lisp/language/ethio-util.el

   1 ;;; ethio-util.el --- utilities for Ethiopic -*- coding: iso-2022-7bit; -*-
   2
   3 ;; Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
   4 ;;   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5 ;; Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
   6 ;;   2006, 2007, 2008
   7 ;;   National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
   8 ;;   Registration Number H14PRO021
   9
  10 ;; Keywords: mule, multilingual, Ethiopic
  11
  12 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
  13
  14 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  15 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  16 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
  17 ;; any later version.
  18
  19 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  20 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  21 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  22 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
  23
  24 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  25 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
  26 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
  27 ;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
  28
  29 ;; Author: TAKAHASHI Naoto <ntakahas@m17n.org>
  30
  31 ;;; Commentary:
  32
  33 ;;; Code:
  34
  35 (defvar rmail-current-message)
  36 (defvar rmail-message-vector)
  37
  38 ;; Information for exiting Ethiopic environment.
  39 (defvar exit-ethiopic-environment-data nil)
  40
  41 ;;;###autoload
  42 (defun setup-ethiopic-environment-internal ()
  43   (let ((key-bindings '((" " . ethio-insert-space)
  44                         ([?\S- ] . ethio-insert-ethio-space)
  45                         ([?\C-'] . ethio-gemination)
  46
  47                         ;; these old bindings conflict
  48                         ;; with Emacs' binding policy
  49
  50                         ;; ([f2] . ethio-toggle-space)
  51                         ;; ([S-f2] . ethio-replace-space) ; as requested
  52                         ;; ([f3] . ethio-toggle-punctuation)
  53                         ;; ([f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer)
  54                         ;; ([S-f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-region)
  55                         ;; ([C-f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail-or-marker)
  56                         ;; ([f5] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer)
  57                         ;; ([S-f5] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-region)
  58                         ;; ([C-f5] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail-or-marker)
  59                         ;; ([f6] . ethio-modify-vowel)
  60                         ;; ([f7] . ethio-replace-space)
  61                         ;; ([f8] . ethio-input-special-character)
  62
  63                         ;; this is the rewritten bindings
  64
  65                         ([f3] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer)
  66                         ([S-f3] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-region)
  67                         ([C-f3] . ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail-or-marker)
  68                         ([f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer)
  69                         ([S-f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-region)
  70                         ([C-f4] . ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail-or-marker)
  71                         ([S-f5] . ethio-toggle-punctuation)
  72                         ([S-f6] . ethio-modify-vowel)
  73                         ([S-f7] . ethio-replace-space)
  74                         ([S-f8] . ethio-input-special-character)
  75                         ([C-f9] . ethio-toggle-space)
  76                         ([S-f9] . ethio-replace-space) ; as requested
  77                         ))
  78         kb)
  79     (while key-bindings
  80       (setq kb (car (car key-bindings)))
  81       (setq exit-ethiopic-environment-data
  82             (cons (cons kb (global-key-binding kb))
  83                   exit-ethiopic-environment-data))
  84       (global-set-key kb (cdr (car key-bindings)))
  85       (setq key-bindings (cdr key-bindings))))
  86
  87   (add-hook 'quail-activate-hook 'ethio-select-a-translation)
  88   (add-hook 'find-file-hook 'ethio-find-file)
  89   (add-hook 'write-file-functions 'ethio-write-file)
  90   (add-hook 'after-save-hook 'ethio-find-file))
  91
  92 (defun exit-ethiopic-environment ()
  93   "Exit Ethiopic language environment."
  94   (while exit-ethiopic-environment-data
  95     (global-set-key (car (car exit-ethiopic-environment-data))
  96                     (cdr (car exit-ethiopic-environment-data)))
  97     (setq exit-ethiopic-environment-data
  98           (cdr exit-ethiopic-environment-data)))
  99
 100   (remove-hook 'quail-activate-hook 'ethio-select-a-translation)
 101   (remove-hook 'find-file-hook 'ethio-find-file)
 102   (remove-hook 'write-file-functions 'ethio-write-file)
 103   (remove-hook 'after-save-hook 'ethio-find-file))
 104
 105 ;;
 106 ;; ETHIOPIC UTILITY FUNCTIONS
 107 ;;
 108
 109 ;; If the filename ends in ".sera", editing is done in fidel
 110 ;; but file I/O is done in SERA.
 111 ;;
 112 ;; If the filename ends in ".java", editing is done in fidel
 113 ;; but file I/O is done in the \uXXXX style, where XXXX is
 114 ;; the Unicode codepoint for the Ethiopic character.
 115 ;;
 116 ;; If the filename ends in ".tex", editing is done in fidel
 117 ;; but file I/O is done in EthioTeX format.
 118 ;;
 119 ;; To automatically convert Ethiopic text to SERA format when sending mail,
 120 ;;   (add-hook 'mail-send-hook 'ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail)
 121 ;;
 122 ;; To automatically convert SERA format to Ethiopic when receiving mail,
 123 ;;   (add-hook 'rmail-show-message-hook 'ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail)
 124 ;;
 125 ;; To automatically convert Ethiopic text to SERA format when posting news,
 126 ;;   (add-hook 'news-inews-hook 'ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail)
 127
 128 ;;
 129 ;; users' preference
 130 ;;
 131
 132 (defvar ethio-primary-language 'tigrigna
 133   "*Symbol that defines the primary language in SERA --> FIDEL conversion.
 134 The value should be one of: `tigrigna', `amharic' or `english'.")
 135
 136 (defvar ethio-secondary-language 'english
 137   "*Symbol that defines the secondary language in SERA --> FIDEL conversion.
 138 The value should be one of: `tigrigna', `amharic' or `english'.")
 139
 140 (defvar ethio-use-colon-for-colon nil
 141   "*Non-nil means associate ASCII colon with Ethiopic colon.
 142 If nil, associate ASCII colon with Ethiopic word separator, i.e., two
 143 vertically stacked dots.  All SERA <--> FIDEL converters refer this
 144 variable.")
 145
 146 (defvar ethio-use-three-dot-question nil
 147   "*Non-nil means associate ASCII question mark with Ethiopic old style question mark (three vertically stacked dots).
 148 If nil, associate ASCII question mark with Ethiopic stylized question
 149 mark.  All SERA <--> FIDEL converters refer this variable.")
 150
 151 (defvar ethio-quote-vowel-always nil
 152   "*Non-nil means always put an apostrophe before an isolated vowel (except at word initial) in FIDEL --> SERA conversion.
 153 If nil, put an apostrophe only between a sixth-form consonant and an
 154 isolated vowel.")
 155
 156 (defvar ethio-W-sixth-always nil
 157   "*Non-nil means convert the Wu-form of a 12-form consonant to \"W'\" instead of \"Wu\" in FIDEL --> SERA conversion.")
 158
 159 (defvar ethio-numeric-reduction 0
 160   "*Degree of reduction in converting Ethiopic digits into Arabic digits.
 161 Should be 0, 1 or 2.
 162 For example, ({10}{9}{100}{80}{7}) is converted into:
 163     `10`9`100`80`7  if `ethio-numeric-reduction' is 0,
 164     `109100807      if `ethio-numeric-reduction' is 1,
 165     `10900807       if `ethio-numeric-reduction' is 2.")
 166
 167 (defvar ethio-implicit-period-conversion t
 168   "*Non-nil means replacing the Ethiopic dot at the end of an Ethiopic sentence
 169 with an Ethiopic full stop.")
 170
 171 (defvar ethio-java-save-lowercase nil
 172   "*Non-nil means save Ethiopic characters in lowercase hex numbers to Java files.
 173 If nil, use uppercases.")
 174
 175 ;;
 176 ;; SERA to FIDEL
 177 ;;
 178
 179 (defconst ethio-sera-to-fidel-table
 180   [
 181    nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil
 182    nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil
 183 ;;; SP
 184    (" "
 185     (?: (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon " \e$(3$l\e(B" "\e$(3$h\e(B")
 186         (32 (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon " \e$(3$l\e(B " "\e$(3$h\e(B"))
 187         (?- " \e$(3$m\e(B")
 188         (?: " \e$(3$i\e(B")
 189         (?| (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon " \e$(3$l\e(B|" " \e$(3$h\e(B|")
 190             (?: " \e$(3$o\e(B"))))
 191
 192 ;;; !   "   #   $   %   &    '
 193    nil nil nil nil nil nil ("" (?' "\e$(3%s\e(B"))
 194 ;;; (   )   *   +    ,      -               .
 195    nil nil nil nil ("\e$(3$j\e(B") ("-" (?: "\e$(3$l\e(B")) ("\e$(3%u\e(B")
 196 ;;;  /   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9
 197     nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil nil
 198 ;;; :
 199    ((if ethio-use-colon-for-colon "\e$(3$l\e(B" "\e$(3$h\e(B")
 200     (32 (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon "\e$(3$l\e(B " "\e$(3$h\e(B"))
 201     (?- "\e$(3$m\e(B")
 202     (?: "\e$(3$i\e(B")
 203     (?| (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon "\e$(3$l\e(B|" "\e$(3$h\e(B|")
 204         (?: "\e$(3$o\e(B")))
 205 ;;;  ;      <              =    >
 206    ("\e$(3$k\e(B") ("<" (?< "\e$(3%v\e(B")) nil (">" (?> "\e$(3%w\e(B"))
 207 ;;; ?
 208    ((if ethio-use-three-dot-question "\e$(3$n\e(B" "\e$(3%x\e(B"))
 209 ;;; @
 210     nil
 211 ;;; A
 212    ("\e$(3"f\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#8\e(B"))
 213 ;;; B
 214    ("\e$(3"(\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"#\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"$\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"%\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"&\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"'\e(B") (?o "\e$(3")\e(B")
 215          (?W "\e$(3%b\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%2\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%b\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%B\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"*\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%R\e(B")))
 216 ;;; C
 217    ("\e$(3$4\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$/\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$0\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$1\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$2\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$3\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$5\e(B")
 218          (?W "\e$(3$6\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$6\e(B")
 219                   (?e "\e$(3$4%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$4%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$4%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$4%q\e(B")))
 220 ;;; D
 221    ("\e$(3#b\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#]\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#^\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#_\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#`\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#a\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#c\e(B")
 222          (?W "\e$(3#d\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#d\e(B")
 223                   (?e "\e$(3#b%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#b%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#b%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#b%q\e(B")))
 224 ;;; E
 225    ("\e$(3"g\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#9\e(B"))
 226 ;;; F
 227    ("\e$(3$T\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$O\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$P\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$Q\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$R\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$S\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$U\e(B")
 228          (?W "\e$(3%d\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%4\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%d\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%D\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$V\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%T\e(B"))
 229          (?Y "\e$(3$a\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$a\e(B")))
 230 ;;; G
 231    ("\e$(3$$\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#}\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#~\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$!\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$"\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$#\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$%\e(B")
 232          (?W "\e$(3%c\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%3\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%c\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%C\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$&\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%S\e(B")))
 233 ;;; H
 234    ("\e$(3!6\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!1\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!2\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!3\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!4\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!5\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!7\e(B")
 235          (?W "\e$(3!8\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!8\e(B")
 236                   (?e "\e$(3!6%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!6%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!6%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!6%q\e(B")))
 237 ;;; I
 238    ("\e$(3"h\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#:\e(B"))
 239 ;;; J
 240    ("\e$(3#j\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#e\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#f\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#g\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#h\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#i\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#k\e(B")
 241          (?W "\e$(3#l\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#l\e(B")
 242                   (?e "\e$(3#j%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#j%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#j%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#j%q\e(B")))
 243 ;;; K
 244    ("\e$(3#"\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"{\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"|\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"}\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"~\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#!\e(B") (?o "\e$(3##\e(B")
 245          (?W "\e$(3#*\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#%\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#*\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#'\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#(\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#)\e(B")))
 246 ;;; L
 247    ("\e$(3!.\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!)\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!*\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!+\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!,\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!-\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!/\e(B")
 248          (?W "\e$(3!0\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!0\e(B")
 249                   (?e "\e$(3!.%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!.%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!.%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!.%q\e(B")))
 250 ;;; M
 251    ("\e$(3!>\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!9\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!:\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!;\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!<\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!=\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!?\e(B")
 252          (?W "\e$(3%a\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%1\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%a\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%A\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!@\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%Q\e(B"))
 253          (?Y "\e$(3$_\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$_\e(B")))
 254 ;;; N
 255    ("\e$(3"`\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"[\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"\\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"]\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"^\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"_\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"a\e(B")
 256          (?W "\e$(3"b\e(B" (?a "\e$(3"b\e(B")
 257                   (?e "\e$(3"`%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"`%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"`%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"`%q\e(B")))
 258 ;;; O
 259    ("\e$(3"i\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#;\e(B"))
 260 ;;; P
 261    ("\e$(3$<\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$7\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$8\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$9\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$:\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$;\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$=\e(B")
 262          (?W "\e$(3$>\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$>\e(B")
 263                   (?e "\e$(3$<%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$<%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$<%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$<%q\e(B")))
 264 ;;; Q
 265    ("\e$(3!v\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!q\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!s\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!t\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!u\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!w\e(B")
 266          (?W "\e$(3!~\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!y\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!~\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!{\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!|\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!}\e(B")))
 267 ;;; R
 268    ("\e$(3!N\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!I\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!J\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!K\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!L\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!M\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!O\e(B")
 269          (?W "\e$(3!P\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!P\e(B")
 270                   (?e "\e$(3!N%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!N%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!N%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!N%q\e(B"))
 271          (?Y "\e$(3$`\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$`\e(B")))
 272 ;;; S
 273    ("\e$(3$D\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$?\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$@\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$A\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$B\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$C\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$E\e(B")
 274          (?W "\e$(3$F\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$F\e(B")
 275                   (?e "\e$(3$D%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$D%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$D%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$D%q\e(B"))
 276          (?2 "\e$(3$L\e(B"
 277              (?e "\e$(3$G\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$H\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$I\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$J\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$K\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$M\e(B")
 278              (?W "\e$(3$F\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$F\e(B")
 279                  (?e "\e$(3$L%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$L%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$L%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$L%q\e(B"))))
 280 ;;; T
 281    ("\e$(3$,\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$'\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$(\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$)\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$*\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$+\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$-\e(B")
 282          (?W "\e$(3$.\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$.\e(B")
 283                   (?e "\e$(3$,%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$,%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$,%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$,%q\e(B")))
 284 ;;; U
 285    ("\e$(3"d\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#6\e(B"))
 286 ;;; V
 287    ("\e$(3"0\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"+\e(B") (?u "\e$(3",\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"-\e(B") (?a "\e$(3".\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"/\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"1\e(B")
 288          (?W "\e$(3"2\e(B" (?a "\e$(3"2\e(B")
 289                   (?e "\e$(3"0%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"0%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"0%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"0%q\e(B")))
 290 ;;; W
 291    ("\e$(3%r\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%o\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%p\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%q\e(B"))
 292 ;;; X
 293    ("\e$(3%N\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%I\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%J\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%K\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%L\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%M\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%O\e(B"))
 294 ;;; Y
 295    ("\e$(3#R\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#M\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#N\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#O\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#P\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#Q\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#S\e(B")
 296          (?W "\e$(3#T\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#T\e(B")
 297                   (?e "\e$(3#R%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#R%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#R%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#R%q\e(B")))
 298 ;;; Z
 299    ("\e$(3#J\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#E\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#F\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#G\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#H\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#I\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#K\e(B")
 300          (?W "\e$(3#L\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#L\e(B")
 301                   (?e "\e$(3#J%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#J%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#J%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#J%q\e(B")))
 302 ;;; [   \   ]   ^   _
 303    nil nil nil nil nil
 304 ;;; `
 305    (""
 306     (?: "\e$(3$h\e(B")
 307     (?? (if ethio-use-three-dot-question "\e$(3%x\e(B" "\e$(3$n\e(B"))
 308     (?! "\e$(3%t\e(B")
 309     (?e "\e$(3#5\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#6\e(B") (?U "\e$(3#6\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#7\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#8\e(B") (?A "\e$(3#8\e(B")
 310         (?E "\e$(3#9\e(B") (?I "\e$(3#:\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#;\e(B") (?O "\e$(3#;\e(B")
 311     (?g "\e$(3%^\e(B"
 312         (?e "\e$(3%Y\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%Z\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%[\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%\\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%]\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%_\e(B"))
 313     (?h "\e$(3"H\e(B"
 314         (?e "\e$(3"C\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"D\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"E\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"F\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"G\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"I\e(B")
 315                   (?W "\e$(3"P\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"K\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"P\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"M\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"N\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"O\e(B")))
 316     (?k "\e$(3%>\e(B"
 317         (?e "\e$(3%9\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%:\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%;\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%<\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%=\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%?\e(B"))
 318     (?s "\e$(3!F\e(B"
 319         (?e "\e$(3!A\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!B\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!C\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!D\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!E\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!G\e(B")
 320         (?W "\e$(3!H\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!H\e(B")
 321                    (?e "\e$(3!F%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!F%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!F%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!F%q\e(B")))
 322     (?S "\e$(3$L\e(B"
 323         (?e "\e$(3$G\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$H\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$I\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$J\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$K\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$M\e(B")
 324         (?W "\e$(3$F\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$F\e(B")
 325                  (?e "\e$(3$L%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$L%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$L%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$L%q\e(B")))
 326     (?q "\e$(3%.\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%)\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%*\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%+\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%,\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%-\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%/\e(B")))
 327 ;;; a
 328    ("\e$(3"f\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#8\e(B"))
 329 ;;; b
 330    ("\e$(3"(\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"#\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"$\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"%\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"&\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"'\e(B") (?o "\e$(3")\e(B")
 331          (?W "\e$(3%b\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%2\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%b\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%B\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"*\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%R\e(B")))
 332 ;;; c
 333    ("\e$(3"@\e(B" (?e "\e$(3";\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"<\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"=\e(B") (?a "\e$(3">\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"?\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"A\e(B")
 334          (?W "\e$(3"B\e(B" (?a "\e$(3"B\e(B")
 335                   (?e "\e$(3"@%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"@%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"@%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"@%q\e(B")))
 336 ;;; d
 337    ("\e$(3#Z\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#U\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#V\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#W\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#X\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#Y\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#[\e(B")
 338          (?W "\e$(3#\\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#\\e(B")
 339                   (?e "\e$(3#Z%o\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#Z%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#Z%p\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#Z%q\e(B")))
 340 ;;; e
 341    ("\e$(3"c\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#5\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"j\e(B"))
 342 ;;; f
 343    ("\e$(3$T\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$O\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$P\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$Q\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$R\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$S\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$U\e(B")
 344          (?W "\e$(3%d\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%4\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%d\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%D\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$V\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%T\e(B"))
 345          (?Y "\e$(3$a\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$a\e(B")))
 346 ;;; g
 347    ("\e$(3#r\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#m\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#n\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#o\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#p\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#q\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#s\e(B")
 348          (?W "\e$(3#z\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#u\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#z\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#w\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#x\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#y\e(B"))
 349          (?2 "\e$(3%^\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%Y\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%Z\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%[\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%\\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%]\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%_\e(B")))
 350 ;;; h
 351    ("\e$(3!&\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!!\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!"\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!#\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!$\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!%\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!'\e(B")
 352          (?W "\e$(3"P\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"K\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"P\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"M\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"N\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"O\e(B"))
 353          (?2 "\e$(3"H\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"C\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"D\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"E\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"F\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"G\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"I\e(B")
 354                   (?W "\e$(3"P\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"K\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"P\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"M\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"N\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"O\e(B"))))
 355 ;;; i
 356    ("\e$(3"e\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#7\e(B"))
 357 ;;; j
 358    ("\e$(3#j\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#e\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#f\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#g\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#h\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#i\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#k\e(B")
 359          (?W "\e$(3#l\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#l\e(B")
 360                   (?e "\e$(3#j%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#j%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#j%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#j%q\e(B")))
 361 ;;; k
 362    ("\e$(3"p\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"k\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"l\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"m\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"n\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"o\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"q\e(B")
 363          (?W "\e$(3"x\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"s\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"x\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"u\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"v\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"w\e(B"))
 364          (?2 "\e$(3%>\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%9\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%:\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%;\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%<\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%=\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%?\e(B")))
 365 ;;; l
 366    ("\e$(3!.\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!)\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!*\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!+\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!,\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!-\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!/\e(B")
 367          (?W "\e$(3!0\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!0\e(B")
 368                   (?e "\e$(3!.%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!.%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!.%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!.%q\e(B")))
 369 ;;; m
 370    ("\e$(3!>\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!9\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!:\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!;\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!<\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!=\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!?\e(B")
 371          (?W "\e$(3%a\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%1\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%a\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%A\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!@\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%Q\e(B"))
 372          (?Y "\e$(3$_\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$_\e(B")))
 373 ;;; n
 374    ("\e$(3"X\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"S\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"T\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"U\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"V\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"W\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"Y\e(B")
 375          (?W "\e$(3"Z\e(B" (?a "\e$(3"Z\e(B")
 376                   (?e "\e$(3"X%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"X%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"X%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"X%q\e(B")))
 377 ;;; o
 378    ("\e$(3"i\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#;\e(B"))
 379 ;;; p
 380    ("\e$(3$\\e(B" (?e "\e$(3$W\e(B") (?u "\e$(3$X\e(B") (?i "\e$(3$Y\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$Z\e(B") (?E "\e$(3$[\e(B") (?o "\e$(3$]\e(B")
 381          (?W "\e$(3%e\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%5\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%e\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%E\e(B") (?a "\e$(3$^\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%U\e(B")))
 382 ;;; q
 383    ("\e$(3!f\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!a\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!b\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!c\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!d\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!e\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!g\e(B")
 384          (?W "\e$(3!n\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!i\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!n\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!k\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!l\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!m\e(B"))
 385          (?2 "\e$(3%.\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%)\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%*\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%+\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%,\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%-\e(B") (?o "\e$(3%/\e(B")))
 386 ;;; r
 387    ("\e$(3!N\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!I\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!J\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!K\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!L\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!M\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!O\e(B")
 388          (?W "\e$(3!P\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!P\e(B")
 389                   (?e "\e$(3!N%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!N%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!N%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!N%q\e(B"))
 390          (?Y "\e$(3$`\e(B" (?a "\e$(3$`\e(B")))
 391 ;;; s
 392    ("\e$(3!V\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!Q\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!R\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!S\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!T\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!U\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!W\e(B")
 393          (?W "\e$(3!X\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!X\e(B")
 394                   (?e "\e$(3!V%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!V%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!V%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!V%q\e(B"))
 395          (?2 "\e$(3!F\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!A\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!B\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!C\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!D\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!E\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!G\e(B")
 396                   (?W "\e$(3!H\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!H\e(B")
 397                            (?e "\e$(3!F%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!F%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!F%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!F%q\e(B"))))
 398 ;;; t
 399    ("\e$(3"8\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"3\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"4\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"5\e(B") (?a "\e$(3"6\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"7\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"9\e(B")
 400          (?W "\e$(3":\e(B" (?a "\e$(3":\e(B")
 401                   (?e "\e$(3"8%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"8%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"8%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"8%q\e(B")))
 402 ;;; u
 403    ("\e$(3"d\e(B" (?2 "\e$(3#6\e(B"))
 404 ;;; v
 405    ("\e$(3"0\e(B" (?e "\e$(3"+\e(B") (?u "\e$(3",\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"-\e(B") (?a "\e$(3".\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"/\e(B") (?o "\e$(3"1\e(B")
 406          (?W "\e$(3"2\e(B" (?a "\e$(3"2\e(B")
 407                   (?e "\e$(3"0%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3"0%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3"0%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3"0%q\e(B")))
 408 ;;; w
 409    ("\e$(3#2\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#-\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#.\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#/\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#0\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#1\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#3\e(B")
 410          (?W "\e$(3%p\e(B" (?e "\e$(3%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3%o\e(B") (?a "\e$(3%p\e(B") (?E "\e$(3%q\e(B")))
 411 ;;; x
 412    ("\e$(3!^\e(B" (?e "\e$(3!Y\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!Z\e(B") (?i "\e$(3![\e(B") (?a "\e$(3!\\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!]\e(B") (?o "\e$(3!_\e(B")
 413          (?W "\e$(3!`\e(B" (?a "\e$(3!`\e(B")
 414                   (?e "\e$(3!^%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3!^%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3!^%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3!^%q\e(B")))
 415 ;;; y
 416    ("\e$(3#R\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#M\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#N\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#O\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#P\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#Q\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#S\e(B")
 417          (?W "\e$(3#T\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#T\e(B")
 418                   (?e "\e$(3#R%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#R%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#R%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#R%q\e(B")))
 419 ;;; z
 420    ("\e$(3#B\e(B" (?e "\e$(3#=\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#>\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#?\e(B") (?a "\e$(3#@\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#A\e(B") (?o "\e$(3#C\e(B")
 421          (?W "\e$(3#D\e(B" (?a "\e$(3#D\e(B")
 422                   (?e "\e$(3#B%n\e(B") (?u "\e$(3#B%r\e(B") (?i "\e$(3#B%o\e(B") (?E "\e$(3#B%q\e(B")))
 423 ;;; {   |   }   ~  DEL
 424    nil nil nil nil nil
 425    ])
 426
 427 ;; To avoid byte-compiler warnings.  It should never be set globally.
 428 (defvar ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3)
 429 ;; This variable will be bound by some third-party package.
 430 (defvar sera-being-called-by-w3)
 431
 432 ;;;###autoload
 433 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-region (beg end &optional secondary force)
 434   "Convert the characters in region from SERA to FIDEL.
 435 The variable `ethio-primary-language' specifies the primary language
 436 and `ethio-secondary-language' specifies the secondary.
 437
 438 If the 3rd parameter SECONDARY is given and non-nil, assume the region
 439 begins with the secondary language; otherwise with the primary
 440 language.
 441
 442 If the 4th parameter FORCE is given and non-nil, perform conversion
 443 even if the buffer is read-only.
 444
 445 See also the descriptions of the variables
 446 `ethio-use-colon-for-colon' and
 447 `ethio-use-three-dot-question'."
 448
 449   (interactive "r\nP")
 450   (save-restriction
 451     (narrow-to-region beg end)
 452     (ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer secondary force)))
 453
 454 ;;;###autoload
 455 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer (&optional secondary force)
 456   "Convert the current buffer from SERA to FIDEL.
 457
 458 The variable `ethio-primary-language' specifies the primary
 459 language and `ethio-secondary-language' specifies the secondary.
 460
 461 If the 1st optional parameter SECONDARY is non-nil, assume the buffer
 462 begins with the secondary language; otherwise with the primary
 463 language.
 464
 465 If the 2nd optional parametr FORCE is non-nil, perform conversion even if the
 466 buffer is read-only.
 467
 468 See also the descriptions of the variables
 469 `ethio-use-colon-for-colon' and
 470 `ethio-use-three-dot-question'."
 471
 472   (interactive "P")
 473
 474   (if (and buffer-read-only
 475            (not force)
 476            (not (y-or-n-p "Buffer is read-only.  Force to convert? ")))
 477       (error ""))
 478
 479   (let ((ethio-primary-language ethio-primary-language)
 480         (ethio-secondary-language ethio-secondary-language)
 481         (ethio-use-colon-for-colon ethio-use-colon-for-colon)
 482         (ethio-use-three-dot-question ethio-use-three-dot-question)
 483         ;; The above four variables may be changed temporary
 484         ;; by tilde escapes during conversion.  So we bind them to other
 485         ;; variables but of the same names.
 486         (buffer-read-only nil)
 487         (case-fold-search nil)
 488         current-language
 489         next-language)
 490
 491     (setq current-language
 492           (if secondary
 493               ethio-secondary-language
 494             ethio-primary-language))
 495
 496     (goto-char (point-min))
 497
 498     (while (not (eobp))
 499       (setq next-language
 500             (cond
 501              ((eq current-language 'english)
 502               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-english))
 503              ((eq current-language 'amharic)
 504               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-ethio 'amharic))
 505              ((eq current-language 'tigrigna)
 506               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-ethio 'tigrigna))
 507              (t                         ; we don't know what to do
 508               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-english))))
 509
 510       (setq current-language
 511             (cond
 512
 513              ;; when language tag is explicitly specified
 514              ((not (eq next-language 'toggle))
 515               next-language)
 516
 517              ;; found a toggle in a primary language section
 518              ((eq current-language ethio-primary-language)
 519               ethio-secondary-language)
 520
 521              ;; found a toggle in a secondary, third, fourth, ...
 522              ;; language section
 523              (t
 524               ethio-primary-language))))
 525
 526     ;; If ethio-implicit-period-conversion is non-nil, the
 527     ;; Ethiopic dot "\e$(3%u\e(B" at the end of an Ethiopic sentence is
 528     ;; replaced with the Ethiopic full stop "\e$(3$i\e(B".
 529     (if ethio-implicit-period-conversion
 530         (progn
 531           (goto-char (point-min))
 532           (while (re-search-forward "\\([\e$(3!!\e(B-\e$(3$a%)\e(B-\e$(3%e%n\e(B-\e$(3%r%s\e(B]\\)\e$(3%u\e(B\\([ \t]\\)"
 533                                     nil t)
 534             (replace-match "\\1\e$(3$i\e(B\\2"))
 535           (goto-char (point-min))
 536           (while (re-search-forward "\\([\e$(3!!\e(B-\e$(3$a%)\e(B-\e$(3%e%n\e(B-\e$(3%r%s\e(B]\\)\e$(3%u\e(B$" nil t)
 537             (replace-match "\\1\e$(3$i\e(B"))))
 538
 539     ;; gemination
 540     (goto-char (point-min))
 541     (while (re-search-forward "\\ce\e$(3%s\e(B" nil 0)
 542       (compose-region
 543        (save-excursion (backward-char 2) (point))
 544        (point)))
 545     ))
 546
 547 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-english nil
 548   "Handle English section in SERA to FIDEL conversion.
 549 Conversion stops when a language switch is found.  Then delete that
 550 switch and return the name of the new language as a symbol."
 551   (let ((new-language nil))
 552
 553     (while (and (not (eobp)) (null new-language))
 554       (cond
 555
 556        ;; if no more "\", nothing to do.
 557        ((not (search-forward "\\" nil 0)))
 558
 559        ;; hereafter point is put after a "\".
 560        ;; first delete that "\", then check the following chars
 561
 562        ;; "\\" :  leave the second "\"
 563        ((progn
 564           (delete-backward-char 1)
 565           (= (following-char) ?\\ ))
 566         (forward-char 1))
 567
 568        ;; "\ " :  delete the following " "
 569        ((= (following-char) 32)
 570         (delete-char 1)
 571         (setq new-language 'toggle))
 572
 573        ;; a language flag
 574        ((setq new-language (ethio-process-language-flag)))
 575
 576        ;; just a "\" :  not special sequence.
 577        (t
 578         (setq new-language 'toggle))))
 579
 580     new-language))
 581
 582 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-ethio (lang)
 583   "Handle Ethiopic section in SERA to FIDEL conversion.
 584 Conversion stops when a language switch is found.  Then delete that
 585 switch and return the name of the new language as a symbol.
 586
 587 The parameter LANG (symbol, either `amharic' or `tigrigna') affects
 588 the conversion of \"a\"."
 589
 590   (let ((new-language nil)
 591         (verbatim nil)
 592         start table table2 ch)
 593
 594     (setcar (aref ethio-sera-to-fidel-table ?a)
 595             (if (eq lang 'tigrigna) "\e$(3"f\e(B" "\e$(3"c\e(B"))
 596
 597     (while (and (not (eobp)) (null new-language))
 598       (setq ch (following-char))
 599       (cond
 600
 601        ;; skip from "<" to ">" (or from "&" to ";") if in w3-mode
 602        ((and (or (= ch ?<) (= ch ?&))
 603              (or (and (boundp 'ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3)
 604                       ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3)
 605                  (and (boundp 'sera-being-called-by-w3)
 606                       sera-being-called-by-w3)))
 607         (search-forward (if (= ch ?<) ">" ";")
 608                         nil 0))
 609
 610        ;; leave non-ASCII characters as they are
 611        ((>= ch 128)
 612         (forward-char 1))
 613
 614        ;; ethiopic digits
 615        ((looking-at "`[1-9][0-9]*")
 616         (delete-char 1)
 617         (ethio-convert-digit))
 618
 619        ;; if not seeing a "\", do sera to fidel conversion
 620        ((/= ch ?\\ )
 621         (setq start (point))
 622         (forward-char 1)
 623         (setq table (aref ethio-sera-to-fidel-table ch))
 624         (while (setq table2 (cdr (assoc (following-char) table)))
 625           (setq table table2)
 626           (forward-char 1))
 627         (if (setq ch (car table))
 628             (progn
 629               (delete-region start (point))
 630               (if (stringp ch)
 631                   (insert ch)
 632                 (insert (eval ch))))))
 633
 634        ;; if control reaches here, we must be looking at a "\"
 635
 636        ;; verbatim mode
 637        (verbatim
 638         (if (looking-at "\\\\~! ?")
 639
 640             ;; "\~!" or "\~! ".  switch to non-verbatim mode
 641             (progn
 642               (replace-match "")
 643               (setq verbatim nil))
 644
 645           ;; "\" but not "\~!" nor "\~! ".  skip the current "\".
 646           (forward-char 1)))
 647
 648        ;; hereafter, non-verbatim mode and looking at a "\"
 649        ;; first delete that "\", then check the following chars.
 650
 651        ;; "\ " : delete the following " "
 652        ((progn
 653           (delete-char 1)
 654           (setq ch (following-char))
 655           (= ch 32))
 656         (delete-char 1)
 657         (setq new-language 'toggle))
 658
 659        ;; "\~!" or "\~! " : switch to verbatim mode
 660        ((looking-at "~! ?")
 661         (replace-match "")
 662         (setq verbatim t))
 663
 664        ;; a language flag
 665        ((setq new-language (ethio-process-language-flag)))
 666
 667        ;; "\~" but not "\~!" nor a language flag
 668        ((= ch ?~)
 669         (delete-char 1)
 670         (ethio-tilde-escape))
 671
 672        ;; ASCII punctuation escape.  skip
 673        ((looking-at "\\(,\\|\\.\\|;\\|:\\|'\\|`\\|\?\\|\\\\\\)+")
 674         (goto-char (match-end 0)))
 675
 676        ;; "\", but not special sequence
 677        (t
 678         (setq new-language 'toggle))))
 679
 680     new-language))
 681
 682 (defun ethio-process-language-flag nil
 683   "Process a language flag of the form \"~lang\" or \"~lang1~lang2\".
 684
 685 If looking at \"~lang1~lang2\", set `ethio-primary-language' and
 686 `ethio-une-secondary-language' based on \"lang1\" and \"lang2\".
 687 Then delete the language flag \"~lang1~lang2\" from the buffer.
 688 Return value is the new primary language.
 689
 690 If looking at \"~lang\", delete that language flag \"~lang\" from the
 691 buffer and return that language.  In this case
 692 `ethio-primary-language' and `ethio-uni-secondary-language'
 693 are left unchanged.
 694
 695 If an unsupported language flag is found, just return nil without
 696 changing anything."
 697
 698   (let (lang1 lang2)
 699     (cond
 700
 701      ;; ~lang1~lang2
 702      ((and (looking-at
 703             "~\\([a-z][a-z][a-z]?\\)~\\([a-z][a-z][a-z]?\\)[ \t\n\\]")
 704            (setq lang1
 705                  (ethio-flag-to-language
 706                   (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1))))
 707            (setq lang2
 708                  (ethio-flag-to-language
 709                   (buffer-substring (match-beginning 2) (match-end 2)))))
 710       (setq ethio-primary-language lang1
 711             ethio-secondary-language lang2)
 712       (delete-region (point) (match-end 2))
 713       (if (= (following-char) 32)
 714           (delete-char 1))
 715       ethio-primary-language)
 716
 717      ;; ~lang
 718      ((and (looking-at "~\\([a-z][a-z][a-z]?\\)[ \t\n\\]")
 719            (setq lang1
 720                  (ethio-flag-to-language
 721                   (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))))
 722       (delete-region (point) (match-end 1))
 723       (if (= (following-char) 32)
 724           (delete-char 1))
 725       lang1)
 726
 727      ;; otherwise
 728      (t
 729       nil))))
 730
 731 (defun ethio-tilde-escape nil
 732   "Handle a SERA tilde escape in Ethiopic section and delete it.
 733 Delete the escape even it is not recognized."
 734
 735   (let ((p (point)) command)
 736     (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n\\\\")
 737     (setq command (buffer-substring p (point)))
 738     (delete-region p (point))
 739     (if (= (following-char) 32)
 740         (delete-char 1))
 741
 742     (cond
 743
 744      ;; \~-:
 745      ((string= command "-:")
 746       (setq ethio-use-colon-for-colon t))
 747
 748      ;; \~`:
 749      ((string= command "`:")
 750       (setq ethio-use-colon-for-colon nil))
 751
 752      ;; \~?
 753      ((string= command "?")
 754       (setq ethio-use-three-dot-question nil))
 755
 756      ;; \~`|
 757      ((string= command "`|")
 758       (setq ethio-use-three-dot-question t))
 759
 760      ;; \~e
 761      ((string= command "e")
 762       (insert "\e$(3%j\e(B"))
 763
 764      ;; \~E
 765      ((string= command "E")
 766       (insert "\e$(3%k\e(B"))
 767
 768      ;; \~a
 769      ((string= command "a")
 770       (insert "\e$(3%l\e(B"))
 771
 772      ;; \~A
 773      ((string= command "A")
 774       (insert "\e$(3%m\e(B"))
 775
 776      ;; \~X
 777      ((string= command "X")
 778       (insert "\e$(3%i\e(B"))
 779
 780      ;; unsupported tilde escape
 781      (t
 782       nil))))
 783
 784 (defun ethio-flag-to-language (flag)
 785   (cond
 786    ((or (string= flag "en") (string= flag "eng")) 'english)
 787    ((or (string= flag "ti") (string= flag "tir")) 'tigrigna)
 788    ((or (string= flag "am") (string= flag "amh")) 'amharic)
 789    (t nil)))
 790
 791 (defun ethio-convert-digit nil
 792   "Convert Arabic digits to Ethiopic digits."
 793   (let (ch z)
 794     (while (and (>= (setq ch (following-char)) ?1)
 795                 (<= ch ?9))
 796       (delete-char 1)
 797
 798       ;; count up following zeros
 799       (setq z 0)
 800       (while (= (following-char) ?0)
 801         (delete-char 1)
 802         (setq z (1+ z)))
 803
 804       (cond
 805
 806        ;; first digit is 10, 20, ..., or 90
 807        ((= (mod z 2) 1)
 808         (insert (aref [?\e$(3$y\e(B ?\e$(3$z\e(B ?\e$(3${\e(B ?\e$(3$|\e(B ?\e$(3$}\e(B ?\e$(3$~\e(B ?\e$(3%!\e(B ?\e$(3%"\e(B ?\e$(3%#\e(B] (- ch ?1)))
 809         (setq z (1- z)))
 810
 811        ;; first digit is 2, 3, ..., or 9
 812        ((/= ch ?1)
 813         (insert (aref [?\e$(3$q\e(B ?\e$(3$r\e(B ?\e$(3$s\e(B ?\e$(3$t\e(B ?\e$(3$u\e(B ?\e$(3$v\e(B ?\e$(3$w\e(B ?\e$(3$x\e(B] (- ch ?2))))
 814
 815        ;; single 1
 816        ((= z 0)
 817         (insert "\e$(3$p\e(B")))
 818
 819       ;; 100
 820       (if (= (mod z 4) 2)
 821           (insert "\e$(3%$\e(B"))
 822
 823       ;; 10000
 824       (insert-char ?\e$(3%%\e(B (/ z 4)))))
 825
 826 ;;;###autoload
 827 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail-or-marker (&optional arg)
 828   "Execute `ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail' or `ethio-sera-to-fidel-marker' depending on the current major mode.
 829 If in rmail-mode or in mail-mode, execute the former; otherwise latter."
 830
 831   (interactive "P")
 832   (if (or (eq major-mode 'rmail-mode)
 833           (eq major-mode 'mail-mode))
 834       (ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail (prefix-numeric-value arg))
 835     (ethio-sera-to-fidel-marker arg)))
 836
 837 ;;;###autoload
 838 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-mail (&optional arg)
 839   "Convert SERA to FIDEL to read/write mail and news.
 840
 841 If the buffer contains the markers \"<sera>\" and \"</sera>\",
 842 convert the segments between them into FIDEL.
 843
 844 If invoked interactively and there is no marker, convert the subject field
 845 and the body into FIDEL using `ethio-sera-to-fidel-region'."
 846
 847   (interactive "p")
 848   (let ((buffer-read-only nil)
 849         border)
 850     (save-excursion
 851
 852       ;; follow RFC822 rules instead of looking for a fixed separator
 853       (rfc822-goto-eoh)
 854       (forward-line 1)
 855       (setq border (point))
 856
 857       ;; note that the point is placed at the border
 858       (if (or (re-search-forward "^<sera>$" nil t)
 859               (progn
 860                 (goto-char (point-min))
 861                 (re-search-forward "^Subject: <sera>" border t)))
 862
 863           ;; there are markers
 864           (progn
 865             ;; we start with the body so that the border will not change
 866             ;; use "^<sera>\n" instead of "^<sera>$" not to leave a blank line
 867             (goto-char border)
 868             (while (re-search-forward "^<sera>\n" nil t)
 869               (replace-match "")
 870               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-region
 871                (point)
 872                (progn
 873                  (if (re-search-forward "^</sera>\n" nil 0)
 874                      (replace-match ""))
 875                  (point))))
 876             ;; now process the subject
 877             (goto-char (point-min))
 878             (if (re-search-forward "^Subject: <sera>" border t)
 879                 (ethio-sera-to-fidel-region
 880                  (progn (delete-backward-char 6) (point))
 881                  (progn
 882                    (if (re-search-forward "</sera>$" (line-end-position) 0)
 883                        (replace-match ""))
 884                    (point)))))
 885
 886         ;; in case there are no marks but invoked interactively
 887         (if arg
 888             (progn
 889               (ethio-sera-to-fidel-region border (point-max))
 890               (goto-char (point-min))
 891               (if (re-search-forward "^Subject: " border t)
 892                   (ethio-sera-to-fidel-region (point) (line-end-position))))))
 893
 894       ;; adjust the rmail marker
 895       (if (eq major-mode 'rmail-mode)
 896           (set-marker
 897            (aref rmail-message-vector (1+ rmail-current-message))
 898            (point-max))))))
 899
 900 ;;;###autoload
 901 (defun ethio-sera-to-fidel-marker (&optional force)
 902   "Convert the regions surrounded by \"<sera>\" and \"</sera>\" from SERA to FIDEL.
 903 Assume that each region begins with `ethio-primary-language'.
 904 The markers \"<sera>\" and \"</sera>\" themselves are not deleted."
 905   (interactive "P")
 906   (if (and buffer-read-only
 907            (not force)
 908            (not (y-or-n-p "Buffer is read-only.  Force to convert? ")))
 909       (error ""))
 910   (save-excursion
 911     (goto-char (point-min))
 912     (while (re-search-forward "<sera>" nil t)
 913       (ethio-sera-to-fidel-region
 914        (point)
 915        (if (re-search-forward "</sera>" nil t)
 916            (match-beginning 0)
 917          (point-max))
 918        nil
 919        'force))))
 920
 921 ;;
 922 ;; FIDEL to SERA
 923 ;;
 924
 925 (defconst ethio-fidel-to-sera-map
 926  [ "he"  "hu"  "hi"  "ha"  "hE"  "h"  "ho"    ""       ;;   0 - 7
 927    "le"  "lu"  "li"  "la"  "lE"  "l"  "lo"  "lWa"      ;;   8
 928    "He"  "Hu"  "Hi"  "Ha"  "HE"  "H"  "Ho"  "HWa"      ;;  16
 929    "me"  "mu"  "mi"  "ma"  "mE"  "m"  "mo"  "mWa"      ;;  24
 930   "`se" "`su" "`si" "`sa" "`sE" "`s" "`so" "`sWa"      ;;  32
 931    "re"  "ru"  "ri"  "ra"  "rE"  "r"  "ro"  "rWa"      ;;  40
 932    "se"  "su"  "si"  "sa"  "sE"  "s"  "so"  "sWa"      ;;  48
 933    "xe"  "xu"  "xi"  "xa"  "xE"  "x"  "xo"  "xWa"      ;;  56
 934    "qe"  "qu"  "qi"  "qa"  "qE"  "q"  "qo"    ""       ;;  64
 935   "qWe"   ""  "qWi" "qWa" "qWE"  "qW'" ""     ""       ;;  72
 936    "Qe"  "Qu"  "Qi"  "Qa"  "QE"  "Q"  "Qo"    ""       ;;  80
 937   "QWe"   ""  "QWi" "QWa" "QWE"  "QW'" ""     ""       ;;  88
 938    "be"  "bu"  "bi"  "ba"  "bE"  "b"  "bo"  "bWa"      ;;  96
 939    "ve"  "vu"  "vi"  "va"  "vE"  "v"  "vo"  "vWa"      ;; 104
 940    "te"  "tu"  "ti"  "ta"  "tE"  "t"  "to"  "tWa"      ;; 112
 941    "ce"  "cu"  "ci"  "ca"  "cE"  "c"  "co"  "cWa"      ;; 120
 942   "`he" "`hu" "`hi" "`ha" "`hE" "`h" "`ho"    ""       ;; 128
 943   "hWe"   ""  "hWi" "hWa"  "hWE" "hW'" ""     ""       ;; 136
 944    "ne"  "nu"  "ni"  "na"  "nE"  "n"  "no"  "nWa"      ;; 144
 945    "Ne"  "Nu"  "Ni"  "Na"  "NE"  "N"  "No"  "NWa"      ;; 152
 946     "e"   "u"   "i"   "A"   "E"  "I"   "o"   "ea"      ;; 160
 947    "ke"  "ku"  "ki"  "ka"  "kE"  "k"  "ko"    ""       ;; 168
 948   "kWe"   ""  "kWi" "kWa" "kWE"  "kW'" ""     ""       ;; 176
 949    "Ke"  "Ku"  "Ki"  "Ka"  "KE"  "K"  "Ko"    ""       ;; 184
 950   "KWe"   ""  "KWi" "KWa" "KWE"  "KW'" ""     ""       ;; 192
 951    "we"  "wu"  "wi"  "wa"  "wE"  "w"  "wo"    ""       ;; 200
 952    "`e"  "`u"  "`i"  "`a"  "`E" "`I"  "`o"    ""       ;; 208
 953    "ze"  "zu"  "zi"  "za"  "zE"  "z"  "zo"  "zWa"      ;; 216
 954    "Ze"  "Zu"  "Zi"  "Za"  "ZE"  "Z"  "Zo"  "ZWa"      ;; 224
 955    "ye"  "yu"  "yi"  "ya"  "yE"  "y"  "yo"  "yWa"      ;; 232
 956    "de"  "du"  "di"  "da"  "dE"  "d"  "do"  "dWa"      ;; 240
 957    "De"  "Du"  "Di"  "Da"  "DE"  "D"  "Do"  "DWa"      ;; 248
 958    "je"  "ju"  "ji"  "ja"  "jE"  "j"  "jo"  "jWa"      ;; 256
 959    "ge"  "gu"  "gi"  "ga"  "gE"  "g"  "go"    ""       ;; 264
 960   "gWe"   ""  "gWi" "gWa" "gWE" "gW'"  ""     ""       ;; 272
 961    "Ge"  "Gu"  "Gi"  "Ga"  "GE"  "G"  "Go"  "GWa"      ;; 280
 962    "Te"  "Tu"  "Ti"  "Ta"  "TE"  "T"  "To"  "TWa"      ;; 288
 963    "Ce"  "Cu"  "Ci"  "Ca"  "CE"  "C"  "Co"  "CWa"      ;; 296
 964    "Pe"  "Pu"  "Pi"  "Pa"  "PE"  "P"  "Po"  "PWa"      ;; 304
 965    "Se"  "Su"  "Si"  "Sa"  "SE"  "S"  "So"  "SWa"      ;; 312
 966   "`Se" "`Su" "`Si" "`Sa" "`SE" "`S" "`So"    ""       ;; 320
 967    "fe"  "fu"  "fi"  "fa"  "fE"  "f"  "fo"  "fWa"      ;; 328
 968    "pe"  "pu"  "pi"  "pa"  "pE"  "p"  "po"  "pWa"      ;; 336
 969   "mYa" "rYa" "fYa"   ""    ""   ""    ""     ""       ;; 344
 970    " "  " : "  "::"  ","   ";"  "-:"  ":-"   "`?"      ;; 352
 971   ":|:"  "1"   "2"   "3"   "4"   "5"   "6"   "7"       ;; 360
 972    "8"   "9"   "10"  "20"  "30"  "40" "50"   "60"      ;; 368
 973    "70"  "80"  "90" "100" "10000" ""   ""     ""       ;; 376
 974   "`qe" "`qu" "`qi" "`qa" "`qE" "`q" "`qo"    ""       ;; 384
 975   "mWe" "bWe" "GWe" "fWe" "pWe"  ""    ""     ""       ;; 392
 976   "`ke" "`ku" "`ki" "`ka" "`kE" "`k" "`ko"    ""       ;; 400
 977   "mWi" "bWi" "GWi" "fWi" "pWi"  ""    ""     ""       ;; 408
 978    "Xe"  "Xu"  "Xi"  "Xa"  "XE"  "X"  "Xo"    ""       ;; 416
 979   "mWE" "bWE" "GWE" "fWE" "pWE"  ""    ""     ""       ;; 424
 980   "`ge" "`gu" "`gi" "`ga" "`gE" "`g" "`go"    ""       ;; 432
 981   "mW'" "bW'" "GW'" "fW'" "pW'"  ""    ""     ""       ;; 440
 982   "\\~X " "\\~e " "\\~E " "\\~a " "\\~A " "wWe" "wWi" "wWa" ;; 448
 983   "wWE" "wW'"  "''"  "`!"  "."  "<<"  ">>"   "?" ])    ;; 456
 984
 985 (defun ethio-prefer-amharic-p nil
 986   (or (eq ethio-primary-language 'amharic)
 987       (and (not (eq ethio-primary-language 'tigrigna))
 988            (eq ethio-secondary-language 'amharic))))
 989
 990 (defun ethio-language-to-flag (lang)
 991   (cond
 992    ((eq lang 'english) "eng")
 993    ((eq lang 'tigrigna) "tir")
 994    ((eq lang 'amharic) "amh")
 995    (t "")))
 996
 997 ;;;###autoload
 998 (defun ethio-fidel-to-sera-region (begin end &optional secondary force)
 999   "Replace all the FIDEL characters in the region to the SERA format.
1000 The variable `ethio-primary-language' specifies the primary
1001 language and `ethio-secondary-language' specifies the secondary.
1002
1003 If the 3dr parameter SECONDARY is given and non-nil, try to convert
1004 the region so that it begins in the secondary language; otherwise with
1005 the primary language.
1006
1007 If the 4th parameter FORCE is given and non-nil, convert even if the
1008 buffer is read-only.
1009
1010 See also the descriptions of the variables
1011 `ethio-use-colon-for-colon', `ethio-use-three-dot-question',
1012 `ethio-quote-vowel-always' and `ethio-numeric-reduction'."
1013
1014   (interactive "r\nP")
1015   (save-restriction
1016     (narrow-to-region begin end)
1017     (ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer secondary force)))
1018
1019 ;;;###autoload
1020 (defun ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer (&optional secondary force)
1021   "Replace all the FIDEL characters in the current buffer to the SERA format.
1022 The variable `ethio-primary-language' specifies the primary
1023 language and `ethio-secondary-language' specifies the secondary.
1024
1025 If the 1st optional parameter SECONDARY is non-nil, try to convert the
1026 region so that it begins in the secondary language; otherwise with the
1027 primary language.
1028
1029 If the 2nd optional parameter FORCE is non-nil, convert even if the
1030 buffer is read-only.
1031
1032 See also the descriptions of the variables
1033 `ethio-use-colon-for-colon', `ethio-use-three-dot-question',
1034 `ethio-quote-vowel-always' and `ethio-numeric-reduction'."
1035
1036   (interactive "P")
1037   (if (and buffer-read-only
1038            (not force)
1039            (not (y-or-n-p "Buffer is read-only.  Force to convert? ")))
1040       (error ""))
1041
1042   (let ((buffer-read-only nil)
1043         (case-fold-search nil)
1044         (lonec nil) ;; t means previous char was a lone consonant
1045         (fidel nil) ;; t means previous char was a FIDEL
1046         (digit nil) ;; t means previous char was an Ethiopic digit
1047         (flag (if (ethio-prefer-amharic-p) "\\~amh " "\\~tir "))
1048         mode ch)
1049
1050     ;; user's preference in transcription
1051     (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon
1052         (progn
1053           (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 353 "`:")
1054           (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 357 ":"))
1055       (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 353 " : ")
1056       (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 357 "-:"))
1057
1058     (if ethio-use-three-dot-question
1059         (progn
1060           (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 359 "?")
1061           (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 463 "`?"))
1062       (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 359 "`?")
1063       (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 463 "?"))
1064
1065     (mapcar
1066      '(lambda (x)
1067         (aset (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map x)
1068               2
1069               (if ethio-W-sixth-always ?' ?u)))
1070      '(77 93 141 181 197 277 440 441 442 443 444 457))
1071
1072     (if (ethio-prefer-amharic-p)
1073         (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 160 "a")
1074       (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 160 "e"))
1075     ;; end of user's preference
1076
1077     ;; first, decompose geminated characters
1078     (decompose-region (point-min) (point-max))
1079
1080     ;; main conversion routine
1081     (goto-char (point-min))
1082     (while (not (eobp))
1083       (setq ch (following-char))
1084
1085       (cond                             ; ethiopic, english, neutral
1086
1087        ;; ethiopic character.  must go to ethiopic mode, if not in it.
1088        ((eq (char-charset ch) 'ethiopic)
1089         (setq ch (ethio-char-to-ethiocode ch))
1090         (delete-char 1)
1091         (if (not (eq mode 'ethiopic))
1092             (progn
1093               (insert flag)
1094               (setq mode 'ethiopic)))
1095
1096         (cond                           ; fidel, punc, digit
1097
1098          ;; fidels
1099          ((or (<= ch 346)               ;  he - fYa
1100               (and (>= ch 384) (<= ch 444)) ; `qe - pw
1101               (and (>= ch 453) (<= ch 457))) ; wWe - wW
1102           (if (and (memq ch '(160 161 162 163 164 166 167)) ; (e - ea)
1103                    (or lonec
1104                        (and ethio-quote-vowel-always
1105                             fidel)))
1106               (insert "'"))
1107           (insert (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map ch))
1108           (setq lonec (ethio-lone-consonant-p ch)
1109                 fidel t
1110                 digit nil))
1111
1112          ;; punctuations or icons
1113          ((or (and (>= ch 353) (<= ch 360)) ;  : - :|:
1114               (>= ch 458)               ;  '' -  ?
1115               (and (>= ch 448) (<= ch 452))) ;  \~X \~e \~E \~a \~A
1116           (insert (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map ch))
1117           (setq lonec nil
1118                 fidel nil
1119                 digit nil))
1120
1121          ;; now CH must be an ethiopic digit
1122
1123          ;; reduction = 0 or not preceded by Ethiopic number(s)
1124          ((or (= ethio-numeric-reduction 0)
1125               (not digit))
1126           (insert "`" (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map ch))
1127           (setq lonec nil
1128                 fidel nil
1129                 digit t))
1130
1131          ;; reduction = 2 and following 10s, 100s, 10000s
1132          ((and (= ethio-numeric-reduction 2)
1133                (memq ch '(370 379 380)))
1134           (insert (substring (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map ch) 1))
1135           (setq lonec nil
1136                 fidel nil
1137                 digit t))
1138
1139          ;; ordinary following digits
1140          (t
1141           (insert (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map ch))
1142           (setq lonec nil
1143                 fidel nil
1144                 digit t))))
1145
1146        ;; english character.  must go to english mode, if not in it.
1147        ((or (and (>= ch ?a) (<= ch ?z))
1148             (and (>= ch ?A) (<= ch ?Z)))
1149         (if (not (eq mode 'english))
1150             (insert "\\~eng "))
1151         (forward-char 1)
1152         (setq mode 'english
1153               lonec nil
1154               fidel nil
1155               digit nil))
1156
1157        ;; ch can appear both in ethiopic section and in english section.
1158        (t
1159
1160         ;; we must decide the mode, if not decided yet
1161         (if (null mode)
1162             (progn
1163               (setq mode
1164                     (if secondary
1165                         ethio-secondary-language
1166                       ethio-primary-language))
1167               (if (eq mode 'english)
1168                   (insert "\\~eng ")
1169                 (insert flag)
1170                 (setq mode 'ethiopic)))) ; tigrigna & amharic --> ethiopic
1171
1172         (cond                           ; \ , eng-mode , punc , w3 , other
1173
1174          ;; backslash is always quoted
1175          ((= ch ?\\ )
1176           (insert "\\")
1177           (forward-char 1))
1178
1179          ;; nothing to do if in english mode
1180          ((eq mode 'english)
1181           (forward-char 1))
1182
1183          ;; now we must be in ethiopic mode and seeing a non-"\"
1184
1185          ;; ascii punctuations in ethiopic mode
1186          ((looking-at "[,.;:'`?]+")
1187           (insert "\\")
1188           (goto-char (1+ (match-end 0)))) ; because we inserted one byte (\)
1189
1190          ;; skip from "<" to ">" (or from "&" to ";") if called from w3
1191          ((and (or (= ch ?<) (= ch ?&))
1192                (or (and (boundp 'ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3)
1193                         ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3)
1194                    (and (boundp 'sera-being-called-by-w3)
1195                         sera-being-called-by-w3)))
1196           (search-forward (if (= ch ?<) ">" ";")
1197                           nil 0))
1198
1199          ;; neutral character.  no need to quote.  just skip it.
1200          (t
1201           (forward-char 1)))
1202
1203         (setq lonec nil
1204               fidel nil
1205               digit nil)))
1206     ;; end of main conversion routine
1207     )))
1208
1209 (defun ethio-lone-consonant-p (ethiocode)
1210   "If ETHIOCODE is an Ethiopic lone consonant, return t."
1211   (or (and (< ethiocode 344) (= (% ethiocode 8) 5))
1212
1213       ;;                     `q  `k   X  `g  mW  bW  GW  fW  pW  wW
1214       (memq ethiocode '(389 405 421 437 440 441 442 443 444 457))))
1215
1216 ;;;###autoload
1217 (defun ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail-or-marker (&optional arg)
1218   "Execute `ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail' or `ethio-fidel-to-sera-marker' depending on the current major mode.
1219 If in rmail-mode or in mail-mode, execute the former; otherwise latter."
1220
1221   (interactive "P")
1222   (if (or (eq major-mode 'rmail-mode)
1223           (eq major-mode 'mail-mode))
1224       (ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail)
1225     (ethio-fidel-to-sera-marker arg)))
1226
1227 ;;;###autoload
1228 (defun ethio-fidel-to-sera-mail nil
1229   "Convert FIDEL to SERA to read/write mail and news.
1230
1231 If the body contains at least one Ethiopic character,
1232  1) insert the string \"<sera>\" at the beginning of the body,
1233  2) insert \"</sera>\" at the end of the body, and
1234  3) convert the body into SERA.
1235
1236 The very same procedure applies to the subject field, too."
1237
1238   (interactive)
1239   (let ((buffer-read-only nil)
1240         border)
1241     (save-excursion
1242
1243       ;; follow RFC822 rules instead of looking for a fixed separator
1244       (rfc822-goto-eoh)
1245       (forward-line 1)
1246       (setq border (point))
1247
1248       ;; process body first not to change the border
1249       ;; note that the point is already at the border
1250       (if (re-search-forward "\\ce" nil t)
1251           (progn
1252             (ethio-fidel-to-sera-region border (point-max))
1253             (goto-char border)
1254             (insert "<sera>")
1255             (goto-char (point-max))
1256             (insert "</sera>")))
1257
1258       ;; process subject
1259       (goto-char (point-min))
1260       (if (re-search-forward "^Subject: " border t)
1261           (let ((beg (point))
1262                 (end (line-end-position)))
1263             (if (re-search-forward "\\ce" end t)
1264                 (progn
1265                   (ethio-fidel-to-sera-region beg end)
1266                   (goto-char beg)
1267                   (insert "<sera>")
1268                   (end-of-line)
1269                   (insert "</sera>")))))
1270
1271       ;; adjust the rmail marker
1272       (if (eq major-mode 'rmail-mode)
1273           (set-marker
1274            (aref rmail-message-vector (1+ rmail-current-message))
1275            (point-max))))))
1276
1277 ;;;###autoload
1278 (defun ethio-fidel-to-sera-marker (&optional force)
1279   "Convert the regions surrounded by \"<sera>\" and \"</sera>\" from FIDEL to SERA.
1280 The markers \"<sera>\" and \"</sera>\" themselves are not deleted."
1281
1282   (interactive "P")
1283   (if (and buffer-read-only
1284            (not force)
1285            (not (y-or-n-p "Buffer is read-only.  Force to convert? ")))
1286       (error ""))
1287   (save-excursion
1288     (goto-char (point-min))
1289     (while (re-search-forward "<sera>" nil t)
1290       (ethio-fidel-to-sera-region
1291        (point)
1292        (if (re-search-forward "</sera>" nil t)
1293            (match-beginning 0)
1294          (point-max))
1295        nil
1296        'force))))
1297
1298 ;;
1299 ;; vowel modification
1300 ;;
1301
1302 ;;;###autoload
1303 (defun ethio-modify-vowel nil
1304   "Modify the vowel of the FIDEL that is under the cursor."
1305   (interactive)
1306   (let ((ch (following-char))
1307         (composite nil)                 ; geminated or not
1308         newch base vowel modulo)
1309
1310     (cond
1311      ;; in case of gemination
1312      ((eq (char-charset ch) 'composition)
1313       (setq ch (string-to-char (char-to-string ch))
1314             composite t))
1315      ;; neither gemination nor fidel
1316      ((not (eq (char-charset ch) 'ethiopic))
1317       (error "Not a valid character")))
1318
1319     ;; set frequently referred character features
1320     (setq ch     (ethio-char-to-ethiocode ch)
1321           base   (* (/ ch 8) 8)
1322           modulo (% ch 8))
1323
1324     (if (or (and (>= ch 344) (<= ch 380)) ;; mYa - `10000
1325             (and (>= ch 448) (<= ch 452)) ;; \~X - \~A
1326             (>= ch 458))                  ;; private punctuations
1327         (error "Not a valid character"))
1328
1329     (setq
1330      newch
1331      (cond
1332
1333       ;; first standalone vowels
1334       ((= base 160)
1335        (if (ethio-prefer-amharic-p)
1336            (message "Modify vowel to: [auiAEIoW\"] ")
1337          (message "Modify vowel to: [euiAEIoW\"] "))
1338        (setq vowel (read-char))
1339        (cond
1340         ((= vowel ?e) 160)
1341         ((= vowel ?u) 161)
1342         ((= vowel ?i) 162)
1343         ((= vowel ?A) 163)
1344         ((= vowel ?E) 164)
1345         ((= vowel ?I) 165)
1346         ((= vowel ?o) 166)
1347         ((= vowel ?W) 167)
1348         ((= vowel ?a) (if (ethio-prefer-amharic-p) 160 163))
1349         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1350         (t nil)))
1351
1352       ;; second standalone vowels
1353       ((= base 208)
1354        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaEIo\"] ")
1355        (setq vowel (read-char))
1356        (cond
1357         ((= vowel ?e) 208)
1358         ((= vowel ?u) 209)
1359         ((= vowel ?i) 210)
1360         ((= vowel ?a) 211)
1361         ((= vowel ?E) 212)
1362         ((= vowel ?I) 213)
1363         ((= vowel ?o) 214)
1364         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1365         (t nil)))
1366
1367       ;; 12-form consonants, *W* form
1368       ((memq base '(72 88 136 176 192 272)) ; qW QW hW kW KW gW
1369        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1370        (setq vowel (read-char))
1371        (cond
1372         ((= vowel ?e) base)
1373         ((= vowel ?u) (+ base 5))
1374         ((= vowel ?i) (+ base 2))
1375         ((= vowel ?a) (+ base 3))
1376         ((= vowel ?E) (+ base 4))
1377         ((= vowel ?') (+ base 5))
1378         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1379         (t nil)))
1380
1381       ;; extended 12-form consonants, mWa bWa GWa fWa pWa
1382       ((= ch 31)                        ; mWa
1383        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1384        (setq vowel (read-char))
1385        (cond
1386         ((= vowel ?e) 392)
1387         ((= vowel ?u) 440)
1388         ((= vowel ?i) 408)
1389         ((= vowel ?a) ch)
1390         ((= vowel ?E) 424)
1391         ((= vowel ?') 440)
1392         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1393         (t nil)))
1394       ((= ch 103)                       ; bWa
1395        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1396        (setq vowel (read-char))
1397        (cond
1398         ((= vowel ?e) 393)
1399         ((= vowel ?u) 441)
1400         ((= vowel ?i) 409)
1401         ((= vowel ?a) ch)
1402         ((= vowel ?E) 425)
1403         ((= vowel ?') 441)
1404         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1405         (t nil)))
1406       ((= ch 287)                       ; GWa
1407        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1408        (setq vowel (read-char))
1409        (cond
1410         ((= vowel ?e) 394)
1411         ((= vowel ?u) 442)
1412         ((= vowel ?i) 410)
1413         ((= vowel ?a) ch)
1414         ((= vowel ?E) 426)
1415         ((= vowel ?') 442)
1416         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1417         (t nil)))
1418       ((= ch 335)                       ; fWa
1419        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1420        (setq vowel (read-char))
1421        (cond
1422         ((= vowel ?e) 395)
1423         ((= vowel ?u) 443)
1424         ((= vowel ?i) 411)
1425         ((= vowel ?a) ch)
1426         ((= vowel ?E) 427)
1427         ((= vowel ?') 443)
1428         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1429         (t nil)))
1430       ((= ch 343)                       ; pWa
1431        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'\"] ")
1432        (setq vowel (read-char))
1433        (cond
1434         ((= vowel ?e) 396)
1435         ((= vowel ?u) 444)
1436         ((= vowel ?i) 412)
1437         ((= vowel ?a) ch)
1438         ((= vowel ?E) 428)
1439         ((= vowel ?') 444)
1440         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1441         (t nil)))
1442
1443       ;; extended 12-form consonatns, mW* bW* GW* fW* pW*
1444       ((memq base '(392 408 424 440))   ; *We *Wi *WE *W
1445        (message "Modify vowel to: [eiEau'\"] ")
1446        (setq vowel (read-char))
1447        (cond
1448         ((= vowel ?e) (+ 392 modulo))
1449         ((= vowel ?i) (+ 408 modulo))
1450         ((= vowel ?E) (+ 424 modulo))
1451         ((= vowel ?a) (cond
1452                        ((= modulo 0)  31) ; mWa
1453                        ((= modulo 1) 103) ; bWa
1454                        ((= modulo 2) 287) ; GWa
1455                        ((= modulo 3) 335) ; fWa
1456                        ((= modulo 4) 343) ; pWa
1457                        (t nil)))        ; never reach here
1458         ((= vowel ?') (+ 440 modulo))
1459         ((= vowel ?u) (+ 440 modulo))
1460         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1461         (t nil)))
1462
1463       ((and (>= ch 453) (<= ch 457))    ; wWe wWi wWa wWE wW
1464        (message "Modify vowel to: [eiaE'u\"] ")
1465        (setq vowel (read-char))
1466        (cond
1467         ((= vowel ?e) 453)
1468         ((= vowel ?i) 454)
1469         ((= vowel ?a) 455)
1470         ((= vowel ?E) 456)
1471         ((= vowel ?') 457)
1472         ((= vowel ?u) 457)
1473         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1474         (t nil)))
1475
1476       ;; 7-form consonants, or
1477       ;; first 7 of 8-form consonants
1478       ((<= modulo 6)
1479        (message "Modify vowel to: [euiaE'o\"] ")
1480        (setq vowel (read-char))
1481        (cond
1482         ((= vowel ?e) base)
1483         ((= vowel ?u) (+ base 1))
1484         ((= vowel ?i) (+ base 2))
1485         ((= vowel ?a) (+ base 3))
1486         ((= vowel ?E) (+ base 4))
1487         ((= vowel ?') (+ base 5))
1488         ((= vowel ?o) (+ base 6))
1489         ((= vowel ?\") (setq composite t) ch)
1490         (t nil)))
1491
1492       ;; otherwise
1493       (t
1494        nil)))
1495
1496     (cond
1497
1498      ;; could not get new character
1499      ((null newch)
1500       (error "Invalid vowel"))
1501
1502      ;; vowel changed on a composite Fidel
1503      (composite
1504       (delete-char 1)
1505       (insert
1506        (compose-string
1507         (concat (char-to-string (ethio-ethiocode-to-char newch))        "\e$(3%s\e(B"))))
1508
1509      ;; simple vowel modification
1510      (t
1511       (delete-char 1)
1512       (insert (ethio-ethiocode-to-char newch))))))
1513
1514 (defun ethio-ethiocode-to-char (ethiocode)
1515   (make-char
1516    'ethiopic
1517    (+ (/ ethiocode 94) 33)
1518    (+ (mod ethiocode 94) 33)))
1519
1520 (defun ethio-char-to-ethiocode (ch)
1521   (and (eq (char-charset ch) 'ethiopic)
1522        (let ((char-components (split-char ch)))
1523          (+ (* (- (nth 1 char-components) 33) 94)
1524             (- (nth 2 char-components) 33)))))
1525
1526 ;;
1527 ;; space replacement
1528 ;;
1529
1530 ;;;###autoload
1531 (defun ethio-replace-space (ch begin end)
1532   "Replace ASCII spaces with Ethiopic word separators in the region.
1533
1534 In the specified region, replace word separators surrounded by two
1535 Ethiopic characters, depending on the first parameter CH, which should
1536 be 1, 2, or 3.
1537
1538 If CH = 1, word separator will be replaced with an ASCII space.
1539 If CH = 2, with two ASCII spaces.
1540 If CH = 3, with the Ethiopic colon-like word separator.
1541
1542 The second and third parameters BEGIN and END specify the region."
1543
1544   (interactive "*cReplace spaces to: 1 (sg col), 2 (dbl col), 3 (Ethiopic)\nr")
1545   (if (not (memq ch '(?1 ?2 ?3)))
1546       (error ""))
1547   (save-excursion
1548     (save-restriction
1549       (narrow-to-region begin end)
1550
1551       (cond
1552        ((= ch ?1)
1553         ;; an Ethiopic word separator --> an ASCII space
1554         (goto-char (point-min))
1555         (while (search-forward "\e$(3$h\e(B" nil t)
1556           (replace-match " " nil t))
1557
1558         ;; two ASCII spaces between Ethiopic characters --> an ASCII space
1559         (goto-char (point-min))
1560         (while (re-search-forward "\\(\\ce\\)  \\(\\ce\\)" nil t)
1561           (replace-match "\\1 \\2")
1562           (goto-char (match-beginning 2))))
1563
1564        ((= ch ?2)
1565         ;; An Ethiopic word separator --> two ASCII spaces
1566         (goto-char (point-min))
1567         (while (search-forward "\e$(3$h\e(B" nil t)
1568           (replace-match "  "))
1569
1570         ;; An ASCII space between Ethiopic characters --> two ASCII spaces
1571         (goto-char (point-min))
1572         (while (re-search-forward "\\(\\ce\\) \\(\\ce\\)" nil t)
1573           (replace-match "\\1  \\2")
1574           (goto-char (match-beginning 2))))
1575
1576        (t
1577         ;; One or two ASCII spaces between Ethiopic characters
1578         ;;   --> An Ethiopic word separator
1579         (goto-char (point-min))
1580         (while (re-search-forward "\\(\\ce\\)  ?\\(\\ce\\)" nil t)
1581           (replace-match "\\1\e$(3$h\e(B\\2")
1582           (goto-char (match-beginning 2)))
1583
1584         ;; Three or more ASCII spaces between Ethiopic characters
1585         ;;   --> An Ethiopic word separator + (N - 2) ASCII spaces
1586         (goto-char (point-min))
1587         (while (re-search-forward "\\(\\ce\\)  \\( *\\ce\\)" nil t)
1588           (replace-match "\\1\e$(3$h\e(B\\2")
1589           (goto-char (match-beginning 2))))))))
1590
1591 ;;
1592 ;; special icons
1593 ;;
1594
1595 ;;;###autoload
1596 (defun ethio-input-special-character (arg)
1597   "Allow the user to input special characters."
1598   (interactive "*cInput number: 1.\e$(3%j\e(B  2.\e$(3%k\e(B  3.\e$(3%l\e(B  4.\e$(3%m\e(B  5.\e$(3%i\e(B")
1599   (cond
1600    ((= arg ?1)
1601     (insert "\e$(3%j\e(B"))
1602    ((= arg ?2)
1603     (insert "\e$(3%k\e(B"))
1604    ((= arg ?3)
1605     (insert "\e$(3%l\e(B"))
1606    ((= arg ?4)
1607     (insert "\e$(3%m\e(B"))
1608    ((= arg ?5)
1609     (insert "\e$(3%i\e(B"))
1610    (t
1611     (error ""))))
1612
1613 ;;
1614 ;; TeX support
1615 ;;
1616
1617 (defconst ethio-fidel-to-tex-map
1618  [ "heG"  "huG"  "hiG"  "haG"  "hEG"   "hG"  "hoG"      ""     ;;   0 - 7
1619    "leG"  "luG"  "liG"  "laG"  "lEG"   "lG"  "loG"  "lWaG"     ;;   8
1620    "HeG"  "HuG"  "HiG"  "HaG"  "HEG"   "HG"  "HoG"  "HWaG"     ;;  16
1621    "meG"  "muG"  "miG"  "maG"  "mEG"   "mG"  "moG"  "mWaG"     ;;  24
1622   "sseG" "ssuG" "ssiG" "ssaG" "ssEG"  "ssG" "ssoG" "ssWaG"     ;;  32
1623    "reG"  "ruG"  "riG"  "raG"  "rEG"   "rG"  "roG"  "rWaG"     ;;  40
1624    "seG"  "suG"  "siG"  "saG"  "sEG"   "sG"  "soG"  "sWaG"     ;;  48
1625    "xeG"  "xuG"  "xiG"  "xaG"  "xEG"   "xG"  "xoG"  "xWaG"     ;;  56
1626    "qeG"  "quG"  "qiG"  "qaG"  "qEG"   "qG"  "qoG"      ""     ;;  64
1627   "qWeG"     "" "qWiG" "qWaG" "qWEG"  "qWG"     ""      ""     ;;  72
1628    "QeG"  "QuG"  "QiG"  "QaG"  "QEG"   "QG"  "QoG"      ""     ;;  80
1629   "QWeG"     "" "QWiG" "QWaG" "QWEG"  "QWG"     ""      ""     ;;  88
1630    "beG"  "buG"  "biG"  "baG"  "bEG"   "bG"  "boG"  "bWaG"     ;;  96
1631    "veG"  "vuG"  "viG"  "vaG"  "vEG"   "vG"  "voG"  "vWaG"     ;; 104
1632    "teG"  "tuG"  "tiG"  "taG"  "tEG"   "tG"  "toG"  "tWaG"     ;; 112
1633    "ceG"  "cuG"  "ciG"  "caG"  "cEG"   "cG"  "coG"  "cWaG"     ;; 120
1634   "hheG" "hhuG" "hhiG" "hhaG" "hhEG"  "hhG" "hhoG"      ""     ;; 128
1635   "hWeG"     "" "hWiG" "hWaG" "hWEG"  "hWG"     ""      ""     ;; 136
1636    "neG"  "nuG"  "niG"  "naG"  "nEG"   "nG"  "noG"  "nWaG"     ;; 144
1637    "NeG"  "NuG"  "NiG"  "NaG"  "NEG"   "NG"  "NoG"  "NWaG"     ;; 152
1638     "eG"   "uG"   "iG"   "AG"   "EG"   "IG"   "oG"   "eaG"     ;; 160
1639    "keG"  "kuG"  "kiG"  "kaG"  "kEG"   "kG"  "koG"      ""     ;; 168
1640   "kWeG"     "" "kWiG" "kWaG" "kWEG"  "kWG"     ""      ""     ;; 176
1641    "KeG"  "KuG"  "KiG"  "KaG"  "KEG"   "KG"  "KoG"      ""     ;; 184
1642   "KWeG"     "" "KWiG" "KWaG" "KWEG"  "KWG"     ""      ""     ;; 192
1643    "weG"  "wuG"  "wiG"  "waG"  "wEG"   "wG"  "woG"      ""     ;; 200
1644    "eeG"  "uuG"  "iiG"  "aaG"  "EEG"  "IIG"  "ooG"      ""     ;; 208
1645    "zeG"  "zuG"  "ziG"  "zaG"  "zEG"   "zG"  "zoG"  "zWaG"     ;; 216
1646    "ZeG"  "ZuG"  "ZiG"  "ZaG"  "ZEG"   "ZG"  "ZoG"  "ZWaG"     ;; 224
1647    "yeG"  "yuG"  "yiG"  "yaG"  "yEG"   "yG"  "yoG"  "yWaG"     ;; 232
1648    "deG"  "duG"  "diG"  "daG"  "dEG"   "dG" "doG"   "dWaG"     ;; 240
1649    "DeG"  "DuG"  "DiG"  "DaG"  "DEG"   "DG"  "DoG"  "DWaG"     ;; 248
1650    "jeG"  "juG"  "jiG"  "jaG"  "jEG"   "jG"  "joG"  "jWaG"     ;; 256
1651    "geG"  "guG"  "giG"  "gaG"  "gEG"   "gG"  "goG"     ""      ;; 264
1652   "gWeG"     "" "gWiG" "gWaG" "gWEG"  "gWG"     ""     ""      ;; 272
1653    "GeG"  "GuG"  "GiG"  "GaG"  "GEG"   "GG"  "GoG"  "GWaG"     ;; 280
1654    "TeG"  "TuG"  "TiG"  "TaG"  "TEG"   "TG"  "ToG"  "TWaG"     ;; 288
1655    "CeG"  "CuG"  "CiG"  "CaG"  "CEG"   "CG"  "CoG"  "CWaG"     ;; 296
1656    "PeG"  "PuG"  "PiG"  "PaG"  "PEG"   "PG"  "PoG"  "PWaG"     ;; 304
1657    "SeG"  "SuG"  "SiG"  "SaG"  "SEG"   "SG"  "SoG"  "SWaG"     ;; 312
1658   "SSeG" "SSuG" "SSiG" "SSaG" "SSEG"  "SSG" "SSoG"      ""     ;; 320
1659    "feG"  "fuG"  "fiG"  "faG"  "fEG"   "fG"  "foG"  "fWaG"     ;; 328
1660    "peG"  "puG"  "piG"  "paG"  "pEG"   "pG"  "poG"  "pWaG"     ;; 336
1661   "mYaG" "rYaG" "fYaG"     ""     ""     ""     ""      ""     ;; 344
1662       "" "spaceG" "periodG" "commaG"                           ;; 352
1663   "semicolonG" "colonG" "precolonG" "oldqmarkG"                ;; 356
1664   "pbreakG" "andG" "huletG" "sostG" "aratG" "amstG" "sadstG" "sabatG"  ;; 360
1665   "smntG" "zeteNG" "asrG" "heyaG" "selasaG" "arbaG" "hemsaG" "slsaG"   ;; 368
1666   "sebaG" "semanyaG" "zeTanaG" "metoG" "asrxiG" "" "" ""               ;; 376
1667   "qqeG" "qquG" "qqiG" "qqaG" "qqEG" "qqG" "qqoG"    ""      ;; 384
1668   "mWeG" "bWeG" "GWeG" "fWeG" "pWeG"    ""     ""    ""      ;; 392
1669   "kkeG" "kkuG" "kkiG" "kkaG" "kkEG" "kkG" "kkoG"    ""      ;; 400
1670   "mWiG" "bWiG" "GWiG" "fWiG" "pWiG"    ""     ""    ""      ;; 408
1671    "XeG"  "XuG" "GXiG"  "XaG"  "XEG"  "XG"  "XoG"    ""      ;; 416
1672   "mWEG" "bWEG" "GWEG" "fWEG" "pWEG"    ""     ""    ""      ;; 424
1673   "ggeG" "gguG" "ggiG" "ggaG" "ggEG" "ggG" "ggoG"    ""      ;; 432
1674    "mWG" "bWG"   "GWG"  "fWG"  "pWG"    ""     ""    ""      ;; 440
1675   "ornamentG" "flandG" "iflandG" "africaG"                       ;; 448
1676   "iafricaG" "wWeG" "wWiG" "wWaG"                            ;; 452
1677   "wWEG"  "wWG" "" "slaqG" "dotG" "lquoteG" "rquoteG" "qmarkG" ])  ;; 456
1678
1679 ;;
1680 ;; To make tex-to-fidel mapping.
1681 ;; The following code makes
1682 ;;     (get 'ethio-tex-command-he 'ethio-fidel-char)  ==>  ?\e$(3!!\e(B
1683 ;; etc.
1684 ;;
1685
1686 (let ((i 0) str)
1687   (while (< i (length ethio-fidel-to-tex-map))
1688     (setq str (aref ethio-fidel-to-tex-map i))
1689     (if (not (string= str ""))
1690         (put
1691          (intern (concat "ethio-tex-command-" (aref ethio-fidel-to-tex-map i)))
1692          'ethio-fidel-char
1693          (ethio-ethiocode-to-char i)))
1694     (setq i (1+ i))))
1695
1696 ;;;###autoload
1697 (defun ethio-fidel-to-tex-buffer nil
1698   "Convert each fidel characters in the current buffer into a fidel-tex command.
1699 Each command is always surrounded by braces."
1700   (interactive)
1701   (let ((buffer-read-only nil))
1702
1703     ;; Isolated gemination marks need special treatement
1704     (goto-char (point-min))
1705     (while (search-forward "\e$(3%s\e(B" nil t)
1706       (replace-match "\\geminateG{}" t t))
1707
1708     ;; First, decompose geminations
1709     ;; Here we assume that each composed character consists of
1710     ;; one Ethiopic character and the Ethiopic gemination mark.
1711     (decompose-region (point-min) (point-max))
1712
1713     ;; Special treatment for geminated characters
1714     ;; The geminated character (la'') will be "\geminateG{\la}".
1715     (goto-char (point-min))
1716     (while (search-forward "\e$(3%s\e(B" nil t)
1717       (delete-backward-char 1)
1718       (backward-char 1)
1719       (insert "\\geminateG")
1720       (forward-char 1))
1721
1722     ;; Ethiopic characters to TeX macros
1723     (goto-char (point-min))
1724     (while (re-search-forward "\\ce" nil t)
1725       (insert
1726        "{\\"
1727        (aref ethio-fidel-to-tex-map
1728              (prog1 (ethio-char-to-ethiocode (preceding-char))
1729                (backward-delete-char 1)))
1730        "}"))
1731     (goto-char (point-min))
1732     (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1733
1734 ;;;###autoload
1735 (defun ethio-tex-to-fidel-buffer nil
1736   "Convert fidel-tex commands in the current buffer into fidel chars."
1737   (interactive)
1738   (let ((buffer-read-only nil)
1739         (p) (ch))
1740
1741     ;; Special treatment for gemination
1742     ;; "\geminateG{\la}" or "\geminateG{{\la}}" will be "\la\e$(3%s\e(B"
1743     ;; "\geminateG{}" remains unchanged.
1744     (goto-char (point-min))
1745     (while (re-search-forward "\\\\geminateG{\\(\\\\[a-zA-Z]+\\)}" nil t)
1746       (replace-match "\\1\e$(3%s\e(B"))
1747
1748     ;; TeX macros to Ethiopic characters
1749     (goto-char (point-min))
1750     (while (search-forward "\\" nil t)
1751       (setq p (point))
1752       (skip-chars-forward "a-zA-Z")
1753       (setq ch
1754             (get (intern (concat "ethio-tex-command-"
1755                                  (buffer-substring p (point))))
1756                  'ethio-fidel-char))
1757       (if ch
1758           (progn
1759             (delete-region (1- p) (point)) ; don't forget the preceding "\"
1760             (if (and (= (preceding-char) ?{)
1761                      (= (following-char) ?}))
1762                 (progn
1763                   (backward-delete-char 1)
1764                   (delete-char 1)))
1765             (insert ch))))
1766
1767     ;; compose geminated characters
1768     (goto-char (point-min))
1769     (while (re-search-forward "\\ce\e$(3%s\e(B" nil 0)
1770       (compose-region
1771        (save-excursion (backward-char 2) (point))
1772        (point)))
1773
1774     ;; Now it's time to convert isolated gemination marks.
1775     (goto-char (point-min))
1776     (while (search-forward "\\geminateG{}" nil t)
1777       (replace-match "\e$(3%s\e(B"))
1778
1779     (goto-char (point-min))
1780     (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1781
1782 ;;
1783 ;; Java support
1784 ;;
1785
1786 ;;;###autoload
1787 (defun ethio-fidel-to-java-buffer nil
1788   "Convert Ethiopic characters into the Java escape sequences.
1789
1790 Each escape sequence is of the form \\uXXXX, where XXXX is the
1791 character's codepoint (in hex) in Unicode.
1792
1793 If `ethio-java-save-lowercase' is non-nil, use [0-9a-f].
1794 Otherwise, [0-9A-F]."
1795   (let ((ucode))
1796
1797     ;; first, decompose geminations
1798     (decompose-region (point-min) (point-max))
1799
1800     (goto-char (point-min))
1801     (while (re-search-forward "\\ce" nil t)
1802       (setq ucode (+ ?\x1200 (ethio-char-to-ethiocode (preceding-char))))
1803       (if (> ucode ?\x13bc)
1804           (setq ucode (+ ucode 59952)))
1805       (delete-backward-char 1)
1806       (if ethio-java-save-lowercase
1807           (insert (format "\\u%4x" ucode))
1808         (insert (upcase (format "\\u%4x" ucode)))))))
1809
1810 ;;;###autoload
1811 (defun ethio-java-to-fidel-buffer nil
1812   "Convert the Java escape sequences into corresponding Ethiopic characters."
1813   (let ((ucode))
1814     (goto-char (point-min))
1815     (while (re-search-forward "\\\\u\\([0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]\\)" nil t)
1816       (setq ucode
1817             (read
1818              (concat
1819               "?\\x"
1820               (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))))
1821       (cond
1822        ((and (>= ucode ?\x1200) (<= ucode ?\x13bc))
1823         (replace-match "")
1824         (insert (ethio-ethiocode-to-char (- ucode ?\x1200))))
1825        ((and (>= ucode ?\xfdf1) (<= ucode ?\xfdff))
1826         (replace-match "")
1827         (insert (ethio-ethiocode-to-char (- ucode 64560))))
1828        (t
1829         nil)))
1830
1831     ;; gemination
1832     (goto-char (point-min))
1833     (while (re-search-forward "\\ce\e$(3%s\e(B" nil 0)
1834       (compose-region
1835        (save-excursion (backward-char 2) (point))
1836        (point)))
1837     ))
1838
1839 ;;
1840 ;; file I/O hooks
1841 ;;
1842
1843 ;;;###autoload
1844 (defun ethio-find-file nil
1845   "Transcribe file content into Ethiopic depending on filename suffix."
1846   (cond
1847
1848    ((string-match "\\.sera$" (buffer-file-name))
1849     (save-excursion
1850       (ethio-sera-to-fidel-buffer nil 'force)
1851       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1852
1853    ((string-match "\\.html$" (buffer-file-name))
1854     (let ((ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3 t))
1855       (save-excursion
1856         (ethio-sera-to-fidel-marker 'force)
1857         (goto-char (point-min))
1858         (while (re-search-forward "&[lr]aquote;" nil t)
1859           (if (= (char-after (1+ (match-beginning 0))) ?l)
1860               (replace-match "\e$(3%v\e(B")
1861             (replace-match "\e$(3%w\e(B")))
1862         (set-buffer-modified-p nil))))
1863
1864    ((string-match "\\.tex$" (buffer-file-name))
1865     (save-excursion
1866       (ethio-tex-to-fidel-buffer)
1867       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1868
1869    ((string-match "\\.java$" (buffer-file-name))
1870     (save-excursion
1871       (ethio-java-to-fidel-buffer)
1872       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1873
1874    (t
1875     nil)))
1876
1877 ;;;###autoload
1878 (defun ethio-write-file nil
1879   "Transcribe Ethiopic characters in ASCII depending on the file extension."
1880   (cond
1881
1882    ((string-match "\\.sera$" (buffer-file-name))
1883     (save-excursion
1884       (ethio-fidel-to-sera-buffer nil 'force)
1885       (goto-char (point-min))
1886       (ethio-record-user-preference)
1887       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1888
1889    ((string-match "\\.html$" (buffer-file-name))
1890     (save-excursion
1891       (let ((ethio-sera-being-called-by-w3 t)
1892             (lq (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 461))
1893             (rq (aref ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 462)))
1894         (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 461 "&laquote;")
1895         (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 462 "&raquote;")
1896         (ethio-fidel-to-sera-marker 'force)
1897         (goto-char (point-min))
1898         (if (search-forward "<sera>" nil t)
1899             (ethio-record-user-preference))
1900         (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 461 lq)
1901         (aset ethio-fidel-to-sera-map 462 rq)
1902         (set-buffer-modified-p nil))))
1903
1904    ((string-match "\\.tex$" (buffer-file-name))
1905     (save-excursion
1906       (ethio-fidel-to-tex-buffer)
1907       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1908
1909    ((string-match "\\.java$" (buffer-file-name))
1910     (save-excursion
1911       (ethio-fidel-to-java-buffer)
1912       (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))
1913
1914    (t
1915     nil)))
1916
1917 (defun ethio-record-user-preference nil
1918   (if (looking-at "\\\\~\\(tir?\\|amh?\\) ")
1919       (goto-char (match-end 0))
1920     (insert (if (ethio-prefer-amharic-p) "\\~amh " "\\~tir ")))
1921   (insert (if ethio-use-colon-for-colon "\\~-: " "\\~`: ")
1922           (if ethio-use-three-dot-question "\\~`| " "\\~`? ")))
1923
1924 ;;
1925 ;; Ethiopic word separator vs. ASCII space
1926 ;;
1927
1928 (defvar ethio-prefer-ascii-space t)
1929 (make-variable-buffer-local 'ethio-prefer-ascii-space)
1930
1931 (defun ethio-toggle-space nil
1932   "Toggle ASCII space and Ethiopic separator for keyboard input."
1933   (interactive)
1934   (setq ethio-prefer-ascii-space
1935         (not ethio-prefer-ascii-space))
1936   (if (equal current-input-method "ethiopic")
1937       (setq current-input-method-title (quail-title)))
1938   (force-mode-line-update))
1939
1940 (defun ethio-insert-space (arg)
1941   "Insert ASCII spaces or Ethiopic word separators depending on context.
1942
1943 If the current word separator (indicated in mode-line) is the ASCII space,
1944 insert an ASCII space.  With ARG, insert that many ASCII spaces.
1945
1946 If the current word separator is the colon-like Ethiopic word
1947 separator and the point is preceded by `an Ethiopic punctuation mark
1948 followed by zero or more ASCII spaces', then insert also an ASCII
1949 space.  With ARG, insert that many ASCII spaces.
1950
1951 Otherwise, insert a colon-like Ethiopic word separator.  With ARG, insert that
1952 many Ethiopic word separators."
1953
1954   (interactive "*p")
1955   (cond
1956    (ethio-prefer-ascii-space
1957     (insert-char 32 arg))
1958    ((save-excursion
1959       (skip-chars-backward " ")
1960       (memq (preceding-char)
1961             '(?\e$(3$h\e(B ?\e$(3$i\e(B ?\e$(3$j\e(B ?\e$(3$k\e(B ?\e$(3$l\e(B ?\e$(3$m\e(B ?\e$(3$n\e(B ?\e$(3$o\e(B ?\e$(3%t\e(B ?\e$(3%u\e(B ?\e$(3%v\e(B ?\e$(3%w\e(B ?\e$(3%x\e(B)))
1962     (insert-char 32 arg))
1963    (t
1964     (insert-char ?\e$(3$h\e(B arg))))
1965
1966 (defun ethio-insert-ethio-space (arg)
1967   "Insert the Ethiopic word delimiter (the colon-like character).
1968 With ARG, insert that many delimiters."
1969   (interactive "*p")
1970   (insert-char ?\e$(3$h\e(B arg))
1971
1972 ;;
1973 ;; Ethiopic punctuation vs. ASCII punctuation
1974 ;;
1975
1976 (defvar ethio-prefer-ascii-punctuation nil)
1977 (make-variable-buffer-local 'ethio-prefer-ascii-punctuation)
1978
1979 (defun ethio-toggle-punctuation nil
1980   "Toggle Ethiopic punctuations and ASCII punctuations for keyboard input."
1981   (interactive)
1982   (setq ethio-prefer-ascii-punctuation
1983         (not ethio-prefer-ascii-punctuation))
1984   (let* ((keys '("." ".." "..." "," ",," ";" ";;" ":" "::" ":::" "*" "**"))
1985          (puncs
1986           (if ethio-prefer-ascii-punctuation
1987               '(?. [".."] ["..."] ?, [",,"] ?\; [";;"] ?: ["::"] [":::"] ?* ["**"])
1988             '(?\e$(3$i\e(B ?\e$(3%u\e(B ?. ?\e$(3$j\e(B ?, ?\e$(3$k\e(B ?\; ?\e$(3$h\e(B ?\e$(3$i\e(B ?: ?* ?\e$(3$o\e(B))))
1989     (while keys
1990       (quail-defrule (car keys) (car puncs) "ethiopic")
1991       (setq keys (cdr keys)
1992             puncs (cdr puncs)))
1993     (if (equal current-input-method "ethiopic")
1994         (setq current-input-method-title (quail-title)))
1995     (force-mode-line-update)))
1996
1997 ;;
1998 ;; Gemination
1999 ;;
2000
2001 (defun ethio-gemination nil
2002   "Compose the character before the point with the Ethiopic gemination mark.
2003 If the character is already composed, decompose it and remove the gemination
2004 mark."
2005   (interactive "*")
2006   (cond
2007    ((eq (char-charset (preceding-char)) 'ethiopic)
2008     (insert "\e$(3%s\e(B")
2009     (compose-region
2010      (save-excursion (backward-char 2) (point))
2011      (point))
2012     (forward-char 1))
2013    ((eq (char-charset (preceding-char)) 'leading-code-composition)
2014     (decompose-region
2015      (save-excursion (backward-char 1) (point))
2016      (point))
2017     (delete-backward-char 1))
2018    (t
2019     (error ""))))
2020
2021 ;;
2022 (provide 'ethio-util)
2023
2024 ;;; arch-tag: c8feb3d6-39bf-4b0a-b6ef-26f03fbc8140
2025 ;;; ethio-util.el ends here