usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)xinstall.c       8.1 (Berkeley) 7/21/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c,v 1.38.2.8 2002/08/07 16:29:48 ru Exp $
  36  */
  37
  38 #include <sys/param.h>
  39 #include <sys/mman.h>
  40 #include <sys/mount.h>
  41 #include <sys/stat.h>
  42 #include <sys/wait.h>
  43
  44 #include <ctype.h>
  45 #include <err.h>
  46 #include <errno.h>
  47 #include <fcntl.h>
  48 #include <grp.h>
  49 #include <paths.h>
  50 #include <pwd.h>
  51 #include <stdio.h>
  52 #include <stdlib.h>
  53 #include <string.h>
  54 #include <sysexits.h>
  55 #include <unistd.h>
  56 #include <utime.h>
  57
  58 #include "pathnames.h"
  59
  60 /* Bootstrap aid - this doesn't exist in most older releases */
  61 #ifndef MAP_FAILED
  62 #define MAP_FAILED ((void *)-1) /* from <sys/mman.h> */
  63 #endif
  64 #ifndef UF_NOHISTORY
  65 #define UF_NOHISTORY    0
  66 #endif
  67
  68 #define MAX_CMP_SIZE    (16 * 1024 * 1024)
  69
  70 #define DIRECTORY       0x01            /* Tell install it's a directory. */
  71 #define SETFLAGS        0x02            /* Tell install to set flags. */
  72 #define NOCHANGEBITS    (UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND)
  73 #define BACKUP_SUFFIX   ".old"
  74
  75 struct passwd *pp;
  76 struct group *gp;
  77 gid_t gid;
  78 uid_t uid;
  79 int dobackup, docompare, dodir, dopreserve, dostrip, nommap, safecopy, verbose;
  80 mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
  81 const char *suffix = BACKUP_SUFFIX;
  82 char  *destdir;
  83
  84 static int file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gidret);
  85 static int file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uidret);
  86
  87 void    copy(int, const char *, int, const char *, off_t);
  88 int     compare(int, const char *, size_t, int, const char *, size_t);
  89 int     create_newfile(const char *, int, struct stat *);
  90 int     create_tempfile(const char *, char *, size_t);
  91 void    install(const char *, const char *, u_long, u_long, u_int);
  92 void    install_dir(char *);
  93 u_long  numeric_id(const char *, const char *);
  94 void    strip(const char *);
  95 int     trymmap(int);
  96 void    usage(void);
  97
  98 int
  99 main(int argc, char **argv)
 100 {
 101         struct stat from_sb, to_sb;
 102         mode_t *set;
 103         u_long fset;
 104         u_long fclr;
 105         int ch, no_target;
 106         int trysys;
 107         u_int iflags;
 108         char *flags;
 109         const char *group, *owner, *to_name;
 110         const char *etcdir;
 111
 112         iflags = 0;
 113         trysys = 0;
 114         group = NULL;
 115         owner = NULL;
 116         etcdir = NULL;
 117
 118         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "L:B:bCcdf:g:lMm:o:pSsv:D:")) != -1)
 119                 switch((char)ch) {
 120                 case 'L':
 121                         etcdir = optarg;
 122                         break;
 123                 case 'B':
 124                         suffix = optarg;
 125                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 126                 case 'b':
 127                         dobackup = 1;
 128                         break;
 129                 case 'C':
 130                         docompare = 1;
 131                         break;
 132                 case 'c':
 133                         /* For backwards compatibility. */
 134                         break;
 135                 case 'd':
 136                         dodir = 1;
 137                         break;
 138                 case 'D':
 139                         destdir = optarg;
 140                         break;
 141                 case 'f':
 142                         flags = optarg;
 143                         if (strtofflags(&flags, &fset, &fclr))
 144                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid flag", flags);
 145                         iflags |= SETFLAGS;
 146                         break;
 147                 case 'g':
 148                         group = optarg;
 149                         break;
 150                 case 'l':
 151                         trysys = 1;
 152                         break;
 153                 case 'M':
 154                         nommap = 1;
 155                         break;
 156                 case 'm':
 157                         if (!(set = setmode(optarg)))
 158                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid file mode: %s",
 159                                      optarg);
 160                         mode = getmode(set, 0);
 161                         free(set);
 162                         break;
 163                 case 'o':
 164                         owner = optarg;
 165                         break;
 166                 case 'p':
 167                         docompare = dopreserve = 1;
 168                         break;
 169                 case 'S':
 170                         safecopy = 1;
 171                         break;
 172                 case 's':
 173                         dostrip = 1;
 174                         break;
 175                 case 'v':
 176                         verbose = 1;
 177                         break;
 178                 case '?':
 179                 default:
 180                         usage();
 181                 }
 182         argc -= optind;
 183         argv += optind;
 184
 185         /* some options make no sense when creating directories */
 186         if (dostrip && dodir)
 187                 usage();
 188
 189         /* must have at least two arguments, except when creating directories */
 190         if (argc < 2 && !dodir)
 191                 usage();
 192
 193         /* need to make a temp copy so we can compare stripped version */
 194         if (docompare && dostrip)
 195                 safecopy = 1;
 196
 197         /* no etcdir specified, always try the system */
 198         if (etcdir == NULL)
 199                 trysys = 1;
 200         uid = (uid_t)-1;
 201         gid = (gid_t)-1;
 202
 203         /* get group and owner id's */
 204         if (group != NULL) {
 205                 if (etcdir && file_getgroup(etcdir, group, &gid)) {
 206                         ;
 207                 } else if (trysys && (gp = getgrnam(group)) != NULL) {
 208                         gid = gp->gr_gid;
 209                 } else {
 210                         gid = (gid_t)numeric_id(group, "group");
 211                 }
 212         }
 213
 214         if (owner != NULL) {
 215                 if (etcdir && file_getowner(etcdir, owner, &uid)) {
 216                         ;
 217                 } else if (trysys && (pp = getpwnam(owner)) != NULL) {
 218                         uid = pp->pw_uid;
 219                 } else {
 220                         uid = (uid_t)numeric_id(owner, "user");
 221                 }
 222         }
 223
 224         if (dodir) {
 225                 for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv)
 226                         install_dir(*argv);
 227                 exit(EX_OK);
 228                 /* NOTREACHED */
 229         }
 230
 231         no_target = stat(to_name = argv[argc - 1], &to_sb);
 232         if (!no_target && S_ISDIR(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 233                 for (; *argv != to_name; ++argv)
 234                         install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags | DIRECTORY);
 235                 exit(EX_OK);
 236                 /* NOTREACHED */
 237         }
 238
 239         /* can't do file1 file2 directory/file */
 240         if (argc != 2)
 241                 usage();
 242
 243         if (!no_target) {
 244                 if (stat(*argv, &from_sb))
 245                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", *argv);
 246                 if (!S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 247                         errno = EFTYPE;
 248                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 249                 }
 250                 if (to_sb.st_dev == from_sb.st_dev &&
 251                     to_sb.st_ino == from_sb.st_ino)
 252                         errx(EX_USAGE,
 253                             "%s and %s are the same file", *argv, to_name);
 254         }
 255         install(*argv, to_name, fset, fclr, iflags);
 256         exit(EX_OK);
 257         /* NOTREACHED */
 258 }
 259
 260 u_long
 261 numeric_id(const char *name, const char *type)
 262 {
 263         u_long val;
 264         char *ep;
 265
 266         /*
 267          * XXX
 268          * We know that uid_t's and gid_t's are unsigned longs.
 269          */
 270         errno = 0;
 271         val = strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
 272         if (errno)
 273                 err(EX_NOUSER, "%s", name);
 274         if (*ep != '\0')
 275                 errx(EX_NOUSER, "unknown %s %s", type, name);
 276         return (val);
 277 }
 278
 279 static
 280 int
 281 file_getgroup(const char *etcdir, const char *group, gid_t *gidret)
 282 {
 283         FILE *fp;
 284         size_t len;
 285         size_t grlen;
 286         char *path;
 287         char *ptr;
 288         char *scan;
 289
 290         grlen = strlen(group);
 291
 292         if (asprintf(&path, "%s/group", etcdir) < 0)
 293                 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
 294         if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
 295                 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
 296                         ptr[len - 1] = 0;
 297                         if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
 298                                 continue;
 299                         if ((size_t)(scan - ptr) != grlen)
 300                                 continue;
 301                         if (strncmp(ptr, group, grlen) != 0)
 302                                 continue;
 303                         if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
 304                                 continue;
 305                         *gidret = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
 306                         break;
 307                 }
 308                 fclose(fp);
 309         }
 310         free(path);
 311         return((*gidret == (gid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
 312 }
 313
 314 static
 315 int
 316 file_getowner(const char *etcdir, const char *owner, uid_t *uidret)
 317 {
 318         FILE *fp;
 319         size_t len;
 320         size_t owner_len;
 321         char *path;
 322         char *ptr;
 323         char *scan;
 324
 325         owner_len = strlen(owner);
 326
 327         if (asprintf(&path, "%s/master.passwd", etcdir) < 0)
 328                 errx(EX_OSERR, "asprintf()");
 329         if ((fp = fopen(path, "r")) != NULL) {
 330                 while ((ptr = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL && len) {
 331                         ptr[len - 1] = 0;
 332                         if ((scan = strchr(ptr, ':')) == NULL)
 333                                 continue;
 334                         if ((size_t)(scan - ptr) != owner_len)
 335                                 continue;
 336                         if (strncmp(ptr, owner, owner_len) != 0)
 337                                 continue;
 338                         if ((scan = strchr(scan + 1, ':')) == NULL)
 339                                 continue;
 340                         *uidret = strtoul(scan + 1, NULL, 10);
 341                         break;
 342                 }
 343                 fclose(fp);
 344         }
 345         free(path);
 346         return((*uidret == (uid_t)-1) ? 0 : 1);
 347 }
 348
 349 /*
 350  * install --
 351  *      build a path name and install the file
 352  */
 353 void
 354 install(const char *from_name, const char *to_name, u_long fset, u_long fclr,
 355         u_int flags)
 356 {
 357         struct stat from_sb, temp_sb, to_sb;
 358         struct utimbuf utb;
 359         int devnull, files_match, from_fd, serrno, target;
 360         int tempcopy, temp_fd, to_fd;
 361         u_long nfset;
 362         char backup[MAXPATHLEN], *p, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN], tempfile[MAXPATHLEN];
 363
 364         files_match = 0;
 365         from_fd = -1;
 366
 367         /* If try to install NULL file to a directory, fails. */
 368         if (flags & DIRECTORY || strcmp(from_name, _PATH_DEVNULL)) {
 369                 if (stat(from_name, &from_sb))
 370                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 371                 if (!S_ISREG(from_sb.st_mode)) {
 372                         errno = EFTYPE;
 373                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 374                 }
 375                 /* Build the target path. */
 376                 if (flags & DIRECTORY) {
 377                         snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "%s/%s",
 378                             to_name,
 379                             (p = strrchr(from_name, '/')) ? ++p : from_name);
 380                         to_name = pathbuf;
 381                 }
 382                 devnull = 0;
 383         } else {
 384                 devnull = 1;
 385         }
 386
 387         target = stat(to_name, &to_sb) == 0;
 388
 389         /* Only install to regular files. */
 390         if (target && !S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 391                 errno = EFTYPE;
 392                 warn("%s", to_name);
 393                 return;
 394         }
 395
 396         /* Only copy safe if the target exists. */
 397         tempcopy = safecopy && target;
 398
 399         if (!devnull && (from_fd = open(from_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 400                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 401
 402         /* If we don't strip, we can compare first. */
 403         if (docompare && !dostrip && target) {
 404                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 405                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 406                 if (devnull)
 407                         files_match = to_sb.st_size == 0;
 408                 else
 409                         files_match = !(compare(from_fd, from_name,
 410                             (size_t)from_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 411                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size));
 412
 413                 /* Close "to" file unless we match. */
 414                 if (!files_match)
 415                         close(to_fd);
 416         }
 417
 418         if (!files_match) {
 419                 if (tempcopy) {
 420                         to_fd = create_tempfile(to_name, tempfile,
 421                             sizeof(tempfile));
 422                         if (to_fd < 0)
 423                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 424                 } else {
 425                         if ((to_fd = create_newfile(to_name, target,
 426                             &to_sb)) < 0)
 427                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 428                         if (verbose)
 429                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
 430                                     from_name, to_name);
 431                 }
 432                 if (!devnull)
 433                         copy(from_fd, from_name, to_fd,
 434                              tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, from_sb.st_size);
 435         }
 436
 437         if (dostrip) {
 438                 strip(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name);
 439
 440                 /*
 441                  * Re-open our fd on the target, in case we used a strip
 442                  * that does not work in-place -- like GNU binutils strip.
 443                  */
 444                 close(to_fd);
 445                 to_fd = open(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, O_RDONLY, 0);
 446                 if (to_fd < 0)
 447                         err(EX_OSERR, "stripping %s", to_name);
 448         }
 449
 450         /*
 451          * Compare the stripped temp file with the target.
 452          */
 453         if (docompare && dostrip && target) {
 454                 temp_fd = to_fd;
 455
 456                 /* Re-open to_fd using the real target name. */
 457                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 458                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 459
 460                 if (fstat(temp_fd, &temp_sb)) {
 461                         serrno = errno;
 462                         unlink(tempfile);
 463                         errno = serrno;
 464                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 465                 }
 466
 467                 if (compare(temp_fd, tempfile, (size_t)temp_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 468                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size) == 0) {
 469                         /*
 470                          * If target has more than one link we need to
 471                          * replace it in order to snap the extra links.
 472                          * Need to preserve target file times, though.
 473                          */
 474                         if (to_sb.st_nlink != 1) {
 475                                 utb.actime = to_sb.st_atime;
 476                                 utb.modtime = to_sb.st_mtime;
 477                                 utime(tempfile, &utb);
 478                         } else {
 479                                 files_match = 1;
 480                                 unlink(tempfile);
 481                         }
 482                         close(temp_fd);
 483                 }
 484         }
 485
 486         /*
 487          * Move the new file into place if doing a safe copy
 488          * and the files are different (or just not compared).
 489          */
 490         if (tempcopy && !files_match) {
 491                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
 492                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 493                         chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 494                 if (dobackup) {
 495                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s", to_name,
 496                             suffix) != strlen(to_name) + strlen(suffix)) {
 497                                 unlink(tempfile);
 498                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
 499                                     to_name);
 500                         }
 501                         if (verbose)
 502                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n", to_name, backup);
 503                         if (rename(to_name, backup) < 0) {
 504                                 serrno = errno;
 505                                 unlink(tempfile);
 506                                 errno = serrno;
 507                                 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", to_name,
 508                                      backup);
 509                         }
 510                 }
 511                 if (verbose)
 512                         printf("install: %s -> %s\n", from_name, to_name);
 513                 if (rename(tempfile, to_name) < 0) {
 514                         serrno = errno;
 515                         unlink(tempfile);
 516                         errno = serrno;
 517                         err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s",
 518                             tempfile, to_name);
 519                 }
 520
 521                 /* Re-open to_fd so we aren't hosed by the rename(2). */
 522                 close(to_fd);
 523                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 524                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 525         }
 526
 527         /*
 528          * Preserve the timestamp of the source file if necessary.
 529          */
 530         if (dopreserve && !files_match && !devnull) {
 531                 utb.actime = from_sb.st_atime;
 532                 utb.modtime = from_sb.st_mtime;
 533                 utime(to_name, &utb);
 534         }
 535
 536         if (fstat(to_fd, &to_sb) == -1) {
 537                 serrno = errno;
 538                 unlink(to_name);
 539                 errno = serrno;
 540                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 541         }
 542
 543         /*
 544          * Set owner, group, mode for target; do the chown first,
 545          * chown may lose the setuid bits.
 546          */
 547         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
 548             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid) ||
 549             (mode != to_sb.st_mode)) {
 550                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
 551                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 552                         fchflags(to_fd, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 553         }
 554
 555         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
 556             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid))
 557                 if (fchown(to_fd, uid, gid) == -1) {
 558                         serrno = errno;
 559                         unlink(to_name);
 560                         errno = serrno;
 561                         err(EX_OSERR,"%s: chown/chgrp", to_name);
 562                 }
 563
 564         if (mode != to_sb.st_mode)
 565                 if (fchmod(to_fd, mode)) {
 566                         serrno = errno;
 567                         unlink(to_name);
 568                         errno = serrno;
 569                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chmod", to_name);
 570                 }
 571
 572         /*
 573          * If provided a set of flags, set them, otherwise, preserve the
 574          * flags, except for the dump and history flags.  The dump flag
 575          * is left clear on the target while the history flag from when
 576          * the target was created (which is inherited from the target's
 577          * parent directory) is retained.
 578          */
 579         if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
 580                 nfset = (to_sb.st_flags | fset) & ~fclr;
 581         } else {
 582                 nfset = (from_sb.st_flags & ~(UF_NODUMP | UF_NOHISTORY)) |
 583                         (to_sb.st_flags & UF_NOHISTORY);
 584         }
 585
 586         /*
 587          * NFS does not support flags.  Ignore EOPNOTSUPP flags if we're just
 588          * trying to turn off UF_NODUMP.  If we're trying to set real flags,
 589          * then warn if the the fs doesn't support it, otherwise fail.
 590          */
 591         if (!devnull && fchflags(to_fd, nfset)) {
 592                 if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
 593                         if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
 594                                 warn("%s: chflags", to_name);
 595                         else {
 596                                 serrno = errno;
 597                                 unlink(to_name);
 598                                 errno = serrno;
 599                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chflags", to_name);
 600                         }
 601                 }
 602         }
 603
 604         close(to_fd);
 605         if (!devnull)
 606                 close(from_fd);
 607 }
 608
 609 /*
 610  * compare --
 611  *      compare two files; non-zero means files differ
 612  */
 613 int
 614 compare(int from_fd, const char *from_name __unused, size_t from_len,
 615         int to_fd, const char *to_name __unused, size_t to_len)
 616 {
 617         char *p, *q;
 618         int rv;
 619         int done_compare;
 620
 621         rv = 0;
 622         if (from_len != to_len)
 623                 return 1;
 624
 625         if (from_len <= MAX_CMP_SIZE) {
 626                 done_compare = 0;
 627                 if (trymmap(from_fd) && trymmap(to_fd)) {
 628                         p = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, from_fd, (off_t)0);
 629                         if (p == (char *)MAP_FAILED)
 630                                 goto out;
 631                         q = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, to_fd, (off_t)0);
 632                         if (q == (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
 633                                 munmap(p, from_len);
 634                                 goto out;
 635                         }
 636
 637                         rv = memcmp(p, q, from_len);
 638                         munmap(p, from_len);
 639                         munmap(q, from_len);
 640                         done_compare = 1;
 641                 }
 642         out:
 643                 if (!done_compare) {
 644                         char buf1[MAXBSIZE];
 645                         char buf2[MAXBSIZE];
 646                         int n1, n2;
 647
 648                         rv = 0;
 649                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 650                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 651                         while (rv == 0) {
 652                                 n1 = read(from_fd, buf1, sizeof(buf1));
 653                                 if (n1 == 0)
 654                                         break;          /* EOF */
 655                                 else if (n1 > 0) {
 656                                         n2 = read(to_fd, buf2, n1);
 657                                         if (n2 == n1)
 658                                                 rv = memcmp(buf1, buf2, n1);
 659                                         else
 660                                                 rv = 1; /* out of sync */
 661                                 } else
 662                                         rv = 1;         /* read failure */
 663                         }
 664                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 665                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 666                 }
 667         } else
 668                 rv = 1; /* don't bother in this case */
 669
 670         return rv;
 671 }
 672
 673 /*
 674  * create_tempfile --
 675  *      create a temporary file based on path and open it
 676  */
 677 int
 678 create_tempfile(const char *path, char *temp, size_t tsize)
 679 {
 680         char *p;
 681
 682         strncpy(temp, path, tsize);
 683         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
 684         if ((p = strrchr(temp, '/')) != NULL)
 685                 p++;
 686         else
 687                 p = temp;
 688         strncpy(p, "INS@XXXX", &temp[tsize - 1] - p);
 689         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
 690         return (mkstemp(temp));
 691 }
 692
 693 /*
 694  * create_newfile --
 695  *      create a new file, overwriting an existing one if necessary
 696  */
 697 int
 698 create_newfile(const char *path, int target, struct stat *sbp)
 699 {
 700         char backup[MAXPATHLEN];
 701
 702         if (target) {
 703                 /*
 704                  * Unlink now... avoid ETXTBSY errors later.  Try to turn
 705                  * off the append/immutable bits -- if we fail, go ahead,
 706                  * it might work.
 707                  */
 708                 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 709                         chflags(path, sbp->st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 710
 711                 if (dobackup) {
 712                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
 713                             path, suffix) != strlen(path) + strlen(suffix))
 714                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
 715                                     path);
 716                         snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
 717                             path, suffix);
 718                         if (verbose)
 719                                 printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
 720                                     path, backup);
 721                         if (rename(path, backup) < 0)
 722                                 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", path, backup);
 723                 } else
 724                         unlink(path);
 725         }
 726
 727         return (open(path, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR));
 728 }
 729
 730 /*
 731  * copy --
 732  *      copy from one file to another
 733  */
 734 void
 735 copy(int from_fd, const char *from_name, int to_fd,
 736      const char *to_name, off_t size)
 737 {
 738         int nr, nw;
 739         int serrno;
 740         char *p, buf[MAXBSIZE];
 741         int done_copy;
 742
 743         /* Rewind file descriptors. */
 744         if (lseek(from_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
 745                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", from_name);
 746         if (lseek(to_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
 747                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", to_name);
 748
 749         /*
 750          * Mmap and write if less than 8M (the limit is so we don't totally
 751          * trash memory on big files.  This is really a minor hack, but it
 752          * wins some CPU back.
 753          */
 754         done_copy = 0;
 755         if (size <= 8 * 1048576 && trymmap(from_fd) &&
 756             (p = mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
 757                     from_fd, (off_t)0)) != (char *)MAP_FAILED) {
 758                 if ((nw = write(to_fd, p, size)) != size) {
 759                         serrno = errno;
 760                         unlink(to_name);
 761                         errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
 762                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 763                 }
 764                 done_copy = 1;
 765         }
 766         if (!done_copy) {
 767                 while ((nr = read(from_fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
 768                         if ((nw = write(to_fd, buf, nr)) != nr) {
 769                                 serrno = errno;
 770                                 unlink(to_name);
 771                                 errno = nw > 0 ? EIO : serrno;
 772                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 773                         }
 774                 if (nr != 0) {
 775                         serrno = errno;
 776                         unlink(to_name);
 777                         errno = serrno;
 778                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 779                 }
 780         }
 781 }
 782
 783 /*
 784  * strip --
 785  *      use strip(1) to strip the target file
 786  */
 787 void
 788 strip(const char *to_name)
 789 {
 790         const char *stripbin;
 791         int serrno, status;
 792
 793         switch (fork()) {
 794         case -1:
 795                 serrno = errno;
 796                 unlink(to_name);
 797                 errno = serrno;
 798                 err(EX_TEMPFAIL, "fork");
 799         case 0:
 800                 stripbin = getenv("STRIPBIN");
 801                 if (stripbin == NULL)
 802                         stripbin = "strip";
 803                 execlp(stripbin, stripbin, to_name, NULL);
 804                 err(EX_OSERR, "exec(%s)", stripbin);
 805         default:
 806                 if (wait(&status) == -1 || status) {
 807                         serrno = errno;
 808                         unlink(to_name);
 809                         errc(EX_SOFTWARE, serrno, "wait");
 810                         /* NOTREACHED */
 811                 }
 812         }
 813 }
 814
 815 /*
 816  * When doing a concurrent make -j N multiple install's can race the mkdir.
 817  */
 818 static
 819 int
 820 mkdir_race(const char *path, int nmode)
 821 {
 822         int res;
 823         struct stat sb;
 824
 825         res = mkdir(path, nmode);
 826         if (res < 0 && errno == EEXIST) {
 827                 if (stat(path, &sb) == 0 && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
 828                         return(0);
 829                 res = mkdir(path, nmode);
 830         }
 831         return (res);
 832 }
 833
 834 /*
 835  * install_dir --
 836  *      build directory hierarchy
 837  */
 838 void
 839 install_dir(char *path)
 840 {
 841         char *p;
 842         struct stat sb;
 843         int ch;
 844
 845         for (p = path;; ++p)
 846                 if (!*p || (p != path && *p  == '/')) {
 847                         ch = *p;
 848                         *p = '\0';
 849                         if (stat(path, &sb)) {
 850                                 if (errno != ENOENT ||
 851                                     mkdir_race(path, 0755) < 0) {
 852                                         err(EX_OSERR, "mkdir %s", path);
 853                                         /* NOTREACHED */
 854                                 } else if (verbose)
 855                                         printf("install: mkdir %s\n",
 856                                                      path);
 857                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
 858                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s exists but is not a directory", path);
 859                         if (!(*p = ch))
 860                                 break;
 861                 }
 862
 863         if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 || uid != (uid_t)-1) && chown(path, uid, gid))
 864                 warn("chown %u:%u %s", uid, gid, path);
 865         if (chmod(path, mode))
 866                 warn("chmod %o %s", mode, path);
 867 }
 868
 869 /*
 870  * usage --
 871  *      print a usage message and die
 872  */
 873 void
 874 usage(void)
 875 {
 876         fprintf(stderr, "\
 877 usage: install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-D dest] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
 878                [-o owner] file1 file2\n\
 879        install [-bCcpSsv] [-B suffix] [-D dest] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode]\n\
 880                [-o owner] file1 ... fileN directory\n\
 881        install -d [-v] [-D dest] [-g group] [-m mode] [-o owner] directory ...\n");
 882         exit(EX_USAGE);
 883         /* NOTREACHED */
 884 }
 885
 886 /*
 887  * trymmap --
 888  *      return true (1) if mmap should be tried, false (0) if not.
 889  */
 890 int
 891 trymmap(int fd)
 892 {
 893 /*
 894  * The ifdef is for bootstrapping - f_fstypename doesn't exist in
 895  * pre-Lite2-merge systems.
 896  */
 897 #ifdef MFSNAMELEN
 898         struct statfs stfs;
 899
 900         if (nommap || fstatfs(fd, &stfs) != 0)
 901                 return (0);
 902         if (strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "ufs") == 0 ||
 903             strcmp(stfs.f_fstypename, "cd9660") == 0)
 904                 return (1);
 905 #endif
 906         return (0);
 907 }