sbin/dump/main.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)main.c   8.6 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/dump/main.c,v 1.20.2.9 2003/01/25 18:54:59 dillon Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/dump/main.c,v 1.13 2005/08/28 04:35:12 dillon Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40 #include <sys/stat.h>
  41 #include <sys/time.h>
  42 #ifdef sunos
  43 #include <sys/vnode.h>
  44
  45 #include <ufs/inode.h>
  46 #include <ufs/fs.h>
  47 #else
  48 #include <vfs/ufs/dinode.h>
  49 #include <vfs/ufs/fs.h>
  50 #endif
  51
  52 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
  53
  54 #include <ctype.h>
  55 #include <err.h>
  56 #include <fcntl.h>
  57 #include <fstab.h>
  58 #include <signal.h>
  59 #include <stdio.h>
  60 #include <stdlib.h>
  61 #include <string.h>
  62 #include <unistd.h>
  63
  64 #include "dump.h"
  65 #include "pathnames.h"
  66
  67 #ifndef SBOFF
  68 #define SBOFF (SBLOCK * DEV_BSIZE)
  69 #endif
  70
  71 int     notify = 0;     /* notify operator flag */
  72 int     blockswritten = 0;      /* number of blocks written on current tape */
  73 int     tapeno = 0;     /* current tape number */
  74 int     density = 0;    /* density in bytes/0.1" " <- this is for hilit19 */
  75 int     ntrec = NTREC;  /* # tape blocks in each tape record */
  76 int     cartridge = 0;  /* Assume non-cartridge tape */
  77 int     dokerberos = 0; /* Use Kerberos authentication */
  78 int     cachesize = 0;  /* block cache size (in bytes) */
  79 long    dev_bsize = 1;  /* recalculated below */
  80 long    blocksperfile;  /* output blocks per file */
  81 const char *host;       /* remote host (if any) */
  82 const char *dumpdates;  /* name of the file containing dump date information*/
  83 const char *temp;       /* name of the file for doing rewrite of dumpdates */
  84
  85 static long     numarg(const char *, long, long);
  86 static void     obsolete(int *, char **[]);
  87 static void     usage(void);
  88
  89 int
  90 main(int argc, char **argv)
  91 {
  92         struct stat sb;
  93         ufs1_ino_t ino;
  94         int dirty;
  95         struct dinode *dp;
  96         struct  fstab *dt;
  97         char *map;
  98         int ch;
  99         int i, anydirskipped, bflag = 0, Tflag = 0, honorlevel = 1;
 100         int just_estimate = 0;
 101         ufs1_ino_t maxino;
 102
 103         spcl.c_date = 0;
 104         time((time_t *)&spcl.c_date);
 105
 106         tsize = 0;      /* Default later, based on 'c' option for cart tapes */
 107         if ((tape = getenv("TAPE")) == NULL)
 108                 tape = _PATH_DEFTAPE;
 109         dumpdates = _PATH_DUMPDATES;
 110         temp = _PATH_DTMP;
 111         if (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE == 0 || TP_BSIZE % DEV_BSIZE != 0)
 112                 quit("TP_BSIZE must be a multiple of DEV_BSIZE\n");
 113         level = '0';
 114
 115         if (argc < 2)
 116                 usage();
 117
 118         obsolete(&argc, &argv);
 119 #ifdef KERBEROS
 120 #define optstring "0123456789aB:b:cd:f:h:kns:ST:uWwD:C:"
 121 #else
 122 #define optstring "0123456789aB:b:cd:f:h:ns:ST:uWwD:C:"
 123 #endif
 124         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, optstring)) != -1)
 125 #undef optstring
 126                 switch (ch) {
 127                 /* dump level */
 128                 case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
 129                 case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
 130                         level = ch;
 131                         break;
 132
 133                 case 'a':               /* `auto-size', Write to EOM. */
 134                         unlimited = 1;
 135                         break;
 136
 137                 case 'B':               /* blocks per output file */
 138                         blocksperfile = numarg("number of blocks per file",
 139                             1L, 0L);
 140                         break;
 141
 142                 case 'b':               /* blocks per tape write */
 143                         ntrec = numarg("number of blocks per write",
 144                             1L, 1000L);
 145                         break;
 146
 147                 case 'c':               /* Tape is cart. not 9-track */
 148                         cartridge = 1;
 149                         break;
 150
 151                 case 'd':               /* density, in bits per inch */
 152                         density = numarg("density", 10L, 327670L) / 10;
 153                         if (density >= 625 && !bflag)
 154                                 ntrec = HIGHDENSITYTREC;
 155                         break;
 156
 157                 case 'f':               /* output file */
 158                         tape = optarg;
 159                         break;
 160
 161                 case 'D':
 162                         dumpdates = optarg;
 163                         break;
 164
 165                 case 'C':
 166                         cachesize = numarg("cachesize", 0, 0) * 1024 * 1024;
 167                         break;
 168
 169                 case 'h':
 170                         honorlevel = numarg("honor level", 0L, 10L);
 171                         break;
 172
 173 #ifdef KERBEROS
 174                 case 'k':
 175                         dokerberos = 1;
 176                         break;
 177 #endif
 178
 179                 case 'n':               /* notify operators */
 180                         notify = 1;
 181                         break;
 182
 183                 case 's':               /* tape size, feet */
 184                         tsize = numarg("tape size", 1L, 0L) * 12 * 10;
 185                         break;
 186
 187                 case 'S':               /* exit after estimating # of tapes */
 188                         just_estimate = 1;
 189                         break;
 190
 191                 case 'T':               /* time of last dump */
 192                         spcl.c_ddate = unctime(optarg);
 193                         if (spcl.c_ddate < 0) {
 194                                 fprintf(stderr, "bad time \"%s\"\n", optarg);
 195                                 exit(X_STARTUP);
 196                         }
 197                         Tflag = 1;
 198                         lastlevel = '?';
 199                         break;
 200
 201                 case 'u':               /* update /etc/dumpdates */
 202                         uflag = 1;
 203                         break;
 204
 205                 case 'W':               /* what to do */
 206                 case 'w':
 207                         lastdump(ch);
 208                         exit(X_FINOK);  /* do nothing else */
 209
 210                 default:
 211                         usage();
 212                 }
 213         argc -= optind;
 214         argv += optind;
 215
 216         if (argc < 1) {
 217                 fprintf(stderr, "Must specify disk or filesystem\n");
 218                 exit(X_STARTUP);
 219         }
 220         disk = *argv++;
 221         argc--;
 222         if (argc >= 1) {
 223                 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown arguments to dump:");
 224                 while (argc--)
 225                         fprintf(stderr, " %s", *argv++);
 226                 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 227                 exit(X_STARTUP);
 228         }
 229         if (Tflag && uflag) {
 230                 fprintf(stderr, "You cannot use the T and u flags together.\n");
 231                 exit(X_STARTUP);
 232         }
 233         if (strcmp(tape, "-") == 0) {
 234                 pipeout++;
 235                 tape = "standard output";
 236         }
 237
 238         if (blocksperfile)
 239                 blocksperfile = blocksperfile / ntrec * ntrec; /* round down */
 240         else if (!unlimited) {
 241                 /*
 242                  * Determine how to default tape size and density
 243                  *
 244                  *              density                         tape size
 245                  * 9-track      1600 bpi (160 bytes/.1")        2300 ft.
 246                  * 9-track      6250 bpi (625 bytes/.1")        2300 ft.
 247                  * cartridge    8000 bpi (100 bytes/.1")        1700 ft.
 248                  *                                              (450*4 - slop)
 249                  * hilit19 hits again: "
 250                  */
 251                 if (density == 0)
 252                         density = cartridge ? 100 : 160;
 253                 if (tsize == 0)
 254                         tsize = cartridge ? 1700L*120L : 2300L*120L;
 255         }
 256
 257         if (strchr(tape, ':')) {
 258                 char *ehost;
 259                 if ((host = strdup(tape)) == NULL)
 260                         err(1, "strdup failed");
 261                 ehost = strchr(host, ':');
 262                 *ehost++ = '\0';
 263                 tape = ehost;
 264 #ifdef RDUMP
 265                 if (strchr(tape, '\n')) {
 266                     fprintf(stderr, "invalid characters in tape\n");
 267                     exit(X_STARTUP);
 268                 }
 269                 if (rmthost(host) == 0)
 270                         exit(X_STARTUP);
 271 #else
 272                 fprintf(stderr, "remote dump not enabled\n");
 273                 exit(X_STARTUP);
 274 #endif
 275         }
 276         setuid(getuid()); /* rmthost() is the only reason to be setuid */
 277
 278         if (signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 279                 signal(SIGHUP, sig);
 280         if (signal(SIGTRAP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 281                 signal(SIGTRAP, sig);
 282         if (signal(SIGFPE, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 283                 signal(SIGFPE, sig);
 284         if (signal(SIGBUS, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 285                 signal(SIGBUS, sig);
 286         if (signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 287                 signal(SIGSEGV, sig);
 288         if (signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
 289                 signal(SIGTERM, sig);
 290         if (signal(SIGINT, interrupt) == SIG_IGN)
 291                 signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
 292
 293         getfstab();             /* /etc/fstab snarfed */
 294         /*
 295          *      disk can be either the full special file name,
 296          *      the suffix of the special file name,
 297          *      the special name missing the leading '/',
 298          *      the file system name with or without the leading '/'.
 299          */
 300         dt = fstabsearch(disk);
 301         if (dt != NULL) {
 302                 disk = rawname(dt->fs_spec);
 303                 strncpy(spcl.c_dev, dt->fs_spec, NAMELEN);
 304                 strncpy(spcl.c_filesys, dt->fs_file, NAMELEN);
 305         } else {
 306                 strncpy(spcl.c_dev, disk, NAMELEN);
 307                 strncpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted file system", NAMELEN);
 308         }
 309         spcl.c_dev[NAMELEN-1]='\0';
 310         spcl.c_filesys[NAMELEN-1]='\0';
 311         strcpy(spcl.c_label, "none");
 312         gethostname(spcl.c_host, NAMELEN);
 313         spcl.c_level = level - '0';
 314         spcl.c_type = TS_TAPE;
 315         if (!Tflag)
 316                 getdumptime();          /* /etc/dumpdates snarfed */
 317
 318         msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
 319                 spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&spcl.c_date));
 320         msg("Date of last level %c dump: %s", lastlevel,
 321                 spcl.c_ddate == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&spcl.c_ddate));
 322         msg("Dumping %s ", disk);
 323         if (dt != NULL)
 324                 msgtail("(%s) ", dt->fs_file);
 325         if (host)
 326                 msgtail("to %s on host %s\n", tape, host);
 327         else
 328                 msgtail("to %s\n", tape);
 329
 330         if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
 331                 err(X_STARTUP, "Cannot open %s", disk);
 332         if (fstat(diskfd, &sb) != 0)
 333                 err(X_STARTUP, "%s: stat", disk);
 334         if (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
 335                 errx(X_STARTUP, "%s: unknown file system", disk);
 336         sync();
 337         sblock = (struct fs *)sblock_buf;
 338         bread(SBOFF, (char *) sblock, SBSIZE);
 339         if (sblock->fs_magic != FS_MAGIC)
 340                 quit("bad sblock magic number\n");
 341         dev_bsize = sblock->fs_fsize / fsbtodb(sblock, 1);
 342         dev_bshift = ffs(dev_bsize) - 1;
 343         if (dev_bsize != (1 << dev_bshift))
 344                 quit("dev_bsize (%ld) is not a power of 2", dev_bsize);
 345         tp_bshift = ffs(TP_BSIZE) - 1;
 346         if (TP_BSIZE != (1 << tp_bshift))
 347                 quit("TP_BSIZE (%d) is not a power of 2", TP_BSIZE);
 348 #ifdef FS_44INODEFMT
 349         if (sblock->fs_inodefmt >= FS_44INODEFMT)
 350                 spcl.c_flags |= DR_NEWINODEFMT;
 351 #endif
 352         maxino = sblock->fs_ipg * sblock->fs_ncg;
 353         mapsize = roundup(howmany(maxino, NBBY), TP_BSIZE);
 354         usedinomap = (char *)calloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
 355         dumpdirmap = (char *)calloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
 356         dumpinomap = (char *)calloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
 357         tapesize = 3 * (howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
 358
 359         nonodump = spcl.c_level < honorlevel;
 360
 361         passno = 1;
 362         setproctitle("%s: pass 1: regular files", disk);
 363         msg("mapping (Pass I) [regular files]\n");
 364         anydirskipped = mapfiles(maxino, &tapesize);
 365
 366         passno = 2;
 367         setproctitle("%s: pass 2: directories", disk);
 368         msg("mapping (Pass II) [directories]\n");
 369         while (anydirskipped) {
 370                 anydirskipped = mapdirs(maxino, &tapesize);
 371         }
 372
 373         if (pipeout || unlimited) {
 374                 tapesize += 10; /* 10 trailer blocks */
 375                 msg("estimated %ld tape blocks.\n", tapesize);
 376         } else {
 377                 double fetapes;
 378
 379                 if (blocksperfile)
 380                         fetapes = (double) tapesize / blocksperfile;
 381                 else if (cartridge) {
 382                         /* Estimate number of tapes, assuming streaming stops at
 383                            the end of each block written, and not in mid-block.
 384                            Assume no erroneous blocks; this can be compensated
 385                            for with an artificially low tape size. */
 386                         fetapes =
 387                         (         (double) tapesize     /* blocks */
 388                                 * TP_BSIZE      /* bytes/block */
 389                                 * (1.0/density) /* 0.1" / byte " */
 390                           +
 391                                   (double) tapesize     /* blocks */
 392                                 * (1.0/ntrec)   /* streaming-stops per block */
 393                                 * 15.48         /* 0.1" / streaming-stop " */
 394                         ) * (1.0 / tsize );     /* tape / 0.1" " */
 395                 } else {
 396                         /* Estimate number of tapes, for old fashioned 9-track
 397                            tape */
 398                         int tenthsperirg = (density == 625) ? 3 : 7;
 399                         fetapes =
 400                         (         (double) tapesize     /* blocks */
 401                                 * TP_BSIZE      /* bytes / block */
 402                                 * (1.0/density) /* 0.1" / byte " */
 403                           +
 404                                   (double) tapesize     /* blocks */
 405                                 * (1.0/ntrec)   /* IRG's / block */
 406                                 * tenthsperirg  /* 0.1" / IRG " */
 407                         ) * (1.0 / tsize );     /* tape / 0.1" " */
 408                 }
 409                 etapes = fetapes;               /* truncating assignment */
 410                 etapes++;
 411                 /* count the dumped inodes map on each additional tape */
 412                 tapesize += (etapes - 1) *
 413                         (howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
 414                 tapesize += etapes + 10;        /* headers + 10 trailer blks */
 415                 msg("estimated %ld tape blocks on %3.2f tape(s).\n",
 416                     tapesize, fetapes);
 417         }
 418
 419         /*
 420          * If the user only wants an estimate of the number of
 421          * tapes, exit now.
 422          */
 423         if (just_estimate)
 424                 exit(0);
 425
 426         /*
 427          * Allocate tape buffer.
 428          */
 429         if (!alloctape())
 430                 quit(
 431         "can't allocate tape buffers - try a smaller blocking factor.\n");
 432
 433         startnewtape(1);
 434         time((time_t *)&(tstart_writing));
 435         dumpmap(usedinomap, TS_CLRI, maxino - 1);
 436
 437         passno = 3;
 438         setproctitle("%s: pass 3: directories", disk);
 439         msg("dumping (Pass III) [directories]\n");
 440         dirty = 0;              /* XXX just to get gcc to shut up */
 441         for (map = dumpdirmap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
 442                 if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)    /* map is offset by 1 */
 443                         dirty = *map++;
 444                 else
 445                         dirty >>= 1;
 446                 if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
 447                         continue;
 448                 /*
 449                  * Skip directory inodes deleted and maybe reallocated
 450                  */
 451                 dp = getino(ino);
 452                 if ((dp->di_mode & IFMT) != IFDIR)
 453                         continue;
 454                 dumpino(dp, ino);
 455         }
 456
 457         passno = 4;
 458         setproctitle("%s: pass 4: regular files", disk);
 459         msg("dumping (Pass IV) [regular files]\n");
 460         for (map = dumpinomap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
 461                 int mode;
 462
 463                 if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)    /* map is offset by 1 */
 464                         dirty = *map++;
 465                 else
 466                         dirty >>= 1;
 467                 if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
 468                         continue;
 469                 /*
 470                  * Skip inodes deleted and reallocated as directories.
 471                  */
 472                 dp = getino(ino);
 473                 mode = dp->di_mode & IFMT;
 474                 if (mode == IFDIR)
 475                         continue;
 476                 dumpino(dp, ino);
 477         }
 478
 479         time(&tend_writing);
 480         spcl.c_type = TS_END;
 481         for (i = 0; i < ntrec; i++)
 482                 writeheader(maxino - 1);
 483         if (pipeout)
 484                 msg("DUMP: %ld tape blocks\n", (long)spcl.c_tapea);
 485         else
 486                 msg("DUMP: %ld tape blocks on %d volume%s\n",
 487                     (long)spcl.c_tapea, spcl.c_volume,
 488                     (spcl.c_volume == 1) ? "" : "s");
 489
 490         /* report dump performance, avoid division through zero */
 491         if (tend_writing - tstart_writing == 0)
 492                 msg("finished in less than a second\n");
 493         else
 494                 msg("finished in %ld seconds, throughput %ld KBytes/sec\n",
 495                     (long)(tend_writing - tstart_writing),
 496                     spcl.c_tapea / (tend_writing - tstart_writing));
 497
 498         putdumptime();
 499         trewind();
 500         broadcast("DUMP IS DONE!\a\a\n");
 501         msg("DUMP IS DONE\n");
 502         Exit(X_FINOK);
 503         /* NOTREACHED */
 504 }
 505
 506 static void
 507 usage(void)
 508 {
 509         fprintf(stderr,
 510                 "usage: dump [-0123456789ac"
 511 #ifdef KERBEROS
 512                 "k"
 513 #endif
 514                 "nSu] [-B records] [-b blocksize] [-D dumpdates]\n"
 515                 "            [-d density] [-f file ] [-h level] [-s feet]\n"
 516                 "            [-T date] [-C cachesizeMB] filesystem\n"
 517                 "       dump [-W | -w]\n");
 518         exit(X_STARTUP);
 519 }
 520
 521 /*
 522  * Pick up a numeric argument.  It must be nonnegative and in the given
 523  * range (except that a vmax of 0 means unlimited).
 524  */
 525 static long
 526 numarg(const char *meaning, long vmin, long vmax)
 527 {
 528         char *p;
 529         long val;
 530
 531         val = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
 532         if (*p)
 533                 errx(1, "illegal %s -- %s", meaning, optarg);
 534         if (val < vmin || (vmax && val > vmax))
 535                 errx(1, "%s must be between %ld and %ld", meaning, vmin, vmax);
 536         return (val);
 537 }
 538
 539 void
 540 sig(int signo)
 541 {
 542         switch(signo) {
 543         case SIGALRM:
 544         case SIGBUS:
 545         case SIGFPE:
 546         case SIGHUP:
 547         case SIGTERM:
 548         case SIGTRAP:
 549                 if (pipeout)
 550                         quit("Signal on pipe: cannot recover\n");
 551                 msg("Rewriting attempted as response to unknown signal.\n");
 552                 fflush(stderr);
 553                 fflush(stdout);
 554                 close_rewind();
 555                 exit(X_REWRITE);
 556                 /* NOTREACHED */
 557         case SIGSEGV:
 558                 msg("SIGSEGV: ABORTING!\n");
 559                 signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
 560                 kill(0, SIGSEGV);
 561                 /* NOTREACHED */
 562         }
 563 }
 564
 565 char *
 566 rawname(char *cp)
 567 {
 568         static char rawbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
 569         char *dp;
 570         struct stat sb;
 571
 572         if (stat(cp, &sb) == 0) {
 573                 /*
 574                  * If the name already refers to a raw device, return
 575                  * it immediately without tampering.
 576                  */
 577                 if ((sb.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFCHR)
 578                         return (cp);
 579         }
 580
 581         dp = strrchr(cp, '/');
 582
 583         if (dp == NULL)
 584                 return (NULL);
 585         *dp = '\0';
 586         strncpy(rawbuf, cp, MAXPATHLEN - 1);
 587         rawbuf[MAXPATHLEN-1] = '\0';
 588         *dp = '/';
 589         strncat(rawbuf, "/r", MAXPATHLEN - 1 - strlen(rawbuf));
 590         strncat(rawbuf, dp + 1, MAXPATHLEN - 1 - strlen(rawbuf));
 591         return (rawbuf);
 592 }
 593
 594 /*
 595  * obsolete --
 596  *      Change set of key letters and ordered arguments into something
 597  *      getopt(3) will like.
 598  */
 599 static void
 600 obsolete(int *argcp, char ***argvp)
 601 {
 602         int argc, flags;
 603         char *ap, **argv, *flagsp, **nargv, *p;
 604
 605         /* Setup. */
 606         argv = *argvp;
 607         argc = *argcp;
 608
 609         /* Return if no arguments or first argument has leading dash. */
 610         ap = argv[1];
 611         if (argc == 1 || *ap == '-')
 612                 return;
 613
 614         /* Allocate space for new arguments. */
 615         if ((*argvp = nargv = malloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *))) == NULL ||
 616             (p = flagsp = malloc(strlen(ap) + 2)) == NULL)
 617                 err(1, NULL);
 618
 619         *nargv++ = *argv;
 620         argv += 2;
 621
 622         for (flags = 0; *ap; ++ap) {
 623                 switch (*ap) {
 624                 case 'B':
 625                 case 'b':
 626                 case 'd':
 627                 case 'f':
 628                 case 'D':
 629                 case 'C':
 630                 case 'h':
 631                 case 's':
 632                 case 'T':
 633                         if (*argv == NULL) {
 634                                 warnx("option requires an argument -- %c", *ap);
 635                                 usage();
 636                         }
 637                         if ((nargv[0] = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2 + 1)) == NULL)
 638                                 err(1, NULL);
 639                         nargv[0][0] = '-';
 640                         nargv[0][1] = *ap;
 641                         strcpy(&nargv[0][2], *argv);
 642                         ++argv;
 643                         ++nargv;
 644                         break;
 645                 default:
 646                         if (!flags) {
 647                                 *p++ = '-';
 648                                 flags = 1;
 649                         }
 650                         *p++ = *ap;
 651                         break;
 652                 }
 653         }
 654
 655         /* Terminate flags. */
 656         if (flags) {
 657                 *p = '\0';
 658                 *nargv++ = flagsp;
 659         }
 660
 661         /* Copy remaining arguments. */
 662         while ((*nargv++ = *argv++));
 663
 664         /* Update argument count. */
 665         *argcp = nargv - *argvp - 1;
 666 }