1 .\" Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
2 .\" All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
11 .\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
14 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
15 .\" OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
16 .\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
18 .\" DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
20 .\" GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
21 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
22 .\" IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
23 .\" OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
24 .\" IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26 .\" $FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.8,v 1.7.2.7 2003/02/24 00:56:42 trhodes Exp $
33 .Nd construct a new MS-DOS (FAT) file system
42 .Op Fl S Ar sector-size
44 .Op Fl b Ar block-size
45 .Op Fl c Ar cluster-size
56 .Op Fl u Ar track-size
62 utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on device
68 to determine geometry, if required.
70 The options are as follows:
71 .Bl -tag -width indent
73 Don't create a file system: just print out parameters.
75 Get bootstrap from file.
77 FAT type (one of 12, 16, or 32).
81 Volume label (up to 11 characters). The label should consist of
82 only those characters permitted in regular DOS (8+3) filenames.
84 OEM string (up to 8 characters). The default is
86 .It Fl S Ar sector-size
87 Number of bytes per sector. Acceptable values are powers of 2
88 in the range 128 through 32768.
90 Number of sectors per FAT.
91 .It Fl b Ar block-size
92 File system block size (bytes per cluster). This should resolve to an
93 acceptable number of sectors per cluster (see below).
94 .It Fl c Ar cluster-size
95 Sectors per cluster. Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the range
98 Number of root directory entries (FAT12 and FAT16 only).
100 Specify a standard (floppy disk) format. The standard formats
101 are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720, 1200,
104 Number of drive heads.
106 Location of the file system info sector (FAT32 only).
107 A value of 0xffff signifies no info sector.
109 Location of the backup boot sector (FAT32 only). A value
110 of 0xffff signifies no backup sector.
112 Media descriptor (acceptable range 0xf0 to 0xff).
114 Number of FATs. Acceptable values are 1 to 16 inclusive.
118 Number of hidden sectors.
120 Number of reserved sectors.
123 .It Fl u Ar track-size
124 Number of sectors per track.
127 FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter
128 Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual
129 file system. For reference purposes, this structure is presented
133 u_int16_t bps; /* [-S] bytes per sector */
134 u_int8_t spc; /* [-c] sectors per cluster */
135 u_int16_t res; /* [-r] reserved sectors */
136 u_int8_t nft; /* [-n] number of FATs */
137 u_int16_t rde; /* [-e] root directory entries */
138 u_int16_t sec; /* [-s] total sectors */
139 u_int8_t mid; /* [-m] media descriptor */
140 u_int16_t spf; /* [-a] sectors per FAT */
141 u_int16_t spt; /* [-u] sectors per track */
142 u_int16_t hds; /* [-h] drive heads */
143 u_int32_t hid; /* [-o] hidden sectors */
144 u_int32_t bsec; /* [-s] big total sectors */
146 /* FAT32 extensions */
148 u_int32_t bspf; /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */
149 u_int16_t xflg; /* control flags */
150 u_int16_t vers; /* file system version */
151 u_int32_t rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */
152 u_int16_t infs; /* [-i] file system info sector */
153 u_int16_t bkbs; /* [-k] backup boot sector */
159 .Bd -literal -offset indent
160 newfs_msdos /dev/ad0s1
163 Create a file system, using default parameters, on
165 .Bd -literal -offset indent
166 newfs_msdos -f 1440 -L foo fd0
169 Create a standard 1.44M file system, with volume label
181 utility first appeared in
184 .An Robert Nordier Aq Mt rnordier@FreeBSD.org