2 .\" Copyright (c) 2002 Tim J. Robbins
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26 .\" $FreeBSD: head/lib/libc/gen/wordexp.3 288430 2015-09-30 21:32:29Z jilles $
33 .Nd "perform shell-style word expansions"
39 .Fn wordexp "const char * restrict words" "wordexp_t * restrict we" "int flags"
41 .Fn wordfree "wordexp_t *we"
45 function performs shell-style word expansion on
47 and places the list of words into the
51 and the number of words into
56 argument is the bitwise inclusive OR of any of the following constants:
57 .Bl -tag -width ".Dv WRDE_SHOWERR"
59 Append the words to those generated by a previous call to
64 pointers as are specified by the
68 are added to the front of
71 Disallow command substitution in
79 argument was passed to a previous successful call to
81 but has not been passed to
83 The implementation may reuse the space allocated to it.
85 Do not redirect shell error messages to
88 Report error on an attempt to expand an undefined shell variable.
93 structure is defined in
96 .Bd -literal -offset indent
98 size_t we_wordc; /* count of words matched */
99 char **we_wordv; /* pointer to list of words */
100 size_t we_offs; /* slots to reserve in we_wordv */
106 function frees the memory allocated by
108 .Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
111 function is implemented using the undocumented
113 shell built-in command.
117 function returns zero if successful, otherwise it returns one of the following
119 .Bl -tag -width ".Dv WRDE_NOSPACE"
123 argument contains one of the following unquoted characters:
135 An error after successful parsing,
136 such as an attempt to expand an undefined shell variable with
141 An attempt was made to use command substitution and
146 Not enough memory to store the result or
150 Shell syntax error in
156 function returns no value.
158 .Bl -tag -width ".Ev IFS"
163 Invoke the editor on all
165 files in the current directory
168 (error checking omitted):
169 .Bd -literal -offset indent
172 wordexp("${EDITOR:-vi} *.c /etc/motd", &we, 0);
173 execvp(we.we_wordv[0], we.we_wordv);
176 Diagnostic messages from the shell are written to the standard error output
197 implementation does not recognize multibyte characters other than UTF-8, since
198 the shell (which it invokes to perform expansions) does not.
199 .Sh SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
200 Pathname generation may create output that is exponentially larger than the
203 Although this implementation detects command substitution reliably for
205 the attack surface remains fairly large.
206 Also, some other implementations
207 (such as older versions of this one)
208 may execute command substitutions even if