1 .\" Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Nick Hibma <n_hibma@FreeBSD.org>
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2008 Hans Petter Selasky. All rights reserved.
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25 .\" $FreeBSD: head/share/man/man4/usb.4 258618 2013-11-26 07:52:40Z lwhsu $
32 .Nd Universal Serial Bus
34 To compile this driver into the kernel,
35 place the following line in your
36 kernel configuration file:
37 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
41 Alternatively, to load the driver as a
42 module at boot time, place the following line in
44 .Bd -literal -offset indent
47 .Sh USERLAND PROGRAMMING
48 USB functions can be accessed from userland through the libusb library.
54 provides machine-independent bus support and drivers for
56 devices in host and device side mode.
60 driver has three layers:
61 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
62 .It USB Controller (Bus)
67 The controller attaches to a physical bus
72 bus attaches to the controller, and the root hub attaches
74 Any devices attached to the bus will attach to the root hub
75 or another hub attached to the
81 device will always be present as it is needed for the
85 provides support for the following devices.
87 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
91 Mass Storage Devices, e.g., external disk drives
93 Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
95 Mass storage driver for device-side mode
97 .Ss Wired network interfaces
98 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
100 ADMtek AN986 Pegasus Ethernet driver
102 ASIX Electronics AX88x7x/760 USB Ethernet driver
104 ASIX Electronics AX88178A/AX88179 USB Gigabit Ethernet driver
106 USB Communication Device Class Ethernet driver
108 CATC USB-EL1210A Ethernet driver
110 USB Apple iPhone/iPad tethered Ethernet driver
112 Kawasaki LSI KL5KUSB101B Ethernet driver
114 Moschip MCS7730/MCS7830/MCS7832 USB Ethernet driver
116 Davicom DM9601 USB Ethernet driver
118 .Ss Wireless network interfaces
119 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
121 Ralink Technology RT2501USB/RT2601USB IEEE 802.11 driver
123 Ralink Technology RT2700U/RT2800U/RT3000U IEEE 802.11 driver
125 .\"Bluetooth adapters
127 RNDIS USB ethernet driver
129 Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8192CU IEEE 802.11 driver
131 .Ss Serial and parallel interfaces
132 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
134 support for 3G datacards
136 Arkmicro Technologies ARK3116 based serial adapters
138 Belkin serial adapters
140 support for BWCT console serial adapters
142 WinChipHead CH341/CH340 serial adapters
146 Cypress CY7C63743 and CY7C64013 USB to RS232 bridges
150 serial devices based on the FTDI chips
152 generic serial device
154 support for iPAQ units
158 serial adapters based on the MCS7820 and MCS7840 chips
160 Magic Control Technology USB-232 based serial adapters
164 serial adapters based on the MCS7703 chip
166 Prolific PL-2303/2303X/2303HX serial adapters
168 Silicon Laboratories CP2101, CP2102 and CP2103 USB to serial bridge
170 support for the Handspring Visor, a Palmpilot compatible PDA
172 SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U serial adapters
175 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
179 .Ss Radio receiver devices
180 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
182 Cypress Semiconductor FM Radio
184 .Ss Human Interface Devices
185 .Bl -tag -width ".Xr umoscom 4" -offset indent -compact
187 eGalax touchscreen driver
189 generic driver for Human Interface Devices
191 keyboards that follow the boot protocol
195 Wellspring touchpad driver for Apple laptops
197 .Sh INTRODUCTION TO USB
200 is a system where external devices can be connected to a PC.
201 The most common USB speeds are:
202 .Bl -tag -width 6n -offset indent
203 .It Low Speed (1.5MBit/sec)
204 .It Full Speed (12MBit/sec)
205 .It High Speed (480MBit/sec)
210 has a USB controller that is the master of the bus.
211 The physical communication is simplex which means the host controller only communicates with one USB device at a time.
213 There can be up to 127 devices connected to an USB HUB tree.
214 The addresses are assigned
215 dynamically by the host when each device is attached to the bus.
217 Within each device there can be up to 16 endpoints.
219 is individually addressed and the addresses are static.
220 Each of these endpoints will communicate in one of four different modes:
221 .Em control , isochronous , bulk ,
224 A device always has at least one endpoint.
225 This endpoint has address 0 and is a control
226 endpoint and is used to give commands to and extract basic data,
227 such as descriptors, from the device.
228 Each endpoint, except the control endpoint, is unidirectional.
230 The endpoints in a device are grouped into interfaces.
231 An interface is a logical unit within a device; e.g.\&
232 a compound device with both a keyboard and a trackball would present
233 one interface for each.
234 An interface can sometimes be set into different modes,
235 called alternate settings, which affects how it operates.
236 Different alternate settings can have different endpoints
239 A device may operate in different configurations.
241 configuration, the device may present different sets of endpoints
244 The bus enumeration of the
246 bus proceeds in several steps:
249 Any interface specific driver can attach to the device.
251 If none is found, generic interface class drivers can attach.
256 specifications can be found at:
258 .D1 Pa http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/
320 module complies with the USB 2.0 standard.
324 module has been inspired by the
326 USB stack initially written by Lennart Augustsson.
329 module was written by
330 .An Hans Petter Selasky Aq Mt hselasky@FreeBSD.org .