FILE
56 #define BOOT_TIME_FILE "/var/run/random-seed"
60 #define WTMP_FILE "/var/log/wtmp"
63 /* The strategy: to lock a file FN, create a symlink .#FN in FN's
64 directory, with link data `user@host.pid'. This avoids a single
65 mount (== failure) point for lock files.
67 When the host in the lock data is the current host, we can check if
68 the pid is valid with kill.
70 Otherwise, we could look at a separate file that maps hostnames to
71 reboot times to see if the remote pid can possibly be valid, since we
72 don't want Emacs to have to communicate via pipes or sockets or
73 whatever to other processes, either locally or remotely; rms says
74 that's too unreliable. Hence the separate file, which could
75 theoretically be updated by daemons running separately -- but this
76 whole idea is unimplemented; in practice, at least in our
77 environment, it seems such stale locks arise fairly infrequently, and
78 Emacs' standard methods of dealing with clashes suffice.
80 We use symlinks instead of normal files because (1) they can be
81 stored more efficiently on the filesystem, since the kernel knows
82 they will be small, and (2) all the info about the lock can be read
83 in a single system call (readlink). Although we could use regular
84 files to be useful on old systems lacking symlinks, nowadays
85 virtually all such systems are probably single-user anyway, so it
86 didn't seem worth the complication.
88 Similarly, we don't worry about a possible 14-character limit on
89 file names, because those are all the same systems that don't have
92 This is compatible with the locking scheme used by Interleaf (which
93 has contributed this implementation for Emacs), and was designed by
94 Ethan Jacobson, Kimbo Mundy, and others.
96 --karl@cs.umb.edu/karl@hq.ileaf.com. */
99 /* Return the time of the last system boot. */
101 static time_t boot_time
;
102 static bool boot_time_initialized
;
105 static void get_boot_time_1 (const char *, bool);
111 #if defined (BOOT_TIME)
115 if (boot_time_initialized
)
117 boot_time_initialized
= 1;
119 #if defined (CTL_KERN) && defined (KERN_BOOTTIME)
123 struct timeval boottime_val
;
126 mib
[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME
;
127 size
= sizeof (boottime_val
);
129 if (sysctl (mib
, 2, &boottime_val
, &size
, NULL
, 0) >= 0)
131 boot_time
= boottime_val
.tv_sec
;
135 #endif /* defined (CTL_KERN) && defined (KERN_BOOTTIME) */
140 if (stat (BOOT_TIME_FILE
, &st
) == 0)
142 boot_time
= st
.st_mtime
;
147 #if defined (BOOT_TIME)
149 /* The utmp routines maintain static state.
150 Don't touch that state unless we are initialized,
151 since it might not survive dumping. */
154 #endif /* not CANNOT_DUMP */
156 /* Try to get boot time from utmp before wtmp,
157 since utmp is typically much smaller than wtmp.
158 Passing a null pointer causes get_boot_time_1
159 to inspect the default file, namely utmp. */
160 get_boot_time_1 ((char *) 0, 0);
164 /* Try to get boot time from the current wtmp file. */
165 get_boot_time_1 (WTMP_FILE
, 1);
167 /* If we did not find a boot time in wtmp, look at wtmp, and so on. */
168 for (counter
= 0; counter
< 20 && ! boot_time
; counter
++)
170 char cmd_string
[sizeof WTMP_FILE
".19.gz"];
171 Lisp_Object tempname
, filename
;
172 bool delete_flag
= 0;
176 tempname
= make_formatted_string
177 (cmd_string
, "%s.%d", WTMP_FILE
, counter
);
178 if (! NILP (Ffile_exists_p (tempname
)))
182 tempname
= make_formatted_string (cmd_string
, "%s.%d.gz",
184 if (! NILP (Ffile_exists_p (tempname
)))
188 /* The utmp functions on mescaline.gnu.org accept only
189 file names up to 8 characters long. Choose a 2
190 character long prefix, and call make_temp_file with
191 second arg non-zero, so that it will add not more
192 than 6 characters to the prefix. */
193 filename
= Fexpand_file_name (build_string ("wt"),
194 Vtemporary_file_directory
);
195 filename
= make_temp_name (filename
, 1);
196 args
[0] = build_string ("gzip");
198 args
[2] = list2 (QCfile
, filename
);
200 args
[4] = build_string ("-cd");
202 Fcall_process (6, args
);
207 if (! NILP (filename
))
209 get_boot_time_1 (SSDATA (filename
), 1);
211 unlink (SSDATA (filename
));
222 /* Try to get the boot time from wtmp file FILENAME.
223 This succeeds if that file contains a reboot record.
225 If FILENAME is zero, use the same file as before;
226 if no FILENAME has ever been specified, this is the utmp file.
227 Use the newest reboot record if NEWEST,
228 the first reboot record otherwise.
229 Ignore all reboot records on or before BOOT_TIME.
230 Success is indicated by setting BOOT_TIME to a larger value. */
233 get_boot_time_1 (const char *filename
, bool newest
)
235 struct utmp ut
, *utp
;
240 /* On some versions of IRIX, opening a nonexistent file name
241 is likely to crash in the utmp routines. */
242 desc
= emacs_open (filename
, O_RDONLY
, 0);
255 /* Find the next reboot record. */
256 ut
.ut_type
= BOOT_TIME
;
260 /* Compare reboot times and use the newest one. */
261 if (utp
->ut_time
> boot_time
)
263 boot_time
= utp
->ut_time
;
267 /* Advance on element in the file
268 so that getutid won't repeat the same one. */
275 #endif /* BOOT_TIME */
277 /* Here is the structure that stores information about a lock. */
287 /* Free the two dynamically-allocated pieces in PTR. */
288 #define FREE_LOCK_INFO(i) do { xfree ((i).user); xfree ((i).host); } while (0)
291 /* Write the name of the lock file for FN into LFNAME. Length will be
292 that of FN plus two more for the leading `.#' plus 1 for the
293 trailing period plus one for the digit after it plus one for the
295 #define MAKE_LOCK_NAME(lock, file) \
296 (lock = alloca (SBYTES (file) + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1), \
297 fill_in_lock_file_name (lock, (file)))
300 fill_in_lock_file_name (register char *lockfile
, register Lisp_Object fn
)
302 ptrdiff_t length
= SBYTES (fn
);
307 strcpy (lockfile
, SSDATA (fn
));
309 /* Shift the nondirectory part of the file name (including the null)
310 right two characters. Here is one of the places where we'd have to
311 do something to support 14-character-max file names. */
312 for (p
= lockfile
+ length
; p
!= lockfile
&& *p
!= '/'; p
--)
315 /* Insert the `.#'. */
321 while (lstat (lockfile
, &st
) == 0 && !S_ISLNK (st
.st_mode
))
328 sprintf (p
, ".%d", count
++);
332 /* Lock the lock file named LFNAME.
333 If FORCE, do so even if it is already locked.
334 Return true if successful. */
337 lock_file_1 (char *lfname
, bool force
)
343 /* Call this first because it can GC. */
344 printmax_t boot
= get_boot_time ();
346 Lisp_Object luser_name
= Fuser_login_name (Qnil
);
347 char const *user_name
= STRINGP (luser_name
) ? SSDATA (luser_name
) : "";
348 Lisp_Object lhost_name
= Fsystem_name ();
349 char const *host_name
= STRINGP (lhost_name
) ? SSDATA (lhost_name
) : "";
350 ptrdiff_t lock_info_size
= (strlen (user_name
) + strlen (host_name
)
351 + 2 * INT_STRLEN_BOUND (printmax_t
)
353 char *lock_info_str
= SAFE_ALLOCA (lock_info_size
);
354 printmax_t pid
= getpid ();
356 esprintf (lock_info_str
, boot
? "%s@%s.%"pMd
":%"pMd
: "%s@%s.%"pMd
,
357 user_name
, host_name
, pid
, boot
);
359 err
= symlink (lock_info_str
, lfname
);
360 if (errno
== EEXIST
&& force
)
363 err
= symlink (lock_info_str
, lfname
);
366 symlink_errno
= errno
;
368 errno
= symlink_errno
;
372 /* Return true if times A and B are no more than one second apart. */
375 within_one_second (time_t a
, time_t b
)
377 return (a
- b
>= -1 && a
- b
<= 1);
380 /* Return 0 if nobody owns the lock file LFNAME or the lock is obsolete,
381 1 if another process owns it (and set OWNER (if non-null) to info),
382 2 if the current process owns it,
383 or -1 if something is wrong with the locking mechanism. */
386 current_lock_owner (lock_info_type
*owner
, char *lfname
)
390 lock_info_type local_owner
;
392 char *at
, *dot
, *colon
;
393 Lisp_Object lfinfo_object
= emacs_readlinkat (AT_FDCWD
, lfname
);
397 /* If nonexistent lock file, all is well; otherwise, got strange error. */
398 if (NILP (lfinfo_object
))
399 return errno
== ENOENT
? 0 : -1;
400 lfinfo
= SSDATA (lfinfo_object
);
402 /* Even if the caller doesn't want the owner info, we still have to
403 read it to determine return value. */
405 owner
= &local_owner
;
407 /* Parse USER@HOST.PID:BOOT_TIME. If can't parse, return -1. */
408 /* The USER is everything before the last @. */
409 at
= strrchr (lfinfo
, '@');
410 dot
= strrchr (lfinfo
, '.');
414 GCPRO1 (lfinfo_object
);
415 owner
->user
= xmalloc (len
+ 1);
416 memcpy (owner
->user
, lfinfo
, len
);
417 owner
->user
[len
] = 0;
419 /* The PID is everything from the last `.' to the `:'. */
421 n
= strtoimax (dot
+ 1, NULL
, 10);
423 ((0 <= n
&& n
<= TYPE_MAXIMUM (pid_t
)
424 && (TYPE_MAXIMUM (pid_t
) < INTMAX_MAX
|| errno
!= ERANGE
))
427 colon
= strchr (dot
+ 1, ':');
428 /* After the `:', if there is one, comes the boot time. */
433 n
= strtoimax (colon
+ 1, NULL
, 10);
436 ((0 <= n
&& n
<= TYPE_MAXIMUM (time_t)
437 && (TYPE_MAXIMUM (time_t) < INTMAX_MAX
|| errno
!= ERANGE
))
440 /* The host is everything in between. */
442 owner
->host
= xmalloc (len
+ 1);
443 memcpy (owner
->host
, at
+ 1, len
);
444 owner
->host
[len
] = 0;
446 /* We're done looking at the link info. */
449 /* On current host? */
450 if (STRINGP (Fsystem_name ())
451 && strcmp (owner
->host
, SSDATA (Fsystem_name ())) == 0)
453 if (owner
->pid
== getpid ())
454 ret
= 2; /* We own it. */
455 else if (owner
->pid
> 0
456 && (kill (owner
->pid
, 0) >= 0 || errno
== EPERM
)
457 && (owner
->boot_time
== 0
458 || within_one_second (owner
->boot_time
, get_boot_time ())))
459 ret
= 1; /* An existing process on this machine owns it. */
460 /* The owner process is dead or has a strange pid (<=0), so try to
462 else if (unlink (lfname
) < 0)
468 { /* If we wanted to support the check for stale locks on remote machines,
469 here's where we'd do it. */
474 if (owner
== &local_owner
|| ret
<= 0)
476 FREE_LOCK_INFO (*owner
);
482 /* Lock the lock named LFNAME if possible.
483 Return 0 in that case.
484 Return positive if some other process owns the lock, and info about
485 that process in CLASHER.
486 Return -1 if cannot lock for any other reason. */
489 lock_if_free (lock_info_type
*clasher
, register char *lfname
)
491 while (! lock_file_1 (lfname
, 0))
498 locker
= current_lock_owner (clasher
, lfname
);
501 FREE_LOCK_INFO (*clasher
);
502 return 0; /* We ourselves locked it. */
504 else if (locker
== 1)
505 return 1; /* Someone else has it. */
506 else if (locker
== -1)
507 return -1; /* current_lock_owner returned strange error. */
509 /* We deleted a stale lock; try again to lock the file. */
514 /* lock_file locks file FN,
515 meaning it serves notice on the world that you intend to edit that file.
516 This should be done only when about to modify a file-visiting
517 buffer previously unmodified.
518 Do not (normally) call this for a buffer already modified,
519 as either the file is already locked, or the user has already
520 decided to go ahead without locking.
522 When this returns, either the lock is locked for us,
523 or the user has said to go ahead without locking.
525 If the file is locked by someone else, this calls
526 ask-user-about-lock (a Lisp function) with two arguments,
527 the file name and info about the user who did the locking.
528 This function can signal an error, or return t meaning
529 take away the lock, or return nil meaning ignore the lock. */
532 lock_file (Lisp_Object fn
)
534 register Lisp_Object attack
, orig_fn
, encoded_fn
;
535 register char *lfname
, *locker
;
536 ptrdiff_t locker_size
;
537 lock_info_type lock_info
;
542 /* Don't do locking if the user has opted out. */
543 if (! create_lockfiles
)
546 /* Don't do locking while dumping Emacs.
547 Uncompressing wtmp files uses call-process, which does not work
548 in an uninitialized Emacs. */
549 if (! NILP (Vpurify_flag
))
554 fn
= Fexpand_file_name (fn
, Qnil
);
555 encoded_fn
= ENCODE_FILE (fn
);
557 /* Create the name of the lock-file for file fn */
558 MAKE_LOCK_NAME (lfname
, encoded_fn
);
560 /* See if this file is visited and has changed on disk since it was
563 register Lisp_Object subject_buf
;
565 subject_buf
= get_truename_buffer (orig_fn
);
567 if (!NILP (subject_buf
)
568 && NILP (Fverify_visited_file_modtime (subject_buf
))
569 && !NILP (Ffile_exists_p (fn
)))
570 call1 (intern ("ask-user-about-supersession-threat"), fn
);
575 /* Try to lock the lock. */
576 if (lock_if_free (&lock_info
, lfname
) <= 0)
577 /* Return now if we have locked it, or if lock creation failed */
580 /* Else consider breaking the lock */
581 locker_size
= (strlen (lock_info
.user
) + strlen (lock_info
.host
)
582 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (printmax_t
)
583 + sizeof "@ (pid )");
584 locker
= SAFE_ALLOCA (locker_size
);
586 esprintf (locker
, "%s@%s (pid %"pMd
")",
587 lock_info
.user
, lock_info
.host
, pid
);
588 FREE_LOCK_INFO (lock_info
);
590 attack
= call2 (intern ("ask-user-about-lock"), fn
, build_string (locker
));
593 /* User says take the lock */
595 lock_file_1 (lfname
, 1);
598 /* User says ignore the lock */
602 unlock_file (register Lisp_Object fn
)
604 register char *lfname
;
606 fn
= Fexpand_file_name (fn
, Qnil
);
607 fn
= ENCODE_FILE (fn
);
609 MAKE_LOCK_NAME (lfname
, fn
);
611 if (current_lock_owner (0, lfname
) == 2)
616 unlock_all_files (void)
618 register Lisp_Object tail
;
619 register struct buffer
*b
;
621 for (tail
= Vbuffer_alist
; CONSP (tail
); tail
= XCDR (tail
))
623 b
= XBUFFER (XCDR (XCAR (tail
)));
624 if (STRINGP (BVAR (b
, file_truename
)) && BUF_SAVE_MODIFF (b
) < BUF_MODIFF (b
))
626 unlock_file (BVAR (b
, file_truename
));
631 DEFUN ("lock-buffer", Flock_buffer
, Slock_buffer
,
633 doc
: /* Lock FILE, if current buffer is modified.
634 FILE defaults to current buffer's visited file,
635 or else nothing is done if current buffer isn't visiting a file. */)
639 file
= BVAR (current_buffer
, file_truename
);
642 if (SAVE_MODIFF
< MODIFF
648 DEFUN ("unlock-buffer", Funlock_buffer
, Sunlock_buffer
,
650 doc
: /* Unlock the file visited in the current buffer.
651 If the buffer is not modified, this does nothing because the file
652 should not be locked in that case. */)
655 if (SAVE_MODIFF
< MODIFF
656 && STRINGP (BVAR (current_buffer
, file_truename
)))
657 unlock_file (BVAR (current_buffer
, file_truename
));
661 /* Unlock the file visited in buffer BUFFER. */
664 unlock_buffer (struct buffer
*buffer
)
666 if (BUF_SAVE_MODIFF (buffer
) < BUF_MODIFF (buffer
)
667 && STRINGP (BVAR (buffer
, file_truename
)))
668 unlock_file (BVAR (buffer
, file_truename
));
671 DEFUN ("file-locked-p", Ffile_locked_p
, Sfile_locked_p
, 1, 1, 0,
672 doc
: /* Return a value indicating whether FILENAME is locked.
673 The value is nil if the FILENAME is not locked,
674 t if it is locked by you, else a string saying which user has locked it. */)
675 (Lisp_Object filename
)
678 register char *lfname
;
680 lock_info_type locker
;
682 filename
= Fexpand_file_name (filename
, Qnil
);
684 MAKE_LOCK_NAME (lfname
, filename
);
686 owner
= current_lock_owner (&locker
, lfname
);
692 ret
= build_string (locker
.user
);
695 FREE_LOCK_INFO (locker
);
700 #endif /* CLASH_DETECTION */
703 syms_of_filelock (void)
705 DEFVAR_LISP ("temporary-file-directory", Vtemporary_file_directory
,
706 doc
: /* The directory for writing temporary files. */);
707 Vtemporary_file_directory
= Qnil
;
709 DEFVAR_BOOL ("create-lockfiles", create_lockfiles
,
710 doc
: /* Non-nil means use lockfiles to avoid editing collisions. */);
711 create_lockfiles
= 1;
713 #ifdef CLASH_DETECTION
714 defsubr (&Sunlock_buffer
);
715 defsubr (&Slock_buffer
);
716 defsubr (&Sfile_locked_p
);