usr.sbin/sa/main.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
   3  * All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou.
  16  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
  17  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
  18  *
  19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  21  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  22  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  23  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  24  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  25  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  26  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  27  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  28  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  29  *
  30  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou All rights reserved.
  31  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/sa/main.c,v 1.8.2.2 2001/07/19 05:20:49 kris Exp $
  32  */
  33
  34 /*
  35  * sa:  system accounting
  36  */
  37
  38 #include <sys/types.h>
  39 #include <sys/acct.h>
  40 #include <ctype.h>
  41 #include <err.h>
  42 #include <fcntl.h>
  43 #include <signal.h>
  44 #include <stdio.h>
  45 #include <stdlib.h>
  46 #include <string.h>
  47 #include <unistd.h>
  48 #include "extern.h"
  49 #include "pathnames.h"
  50
  51 static int      acct_load(char *, int);
  52 static u_quad_t decode_comp_t(comp_t);
  53 static int      cmp_comm(const char *, const char *);
  54 static int      cmp_usrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  55 static int      cmp_avgusrsys(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  56 static int      cmp_dkio(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  57 static int      cmp_avgdkio(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  58 static int      cmp_cpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  59 static int      cmp_avgcpumem(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  60 static int      cmp_calls(const DBT *, const DBT *);
  61 static void     usage   (void);
  62
  63 int aflag, bflag, cflag, dflag, Dflag, fflag, iflag, jflag, kflag;
  64 int Kflag, lflag, mflag, qflag, rflag, sflag, tflag, uflag, vflag;
  65 u_quad_t cutoff = 1;
  66
  67 static char     *dfltargv[] = { NULL };
  68 static int      dfltargc = (sizeof dfltargv/sizeof(char *));
  69
  70 /* default to comparing by sum of user + system time */
  71 cmpf_t   sa_cmp = cmp_usrsys;
  72
  73 int
  74 main(int argc, char **argv)
  75 {
  76         char ch;
  77         char pathacct[] = _PATH_ACCT;
  78         int error = 0;
  79
  80         dfltargv[0] = pathacct;
  81
  82         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "abcdDfijkKlmnqrstuv:")) != -1)
  83                 switch (ch) {
  84                         case 'a':
  85                                 /* print all commands */
  86                                 aflag = 1;
  87                                 break;
  88                         case 'b':
  89                                 /* sort by per-call user/system time average */
  90                                 bflag = 1;
  91                                 sa_cmp = cmp_avgusrsys;
  92                                 break;
  93                         case 'c':
  94                                 /* print percentage total time */
  95                                 cflag = 1;
  96                                 break;
  97                         case 'd':
  98                                 /* sort by averge number of disk I/O ops */
  99                                 dflag = 1;
 100                                 sa_cmp = cmp_avgdkio;
 101                                 break;
 102                         case 'D':
 103                                 /* print and sort by total disk I/O ops */
 104                                 Dflag = 1;
 105                                 sa_cmp = cmp_dkio;
 106                                 break;
 107                         case 'f':
 108                                 /* force no interactive threshold comprison */
 109                                 fflag = 1;
 110                                 break;
 111                         case 'i':
 112                                 /* do not read in summary file */
 113                                 iflag = 1;
 114                                 break;
 115                         case 'j':
 116                                 /* instead of total minutes, give sec/call */
 117                                 jflag = 1;
 118                                 break;
 119                         case 'k':
 120                                 /* sort by cpu-time average memory usage */
 121                                 kflag = 1;
 122                                 sa_cmp = cmp_avgcpumem;
 123                                 break;
 124                         case 'K':
 125                                 /* print and sort by cpu-storage integral */
 126                                 sa_cmp = cmp_cpumem;
 127                                 Kflag = 1;
 128                                 break;
 129                         case 'l':
 130                                 /* separate system and user time */
 131                                 lflag = 1;
 132                                 break;
 133                         case 'm':
 134                                 /* print procs and time per-user */
 135                                 mflag = 1;
 136                                 break;
 137                         case 'n':
 138                                 /* sort by number of calls */
 139                                 sa_cmp = cmp_calls;
 140                                 break;
 141                         case 'q':
 142                                 /* quiet; error messages only */
 143                                 qflag = 1;
 144                                 break;
 145                         case 'r':
 146                                 /* reverse order of sort */
 147                                 rflag = 1;
 148                                 break;
 149                         case 's':
 150                                 /* merge accounting file into summaries */
 151                                 sflag = 1;
 152                                 break;
 153                         case 't':
 154                                 /* report ratio of user and system times */
 155                                 tflag = 1;
 156                                 break;
 157                         case 'u':
 158                                 /* first, print uid and command name */
 159                                 uflag = 1;
 160                                 break;
 161                         case 'v':
 162                                 /* cull junk */
 163                                 vflag = 1;
 164                                 cutoff = atoi(optarg);
 165                                 break;
 166                         case '?':
 167                         default:
 168                                 usage();
 169                 }
 170
 171         argc -= optind;
 172         argv += optind;
 173
 174         /* various argument checking */
 175         if (fflag && !vflag)
 176                 errx(1, "only one of -f requires -v");
 177         if (fflag && aflag)
 178                 errx(1, "only one of -a and -v may be specified");
 179         /* XXX need more argument checking */
 180
 181         if (!uflag) {
 182                 /* initialize tables */
 183                 if ((sflag || (!mflag && !qflag)) && pacct_init() != 0)
 184                         errx(1, "process accounting initialization failed");
 185                 if ((sflag || (mflag && !qflag)) && usracct_init() != 0)
 186                         errx(1, "user accounting initialization failed");
 187         }
 188
 189         if (argc == 0) {
 190                 argc = dfltargc;
 191                 argv = dfltargv;
 192         }
 193
 194         /* for each file specified */
 195         for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) {
 196                 int     fd;
 197
 198                 /*
 199                  * load the accounting data from the file.
 200                  * if it fails, go on to the next file.
 201                  */
 202                 fd = acct_load(argv[0], sflag);
 203                 if (fd < 0)
 204                         continue;
 205
 206                 if (!uflag && sflag) {
 207 #ifndef DEBUG
 208                         sigset_t nmask, omask;
 209                         int unmask = 1;
 210
 211                         /*
 212                          * block most signals so we aren't interrupted during
 213                          * the update.
 214                          */
 215                         if (sigfillset(&nmask) == -1) {
 216                                 warn("sigfillset");
 217                                 unmask = 0;
 218                                 error = 1;
 219                         }
 220                         if (unmask &&
 221                             (sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nmask, &omask) == -1)) {
 222                                 warn("couldn't set signal mask");
 223                                 unmask = 0;
 224                                 error = 1;
 225                         }
 226 #endif /* DEBUG */
 227
 228                         /*
 229                          * truncate the accounting data file ASAP, to avoid
 230                          * losing data.  don't worry about errors in updating
 231                          * the saved stats; better to underbill than overbill,
 232                          * but we want every accounting record intact.
 233                          */
 234                         if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) {
 235                                 warn("couldn't truncate %s", argv[0]);
 236                                 error = 1;
 237                         }
 238
 239                         /*
 240                          * update saved user and process accounting data.
 241                          * note errors for later.
 242                          */
 243                         if (pacct_update() != 0 || usracct_update() != 0)
 244                                 error = 1;
 245
 246 #ifndef DEBUG
 247                         /*
 248                          * restore signals
 249                          */
 250                         if (unmask &&
 251                             (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &omask, NULL) == -1)) {
 252                                 warn("couldn't restore signal mask");
 253                                 error = 1;
 254                         }
 255 #endif /* DEBUG */
 256                 }
 257
 258                 /*
 259                  * close the opened accounting file
 260                  */
 261                 if (close(fd) == -1) {
 262                         warn("close %s", argv[0]);
 263                         error = 1;
 264                 }
 265         }
 266
 267         if (!uflag && !qflag) {
 268                 /* print any results we may have obtained. */
 269                 if (!mflag)
 270                         pacct_print();
 271                 else
 272                         usracct_print();
 273         }
 274
 275         if (!uflag) {
 276                 /* finally, deallocate databases */
 277                 if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag))
 278                         pacct_destroy();
 279                 if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag))
 280                         usracct_destroy();
 281         }
 282
 283         exit(error);
 284 }
 285
 286 static void
 287 usage(void)
 288 {
 289         fprintf(stderr,
 290                 "usage: sa [-abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu] [-v cutoff] [file ...]\n");
 291         exit(1);
 292 }
 293
 294 static int
 295 acct_load(char *pn, int wr)
 296 {
 297         struct acct ac;
 298         struct cmdinfo ci;
 299         ssize_t rv;
 300         int fd, i;
 301
 302         /*
 303          * open the file
 304          */
 305         fd = open(pn, wr ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY, 0);
 306         if (fd == -1) {
 307                 warn("open %s %s", pn, wr ? "for read/write" : "read-only");
 308                 return (-1);
 309         }
 310
 311         /*
 312          * read all we can; don't stat and open because more processes
 313          * could exit, and we'd miss them
 314          */
 315         while (1) {
 316                 /* get one accounting entry and punt if there's an error */
 317                 rv = read(fd, &ac, sizeof(struct acct));
 318                 if (rv == -1)
 319                         warn("error reading %s", pn);
 320                 else if (rv > 0 && rv < (int)sizeof(struct acct))
 321                         warnx("short read of accounting data in %s", pn);
 322                 if (rv != sizeof(struct acct))
 323                         break;
 324
 325                 /* decode it */
 326                 ci.ci_calls = 1;
 327                 for (i = 0; i < (int)sizeof ac.ac_comm && ac.ac_comm[i] != '\0';
 328                     i++) {
 329                         char c = ac.ac_comm[i];
 330
 331                         if (!isascii(c) || iscntrl(c)) {
 332                                 ci.ci_comm[i] = '?';
 333                                 ci.ci_flags |= CI_UNPRINTABLE;
 334                         } else
 335                                 ci.ci_comm[i] = c;
 336                 }
 337                 if (ac.ac_flag & AFORK)
 338                         ci.ci_comm[i++] = '*';
 339                 ci.ci_comm[i++] = '\0';
 340                 ci.ci_etime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_etime);
 341                 ci.ci_utime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_utime);
 342                 ci.ci_stime = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_stime);
 343                 ci.ci_uid = ac.ac_uid;
 344                 ci.ci_mem = ac.ac_mem;
 345                 ci.ci_io = decode_comp_t(ac.ac_io) / AHZ;
 346
 347                 if (!uflag) {
 348                         /* and enter it into the usracct and pacct databases */
 349                         if (sflag || (!mflag && !qflag))
 350                                 pacct_add(&ci);
 351                         if (sflag || (mflag && !qflag))
 352                                 usracct_add(&ci);
 353                 } else if (!qflag)
 354                         printf("%6lu %12.2f cpu %12juk mem %12ju io %s\n",
 355                             ci.ci_uid,
 356                             (ci.ci_utime + ci.ci_stime) / (double) AHZ,
 357                             (uintmax_t)ci.ci_mem, (uintmax_t)ci.ci_io,
 358                             ci.ci_comm);
 359         }
 360
 361         /* finally, return the file descriptor for possible truncation */
 362         return (fd);
 363 }
 364
 365 static u_quad_t
 366 decode_comp_t(comp_t comp)
 367 {
 368         u_quad_t rv;
 369
 370         /*
 371          * for more info on the comp_t format, see:
 372          *      /usr/src/sys/kern/kern_acct.c
 373          *      /usr/src/sys/sys/acct.h
 374          *      /usr/src/usr.bin/lastcomm/lastcomm.c
 375          */
 376         rv = comp & 0x1fff;     /* 13 bit fraction */
 377         comp >>= 13;            /* 3 bit base-8 exponent */
 378         while (comp--)
 379                 rv <<= 3;
 380
 381         return (rv);
 382 }
 383
 384 /* sort commands, doing the right thing in terms of reversals */
 385 static int
 386 cmp_comm(const char *s1, const char *s2)
 387 {
 388         int rv;
 389
 390         rv = strcmp(s1, s2);
 391         if (rv == 0)
 392                 rv = -1;
 393         return (rflag ? rv : -rv);
 394 }
 395
 396 /* sort by total user and system time */
 397 static int
 398 cmp_usrsys(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 399 {
 400         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 401         u_quad_t t1, t2;
 402
 403         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 404         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 405
 406         t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime;
 407         t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime;
 408
 409         if (t1 < t2)
 410                 return -1;
 411         else if (t1 == t2)
 412                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 413         else
 414                 return 1;
 415 }
 416
 417 /* sort by average user and system time */
 418 static int
 419 cmp_avgusrsys(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 420 {
 421         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 422         double t1, t2;
 423
 424         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 425         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 426
 427         t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime;
 428         t1 /= (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1);
 429
 430         t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime;
 431         t2 /= (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1);
 432
 433         if (t1 < t2)
 434                 return -1;
 435         else if (t1 == t2)
 436                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 437         else
 438                 return 1;
 439 }
 440
 441 /* sort by total number of disk I/O operations */
 442 static int
 443 cmp_dkio(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 444 {
 445         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 446
 447         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 448         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 449
 450         if (c1.ci_io < c2.ci_io)
 451                 return -1;
 452         else if (c1.ci_io == c2.ci_io)
 453                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 454         else
 455                 return 1;
 456 }
 457
 458 /* sort by average number of disk I/O operations */
 459 static int
 460 cmp_avgdkio(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 461 {
 462         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 463         double n1, n2;
 464
 465         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 466         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 467
 468         n1 = (double) c1.ci_io / (double) (c1.ci_calls ? c1.ci_calls : 1);
 469         n2 = (double) c2.ci_io / (double) (c2.ci_calls ? c2.ci_calls : 1);
 470
 471         if (n1 < n2)
 472                 return -1;
 473         else if (n1 == n2)
 474                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 475         else
 476                 return 1;
 477 }
 478
 479 /* sort by the cpu-storage integral */
 480 static int
 481 cmp_cpumem(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 482 {
 483         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 484
 485         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 486         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 487
 488         if (c1.ci_mem < c2.ci_mem)
 489                 return -1;
 490         else if (c1.ci_mem == c2.ci_mem)
 491                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 492         else
 493                 return 1;
 494 }
 495
 496 /* sort by the cpu-time average memory usage */
 497 static int
 498 cmp_avgcpumem(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 499 {
 500         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 501         u_quad_t t1, t2;
 502         double n1, n2;
 503
 504         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 505         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 506
 507         t1 = c1.ci_utime + c1.ci_stime;
 508         t2 = c2.ci_utime + c2.ci_stime;
 509
 510         n1 = (double) c1.ci_mem / (double) (t1 ? t1 : 1);
 511         n2 = (double) c2.ci_mem / (double) (t2 ? t2 : 1);
 512
 513         if (n1 < n2)
 514                 return -1;
 515         else if (n1 == n2)
 516                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 517         else
 518                 return 1;
 519 }
 520
 521 /* sort by the number of invocations */
 522 static int
 523 cmp_calls(const DBT *d1, const DBT *d2)
 524 {
 525         struct cmdinfo c1, c2;
 526
 527         memcpy(&c1, d1->data, sizeof(c1));
 528         memcpy(&c2, d2->data, sizeof(c2));
 529
 530         if (c1.ci_calls < c2.ci_calls)
 531                 return -1;
 532         else if (c1.ci_calls == c2.ci_calls)
 533                 return (cmp_comm(c1.ci_comm, c2.ci_comm));
 534         else
 535                 return 1;
 536 }