2 % Reference Card for GNU Emacs
4 % Copyright (C) 1999, 2001-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6 % Author: Stephen Gildea <gildea@stop.mail-abuse.org>
7 % Polish translation: W{\l}odek Bzyl <matwb@univ.gda.pl>
9 % This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 % the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
12 % (at your option) any later version.
14 % As a special additional permission, you may distribute reference cards
15 % printed, or formatted for printing, with the notice "Released under
16 % the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later"
17 % instead of the usual distributed-under-the-GNU-GPL notice, and without
18 % a copy of the GPL itself.
20 % This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
21 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
22 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
23 % GNU General Public License for more details.
25 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
26 % along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
29 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
31 % The final reference card has six columns, three on each side.
32 % This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways:
34 % produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%.
35 % This gives the best resolution.
37 % produces three already-reduced pages.
38 % You will still need to cut and paste.
39 % Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage.
41 % Translated into Polish language by W{\l}odek Bzyl (matwb@univ.gda.pl)
42 % who also added new section on `Dired' and added info about Polish
43 % support in Emacs to section `International Character Sets'.
45 % This file uses macros and fonts defined in the mex format.
46 % These macros and fonts are part of a current WEB2C
47 % distribution of TeX, for example teTeX (unix) fpTeX (windows).
48 % TeTeX comes with texconfig utility which could be used in
49 % particular to generate formats. Just run it and follow instructions.
51 % Note that the original Emacs refcard.tex uses macros and fonts
52 % defined in plain format. This file uses mex format which is
53 % a Polish adaptation of plain.
59 \errmessage{This file requires `mex' format to be typeset correctly.
60 See head of this file for the comments how to generate mex format
}
66 % This file can be printed with 1, or 2 columns per page.
67 % Specify how many you want here.
68 \newcount\columnsperpage
71 % PDF output layout. 0 for A4, 1 for letter (US), a `l' is added for
78 % Nothing else needs to be changed.
80 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus
2 fill
81 \centerline{\small \copyright\
\year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
82 Permissions on back.
}}
85 \vskip 1ex plus
2 fill
\begingroup\small
86 \centerline{Copyright
\copyright\
\year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
}
87 \centerline{dla GNU Emacsa
\versionemacs}
88 \centerline{projekt Stephen Gildea
}
89 \centerline{t/lumaczenie W/lodek Bzyl
}
91 Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version
3 or later.
93 \TeX{} source for this card is distributed with Emacs in
{\tt etc/refcards/
}
95 For copies of the GNU Emacs manual, see:
97 {\tt http:////www.gnu.org//software//emacs//\#Manuals
}
100 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
101 % can be scanned without complaint.
102 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
104 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
105 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
108 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
110 \message{[\ncolumns\space
111 column
\if 1\ncolumns\else s
\fi\space per page
]}
113 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled
\magstep #1}
115 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
116 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
117 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
121 \font\titlefont=
\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
122 \font\headingfont=
\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
123 \font\smallfont=
\fontname\sevenrm
124 \font\smallsy=
\fontname\sevensy
126 \footline{\hss\folio}
127 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in
\line{\the\footline}}
128 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
133 \font\titlefont=plbx10
\scaledmag2
134 \font\headingfont=plbx10
\scaledmag1
150 \normalbaselineskip=
.8\normalbaselineskip
151 \normallineskip=
.8\normallineskip
152 \normallineskiplimit=
.8\normallineskiplimit
153 \setbox\strutbox=
\hbox{\vrule height6.5pt depth2.5pt width0pt
}
154 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
158 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
159 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in
\hsize=
6.86in
\line{\the\footline}}
161 % \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
162 % \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
163 \errhelp{\columnsperpage powinna by/c r/owna
1 albo
2.
}
164 \errmessage{Niedozwolona liczba kolumn na stronie.
}
167 \intercolumnskip=
.46in
169 \output=
{% %see The TeXbook page 257
170 % This next line is useful when designing the layout.
171 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
172 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a
}
174 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b
}
175 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
176 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -
\intercolumnskip{}
178 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c
}\fi\fi}
179 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
180 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
181 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
182 \makefootline}\advancepageno}
183 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
185 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
186 \if a
\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
187 \if a
\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
191 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
192 % we might want to talk about
200 %\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
203 \parskip 1ex plus
.5ex minus
.5ex
205 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=
\smallsy\baselineskip=
.8\baselineskip}
207 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
208 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
209 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
211 % title - page title. Argument is title text.
212 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus
.5ex
}
214 % section - new major section. Argument is section name.
215 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
216 \vskip 3ex plus
2ex minus
2ex
{\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
217 \vskip 2ex plus
1ex minus
1.5ex
}
221 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
222 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
223 % definitions, will not.
224 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=
1em
}
225 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=
0em
}
228 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
229 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
230 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
231 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
233 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
234 \def\<
#1>
{{\it #1\/
}}
236 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
237 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
239 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
240 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
241 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
242 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt}
243 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\
}
244 \def\endexample{\endgroup}
246 % (WB) -- changed macros
248 % key - definition of a key.
249 % \key{description of key}{key-name}
250 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
251 % form near the right margin.
252 %\def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop
253 % {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em
254 % \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
255 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to
\hsize{\vbox
256 {\hsize=
.75\hsize\rightskip=
1em
258 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=
1em
\strut#1\strut\par}\kbd{\quad#2}\hss}}
261 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x
}}
263 \metaxwidth=
\wd\metaxbox
265 % metax - definition of a M-x command.
266 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
267 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
268 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
269 %\def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize
270 % {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}%
271 % \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil
273 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to
\hsize{\vbox
274 {\hsize=
.74\hsize\rightskip=
1em
276 \hskip\keyindent\hangindent=
1em
\strut#1\strut\par}%
277 \hskip-
\metaxwidth minus
1fil
280 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
281 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
282 %\def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
283 % &\kbd{#3}\hfill\quad\cr}
284 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&
\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
286 \def\threecolheader#1#2#3{\threecol#1#2#3\noalign{\smallskip}}
290 \newdimen\raggedstretch
291 \newskip\raggedparfill \raggedparfill=
0pt plus
1fil
293 {\hyphenpenalty10000\exhyphenpenalty10000\pretolerance10000}
295 {\spaceskip=
0.3333em
\relax
296 \xspaceskip=
0.5em
\relax}
300 \rightskip=
0pt plus
\raggedstretch
302 \parfillskip=
\raggedparfill
304 \def\newline{\hfil\break}
311 %\title{GNU Emacs Reference Card}
312 \title{Przegl/ad polece/n GNU Emacsa
}
314 \centerline{(dla wersji
\versionemacs)
}
316 \section{Uruchamianie Emacsa
}
318 %To enter GNU Emacs 20, just type its name: \kbd{emacs}
319 Aby uruchomi/c GNU Emacsa
\versionemacs, napisz jego nazw/e:
\kbd{emacs
}
321 %To read in a file to edit, see Files, below.
322 Aby wczyta/c plik do edycji, patrz rozdzia/l
{\bf Pliki
} poni/zej.
324 \section{Opuszczanie Emacsa
}
326 %\key{suspend Emacs (or iconify it under X)}{C-z}
327 \key{tymczasowe zatrzymanie Emacsa
}{C-z
}
328 %\key{exit Emacs permanently}{C-x C-c}
329 \key{zako/nczenie sesji z Emacsem
}{C-x C-c
}
333 \key{{\bf wczytaj
} plik do Emacsa
}{C-x C-f
}
334 \key{{\bf zapisz
} plik na dysk
}{C-x C-s
}
335 \key{zapisz
{\bf wszystkie
} pliki
}{C-x s
}
336 \key{{\bf wstaw
} zawarto/s/c innego pliku do bufora
}{C-x i
}
337 %\key{replace this file with the file you really want}{C-x C-v}
338 \key{zamie/n plik w buforze na inny
}{C-x C-v
}
339 %\key{write buffer to a specified file}{C-x C-w}
340 \key{zapisz bufor do pliku z podaniem nazwy
}{C-x C-w
}
341 %\key{version control checkin//checkout}{C-x C-q}
342 \key{kontrola wersji pliku `checkin//checkout'
}{C-x C-q
}
344 %\section{Getting Help}
345 \section{Uzyskiwanie pomocy
}
347 %The help system is simple. Type \kbd{C-h} (or \kbd{F1}) and follow
348 %the directions. If you are a first-time user, type \kbd{C-h t} for a
350 Napisz
\kbd{C-h
} (lub
\kbd{F1
}) i post/epuj
351 wed/lug dalszych instrukcji. Je/sli jeste/s pocz/atkuj/acym u/zytkownikiem,
352 napisz
\kbd{C-u C-h t Polish
} aby wywo/la/c
{\bf samouczek
} Emacsa
355 %\key{remove help window}{C-x 1}
356 %\key{scroll help window}{C-M-v}
357 \key{usu/n okno pomocy
}{C-x
1}
358 \key{przewi/n okno pomocy
}{C-M-v
}
360 %\key{apropos: show commands matching a string}{C-h a}
361 %\key{show the function a key runs}{C-h c}
362 %\key{describe a function}{C-h f}
363 %\key{get mode-specific information}{C-h m}
364 \key{apropos: poka/z polecenia zgodne z napisem
}{C-h a
}
365 \key{poka/z funkcj/e uruchamian/a przez klawisz
}{C-h c
}
366 \key{opisz funkcj/e
}{C-h f
}
367 \key{poka/z informacj/e odnosz/ac/a si/e do trybu
}{C-h m
}
370 %\section{Error Recovery}
371 %\section{Powr/ot do sytuacji wyj/sciowej w przypadku b/l/ed/ow}
372 \section{Usuwanie b/l/ed/ow
}
374 %\key{{\bf abort} partially typed or executing command}{C-g}
375 %\metax{{\bf recover} a file lost by a system crash}{M-x recover-file}
376 %\key{{\bf undo} an unwanted change}{C-x u {\rm or} C-_}
377 %\metax{restore a buffer to its original contents}{M-x revert-buffer}
378 %\key{redraw garbaged screen}{C-l}
379 \key{{\bf przerwij
} cz/e/sciowo napisane lub
\newline wykonywane polecenie
}{C-g
}
380 \metax{{\bf odzyskaj
} plik zgubiony w wyniku
\newline za/lamania systemu
}
382 \key{{\bf anuluj
} niechcian/a zmian/e
}{C-x u
{\rm lub
} C-_
}
383 \metax{wczytaj plik wg aktualnej zawarto/sci na dysku
}{M-x revert-buffer
}
384 \key{uporz/adkuj za/smiecony ekran
}{C-l
}
386 \shortcopyrightnotice
388 %\section{Incremental Search}
389 \section{Szukanie przyrostowe
}
391 %\key{search forward}{C-s}
392 %\key{search backward}{C-r}
393 %\key{regular expression search}{C-M-s}
394 %\key{reverse regular expression search}{C-M-r}
395 \key{szukaj wprz/od//wstecz (
{\tt C-f
} aby zako/nczy/c)
}{C-s//C-r
}
396 \key{szukaj wprz/od tekstu zgodnego z~wpisywanym wyra/zeniem regularnym
}{C-M-s
}
397 \key{szukaj wstecz tekstu zgodnego z~wpisywanym wyra/zeniem regularnym
}{C-M-r
}
399 %\key{select previous search string}{M-p}
400 %\key{select next later search string}{M-n}
401 %\key{exit incremental search}{RET}
402 %\key{undo effect of last character}{DEL}
403 %\key{abort current search}{C-g}
404 \key{wybierz poprzedni napis
}{M-p
}
405 \key{wybierz nast/epny napis
}{M-n
}
406 \key{zako/ncz szukanie przyrostowe
}{RET
}
407 \key{anuluj rezultat ostatniej poprawki
}{DEL
}
408 \key{przerwij szukanie
}{C-g
}
410 %Use \kbd{C-s} or \kbd{C-r} again to repeat the search in either direction.
411 %If Emacs is still searching, \kbd{C-g} cancels only the part not done.
412 Ponowne
\kbd{C-s
}//
\kbd{C-r
} powtarza szukanie wprz/od//wstecz.
413 %If Emacs is still searching, \kbd{C-g} cancels only the part not done.
414 % Patrz wyja/snienie powy/zej.
416 \section{Przemieszczanie kursora
}
418 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
419 %\threecol{{\bf entity to move over}}{{\bf backward}}{{\bf forward}}
420 %\threecol{character}{C-b}{C-f}
421 %\threecol{word}{M-b}{M-f}
422 %\threecol{line}{C-p}{C-n}
423 %\threecol{go to line beginning (or end)}{C-a}{C-e}
424 %\threecol{sentence}{M-a}{M-e}
425 %\threecol{paragraph}{M-\{}{M-\}}
426 %\threecol{page}{C-x [}{C-x ]}
427 %\threecol{sexp}{C-M-b}{C-M-f}
428 %\threecol{function}{C-M-a}{C-M-e}
429 %\threecol{go to buffer beginning (or end)}{M-<}{M->}
430 \threecolheader{{\bf przemie/s/c kursor
}}{{\bf wstecz
}}{{\bf wprz/od
}}
431 \threecol{o znak
}{C-b
}{C-f
}
432 \threecol{o s/lowo
}{M-b
}{M-f
}
433 \threecol{o lini/e wy/zej//ni/zej
}{C-p
}{C-n
}
434 \threecol{na pocz/atek//koniec linii
}{C-a
}{C-e
}
435 \threecol{o zdanie
}{M-a
}{M-e
}
436 \threecol{o akapit
}{M-\
{}{M-\
}}
437 \threecol{o stron/e
}{C-x
[}{C-x
]}
438 \threecol{o s-wyra/zenie
}{C-M-b
}{C-M-f
}
439 \threecol{na pocz/atek//koniec funkcji
}{C-M-a
}{C-M-e
}
440 \threecol{na pocz/atek//koniec bufora
}{M-<
}{M->
}
443 %\key{scroll to next screen}{C-v}
444 %\key{scroll to previous screen}{M-v}
445 %\key{scroll left}{C-x <}
446 %\key{scroll right}{C-x >}
447 %\key{scroll current line to center of screen}{C-u C-l}
448 \key{przewi/n do nast/epnego ekranu
}{C-v
}
449 \key{przewi/n do poprzedniego ekranu
}{M-v
}
450 \key{przewi/n w lewo
}{C-x <
}
451 \key{przewi/n w prawo
}{C-x >
}
452 \key{umie/s/c lini/e z kursorem na /srodku ekranu
}{C-u C-l
}
455 %\section{Killing and Deleting}
456 \section{Kasowanie i usuwanie
}
458 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
459 %\threecol{{\bf entity to kill}}{{\bf backward}}{{\bf forward}}
460 %\threecol{character (delete, not kill)}{DEL}{C-d}
461 %\threecol{word}{M-DEL}{M-d}
462 %\threecol{line (to end of)}{M-0 C-k}{C-k}
463 %\threecol{sentence}{C-x DEL}{M-k}
464 %\threecol{sexp}{M-- C-M-k}{C-M-k}
465 \threecolheader{{\bf obiekt do skasowania
}}{{\bf wstecz
}}{{\bf wprz/od
}}
466 \threecol{znak (usu/n, nie kasuj)
}{DEL
}{C-d
}
467 \threecol{s/lowo
}{M-DEL
}{M-d
}
468 \threecol{linia (od kursora do ko/nca)
}{M-
0 C-k
}{C-k
}
469 \threecol{zdanie
}{C-x DEL
}{M-k
}
470 \threecol{s-wyra/zenie
}{M-- C-M-k
}{C-M-k
}
473 %\key{kill {\bf region}}{C-w}
474 %\key{copy region to kill ring}{M-w}
475 %\key{kill through next occurrence of {\it char}}{M-z {\it char}}
476 \key{kasuj obszar
}{C-w
}
477 \key{wstaw obszar do `kill ring'
}{M-w
}
478 \key{kasuj wszystko a/z do wyst/apienia
{\it char
}}{M-z
{\it char
}}
480 %\key{yank back last thing killed}{C-y}
481 %\key{replace last yank with previous kill}{M-y}
482 \key{wstaw ostatnio skasowany obiekt
}{C-y
}
483 \key{zamie/n wstawiony obiekt z uprzednio skasowanym
}{M-y
}
486 \section{Zaznaczanie
}
488 %\key{set mark here}{C-@ {\rm or} C-SPC}
489 %\key{exchange point and mark}{C-x C-x}
490 \key{wstaw znacznik w pozycji kursora
}{C-@
{\rm or
} C-SPC
}
491 \key{zamie/n pozycje kursora i znacznika
}{C-x C-x
}
493 %\key{set mark {\it arg\/} {\bf words} away}{M-@}
494 %\key{mark {\bf paragraph}}{M-h}
495 %\key{mark {\bf page}}{C-x C-p}
496 %\key{mark {\bf sexp}}{C-M-@}
497 %\key{mark {\bf function}}{C-M-h}
498 %\key{mark entire {\bf buffer}}{C-x h}
499 \key{zaznacz s/lowo po
{\it arg\/
} s/l/ow
}{M-@
}
500 \key{zaznacz akapit
}{M-h
}
501 \key{zaznacz stron/e
}{C-x C-p
}
502 \key{zaznacz s-wyra/zenie
}{C-M-@
}
503 \key{zaznacz funkcj/e
}{C-M-h
}
504 \key{zaznacz ca/ly bufor
}{C-x h
}
506 %\section{Query Replace}
507 \section{Zamiana z zapytaniem
}
509 %\key{interactively replace a text string}{M-\%}
510 %\metax{using regular expressions}{M-x query-replace-regexp}
511 \key{zamiana tekstu w trybie interakcyjnym
}{M-\%
}
512 \key{z u/zyciem wyra/ze/n regularnych
}{C-M-\%
}
514 %Valid responses in query-replace mode are
515 Odpowiedzi w interakcyjnym trybie zamiany:
517 %\key{{\bf replace} this one, go on to next}{SPC}
518 %\key{replace this one, don't move}{,}
519 %\key{{\bf skip} to next without replacing}{DEL}
520 %\key{replace all remaining matches}{!}
521 %\key{{\bf back up} to the previous match}{^}
522 %\key{{\bf exit} query-replace}{RET}
523 %\key{enter recursive edit (\kbd{C-M-c} to exit)}{C-r}
524 \key{{\bf zamie/n
} i wyszukaj nast/epny tekst
}{SPC
}
525 \key{zamie/n nie przemieszczaj/ac kursora
}{,
}
526 \key{{\bf nie zamieniaj
} i wyszukaj nast/epny tekst
}{DEL
}
527 \key{wyszukaj i zamie/n wszystkie pozosta/le teksty
}{!
}
528 \key{{\bf powr/o/c
} do poprzedniej zamiany
}{^
}
529 \key{{\bf zako/ncz
} zamian/e interakcyjn/a
}{RET
}
530 \key{wejd/x do trybu rekursywnej edycji (
\kbd{C-M-c
} aby zako/nczy/c)
}{C-r
}
532 %\section{Multiple Windows}
533 \section{Wiele okien
}
535 %When two commands are shown, the second is for ``other frame.''
536 Drugie z polece/n dotyczy ,,innej ramki''
538 %\key{delete all other windows}{C-x 1}
539 \key{usu/n pozosta/le okna
}{C-x
1}
541 {\setbox0=
\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by
0\wd0
542 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
543 %\threecol{split window, above and below}{C-x 2\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 2}
544 %\threecol{delete this window}{C-x 0\ \ \ \ }{C-x 5 0}
545 \threecol{podziel okno (jedno nad drugim)
}{C-x
2\ \ \ \
}{C-x
5 2}
546 \threecol{usu/n okno
}{C-x
0\ \ \ \
}{C-x
5 0}
548 %\key{split window, side by side}{C-x 3}
549 \key{podziel okno (jedno obok drugiego)
}{C-x
3}
551 \key{przewijaj w innym oknie
}{C-M-v
}
553 {\setbox0=
\hbox{\kbd{0}}\advance\hsize by
2\wd0
554 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
555 %\threecol{switch cursor to another window}{C-x o}{C-x 5 o}
556 %\threecol{select buffer in other window}{C-x 4 b}{C-x 5 b}
557 %\threecol{display buffer in other window}{C-x 4 C-o}{C-x 5 C-o}
558 %\threecol{find file in other window}{C-x 4 f}{C-x 5 f}
559 %\threecol{find file read-only in other window}{C-x 4 r}{C-x 5 r}
560 %\threecol{run Dired in other window}{C-x 4 d}{C-x 5 d}
561 %\threecol{find tag in other window}{C-x 4 .}{C-x 5 .}
562 \threecol{przenie/s kursor do innego okna
}{C-x o
}{C-x
5 o
}
563 \threecol{wybierz bufor w innym oknie
}{C-x
4 b
}{C-x
5 b
}
564 \threecol{poka/z bufor w innym oknie
}{C-x
4 C-o
}{C-x
5 C-o
}
565 \threecol{znajd/x plik i poka/z go w innym oknie
}{C-x
4 f
}{C-x
5 f
}
566 \threecol{jak wy/zej, tylko w trybie do czytania
}{C-x
4 r
}{C-x
5 r
}
567 \threecol{uruchom `Dired' w innym oknie
}{C-x
4 d
}{C-x
5 d
}
568 \threecol{znajd/x definicj/e w innym oknie
}{C-x
4 .
}{C-x
5 .
}
571 %\key{grow window taller}{C-x ^}
572 %\key{shrink window narrower}{C-x \{}
573 %\key{grow window wider}{C-x \}}
574 \key{powi/eksz okno w pionie
}{C-x ^
}
575 \key{zmniejsz okno w poziomie
}{C-x \
{}
576 \key{poszerz okno
}{C-x \
}}
578 %\section{Formatting}
579 \section{Formatowanie
}
581 %\key{indent current {\bf line} (mode-dependent)}{TAB}
582 %\key{indent {\bf region} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-\\}
583 %\key{indent {\bf sexp} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-q}
584 %\key{indent region rigidly {\it arg\/} columns}{C-x TAB}
585 \key{wetnij bie/z/ac/a
{\bf lini/e
} (zale/zne od trybu)
}{TAB
}
586 \key{wetnij
{\bf obszar
} (zale/zne od trybu)
}{C-M-\\
}
587 \key{wetnij
{\bf s-wyra/zenie
} (zale/zne od trybu)
}{C-M-q
}
588 \key{wetnij obszar o
{\it arg\/
} kolumn
}{C-x TAB
}
590 %\key{insert newline after point}{C-o}
591 %\key{move rest of line vertically down}{C-M-o}
592 %\key{delete blank lines around point}{C-x C-o}
593 %\key{join line with previous (with arg, next)}{M-^}
594 %\key{delete all white space around point}{M-\\}
595 %\key{put exactly one space at point}{M-SPC}
596 \key{wstaw now/a lini/e za kursorem
}{C-o
}
597 \key{przesu/n cz/e/s/c linii za kursorem w d/o/l
}{C-M-o
}
598 \key{usu/n puste linie wok/o/l kursora
}{C-x C-o
}
599 \key{po/l/acz lini/e z poprzedni/a (z
{\it arg\/
} -- z nast/epn/a)
}{M-^
}
600 \key{usu/n odst/epy dooko/la kursora
}{M-\\
}
601 \key{pozostaw dok/ladnie jedn/a spacj/e w pozycji kursora
}{M-SPC
}
603 %\key{fill paragraph}{M-q}
604 %\key{set fill column}{C-x f}
605 %\key{set prefix each line starts with}{C-x .}
606 \key{wype/lnij akapit
}{M-q
}
607 \key{ustaw numer kolumny dla trybu wype/lniania
}{C-x f
}
608 \key{ustaw przedrostek dla ka/zdego nowego wiersza
}{C-x .
}
611 \key{ustaw czcionk/e
}{M-g
}
613 %\section{Case Change}
614 \section{Zamiana wielko/sci liter
}
616 %\key{uppercase word}{M-u}
617 %\key{lowercase word}{M-l}
618 %\key{capitalize word}{M-c}
619 \key{zamie/n w s/lowie litery ma/le na du/ze
}{M-u
}
620 \key{zamie/n w s/lowie litery du/ze na ma/le
}{M-l
}
621 \key{zamie/n pierwsz/a liter/e w s/lowie na du/z/a
}{M-c
}
623 %\key{uppercase region}{C-x C-u}
624 %\key{lowercase region}{C-x C-l}
625 \key{zamie/n w obszarze litery ma/le na du/ze
}{C-x C-u
}
626 \key{zamie/n w obszarze litery du/ze na ma/le
}{C-x C-l
}
628 %\section{The Minibuffer}
631 %The following keys are defined in the minibuffer.
632 % Inne te/z s/a maj/a przypisane funkcje..
634 %\key{complete as much as possible}{TAB}
635 %\key{complete up to one word}{SPC}
636 %\key{complete and execute}{RET}
637 %\key{show possible completions}{?}
638 %\key{fetch previous minibuffer input}{M-p}
639 %\key{fetch later minibuffer input or default}{M-n}
640 %\key{regexp search backward through history}{M-r}
641 %\key{regexp search forward through history}{M-s}
642 %\key{abort command}{C-g}
643 \key{uzupe/lnij tekst o tyle o ile jest to mo/zliwe
}{TAB
}
644 \key{uzupe/lnij o jedno s/lowo
}{SPC
}
645 \key{uzupe/lnij i wykonaj
}{RET
}
646 \key{poka/z mo/zliwe uzupe/lnienia
}{?
}
647 \key{przywo/laj uprzednio wprowadzony tekst do minibufora
}{M-p
}
648 \key{przywo/laj nast/epny tekst z~`kill ring' do minibufora
}{M-n
}
649 \key{wyszukuj wstecz poprzez histori/e wprowadze/n
}{M-r
}
650 \key{wyszukuj wprz/od poprzez histori/e wprowadze/n
}{M-s
}
651 \key{przerwij wykonywane polecenie
}{C-g
}
653 %Type \kbd{C-x ESC ESC} to edit and repeat the last command that used the
654 %minibuffer. Type \kbd{F10} to activate the menu bar using the minibuffer.
655 Napisz
\kbd{C-x ESC ESC
} aby poprawia/c i wykona/c polecenie,
656 kt/ore ostatnio u/zywa/lo minibufora.
657 Napisz
\kbd{F10
} aby uaktywni/c menu w minibuforze.
661 %\title{GNU Emacs Reference Card}
662 \title{Przegl/ad polece/n GNU Emacsa
}
666 %\key{select another buffer}{C-x b}
667 %\key{list all buffers}{C-x C-b}
668 %\key{kill a buffer}{C-x k}
669 \key{wybierz inny bufor
}{C-x b
}
670 \key{poka/z spis wszystkich bufor/ow
}{C-x C-b
}
671 \key{skasuj bufor
}{C-x k
}
673 %\section{Transposing}
674 \section{Przestawianie
}
676 %\key{transpose {\bf characters}}{C-t}
677 %\key{transpose {\bf words}}{M-t}
678 %\key{transpose {\bf lines}}{C-x C-t}
679 %\key{transpose {\bf sexps}}{C-M-t}
680 \key{przestaw
{\bf znaki
}}{C-t
}
681 \key{przestaw
{\bf s/lowa
}}{M-t
}
682 \key{przestaw
{\bf linie
}}{C-x C-t
}
683 \key{przestaw
{\bf s-wyra/zenia
}}{C-M-t
}
685 % Removed -- there is no Polish disctionary for ispell.
686 %\section{Spelling Check}
688 %\key{check spelling of current word}{M-\$}
689 %\metax{check spelling of all words in region}{M-x ispell-region}
690 %\metax{check spelling of entire buffer}{M-x ispell-buffer}
695 %\key{find a tag (a definition)}{M-.}
696 %\key{find next occurrence of tag}{C-u M-.}
697 %\metax{specify a new tags file}{M-x visit-tags-table}
698 \key{znajd/x okre/slenie (definicj/e)
}{M-.
}
699 \key{znajd/x nast/epne wyst/apienie definicji
}{C-u M-.
}
700 \metax{podaj nowy plik TAGS
}{M-x visit-tags-table
}
702 %\metax{regexp search on all files in tags table}{M-x tags-search}
703 %\metax{run query-replace on all the files}{M-x tags-query-replace}
704 %\key{continue last tags search or query-replace}{M-,}
705 \metax{wyszukiwanie tekstu zgodnego z~podanym wyra/zeniem regularnym
706 we wszystkich plikach wymienionych w~TAGS
}{M-x tags-search
}
707 \metax{zamiana z zapytaniem we wszystkich
\newline
708 plikach wymienionych w~TAGS
}{M-x tags-query-replace
}
709 \key{kontynuuj wyszukiwanie lub zamian/e z~zapytaniem
710 w~plikach wymienionych w~TAGS
}{M-,
}
715 %\key{execute a shell command}{M-!}
716 %\key{run a shell command on the region}{M-|}
717 %\key{filter region through a shell command}{C-u M-|}
718 %\key{start a shell in window \kbd{*shell*}}{M-x shell}
719 \key{wykonaj polecenie pow/loki
}{M-!
}
720 \key{wykonaj polecenie pow/loki na obszarze
}{M-|
}
721 \key{filtruj obszar poprzez polecenie pow/loki
}{C-u M-|
}
722 \key{uruchom pow/lok/e w oknie
\kbd{*shell*
}}{M-x shell
}
724 %\section{Rectangles}
725 \section{Prostok/aty
}
727 %\key{copy rectangle to register}{C-x r r}
728 %\key{kill rectangle}{C-x r k}
729 %\key{yank rectangle}{C-x r y}
730 %\key{open rectangle, shifting text right}{C-x r o}
731 %\key{blank out rectangle}{C-x r c}
732 %\key{prefix each line with a string}{C-x r t}
733 \key{zapisz prostok/at do rejestru
}{C-x r r
}
734 \key{skasuj prostok/at
}{C-x r k
}
735 \key{wklej prostok/at
}{C-x r y
}
736 \key{wstaw pusty prostok/at przesuwaj/ac
\newline tekst w~prawo
}{C-x r o
}
737 \key{wyczy/s/c prostok/at
}{C-x r c
}
738 \key{wstaw napis na pocz/atku ka/zdej linii
}{C-x r t
}
743 %\key{add global abbrev}{C-x a g}
744 %\key{add mode-local abbrev}{C-x a l}
745 %\key{add global expansion for this abbrev}{C-x a i g}
746 %\key{add mode-local expansion for this abbrev}{C-x a i l}
747 %\key{explicitly expand abbrev}{C-x a e}
748 \key{dodaj skr/ot globalnie
}{C-x a g
}
749 \key{dodaj skr/ot lokalny dla trybu
}{C-x a l
}
750 \key{dodaj rozwini/ecie globalne dla skr/otu
}{C-x a i g
}
751 \key{dodaj rozwini/ecie lokalne dla trybu dla skr/otu
}{C-x a i l
}
752 \key{rozwi/n teraz skr/ot
}{C-x a e
}
754 %\key{expand previous word dynamically}{M-//}
755 \key{uzupe/lnij dynamicznie poprzednie s/lowo
}{M-//
}
757 %\section{Regular Expressions}
758 \section{Wyra/zenia regularne
}
760 %\key{any single character except a newline}{. {\rm(dot)}}
761 %\key{zero or more repeats}{*}
762 %\key{one or more repeats}{+}
763 %\key{zero or one repeat}{?}
764 %\key{quote regular expression special character {\it c\/}}{\\{\it c}}
765 %\key{alternative (``or'')}{\\|}
766 %\key{grouping}{\\( {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
767 %\key{same text as {\it n\/}th group}{\\{\it n}}
768 %\key{at word break}{\\b}
769 %\key{not at word break}{\\B}
770 \key{dowolny znak za wyj/atkiem znaku nowej linii
}{.
{\rm(kropka)
}}
771 \key{zero lub wi/ecej powt/orze/n
}{*
}
772 \key{jedno lub wi/ecej powt/orze/n
}{+
}
773 \key{zero lub jedno powt/orzenie
}{?
}
774 \key{traktuj dos/lownie nast/epny znak
775 (nawet je/sli znak ma specjalne znaczenie)
{\it c\/
}}{\\
{\it c
}}
776 \key{alternatywa (`lub')
}{\\|
}
777 \key{grupowanie
}{\\(
{\rm$
\ldots$
} \\)
}
778 \key{tekst n-tej grupy
}{\\
{\it n
}}
779 \key{na pocz/atku lub ko/ncu s/lowa
}{\
\b}
780 \key{nie na pocz/atku i nie na ko/ncu s/lowa
}{\
\B}
782 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
783 %\threecol{{\bf entity}}{{\bf match start}}{{\bf match end}}
784 %\threecol{line}{^}{\$}
785 %\threecol{word}{\\<}{\\>}
786 %\threecol{buffer}{\\`}{\\'}
787 \threecolheader{{\bf obiekt do por/ownania
}}{{\bf pocz/atek
}}{{\bf koniec
}}
788 \threecol{linia
}{^
}{\$
}
789 \threecol{s/lowo
}{\\<
}{\\>
}
790 \threecol{bufor
}{\\`
}{\\'
}}
791 %\threecol{{\bf class of characters}}{{\bf match these}}{{\bf match others}}
792 %\threecol{explicit set}{[ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}{[^ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}
793 %\threecol{word-syntax character}{\\w}{\\W}
794 %\threecol{character with syntax {\it c}}{\\s{\it c}}{\\S{\it c}}
795 \paralign to
\hsize{#
\tabskip=
10pt plus
1 fil&#
\tabskip=
0pt&#
\cr
796 \threecolheader{{\bf kategoria znak/ow
}}{{\bf por/ownaj z
}}
797 {{\bf \hbox to
0pt
{pozosta/lymi
\hss}}}
798 \threecol{podany zbi/or znak/ow
}{[ {\rm$
\ldots$
} ]}{[^
{\rm$
\ldots$
} ]}
799 \threecol{znak kategorii sk/ladniowej `s/lowo'
}{\
\w}{\
\W}
800 \threecol{znak kategorii sk/ladniowej
{\it c
}}{\
\s{\it c
}}{\
\S{\it c
}}
803 %\section{International Character Sets}
804 \section{Mi/edzynarodowe zestawy znak/ow
}
806 %\metax{specify principal language}{M-x set-language-environment}
807 %\metax{show all input methods}{M-x list-input-methods}
808 %\key{enable or disable input method}{C-\\}
809 %\key{set coding system for next command}{C-x RET c}
810 %\metax{show all coding systems}{M-x list-coding-systems}
811 %\metax{choose preferred coding system}{M-x prefer-coding-system}
812 \metax{ustal g/l/owny j/ezyk
}{M-x set-language-environment
}
813 \metax{wypisz wszystkie metody wprowadzania znak/ow
}{M-x list-input-methods
}
814 \key{w/l/acz//wy/l/acz metod/e wprowadzania znak/ow
}{C-\\
}
815 \key{ustal system kodowania dla nast/epnego polecenia
}{C-x RET c
}
816 \metax{wypisz wszystkie systemy kodowania
}{M-x list-coding-systems
}
817 \metax{wybierz preferowany system
\newline kodowania
}{M-x prefer-coding-system
}
818 \metax{wybierz metod/e wprowadzania znak/ow
}{C-x RET C-\\
}
820 Po wybraniu metody wprowadzania znak/ow
{\tt polish-slash
},
\newline
821 ka/zd/a z~liter
{\tt /a/c/e/l/n/o/s/x/z//
} uzyskamy pisz/ac ciach `
{\tt //
}'
822 i~odpowiedni znak z~
{\tt acelnosxz//
}.
827 %\key{save region in register}{C-x r s}
828 %\key{insert register contents into buffer}{C-x r i}
829 \key{zapisz obszar do rejestru
}{C-x r s
}
830 \key{wstaw zawarto/s/c rejestru do bufora
}{C-x r i
}
832 %\key{save value of point in register}{C-x r SPC}
833 %\key{jump to point saved in register}{C-x r j}
834 \key{zapisz pozycj/e kursora w~rejestrze
}{C-x r SPC
}
835 \key{przemie/s/c kursor do pozycji zapisanej w~rejestrze
}{C-x r j
}
837 %\section{Keyboard Macros}
838 \section{Makropolecenia
}
840 %\key{{\bf start} defining a keyboard macro}{C-x (}
841 %\key{{\bf end} keyboard macro definition}{C-x )}
842 %\key{{\bf execute} last-defined keyboard macro}{C-x e}
843 %\key{append to last keyboard macro}{C-u C-x (}
844 %\metax{name last keyboard macro}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro}
845 %\metax{insert Lisp definition in buffer}{M-x insert-kbd-macro}
846 \key{{\bf zacznij
} definicj/e makropolecenia
}{C-x (
}
847 \key{{\bf zako/ncz
} definicj/e makropolecenia
}{C-x )
}
848 \key{{\bf wykonaj
} ostatnio zdefiniowane makropolecenie
}{C-x e
}
849 \key{dopisz do definicji ostatniego makropolecenia
}{C-u C-x (
}
850 \metax{nazwij ostatnie makropolecenie
}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro
}
851 \metax{wpisz do bufora nazwane
\newline makro Lispowe
}{M-x insert-kbd-macro
}
856 %\key{enter the Info documentation reader}{C-h i}
857 %\key{find specified function or variable in Info}{C-h S}
858 \key{wejd/x w tryb czytania dokumentacji Info
}{C-h i
}
859 \key{wyszukaj podan/a funkcj/e lub zmienn/a w Info
}{C-h S
}
862 %Moving within a node:
863 Poruszanie si/e w obr/ebie w/ez/la Info:
865 %\key{scroll forward}{SPC}
866 %\key{scroll reverse}{DEL}
867 %\key{beginning of node}{. {\rm (dot)}}
868 \key{przegl/adaj do przodu
}{SPC
}
869 \key{przegl/adaj do ty/lu
}{DEL
}
870 \key{na pocz/atek w/ez/la
}{.
{\rm (kropka)
}}
872 %Moving between nodes:
873 Poruszanie si/e pomi/edzy w/ez/lami:
875 %\key{{\bf next} node}{n}
876 %\key{{\bf previous} node}{p}
877 %\key{move {\bf up}}{u}
878 %\key{select menu item by name}{m}
879 %\key{select {\it n\/}th menu item by number (1--9)}{{\it n}}
880 %\key{follow cross reference (return with \kbd{l})}{f}
881 %\key{return to last node you saw}{l}
882 %\key{return to directory node}{d}
883 %\key{go to any node by name}{g}
884 \key{{\bf nast/epny
} w/eze/l
}{n
}
885 \key{{\bf poprzedni
} w/eze/l
}{p
}
886 \key{przenie/s si/e
{\bf wy/zej
}}{u
}
887 \key{wybierz pozycj/e z menu, podaj/ac jej nazw/e
}{m
}
888 \key{wybierz n-t/a pozycj/e z menu podaj/ac liczb/e~(
1-
9)
}{{\it n
}}
889 \key{sprawd/x odsy/lacz (powr/ot z
\kbd{l
})
}{f
}
890 \key{powr/o/c do ostatnio przegl/adanego w/ez/la
}{l
}
891 \key{powr/o/c do skorowidza
}{d
}
892 \key{wybierz w/eze/l podaj/ac jego nazw/e
}{g
}
895 Pozosta/le polecenia:
897 %\key{run Info {\bf tutorial}}{h}
898 %\key{{\bf quit} Info}{q}
899 %\key{search nodes for regexp}{M-s}
900 \key{wywo/laj
{\bf samouczek
} Info
}{h
}
901 \key{wyszukaj zagadnienie w indeksach
}{i
}
902 \key{wyszukuj w~w/ez/lach tekst zgodny
\newline
903 z~podanym wyra/zeniem regularnym
}{s
}
904 \key{{\bf zako/ncz
} Info
}{q
}
908 %\section{Dired, the Directory Editor}
909 \section{Dired -- edytor katalog/ow
}
911 \key{wywo/lanie edytora katalog/ow
}{C-x d
}
912 \key{ustaw flag/e `D' (do usuni/ecia) na pliku
}{d
}
913 \key{ustaw flag/e `D' na plikach zapasowych
}{\~
{}}
914 \key{zdejmij flag/e `D' z pliku
}{u
}
915 \key{usu/n pliki oznaczone flag/a `D'
}{x
}
916 \key{uaktualnij zawarto/s/c bufora
}{g
}
917 \key{wczytaj plik wskazywany przez kursor do bufora
}{f
}
918 \key{prze/l/acz mi/edzy porz/adkiem alfabetycznym a~porz/adkiem wed/lug
919 daty i~czasu powstania pliku
}{s
}
921 \metax{wybierz z~bie/z/acego katalogu i~jego podkatalog/ow wszystkie pliki,
922 kt/ore zawieraj/a tekst zgodny z~podanym wyra/zeniem regularnym
}
923 {M-x find-grep-dired
}
925 %\section{Commands Dealing with Emacs Lisp}
926 \section{Polecenia dotycz/ace j/ezyka Emacs Lisp
}
928 %\key{eval {\bf sexp} before point}{C-x C-e}
929 %\key{eval current {\bf defun}}{C-M-x}
930 %\metax{eval {\bf region}}{M-x eval-region}
931 %\key{read and eval minibuffer}{M-:}
932 %\metax{load from standard system directory}{M-x load-library}
933 \key{oblicz
{\bf s-wyra/zenie
} przed kursorem
}{C-x C-e
}
934 \key{oblicz aktywn/a
{\bf defun
}}{C-M-x
}
935 \metax{oblicz s-wyra/zenia w
{\bf obszarze
}}{M-x eval-region
}
936 \key{wczytaj
{\bf s-wyra/zenie
} i oblicz je w~minibuforze
}{M-:
}
937 \metax{wczytaj bibliotek/e z~katalogu
\newline systemowego
}{M-x load-library
}
939 %\section{Simple Customization}
940 \section{Proste modyfikacje
}
942 %\metax{customize variables and faces}{M-x customize}
943 \metax{modyfikowanie warto/sci zmiennych
\newline i czcionek
}{M-x customize
}
945 % The intended audience here is the person who wants to make simple
946 % customizations and knows Lisp syntax.
948 %Making global key bindings in Emacs Lisp (examples):
949 Przyk/lady przypisania klawisza funkcji Emacs Lispu
\newline
950 z~wykorzystaniem notacji
\kbd{"..."
} i~notacji
\kbd{[...
]}:
953 (global-set-key "\
\C-cg" 'goto-line)
954 (global-set-key "\
\M-\#" 'query-replace-regexp)
956 (global-set-key
[?\
\C-c ?g
] 'goto-line)
957 (global-set-key
[?\
\M-\#
] 'query-replace-regexp)
960 %\section{Writing Commands}
961 \section{Tworzenie nowych polece/n
}
964 (defun \<nazwa-funkcji> (\<argumenty>)
966 (interactive "\<wzorzec>")
974 (defun this-line-to-top-of-window (line)
975 % "Reposition line point is on to top of window.
976 %With ARG, put point on line ARG."
977 "Przewi/n lini/e z kursorem do pierwszej linii okna.
978 Z ARG, przewi/n do linii ARG."
980 (recenter (if (null line)
982 (prefix-numeric-value line))))
985 %The \kbd{interactive} spec says how to read arguments interactively.
986 %Type \kbd{C-h f interactive} for more details.
987 W funkcji
\kbd{interactive
} {\it wzorzec\/
} opisuje, jak b/ed/a czytane
988 argumenty w trybie interakcyjnym. Szczeg/o/lowy opis uzyskasz
989 przez wywo/lanie
\kbd{C-h f interactive
}.
996 % compile-command: "pdftex pl-refcard"