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31 .Dd September 29, 2016
36 .Nd FFS debugging/editing tool
48 (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop
49 allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. You are prompted
50 to enter a command with
54 is the currently selected i-number. The initial selected inode is the
55 root of the file system (i-number 2).
56 The command processor uses the
58 library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired.
59 When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked
60 dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system.
62 The following options are available:
63 .Bl -tag -width indent
65 Enable additional debugging output (which comes primarily from
66 .Xr fsck 8 Ns -derived
69 Left for historical reasons and has no meaning.
71 Open the file system read/only, and disables all commands that would
79 supports these commands:
81 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
83 Print out the list of accepted commands.
85 .It Cm inode Ar i-number
88 as the new current inode.
91 Revert to the previously current inode.
93 .It Cm clri Ar i-number
101 in the current directory and make its inode the current inode.
103 may be a multi-component name or may begin with slash to indicate that
104 the root inode should be used to start the lookup. If some component
105 along the pathname is not found, the last valid directory encountered is
106 left as the active inode.
107 This command is valid only if the starting inode is a directory.
111 Print out the active inode.
114 Print out the block list of the active inode.
115 Note that the printout can become long for large files, since all
116 indirect block pointers will also be printed.
118 Increment the active inode's link count.
121 Decrement the active inode's link count.
123 .It Cm linkcount Ar number
124 Set the active inode's link count to
128 List the current inode's directory entries. This command is valid only
129 if the current inode is a directory.
135 from the current directory inode. This command is valid only
136 if the current inode is a directory.
138 .It Cm ln Ar ino Ar name
139 Create a link to inode
143 in the current directory inode. This command is valid only
144 if the current inode is a directory.
146 .It Cm chinum Ar dirslot Ar inum
147 Change the i-number in directory entry
152 .It Cm chname Ar dirslot Ar name
153 Change the name in directory entry
157 This command cannot expand a directory entry. You can only rename an
158 entry if the name will fit into the existing directory slot.
160 .It Cm chtype Ar type
161 Change the type of the current inode to
172 Change the mode bits of the current inode to
174 You cannot change the file type with this subcommand; use
178 .It Cm chflags Ar flags
179 Change the file flags of the current inode to
183 Change the owner of the current inode to
187 Change the group of the current inode to
191 Change the generation number of the current inode to
197 Change the modification, change, or access time (respectively) on the
201 should be in the format
202 .Em YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec]
205 is an optional nanosecond specification. If no nanoseconds are specified, the
210 field will be set to zero.
212 .It Cm quit , q , exit , Em <EOF>
225 It used the soure code for
227 to implement most of the file system manipulation code.
236 ported by Peter Wemm.
238 Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system
243 Manipulation of ``short'' symlinks doesn't work (in particular, don't
244 try changing a symlink's type).
246 You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names.
248 There are a bunch of other things that you might want to do which