Improve index entries. Remove redundant/useless ones.
[emacs.git] / etc / dired-ref.tex
blob061c1415ec29ee1d9583a5018c104bc88434dae9
1 % Reference Card for Dired
2 % Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
3 % 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 % This file is part of GNU Emacs.
7 % GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 % the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10 % any later version.
12 % GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 % GNU General Public License for more details.
17 % You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 % along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
19 % the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
20 % Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
22 % This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page (see below).
23 % Specify how many you want here. Nothing else needs to be changed.
24 %**start of header
26 \newcount\columnsperpage
28 \columnsperpage=2
30 % This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
31 % The reference card looks OK with 2 columns per page, portrait mode.
32 % I haven't tried it with 3 columns per page.
34 % This is a bit of a dirty hack on the GNU Emacs reference card
35 % to produce a Dired reference card instead.
37 % I (Evgeny Roubinchtein, eroubinc@u.washington.edu) put this together
38 % because I wanted a Dired reference card,
39 % but couldn't find anything on the 'net.
40 % Based mostly off Dired's describe-mode.
43 \def\versionnumber{0.1}
44 \def\year{2007} % latest copyright year
45 \def\version{May 2006\ v\versionnumber}
47 \def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill
48 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
49 Permissions on back. v\versionnumber}}
51 \def\copyrightnotice{
52 \vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small
53 \centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
54 \centerline{designed by Stephen Gildea, \version}
55 \centerline{for GNU Emacs version 19 on Unix systems}
56 \centerline{Updated for Dired in May 2000 by Evgeny Roubinchtein}
58 Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of
59 this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
60 are preserved on all copies.
62 For copies of the GNU Emacs manual, write to the Free Software
63 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
64 MA 02110-1301, USA.
66 \endgroup}
68 % make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
69 % can be scanned without complaint.
70 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
72 \newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
73 \newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
74 \newbox\columnb
76 \def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
78 \message{[\ncolumns\space
79 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]}
81 \def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1}
83 % This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
84 % Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
85 \if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
86 \hsize 4in
87 \vsize 10in
88 \voffset -.7in
89 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
90 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
91 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm
92 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy
94 \footline{\hss\folio}
95 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}}
96 \else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
97 \hsize 3.4in
98 \vsize 9.2in
99 \hoffset -.75in
100 \voffset -.745in
101 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2
102 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1
103 \font\smallfont=cmr6
104 \font\smallsy=cmsy6
105 \font\eightrm=cmr8
106 \font\eightbf=cmbx8
107 \font\eightit=cmti8
108 \font\eighttt=cmtt8
109 \font\eightmi=cmmi8
110 \font\eightsy=cmsy8
111 \textfont0=\eightrm
112 \textfont1=\eightmi
113 \textfont2=\eightsy
114 \def\rm{\eightrm}
115 \def\bf{\eightbf}
116 \def\it{\eightit}
117 \def\tt{\eighttt}
118 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip
119 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip
120 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit
121 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
123 \if 2\ncolumns
124 \let\maxcolumn=b
125 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
126 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}}
127 \else \if 3\ncolumns
128 \let\maxcolumn=c
129 \nopagenumbers
130 \else
131 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
132 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
133 \fi\fi
135 \intercolumnskip=.46in
136 \def\abc{a}
137 \output={% %see The TeXbook page 257
138 % This next line is useful when designing the layout.
139 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
140 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a}
141 \else\if a\abc
142 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b}
143 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
144 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{}
145 \else
146 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi}
147 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
148 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
149 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
150 \makefootline}\advancepageno}
151 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
153 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
154 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
155 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
156 \end}
159 % we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
160 % we might want to talk about
161 \catcode`\^=12
162 \catcode`\_=12
164 \chardef\\=`\\
165 \chardef\{=`\{
166 \chardef\}=`\}
168 \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
169 \hyphenation{de-le-tion}
171 \parindent 0pt
172 \parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex
174 \def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip}
176 % newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
177 % the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
178 \outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
180 % title - page title. Argument is title text.
181 \outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex}
183 % section - new major section. Argument is section name.
184 \outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
185 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
186 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex}
188 \newdimen\keyindent
190 % beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
191 % indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
192 % definitions, will not.
193 \def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em}
194 \def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em}
195 \endindentedkeys
197 % paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
198 % If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
199 % inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
200 \def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
202 % \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
203 \def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}}
205 % kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
206 \def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
208 % beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
209 % typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
210 \def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
211 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt}
212 {\obeyspaces\global\let =\ }
213 \def\endexample{\endgroup}
215 % key - definition of a key.
216 % \key{description of key}{key-name}
217 % prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
218 % form near the right margin.
219 \def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop
220 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em
221 \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
223 \newbox\metaxbox
224 \setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }}
225 \newdimen\metaxwidth
226 \metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox
228 % metax - definition of a M-x command.
229 % \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
230 % Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
231 % as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
232 \def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize
233 {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}%
234 \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil
235 \kbd{#2}\hfil}}
237 % threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
238 % for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
239 \def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
240 &\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr}
242 % I cannot figure out how to make all dired-x
243 % commands fit on a page in two-column format
244 \def\dx{{\bf (DX)}}
246 \nopagenumbers
248 %**end of header
251 \title{Dired Reference Card}
253 \centerline{(based on Dired in GNU Emacs 22)}
254 \centerline{Commands marked with \dx{} require dired-x}
256 % trim this down to fit everything on one page
257 % \section{General}
258 % In dired, you can edit a list of the files in a directory (and optionally
259 % its subdirectories in the `ls -lR' format).
261 % Editing a directory means that you can visit, rename, copy, compress,
262 % load, byte-compile files. You can change files' attributes, run shell
263 % commands on files, or insert subdirectories into the edit buffer. You can
264 % "flag" files for deletion or "mark" files for later commands, either one
265 % file at a time or by all files matching certain criteria (e.g., files that
266 % match a certain regexp).
268 % You move throughout the buffer using the usual cursor motion commands.
269 % Letters no longer insert themselves, but execute commands instead. The
270 % digits (0-9) are prefix arguments.
272 % Most commands operate either on all marked files or on the current file if
273 % no files are marked. Use a numeric prefix argument to operate on the next
274 % ARG files (or previous ARG if ARG $<$ 0). Use the prefix argument `1' to
275 % operate on the current file only. Prefix arguments override marks. Commands
276 % which run a sub-process on a group of files will display a list of files
277 % for which the sub-process failed. Typing y will try to tell
278 % you what went wrong.
280 % When editing several directories in one buffer, each directory acts as a
281 % page, so C-x [ and C-x ] can be used to move between directories.
283 \section{Entering and Exiting Dired}
285 \key{run dired}{C-x d}
286 \key{dired the directory of the file you are editing}{C-x C-j \dx}
287 \key{quit dired}{q}
289 \section{Motion Commands}
291 \key{move up to previous line}{p}
292 \key{move down to next line}{n}
293 \key{move up to previous directory line}{<}
294 \key{move down to next directory line}{>}
295 \key{move to next marked file}{M-\}}
296 \key{move to previous marked file}{M-\{}
297 \key{move up to previous subdirectory}{M-C-p}
298 \key{move down to next subdirectory}{M-C-n}
299 \key{move to parent directory}{^}
300 \key{move to first child subdirectory}{M-C-d}
302 \section{Mouse Commands}
303 \metax{visit file}{Mouse_Button_2}
304 \metax{popup menu}{Control-Mouse_Button_3}
306 \section{Immediate Actions on Files}
308 \key{visit current file}{f}
309 \key{view current file}{v}
310 \key{visit current file in other window}{o}
311 \key{visit current file in other frame}{w}
312 \key{display current file}{C-u o}
313 \key{create a new subdirectory}{+}
314 \key{compare file at point with the one at mark}{=}
316 \section{Marking and Unmarking Files}
318 \key{mark a file or subdirectory for later commands}{m}
319 \key{unmark a file or all files of a subdirectory}{u}
320 \key{unmark all marked files in a buffer}{M-delete}
321 \key{mark files with a given extension}{* .}
322 \key{mark all directories}{* /}
323 \key{mark all symlinks}{* @}
324 \key{mark all executables}{* *}
325 \key{invert marking}{* t}
326 \key{mark all files in the current subdir}{* s}
327 \key{mark file names matching a regular expression}{* \%}
328 \key{change the marks to a different character}{* c}
329 \key{mark files for which Elisp expression returns t}{* ( \dx}
331 \section{Modifying the Dired Buffer}
333 \key{insert a subdirectory into this buffer}{i}
334 \key{remove marked files from the listing}{k}
335 \key{remove a subdir listing}{C-u k}
336 \key{re-read all directories (retains all marks)}{g}
337 \key{toggle sorting of current subdir by name/date}{s}
338 \key{edit ls switches}{C-u s}
339 \key{recover marks, hidden lines, and such}{C-_}
340 \key{hide all subdirectories}{M-\$}
341 \key{hide or unhide subdirectory}{\$}
343 \section{Commands on Files Marked or Specified by the Prefix}
345 \key{copy file(s)}{C}
346 \key{rename a file or move files to another directory}{R}
347 \key{change ownership of file(s)}{O}
348 \key{change the group of the file(s)}{G}
349 \key{change mode of file(s)}{M}
350 \key{print file(s)}{P}
351 \key{convert filename(s) to lower case}{\% l}
352 \key{convert filename(s) to upper case}{\% u}
353 \key{delete marked (as opposed to flagged) files}{X}
354 \key{uuencode or uudecode file(s)}{U}
355 \key{compress or uncompress file(s)}{Z}
356 \key{run info on file}{I \dx}
357 \key{make symbolic link(s)}{S}
358 \key{make relative symbolic links}{Y}
359 \key{make hard link(s)}{H}
360 \key{search files for a regular expression}{A}
361 \key{query replace regular expression}{Q}
362 \key{byte-compile files}{B}
363 \key{load files}{L}
364 \key{shell command on file(s)}{!}
366 \section{Flagging Files for Deletion}
367 \leftline{\bf Unmark commands remove delete flags}
368 \key{flag file for deletion}{d}
369 \key{backup and remove deletion flag}{delete}
370 \key{flag all backup files (file names ending in \~{})}{\~{}}
371 \key{flag all auto-save files}{\#}
372 \key{flag various intermediate files}{\&}
373 \key{flag numeric backups (ending in .\~{}1\~{}, .\~{}2\~{}, etc.)}{.}
374 \key{execute the deletions requested (flagged files)}{x}
375 \key{flag files matching a regular expression}{\% d}
377 \section{Regular Expression Commands}
379 \key{mark filenames matching a regular expression}{\% m}
380 \key{copy marked files by regexp}{\% C}
381 \key{rename marked files by regexp}{\% R}
382 \key{hardlink}{\% H}
383 \key{symlink}{\% S}
384 \key{symlink, with relative paths}{\% Y}
385 \key{mark for deletion}{\% d}
387 \section{Dired and Find}
388 \metax{dired file(s) whose name matches a pattern}{M-x find-name-dired}
389 \metax{dired file(s) that contain pattern}{M-x find-grep-dired}
390 \metax{dired file(s) based on \kbd{find} output}{M-x find-dired}
392 \section{Getting Help}
394 \key{dired help}{h}
395 \key{dired summary (short help) and error log}{?}
397 \copyrightnotice
399 \bye
401 % arch-tag: 483e7bb4-4576-4733-9fca-0eae1c861484