usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)vmstat.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
  36  */
  37
  38 #include <sys/user.h>
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40 #include <sys/time.h>
  41 #include <sys/uio.h>
  42 #include <sys/namei.h>
  43 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  44 #include <sys/signal.h>
  45 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  48 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  49 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
  50
  51 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  52
  53 #include <ctype.h>
  54 #include <err.h>
  55 #include <errno.h>
  56 #include <kinfo.h>
  57 #include <kvm.h>
  58 #include <limits.h>
  59 #include <nlist.h>
  60 #include <paths.h>
  61 #include <stdio.h>
  62 #include <stdlib.h>
  63 #include <string.h>
  64 #include <sysexits.h>
  65 #include <time.h>
  66 #include <unistd.h>
  67 #include <devstat.h>
  68
  69 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  70 #define X_BOOTTIME      0
  71         { "_boottime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  72 #define X_NCHSTATS      1
  73         { "_nchstats",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  74 #define X_KMEMSTATISTICS        2
  75         { "_kmemstatistics",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  76 #define X_ZLIST         3
  77         { "_zlist",     0, 0, 0, 0 },
  78 #ifdef notyet
  79 #define X_DEFICIT       4
  80         { "_deficit",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  81 #define X_FORKSTAT      5
  82         { "_forkstat",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  83 #define X_REC           6
  84         { "_rectime",   0, 0, 0, 0 },
  85 #define X_PGIN          7
  86         { "_pgintime",  0, 0, 0, 0 },
  87 #define X_XSTATS        8
  88         { "_xstats",    0, 0, 0, 0 },
  89 #define X_END           9
  90 #else
  91 #define X_END           4
  92 #endif
  93         { "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  94 };
  95
  96 struct statinfo cur, last;
  97 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
  98 long generation;
  99 struct device_selection *dev_select;
 100 int num_selected;
 101 struct devstat_match *matches;
 102 int num_matches = 0;
 103 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 104 long select_generation;
 105 char **specified_devices;
 106 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 107
 108 struct  vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
 109 struct  vmstats vms, ovms;
 110
 111 int     winlines = 20;
 112 int     nflag = 0;
 113 int     verbose = 0;
 114
 115 kvm_t *kd;
 116
 117 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
 118
 119 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 120 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 121 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 122 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 123 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 124 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 125 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 126
 127 static void cpustats(void);
 128 static void dointr(void);
 129 static void domem(void);
 130 static void dosum(void);
 131 static void dozmem(void);
 132 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
 133 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
 134 static void usage(void);
 135 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
 136 static long getuptime(void);
 137 static void needhdr(int);
 138 static long pct(long, long);
 139
 140 #ifdef notyet
 141 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
 142 static void doforkst(void);
 143 #endif
 144 static void printhdr(void);
 145 static void devstats(void);
 146
 147 int
 148 main(int argc, char **argv)
 149 {
 150         int c, todo;
 151         u_int interval;         /* milliseconds */
 152         int reps;
 153         char *memf, *nlistf;
 154         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 155
 156         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 157         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 158         maxshowdevs = 2;
 159         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stvw:z")) != -1) {
 160                 switch (c) {
 161                 case 'c':
 162                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 163                         break;
 164                 case 'f':
 165 #ifdef notyet
 166                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 167 #else
 168                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
 169 #endif
 170                         break;
 171                 case 'i':
 172                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 173                         break;
 174                 case 'M':
 175                         memf = optarg;
 176                         break;
 177                 case 'm':
 178                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 179                         break;
 180                 case 'N':
 181                         nlistf = optarg;
 182                         break;
 183                 case 'n':
 184                         nflag = 1;
 185                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 186                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 187                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 188                                      maxshowdevs);
 189                         break;
 190                 case 'p':
 191                         if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 192                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 193                         break;
 194                 case 's':
 195                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 196                         break;
 197                 case 't':
 198 #ifdef notyet
 199                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 200 #else
 201                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 202 #endif
 203                         break;
 204                 case 'v':
 205                         ++verbose;
 206                         break;
 207                 case 'w':
 208                         interval = (u_int)(strtod(optarg, NULL) * 1000.0);
 209                         break;
 210                 case 'z':
 211                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 212                         break;
 213                 default:
 214                         usage();
 215                 }
 216         }
 217         argc -= optind;
 218         argv += optind;
 219
 220         if (todo == 0)
 221                 todo = VMSTAT;
 222
 223         /*
 224          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 225          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 226          */
 227         if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
 228                 setgid(getgid());
 229
 230         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 231         if (kd == NULL)
 232                 errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 233
 234         if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 235                 if (c > 0) {
 236                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 237                         for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
 238                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 239                                         fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 240                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 241                         fputc('\n', stderr);
 242                 } else
 243                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 244                 exit(1);
 245         }
 246
 247         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 248                 struct winsize winsize;
 249
 250                 /*
 251                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 252                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 253                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 254                  */
 255                 if (checkversion() < 0)
 256                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 257
 258
 259                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 260                 winsize.ws_row = 0;
 261                 ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
 262                 if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
 263                         winlines = winsize.ws_row;
 264
 265         }
 266
 267 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 268 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 269         if (*argv) {
 270                 interval = (u_int)(strtod(*argv, NULL) * 1000.0);
 271                 if (*++argv)
 272                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 273         }
 274 #endif
 275
 276         if (interval) {
 277                 if (!reps)
 278                         reps = -1;
 279         } else if (reps) {
 280                 interval = 1000;
 281         }
 282
 283 #ifdef notyet
 284         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 285                 doforkst();
 286 #endif
 287         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 288                 domem();
 289         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 290                 dozmem();
 291         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 292                 dosum();
 293 #ifdef notyet
 294         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 295                 dotimes();
 296 #endif
 297         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 298                 dointr();
 299         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 300                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 301         exit(0);
 302 }
 303
 304 static char **
 305 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 306 {
 307         if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
 308                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 309
 310         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 311         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 312         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 313         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 314
 315         if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
 316                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 317
 318         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 319         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 320
 321         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 322         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 323                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 324                         break;
 325                 num_devices_specified++;
 326                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 327                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 328                                                      num_devices_specified);
 329                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 330         }
 331         dev_select = NULL;
 332
 333         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 334                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 335
 336         /*
 337          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 338          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 339          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 340          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 341          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 342          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 343          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 344          * those devices.
 345          */
 346         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 347                 if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 348                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 349
 350                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 351         } else
 352                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 353
 354         /*
 355          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 356          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 357          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 358          */
 359         if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 360                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 361                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 362                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 363                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 364                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 365
 366         return(argv);
 367 }
 368
 369 static long
 370 getuptime(void)
 371 {
 372         static time_t now, boottime;
 373         time_t uptime;
 374
 375         if (boottime == 0)
 376                 kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
 377         time(&now);
 378         uptime = now - boottime;
 379         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 380                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 381         return(uptime);
 382 }
 383
 384 int     hdrcnt;
 385
 386 static void
 387 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
 388 {
 389         struct vmtotal total;
 390         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 391         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 392         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 393         size_t vmt_size = sizeof(total);
 394         int initial = 1;
 395
 396         signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 397
 398         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 399                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 400                         printhdr();
 401                 if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
 402                         err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
 403
 404                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 405                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 406                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 407                 last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
 408
 409                 /*
 410                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 411                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 412                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 413                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 414                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 415                  */
 416                 switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
 417                 case -1:
 418                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 419                         break;
 420                 case 1: {
 421                         int retval;
 422
 423                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 424                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 425
 426                         retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 427                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 428                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 429                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 430                                             specified_devices,
 431                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 432                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 433                         switch (retval) {
 434                         case -1:
 435                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 436                                 break;
 437                         case 1:
 438                                 printhdr();
 439                                 break;
 440                         default:
 441                                 break;
 442                         }
 443                 }
 444                 default:
 445                         break;
 446                 }
 447
 448                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 449                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 450                         exit(1);
 451                 }
 452                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 453                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
 454                         exit(1);
 455                 }
 456                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
 457                         perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
 458                         exit(1);
 459                 }
 460                 printf("%2ld %1ld %1ld",
 461                     total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 462
 463 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) \
 464         (intmax_t)(((intmax_t)(a) * vms.v_page_size) >> 10)
 465 #define rate(x)         \
 466         (intmax_t)(initial ? (x) : ((intmax_t)(x) * 1000 + interval / 2) \
 467                                    / interval)
 468
 469                 printf(" %7jd %6jd ",
 470                        vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm),
 471                        vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
 472                 printf("%4ju ",
 473                        rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
 474                 printf("%3ju ",
 475                        rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
 476                 printf("%3ju ",
 477                        rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
 478                             (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
 479                 printf("%3ju ",
 480                        rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
 481                             (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
 482                 printf("%3ju ",
 483                        rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
 484                 printf("%3ju ",
 485                        rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
 486                 devstats();
 487                 printf("%4ju %4ju %3ju ",
 488                        rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
 489                        rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
 490                        rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
 491                 cpustats();
 492                 printf("\n");
 493                 fflush(stdout);
 494                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 495                         break;
 496                 ovmm = vmm;
 497                 usleep(interval * 1000);
 498                 initial = 0;
 499         }
 500 }
 501
 502 static void
 503 printhdr(void)
 504 {
 505         int i, num_shown;
 506
 507         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 508         printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
 509         if (num_shown > 1)
 510                 printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
 511         else if (num_shown == 1)
 512                 printf("disk");
 513         printf("   faults      cpu\n");
 514         printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
 515         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 516                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 517                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 518                         printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 519                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 520                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 521         printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
 522         hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
 523 }
 524
 525 /*
 526  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 527  */
 528 static void
 529 needhdr(__unused int signo)
 530 {
 531
 532         hdrcnt = 1;
 533 }
 534
 535 static long
 536 pct(long top, long bot)
 537 {
 538         long ans;
 539
 540         if (bot == 0)
 541                 return(0);
 542         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 543         return (ans);
 544 }
 545
 546 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 547
 548 static void
 549 dosum(void)
 550 {
 551         struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
 552         size_t vms_size = sizeof(vms);
 553         size_t vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
 554         int cpucnt;
 555         u_long nchtotal;
 556         u_long nchpathtotal;
 557         size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
 558
 559         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
 560                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 561                 exit(1);
 562         }
 563         if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
 564                 perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
 565                 exit(1);
 566         }
 567         printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
 568         printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
 569         printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
 570         printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
 571         printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
 572         printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
 573         printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
 574         printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
 575         printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
 576         printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
 577         printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
 578         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
 579         printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
 580         printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
 581         printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
 582         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
 583         printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
 584         printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
 585         printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
 586         printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
 587         printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
 588         printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
 589         printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
 590         printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
 591         printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
 592         printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
 593         printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
 594         printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
 595         printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
 596         printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
 597         printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
 598         printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
 599         printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
 600         printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
 601         printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
 602         printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
 603         printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
 604         printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
 605         printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
 606         printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
 607         printf("%9u global smp invltlbs\n", vmm.v_smpinvltlb);
 608
 609         if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
 610                 perror("malloc");
 611                 exit(1);
 612         } else {
 613                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
 614                         perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
 615                         free(nch_tmp);
 616                         exit(1);
 617                 } else {
 618                         if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
 619                                 perror("realloc");
 620                                 exit(1);
 621                         }
 622                 }
 623         }
 624
 625         cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
 626         kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
 627
 628         nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
 629             nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 630             nchstats.ncs_miss;
 631         nchpathtotal = nchstats.ncs_longhits + nchstats.ncs_longmiss;
 632         printf("%9ld total path lookups\n", nchpathtotal);
 633         printf("%9ld total component lookups\n", nchtotal);
 634         printf(
 635             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg)\n",
 636             "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 637             PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal));
 638         printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%\n", "",
 639             PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 640             PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal));
 641         free(nch_tmp);
 642 }
 643
 644 #ifdef notyet
 645 void
 646 doforkst(void)
 647 {
 648         struct forkstat fks;
 649
 650         kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
 651         printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 652             fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
 653         printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
 654             fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
 655 }
 656 #endif
 657
 658 static void
 659 devstats(void)
 660 {
 661         int dn;
 662         long double transfers_per_second;
 663         long double busy_seconds;
 664
 665         diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
 666         diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
 667         diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
 668         diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
 669         diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
 670         old_cp_time = cp_time;
 671
 672         busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
 673
 674         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 675                 int di;
 676
 677                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 678                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 679                         continue;
 680
 681                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 682
 683                 if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 684                                   &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 685                                   NULL, NULL, NULL,
 686                                   NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
 687                                   NULL, NULL) != 0)
 688                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 689
 690                 printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
 691         }
 692 }
 693
 694 static void
 695 cpustats(void)
 696 {
 697         uint64_t total;
 698         double totusage;
 699
 700         total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
 701             diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
 702
 703         if (total)
 704                 totusage = 100.0 / total;
 705         else
 706                 totusage = 0;
 707         printf("%2.0f ",
 708                (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
 709         printf("%2.0f ",
 710                (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
 711         printf("%2.0f",
 712                diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
 713 }
 714
 715 static void
 716 dointr(void)
 717 {
 718         u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
 719         u_int64_t inttotal;
 720         size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
 721         int nwidth;
 722         char *intrstr;
 723         char **intrname;
 724
 725         uptime = getuptime();
 726         if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
 727                 errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
 728         intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
 729         if (intrstr == NULL)
 730                 err(1, "malloc");
 731         sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
 732         for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
 733                 if (intrstr[i] == 0)
 734                         nintr++;
 735         }
 736         intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
 737         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 738                 intrname[i] = intrstr;
 739                 intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
 740         }
 741
 742         size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
 743         intrcnt = calloc(nintr, sizeof(*intrcnt));
 744         if (intrcnt == NULL)
 745                 err(1, "malloc");
 746         sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
 747
 748         nwidth = 21;
 749         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 750                 if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
 751                         nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
 752         }
 753         if (verbose) nwidth += 12;
 754
 755         printf("%-*.*s %11s %10s\n",
 756                 nwidth, nwidth, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
 757         inttotal = 0;
 758         for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
 759                 int named;
 760                 char *infop, irqinfo[72];
 761
 762                 if ((named = strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3)) != 0 ||
 763                     intrcnt[i] > 0) {
 764                         infop = intrname[i];
 765                         if (verbose) {
 766                                 ssize_t irq, cpu;
 767
 768                                 irq = i % MAX_INTS;
 769                                 cpu = i / MAX_INTS;
 770                                 if (named) {
 771                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 772                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: %s",
 773                                                  irq, cpu, intrname[i]);
 774                                 } else {
 775                                         snprintf(irqinfo, sizeof(irqinfo),
 776                                                  "irq%-3zd %3zd: ", irq, cpu);
 777                                 }
 778                                 infop = irqinfo;
 779                         }
 780                         printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
 781                                 nwidth, nwidth, infop,
 782                                 intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
 783                 }
 784                 inttotal += intrcnt[i];
 785         }
 786         printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
 787                 nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
 788                 (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
 789 }
 790
 791 #define MAX_KMSTATS     1024
 792
 793 static long
 794 cpuagg(size_t *ary)
 795 {
 796     int i;
 797     long ttl;
 798
 799     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
 800         ttl += ary[i];
 801     return(ttl);
 802 }
 803
 804 static void
 805 domem(void)
 806 {
 807         struct malloc_type *ks;
 808         int i, j;
 809         int first, nkms;
 810         long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
 811         struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
 812         char buf[1024];
 813
 814         kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
 815         for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
 816                 if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
 817                     &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
 818                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
 819                 if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
 820                     (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
 821                         err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
 822                             kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
 823                 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
 824                 kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
 825                 kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
 826         }
 827         if (kmsp != NULL)
 828                 warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
 829
 830         printf(
 831             "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
 832         printf(
 833 "              Type   InUse  MemUse HighUse       Limit  Requests  Limit Limit\n");
 834         for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
 835                 if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
 836                         continue;
 837                 printf("%19s%7ld%7ldK%7ldK%11zuK%10jd%5u%6u",
 838                     ks->ks_shortdesc,
 839                     cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
 840                     (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
 841                     (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, (intmax_t)ks->ks_calls,
 842                     ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
 843                 first = 1;
 844                 for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
 845                         if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
 846                                 continue;
 847                         if (first)
 848                                 printf("  ");
 849                         else
 850                                 printf(",");
 851                         if(j<1024)
 852                                 printf("%d",j);
 853                         else
 854                                 printf("%dK",j>>10);
 855                         first = 0;
 856                 }
 857                 printf("\n");
 858                 totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
 859                 totreq += ks->ks_calls;
 860         }
 861         printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
 862         printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
 863              (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
 864 }
 865
 866 static void
 867 dozmem(void)
 868 {
 869         char *buf;
 870         size_t bufsize;
 871
 872         buf = NULL;
 873         bufsize = 1024;
 874         for (;;) {
 875                 if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
 876                         err(1, "realloc()");
 877                 if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, NULL, 0) == 0)
 878                         break;
 879                 if (errno != ENOMEM)
 880                         err(1, "sysctl()");
 881                 bufsize *= 2;
 882         }
 883         buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
 884         printf("%s\n\n", buf);
 885         free(buf);
 886 }
 887
 888 /*
 889  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
 890  */
 891 static void
 892 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
 893 {
 894         const char *sym;
 895
 896         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
 897                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 898                 if (*sym == '_')
 899                         ++sym;
 900                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
 901         }
 902         if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
 903                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
 904                 if (*sym == '_')
 905                         ++sym;
 906                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
 907         }
 908 }
 909
 910 static void
 911 usage(void)
 912 {
 913         fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
 914                 "usage: vmstat [-imsvz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
 915                 "              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
 916         exit(1);
 917 }