Tweak recent flymake change
[emacs.git] / etc / refcards / refcard.tex
blob6eefd1560ce47183ae8d22b89a3e56233377e2e5
1 % Reference Card for GNU Emacs
3 % Copyright (C) 1987, 1993, 1996-1997, 2001-2016 Free Software
4 % Foundation, Inc.
6 % Author: Stephen Gildea <gildea@stop.mail-abuse.org>
8 % This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 % the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
11 % (at your option) any later version.
13 % As a special additional permission, you may distribute reference cards
14 % printed, or formatted for printing, with the notice "Released under
15 % the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later"
16 % instead of the usual distributed-under-the-GNU-GPL notice, and without
17 % a copy of the GPL itself.
19 % This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
20 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
21 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
22 % GNU General Public License for more details.
24 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
25 % along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
28 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
30 % The final reference card has six columns, three on each side.
31 % This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways:
32 % 1 column per page
33 % produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%.
34 % This gives the best resolution.
35 % 2 columns per page
36 % produces three already-reduced pages.
37 % You will still need to cut and paste.
38 % 3 columns per page
39 % produces two pages which must be printed sideways to make a
40 % ready-to-use 8.5 x 11 inch reference card.
41 % For this you need a dvi device driver that can print sideways.
42 % Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage.
44 % To compile and print this document:
45 % tex refcard.tex
46 % dvips -t landscape refcard.dvi
48 % Thanks to Paul Rubin, Bob Chassell, Len Tower, and Richard Mlynarik
49 % for their many good ideas.
51 %**start of header
52 \newcount\columnsperpage
53 \newcount\letterpaper
55 % This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page.
56 % Specify how many you want here.
57 \columnsperpage=3
59 % Set letterpaper to 0 for A4 paper, 1 for letter (US) paper. Useful
60 % only when columnsperpage is 2 or 3.
61 \letterpaper=1
63 % PDF output layout. 0 for A4, 1 for letter (US), a `l' is added for
64 % a landscape layout.
65 \input pdflayout.sty
66 \pdflayout=(1l)
68 % Nothing else needs to be changed below this line.
70 \input emacsver.tex
72 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill
73 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
74 Permissions on back.}}
76 \def\copyrightnotice{
77 \vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small
78 \centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
79 \centerline{For GNU Emacs version \versionemacs}
80 \centerline{Designed by Stephen Gildea}
82 Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later.
84 \TeX{} source for this card is distributed with Emacs in {\tt etc/refcards/}
86 For copies of the GNU Emacs manual, see:
88 {\tt http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/\#Manuals}
89 \endgroup}
91 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
92 % can be scanned without complaint.
93 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
95 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
96 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
97 \newbox\columnb
99 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
101 \message{[\ncolumns\space
102 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]}
104 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1}
106 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
107 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
108 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
109 \hsize 4in
110 \vsize 10in
111 \voffset -.7in
112 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
113 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
114 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm
115 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy
117 \footline{\hss\folio}
118 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}}
119 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
120 \hsize 3.2in
121 \if 1\the\letterpaper
122 \vsize 7.95in
123 \else
124 \vsize 7.65in
126 \hoffset -.75in
127 \voffset -.745in
128 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2
129 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1
130 \font\smallfont=cmr6
131 \font\smallsy=cmsy6
132 \font\eightrm=cmr8
133 \font\eightbf=cmbx8
134 \font\eightit=cmti8
135 \font\eighttt=cmtt8
136 \font\eightmi=cmmi8
137 \font\eightsy=cmsy8
138 \textfont0=\eightrm
139 \textfont1=\eightmi
140 \textfont2=\eightsy
141 \def\rm{\eightrm}
142 \def\bf{\eightbf}
143 \def\it{\eightit}
144 \def\tt{\eighttt}
145 \if 1\the\letterpaper
146 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip
147 \else
148 \normalbaselineskip=.7\normalbaselineskip
150 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip
151 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit
152 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
154 \if 2\ncolumns
155 \let\maxcolumn=b
156 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
157 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}}
158 \else \if 3\ncolumns
159 \let\maxcolumn=c
160 \nopagenumbers
161 \else
162 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
163 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
164 \fi\fi
166 \intercolumnskip=.46in
167 \def\abc{a}
168 \output={% %see The TeXbook page 257
169 % This next line is useful when designing the layout.
170 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
171 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a}
172 \else\if a\abc
173 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b}
174 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
175 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{}
176 \else
177 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi}
178 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
179 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
180 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
181 \makefootline}\advancepageno}
182 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
184 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
185 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
186 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
187 \end}
190 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
191 % we might want to talk about
192 \catcode`\^=12
193 \catcode`\_=12
195 \chardef\\=`\\
196 \chardef\{=`\{
197 \chardef\}=`\}
199 \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
201 \parindent 0pt
202 \parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex
204 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip}
206 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
207 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
208 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
210 % title - page title. Argument is title text.
211 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex}
213 % section - new major section. Argument is section name.
214 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
215 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
216 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex}
218 \newdimen\keyindent
220 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
221 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
222 % definitions, will not.
223 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em}
224 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em}
225 \endindentedkeys
227 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
228 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
229 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
230 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
232 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
233 \def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}}
235 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
236 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
238 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
239 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
240 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
241 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt}
242 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\ }
243 \def\endexample{\endgroup}
245 % key - definition of a key.
246 % \key{description of key}{key-name}
247 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
248 % form near the right margin.
249 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop
250 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em
251 \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
253 \newbox\metaxbox
254 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }}
255 \newdimen\metaxwidth
256 \metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox
258 % metax - definition of a M-x command.
259 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
260 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
261 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
262 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize
263 {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}%
264 \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil
265 \kbd{#2}\hfil}}
267 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
268 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
269 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
270 &\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr}
272 %**end of header
275 \title{GNU Emacs Reference Card}
277 \centerline{(for version \versionemacs)}
279 \section{Starting Emacs}
281 To enter GNU Emacs \versionemacs, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}
283 \section{Leaving Emacs}
285 \key{suspend Emacs (or iconify it under X)}{C-z}
286 \key{exit Emacs permanently}{C-x C-c}
288 \section{Files}
290 \key{{\bf read} a file into Emacs}{C-x C-f}
291 \key{{\bf save} a file back to disk}{C-x C-s}
292 \key{save {\bf all} files}{C-x s}
293 \key{{\bf insert} contents of another file into this buffer}{C-x i}
294 \key{replace this file with the file you really want}{C-x C-v}
295 \key{write buffer to a specified file}{C-x C-w}
296 \key{toggle read-only status of buffer}{C-x C-q}
298 \section{Getting Help}
300 The help system is simple. Type \kbd{C-h} (or \kbd{F1}) and follow
301 the directions. If you are a first-time user, type \kbd{C-h t} for a
302 {\bf tutorial}.
304 \key{remove help window}{C-x 1}
305 \key{scroll help window}{C-M-v}
307 \key{apropos: show commands matching a string}{C-h a}
308 \key{describe the function a key runs}{C-h k}
309 \key{describe a function}{C-h f}
310 \key{get mode-specific information}{C-h m}
312 \section{Error Recovery}
314 \key{{\bf abort} partially typed or executing command}{C-g}
315 \metax{{\bf recover} files lost by a system crash}{M-x recover-session}
316 \metax{{\bf undo} an unwanted change}{C-x u, C-_ {\rm or} C-/}
317 \metax{restore a buffer to its original contents}{M-x revert-buffer}
318 \key{redraw garbaged screen}{C-l}
320 \section{Incremental Search}
322 \key{search forward}{C-s}
323 \key{search backward}{C-r}
324 \key{regular expression search}{C-M-s}
325 \key{reverse regular expression search}{C-M-r}
327 \key{select previous search string}{M-p}
328 \key{select next later search string}{M-n}
329 \key{exit incremental search}{RET}
330 \key{undo effect of last character}{DEL}
331 \key{abort current search}{C-g}
333 Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction.
334 If Emacs is still searching, \kbd{C-g} cancels only the part not matched.
336 \shortcopyrightnotice
338 \newcolumn
339 \section{Motion}
341 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
342 \threecol{{\bf entity to move over}}{{\bf backward}}{{\bf forward}}
343 \threecol{character}{C-b}{C-f}
344 \threecol{word}{M-b}{M-f}
345 \threecol{line}{C-p}{C-n}
346 \threecol{go to line beginning (or end)}{C-a}{C-e}
347 \threecol{sentence}{M-a}{M-e}
348 \threecol{paragraph}{M-\{}{M-\}}
349 \threecol{page}{C-x [}{C-x ]}
350 \threecol{sexp}{C-M-b}{C-M-f}
351 \threecol{function}{C-M-a}{C-M-e}
352 \threecol{go to buffer beginning (or end)}{M-<}{M->}
355 \key{scroll to next screen}{C-v}
356 \key{scroll to previous screen}{M-v}
357 \key{scroll left}{C-x <}
358 \key{scroll right}{C-x >}
359 \key{scroll current line to center, top, bottom}{C-l}
361 \key{goto line}{M-g g}
362 \key{goto char}{M-g c}
363 \key{back to indentation}{M-m}
365 \section{Killing and Deleting}
367 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
368 \threecol{{\bf entity to kill}}{{\bf backward}}{{\bf forward}}
369 \threecol{character (delete, not kill)}{DEL}{C-d}
370 \threecol{word}{M-DEL}{M-d}
371 \threecol{line (to end of)}{M-0 C-k}{C-k}
372 \threecol{sentence}{C-x DEL}{M-k}
373 \threecol{sexp}{M-- C-M-k}{C-M-k}
376 \key{kill {\bf region}}{C-w}
377 \key{copy region to kill ring}{M-w}
378 \key{kill through next occurrence of {\it char}}{M-z {\it char}}
380 \key{yank back last thing killed}{C-y}
381 \key{replace last yank with previous kill}{M-y}
383 \section{Marking}
385 \key{set mark here}{C-@ {\rm or} C-SPC}
386 \key{exchange point and mark}{C-x C-x}
388 \key{set mark {\it arg\/} {\bf words} away}{M-@}
389 \key{mark {\bf paragraph}}{M-h}
390 \key{mark {\bf page}}{C-x C-p}
391 \key{mark {\bf sexp}}{C-M-@}
392 \key{mark {\bf function}}{C-M-h}
393 \key{mark entire {\bf buffer}}{C-x h}
395 \section{Query Replace}
397 \key{interactively replace a text string}{M-\%}
398 % query-replace-regexp is bound to C-M-% but that can't be typed on
399 % consoles.
400 \metax{using regular expressions}{M-x query-replace-regexp}
402 Valid responses in query-replace mode are
404 \key{{\bf replace} this one, go on to next}{SPC {\rm or} y}
405 \key{replace this one, don't move}{,}
406 \key{{\bf skip} to next without replacing}{DEL {\rm or} n}
407 \key{replace all remaining matches}{!}
408 \key{{\bf back up} to the previous match}{^}
409 \key{{\bf exit} query-replace}{RET}
410 \key{enter recursive edit (\kbd{C-M-c} to exit)}{C-r}
412 \newcolumn
413 \section{Multiple Windows}
415 When two commands are shown, the second is a similar command for a
416 frame instead of a window.
418 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 0\wd0
419 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
420 \threecol{delete all other windows}{C-x 1\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 1}
421 \threecol{split window, above and below}{C-x 2\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 2}
422 \threecol{delete this window}{C-x 0\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 0}
424 \key{split window, side by side}{C-x 3}
426 \key{scroll other window}{C-M-v}
428 {\setbox0=\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by 2\wd0
429 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
430 \threecol{switch cursor to another window}{C-x o}{C-x 5 o}
432 \threecol{select buffer in other window}{C-x 4 b}{C-x 5 b}
433 \threecol{display buffer in other window}{C-x 4 C-o}{C-x 5 C-o}
434 \threecol{find file in other window}{C-x 4 f}{C-x 5 f}
435 \threecol{find file read-only in other window}{C-x 4 r}{C-x 5 r}
436 \threecol{run Dired in other window}{C-x 4 d}{C-x 5 d}
437 \threecol{find tag in other window}{C-x 4 .}{C-x 5 .}
440 \key{grow window taller}{C-x ^}
441 \key{shrink window narrower}{C-x \{}
442 \key{grow window wider}{C-x \}}
444 \section{Formatting}
446 \key{indent current {\bf line} (mode-dependent)}{TAB}
447 \key{indent {\bf region} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-\\}
448 \key{indent {\bf sexp} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-q}
449 \key{indent region rigidly {\it arg\/} columns}{C-x TAB}
450 \key{indent for comment}{M-;}
452 \key{insert newline after point}{C-o}
453 \key{move rest of line vertically down}{C-M-o}
454 \key{delete blank lines around point}{C-x C-o}
455 \key{join line with previous (with arg, next)}{M-^}
456 \key{delete all white space around point}{M-\\}
457 \key{put exactly one space at point}{M-SPC}
459 \key{fill paragraph}{M-q}
460 \key{set fill column to {\it arg}}{C-x f}
461 \key{set prefix each line starts with}{C-x .}
463 \key{set face}{M-o}
465 \section{Case Change}
467 \key{uppercase word}{M-u}
468 \key{lowercase word}{M-l}
469 \key{capitalize word}{M-c}
471 \key{uppercase region}{C-x C-u}
472 \key{lowercase region}{C-x C-l}
474 \section{The Minibuffer}
476 The following keys are defined in the minibuffer.
478 \key{complete as much as possible}{TAB}
479 \key{complete up to one word}{SPC}
480 \key{complete and execute}{RET}
481 \key{show possible completions}{?}
482 \key{fetch previous minibuffer input}{M-p}
483 \key{fetch later minibuffer input or default}{M-n}
484 \key{regexp search backward through history}{M-r}
485 \key{regexp search forward through history}{M-s}
486 \key{abort command}{C-g}
488 Type \kbd{C-x ESC ESC} to edit and repeat the last command that used the
489 minibuffer. Type \kbd{F10} to activate menu bar items on text terminals.
491 \newcolumn
492 \title{GNU Emacs Reference Card}
494 \section{Buffers}
496 \key{select another buffer}{C-x b}
497 \key{list all buffers}{C-x C-b}
498 \key{kill a buffer}{C-x k}
500 \section{Transposing}
502 \key{transpose {\bf characters}}{C-t}
503 \key{transpose {\bf words}}{M-t}
504 \key{transpose {\bf lines}}{C-x C-t}
505 \key{transpose {\bf sexps}}{C-M-t}
507 \section{Spelling Check}
509 \key{check spelling of current word}{M-\$}
510 \metax{check spelling of all words in region}{M-x ispell-region}
511 \metax{check spelling of entire buffer}{M-x ispell-buffer}
512 \metax{toggle on-the-fly spell checking}{M-x flyspell-mode}
514 \section{Tags}
516 \key{find a tag (a definition)}{M-.}
517 \key{find next occurrence of tag}{C-u M-.}
518 \metax{specify a new tags file}{M-x visit-tags-table}
520 \metax{regexp search on all files in tags table}{M-x tags-search}
521 \metax{run query-replace on all the files}{M-x tags-query-replace}
522 \key{continue last tags search or query-replace}{M-,}
524 \section{Shells}
526 \key{execute a shell command}{M-!}
527 \key{execute a shell command asynchronously}{M-\&}
528 \key{run a shell command on the region}{M-|}
529 \key{filter region through a shell command}{C-u M-|}
530 \key{start a shell in window \kbd{*shell*}}{M-x shell}
532 \section{Rectangles}
534 \key{copy rectangle to register}{C-x r r}
535 \key{kill rectangle}{C-x r k}
536 \key{yank rectangle}{C-x r y}
537 \key{open rectangle, shifting text right}{C-x r o}
538 \key{blank out rectangle}{C-x r c}
539 \key{prefix each line with a string}{C-x r t}
541 \section{Abbrevs}
543 \key{add global abbrev}{C-x a g}
544 \key{add mode-local abbrev}{C-x a l}
545 \key{add global expansion for this abbrev}{C-x a i g}
546 \key{add mode-local expansion for this abbrev}{C-x a i l}
547 \key{explicitly expand abbrev}{C-x a e}
549 \key{expand previous word dynamically}{M-/}
551 \section{Miscellaneous}
553 \key{numeric argument}{C-u {\it num}}
554 \key{negative argument}{M--}
555 \key{quoted insert}{C-q {\it char}}
557 \newcolumn
558 \section{Regular Expressions}
560 \key{any single character except a newline}{. {\rm(dot)}}
561 \key{zero or more repeats}{*}
562 \key{one or more repeats}{+}
563 \key{zero or one repeat}{?}
564 \key{quote special characters}{\\}
565 \key{quote regular expression special character {\it c\/}}{\\{\it c}}
566 \key{alternative (``or'')}{\\|}
567 \key{grouping}{\\( {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
568 \key{shy grouping}{\\(:? {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
569 \key{explicit numbered grouping}{\\(:NUM {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
570 \key{same text as {\it n\/}th group}{\\{\it n}}
571 \key{at word break}{\\b}
572 \key{not at word break}{\\B}
574 \paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
575 \threecol{{\bf entity}}{{\bf match start}}{{\bf match end}}
576 \threecol{line}{^}{\$}
577 \threecol{word}{\\<}{\\>}
578 \threecol{symbol}{\\_<}{\\_>}
579 \threecol{buffer}{\\`}{\\'}
580 %% FIXME: "`" and "'" isn't displayed correctly in the output PDF file
582 \threecol{{\bf class of characters}}{{\bf match these}}{{\bf match others}}
583 \threecol{explicit set}{[ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}{[^ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}
584 \threecol{word-syntax character}{\\w}{\\W}
585 \threecol{character with syntax {\it c}}{\\s{\it c}}{\\S{\it c}}
586 \threecol{character with category {\it c}}{\\c{\it c}}{\\C{\it c}}
589 \section{International Character Sets}
591 \key{specify principal language}{C-x RET l}
592 \metax{show all input methods}{M-x list-input-methods}
593 \key{enable or disable input method}{C-\\}
594 \key{set coding system for next command}{C-x RET c}
595 \metax{show all coding systems}{M-x list-coding-systems}
596 \metax{choose preferred coding system}{M-x prefer-coding-system}
598 \section{Info}
600 \key{enter the Info documentation reader}{C-h i}
601 \key{find specified function or variable in Info}{C-h S}
602 \beginindentedkeys
604 Moving within a node:
606 \key{scroll forward}{SPC}
607 \key{scroll reverse}{DEL}
608 \key{beginning of node}{b}
610 Moving between nodes:
612 \key{{\bf next} node}{n}
613 \key{{\bf previous} node}{p}
614 \key{move {\bf up}}{u}
615 \key{select menu item by name}{m}
616 \key{select {\it n\/}th menu item by number (1--9)}{{\it n}}
617 \key{follow cross reference (return with \kbd{l})}{f}
618 \key{return to last node you saw}{l}
619 \key{return to directory node}{d}
620 \key{go to top node of Info file}{t}
621 \key{go to any node by name}{g}
623 Other:
625 \key{run Info {\bf tutorial}}{h}
626 \key{look up a subject in the indices}{i}
627 \key{search nodes for regexp}{s}
628 \key{{\bf quit} Info}{q}
630 \endindentedkeys
632 \newcolumn
633 \section{Registers}
635 \key{save region in register}{C-x r s}
636 \key{insert register contents into buffer}{C-x r i}
638 \key{save value of point in register}{C-x r SPC}
639 \key{jump to point saved in register}{C-x r j}
641 \section{Keyboard Macros}
643 \key{{\bf start} defining a keyboard macro}{C-x (}
644 \key{{\bf end} keyboard macro definition}{C-x )}
645 \key{{\bf execute} last-defined keyboard macro}{C-x e}
646 \key{append to last keyboard macro}{C-u C-x (}
647 \metax{name last keyboard macro}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro}
648 \metax{insert Lisp definition in buffer}{M-x insert-kbd-macro}
650 \section{Commands Dealing with Emacs Lisp}
652 \key{eval {\bf sexp} before point}{C-x C-e}
653 \key{eval current {\bf defun}}{C-M-x}
654 \metax{eval {\bf region}}{M-x eval-region}
655 \key{read and eval minibuffer}{M-:}
656 \metax{load a Lisp library from {\bf load-path}}{M-x load-library}
658 \section{Simple Customization}
660 \metax{customize variables and faces}{M-x customize}
662 % The intended audience here is the person who wants to make simple
663 % customizations and knows Lisp syntax.
665 Making global key bindings in Emacs Lisp (example):
667 \beginexample%
668 (global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'search-forward)
669 (global-set-key (kbd "M-\#") 'query-replace-regexp)
670 \endexample
672 \section{Writing Commands}
674 \beginexample%
675 (defun \<command-name> (\<args>)
676 "\<documentation>" (interactive "\<template>")
677 \<body>)
678 \endexample
680 An example:
682 \beginexample%
683 (defun this-line-to-top-of-window (line)
684 "Reposition current line to top of window.
685 With prefix argument LINE, put point on LINE."
686 (interactive "P")
687 (recenter (if (null line)
689 (prefix-numeric-value line))))
690 \endexample
692 The \kbd{interactive} spec says how to read arguments interactively.
693 Type \kbd{C-h f interactive RET} for more details.
695 \copyrightnotice
697 \bye
699 % Local variables:
700 % compile-command: "pdftex refcard"
701 % End: