| blob | 7f77ee56d72fabb4703cb815de671f9ede53af95 |
1 # @(#)africa 8.9
2 # <pre>
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
9 #
10 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
12 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
13 #
14 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
19 #
20 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
21 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
22 #
23 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
24 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
25 # I found in the UCLA library.
26 #
27 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
28 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
29 #
30 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
31 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
32 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
33 # `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
34 # `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
35 # `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
36 # the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
37 # He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
38 #
39 # To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
40 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
41 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
42 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
43 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
44 #
45 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
46 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
47 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
48 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
49 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
50 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
51 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
52 # I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
53 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
54 # until we get more information.
55 #
56 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
57 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
58 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
59 # 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
60 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
61 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
62 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
63 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
65 # Algeria
66 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
67 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
68 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
69 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
70 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
71 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
72 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
73 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
74 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
75 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
76 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
77 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
78 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
79 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
80 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
81 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
82 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
83 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
87 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
89 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
90 # more precise 0:09:21.
91 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
92 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
93 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
94 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
95 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
96 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
97 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
98 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
99 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
101 1:00 - CET
103 # Angola
104 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
105 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
106 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
107 1:00 - WAT
109 # Benin
110 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
111 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
112 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
113 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
114 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
115 1:00 - WAT
117 # Botswana
118 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
119 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
120 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
121 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
122 2:00 - CAT
124 # Burkina Faso
125 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
126 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
127 0:00 - GMT
129 # Burundi
130 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
131 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
132 2:00 - CAT
134 # Cameroon
135 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
136 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
137 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
138 1:00 - WAT
140 # Cape Verde
141 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
142 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
143 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
144 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
145 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
146 -1:00 - CVT
148 # Central African Republic
149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
151 1:00 - WAT
153 # Chad
154 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
155 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
156 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
157 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
158 1:00 - WAT
160 # Comoros
161 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
163 3:00 - EAT
165 # Democratic Republic of Congo
166 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
167 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
168 1:00 - WAT
169 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
170 2:00 - CAT
172 # Republic of the Congo
173 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
174 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
175 1:00 - WAT
177 # Cote D'Ivoire
178 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
179 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
180 0:00 - GMT
182 # Djibouti
183 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
184 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
185 3:00 - EAT
187 ###############################################################################
189 # Egypt
191 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
192 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
193 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
194 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
195 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
196 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
197 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
198 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
199 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
200 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
201 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
202 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
203 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
204 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
205 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
206 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
207 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
208 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
209 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
210 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
211 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
212 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
213 Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
214 Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
215 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
216 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
217 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
218 # after observing the daylight saving time since May.
219 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
220 Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
221 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
222 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
223 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
224 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
225 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
226 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
227 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
228 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is first Thursday.
229 Rule Egypt 2007 max - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
231 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
232 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
233 2:00 Egypt EE%sT
235 # Equatorial Guinea
236 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
237 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
238 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
239 1:00 - WAT
241 # Eritrea
242 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
243 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
244 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
245 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
246 3:00 - EAT
248 # Ethiopia
249 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
250 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
251 # between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
252 # We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
253 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
254 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
255 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
256 3:00 - EAT
258 # Gabon
259 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
260 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
261 1:00 - WAT
263 # Gambia
264 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
265 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
266 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
267 -1:00 - WAT 1964
268 0:00 - GMT
270 # Ghana
271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
272 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
273 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
274 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
275 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
276 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
277 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
278 0:00 Ghana %s
280 # Guinea
281 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
282 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
283 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
284 -1:00 - WAT 1960
285 0:00 - GMT
287 # Guinea-Bissau
288 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
289 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
290 -1:00 - WAT 1975
291 0:00 - GMT
293 # Kenya
294 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
295 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
296 3:00 - EAT 1930
297 2:30 - BEAT 1940
298 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960
299 3:00 - EAT
301 # Lesotho
302 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
303 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
304 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
305 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
306 2:00 - SAST
308 # Liberia
309 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
310 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
311 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
312 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
313 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
314 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
315 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
316 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
317 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
318 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
319 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
320 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
321 0:00 - GMT
323 ###############################################################################
325 # Libya
327 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
328 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
329 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
330 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
331 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
332 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
333 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
334 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
335 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
336 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
337 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
338 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
339 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
340 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
341 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
342 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
343 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
344 2:00 - EET 1982
345 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
346 # The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
347 # the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
348 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
349 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
350 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
351 2:00 - EET
353 # Madagascar
354 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
355 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
356 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
357 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
358 3:00 - EAT
360 # Malawi
361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
362 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
363 2:00 - CAT
365 # Mali
366 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
367 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
368 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
369 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
370 0:00 - GMT
372 # Mauritania
373 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
374 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
375 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
376 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
377 0:00 - GMT
379 # Mauritius
380 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
381 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
382 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time
383 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
384 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
386 # Mayotte
387 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
388 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
389 3:00 - EAT
391 # Morocco
392 # See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
393 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
394 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
395 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
396 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
397 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
398 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
399 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
400 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
401 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
402 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
403 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
404 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
405 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
406 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
407 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
408 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
409 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
410 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
411 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
412 1:00 - CET 1986
413 0:00 - WET
414 # Western Sahara
415 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
416 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
417 0:00 - WET
419 # Mozambique
420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
421 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
422 2:00 - CAT
424 # Namibia
425 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
426 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
428 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in
429 # <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>:
430 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
431 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
432 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
433 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
434 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
435 # of the country.
436 #
437 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
438 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
439 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
441 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
442 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
443 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
444 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
445 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
446 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
447 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
448 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
449 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
450 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
451 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
453 # Niger
454 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
456 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
457 0:00 - GMT 1960
458 1:00 - WAT
460 # Nigeria
461 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
462 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
463 1:00 - WAT
465 # Reunion
466 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
467 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
468 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
469 #
470 # Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
471 # The following information about them is taken from
472 # Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
473 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
474 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
475 #
476 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
477 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
478 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
479 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
480 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
482 # Rwanda
483 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
484 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
485 2:00 - CAT
487 # St Helena
488 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
489 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
490 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
491 0:00 - GMT
492 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
493 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
494 # Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
495 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
496 # on GMT, says the CIA
497 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
499 # Sao Tome and Principe
500 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
501 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
502 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
503 0:00 - GMT
505 # Senegal
506 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
507 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
508 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
509 0:00 - GMT
511 # Seychelles
512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
513 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
514 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
515 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
516 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
517 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
518 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
519 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
520 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
522 # Sierra Leone
523 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
524 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
525 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
526 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
527 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
528 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
529 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
530 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
531 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
532 -1:00 SL %s 1957
533 0:00 SL %s
535 # Somalia
536 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
537 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
538 3:00 - EAT 1931
539 2:30 - BEAT 1957
540 3:00 - EAT
542 # South Africa
543 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
544 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
545 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
546 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
547 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
548 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
549 2:00 SA SAST
550 # Marion and Prince Edward Is
551 # scientific station since 1947
552 # no information
554 # Sudan
555 #
556 # From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
557 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
558 # </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
559 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
560 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
561 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
562 #
563 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
564 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
565 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
566 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
567 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
568 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
569 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
570 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
571 3:00 - EAT
573 # Swaziland
574 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
575 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
576 2:00 - SAST
578 # Tanzania
579 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
580 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
581 3:00 - EAT 1948
582 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961
583 3:00 - EAT
585 # Togo
586 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
587 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
588 0:00 - GMT
590 # Tunisia
592 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
593 # My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
594 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
595 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
596 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
597 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
598 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
599 # Saturday." (My translation)
600 #
601 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
602 # LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
603 # <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
604 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
605 # 1h standard time.
606 #
607 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
608 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
609 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
610 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
611 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
613 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
614 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
615 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
616 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
617 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
618 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
619 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
620 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
621 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
622 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
623 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
624 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
625 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
626 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
627 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
628 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
629 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
630 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
631 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
632 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
633 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
634 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
635 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
636 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
637 Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
638 Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
639 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
640 # more precise 0:09:21.
641 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
642 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
643 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
644 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
645 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT
647 # Uganda
648 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
649 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
650 3:00 - EAT 1930
651 2:30 - BEAT 1948
652 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957
653 3:00 - EAT
655 # Zambia
656 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
657 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
658 2:00 - CAT
660 # Zimbabwe
661 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
662 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
663 2:00 - CAT