4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20 * without specific prior written permission.
22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 * from: @(#)vm_pager.c 8.6 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
37 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
38 * All rights reserved.
40 * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
42 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
43 * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
44 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
45 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
46 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
48 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
49 * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
50 * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
52 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
54 * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
55 * School of Computer Science
56 * Carnegie Mellon University
57 * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
59 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
60 * rights to redistribute these changes.
62 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/vm/vm_pager.c,v 1.54.2.2 2001/11/18 07:11:00 dillon Exp $
66 * Paging space routine stubs. Emulates a matchmaker-like interface
70 #include <sys/param.h>
71 #include <sys/systm.h>
72 #include <sys/kernel.h>
73 #include <sys/vnode.h>
75 #include <sys/ucred.h>
76 #include <sys/dsched.h>
78 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
79 #include <sys/thread2.h>
82 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
83 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
84 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
85 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
86 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
87 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
90 #include <vm/vm_page2.h>
92 extern struct pagerops defaultpagerops
;
93 extern struct pagerops swappagerops
;
94 extern struct pagerops vnodepagerops
;
95 extern struct pagerops devicepagerops
;
96 extern struct pagerops physpagerops
;
98 int cluster_pbuf_freecnt
= -1; /* unlimited to begin with */
100 static int dead_pager_getpage (vm_object_t
, vm_page_t
*, int);
101 static void dead_pager_putpages (vm_object_t
, vm_page_t
*, int, int, int *);
102 static boolean_t
dead_pager_haspage (vm_object_t
, vm_pindex_t
);
103 static void dead_pager_dealloc (vm_object_t
);
109 dead_pager_getpage(vm_object_t obj
, vm_page_t
*mpp
, int seqaccess
)
111 return VM_PAGER_FAIL
;
118 dead_pager_putpages(vm_object_t object
, vm_page_t
*m
, int count
, int flags
,
123 for (i
= 0; i
< count
; i
++) {
124 rtvals
[i
] = VM_PAGER_AGAIN
;
132 dead_pager_haspage(vm_object_t object
, vm_pindex_t pindex
)
141 dead_pager_dealloc(vm_object_t object
)
143 KKASSERT(object
->swblock_count
== 0);
147 static struct pagerops deadpagerops
= {
154 struct pagerops
*pagertab
[] = {
155 &defaultpagerops
, /* OBJT_DEFAULT */
156 &swappagerops
, /* OBJT_SWAP */
157 &vnodepagerops
, /* OBJT_VNODE */
158 &devicepagerops
, /* OBJT_DEVICE */
159 &devicepagerops
, /* OBJT_MGTDEVICE */
160 &physpagerops
, /* OBJT_PHYS */
161 &deadpagerops
/* OBJT_DEAD */
164 int npagers
= NELEM(pagertab
);
167 * Kernel address space for mapping pages.
168 * Used by pagers where KVAs are needed for IO.
170 * XXX needs to be large enough to support the number of pending async
171 * cleaning requests (NPENDINGIO == 64) * the maximum swap cluster size
172 * (MAXPHYS == 64k) if you want to get the most efficiency.
174 #define PAGER_MAP_SIZE (8 * 1024 * 1024)
177 #define BSWHMASK (BSWHSIZE - 1)
179 TAILQ_HEAD(swqueue
, buf
);
181 int pager_map_size
= PAGER_MAP_SIZE
;
182 struct vm_map pager_map
;
184 static vm_offset_t swapbkva_mem
; /* swap buffers kva */
185 static vm_offset_t swapbkva_kva
; /* swap buffers kva */
186 static struct swqueue bswlist_mem
[BSWHSIZE
]; /* with preallocated memory */
187 static struct swqueue bswlist_kva
[BSWHSIZE
]; /* with kva */
188 static struct swqueue bswlist_raw
[BSWHSIZE
]; /* without kva */
189 static struct spinlock bswspin_mem
[BSWHSIZE
];
190 static struct spinlock bswspin_kva
[BSWHSIZE
];
191 static struct spinlock bswspin_raw
[BSWHSIZE
];
192 static int pbuf_raw_count
;
193 static int pbuf_kva_count
;
194 static int pbuf_mem_count
;
196 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs
, OID_AUTO
, pbuf_raw_count
, CTLFLAG_RD
, &pbuf_raw_count
, 0,
197 "Kernel pbuf raw reservations");
198 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs
, OID_AUTO
, pbuf_kva_count
, CTLFLAG_RD
, &pbuf_kva_count
, 0,
199 "Kernel pbuf kva reservations");
200 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs
, OID_AUTO
, pbuf_mem_count
, CTLFLAG_RD
, &pbuf_mem_count
, 0,
201 "Kernel pbuf mem reservations");
204 * Initialize the swap buffer list.
206 * Called from the low level boot code only.
209 vm_pager_init(void *arg __unused
)
213 for (i
= 0; i
< BSWHSIZE
; ++i
) {
214 TAILQ_INIT(&bswlist_mem
[i
]);
215 TAILQ_INIT(&bswlist_kva
[i
]);
216 TAILQ_INIT(&bswlist_raw
[i
]);
217 spin_init(&bswspin_mem
[i
], "bswmem");
218 spin_init(&bswspin_kva
[i
], "bswkva");
219 spin_init(&bswspin_raw
[i
], "bswraw");
222 SYSINIT(vm_mem
, SI_BOOT1_VM
, SI_ORDER_SECOND
, vm_pager_init
, NULL
);
225 * Called from the low level boot code only.
229 vm_pager_bufferinit(void *dummy __unused
)
235 * Reserve KVM space for pbuf data.
237 swapbkva_mem
= kmem_alloc_pageable(&pager_map
, nswbuf_mem
* MAXPHYS
);
239 panic("Not enough pager_map VM space for physical buffers");
240 swapbkva_kva
= kmem_alloc_pageable(&pager_map
, nswbuf_kva
* MAXPHYS
);
242 panic("Not enough pager_map VM space for physical buffers");
245 * Initial pbuf setup.
247 * mem - These pbufs have permanently allocated memory
248 * kva - These pbufs have unallocated kva reservations
249 * raw - These pbufs have no kva reservations
253 * Buffers with pre-allocated kernel memory can be convenient for
254 * copyin/copyout because no SMP page invalidation or other pmap
255 * operations are needed.
259 for (i
= 0; i
< nswbuf_mem
; ++i
, ++bp
) {
264 bp
->b_kvabase
= (caddr_t
)((intptr_t)i
* MAXPHYS
) + swapbkva_mem
;
265 bp
->b_kvasize
= MAXPHYS
;
266 bp
->b_swindex
= i
& BSWHMASK
;
269 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_mem
[i
& BSWHMASK
], bp
, b_freelist
);
270 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_mem_count
, 1);
271 bp
->b_data
= bp
->b_kvabase
;
272 bp
->b_bcount
= MAXPHYS
;
273 bp
->b_xio
.xio_pages
= bp
->b_xio
.xio_internal_pages
;
275 pg
= (vm_offset_t
)bp
->b_kvabase
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
276 vm_object_hold(&kernel_object
);
277 for (j
= 0; j
< MAXPHYS
/ PAGE_SIZE
; ++j
) {
278 m
= vm_page_alloc(&kernel_object
, pg
, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL
|
281 bp
->b_xio
.xio_internal_pages
[j
] = m
;
283 vm_page_flag_clear(m
, PG_ZERO
);
284 /* early boot, no other cpus running yet */
285 pmap_kenter_noinval(pg
* PAGE_SIZE
, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m
));
286 cpu_invlpg((void *)(pg
* PAGE_SIZE
));
290 vm_object_drop(&kernel_object
);
291 bp
->b_xio
.xio_npages
= j
;
296 * Buffers with pre-assigned KVA bases. The KVA has no memory pages
297 * assigned to it. Saves the caller from having to reserve KVA for
301 for (i
= 0; i
< nswbuf_kva
; ++i
, ++bp
) {
302 bp
->b_kvabase
= (caddr_t
)((intptr_t)i
* MAXPHYS
) + swapbkva_kva
;
303 bp
->b_kvasize
= MAXPHYS
;
304 bp
->b_swindex
= i
& BSWHMASK
;
307 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_kva
[i
& BSWHMASK
], bp
, b_freelist
);
308 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_kva_count
, 1);
312 * RAW buffers with no KVA mappings.
314 * NOTE: We use KM_NOTLBSYNC here to reduce unnecessary IPIs
315 * during startup, which can really slow down emulated
318 nswbuf_raw
= nbuf
* 2;
319 swbuf_raw
= (void *)kmem_alloc3(&kernel_map
,
320 round_page(nswbuf_raw
* sizeof(struct buf
)),
324 for (i
= 0; i
< nswbuf_raw
; ++i
, ++bp
) {
325 bp
->b_swindex
= i
& BSWHMASK
;
328 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_raw
[i
& BSWHMASK
], bp
, b_freelist
);
329 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_raw_count
, 1);
333 * Allow the clustering code to use half of our pbufs.
335 cluster_pbuf_freecnt
= nswbuf_kva
/ 2;
338 SYSINIT(do_vmpg
, SI_BOOT2_MACHDEP
, SI_ORDER_FIRST
, vm_pager_bufferinit
, NULL
);
344 vm_pager_deallocate(vm_object_t object
)
346 (*pagertab
[object
->type
]->pgo_dealloc
) (object
);
350 * vm_pager_get_pages() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
351 * vm_pager_put_pages() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
352 * vm_pager_has_page() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
353 * vm_pager_page_inserted() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
354 * vm_pager_page_removed() - inline, see vm/vm_pager.h
358 * Search the specified pager object list for an object with the
359 * specified handle. If an object with the specified handle is found,
360 * increase its reference count and return it. Otherwise, return NULL.
362 * The pager object list must be locked.
365 vm_pager_object_lookup(struct pagerlst
*pg_list
, void *handle
)
369 TAILQ_FOREACH(object
, pg_list
, pager_object_list
) {
370 if (object
->handle
== handle
) {
371 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object
);
372 if ((object
->flags
& OBJ_DEAD
) == 0) {
373 vm_object_reference_locked(object
);
374 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object
);
377 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object
);
384 * Initialize a physical buffer.
389 initpbuf(struct buf
*bp
)
391 bp
->b_qindex
= 0; /* BQUEUE_NONE */
392 bp
->b_data
= bp
->b_kvabase
; /* NULL if pbuf sans kva */
393 bp
->b_flags
= B_PAGING
;
394 bp
->b_cmd
= BUF_CMD_DONE
;
397 bp
->b_bufsize
= MAXPHYS
;
399 xio_init(&bp
->b_xio
);
400 BUF_LOCK(bp
, LK_EXCLUSIVE
);
404 * Allocate a physical buffer
406 * There are a limited number of physical buffers. We need to make
407 * sure that no single subsystem is able to hog all of them,
408 * so each subsystem implements a counter which is typically initialized
409 * to 1/2 nswbuf. getpbuf() decrements this counter in allocation and
410 * increments it on release, and blocks if the counter hits zero. A
411 * subsystem may initialize the counter to -1 to disable the feature,
412 * but it must still be sure to match up all uses of getpbuf() with
413 * relpbuf() using the same variable.
415 * NOTE: pfreecnt can be NULL, but this 'feature' will be removed
416 * relatively soon when the rest of the subsystems get smart about it. XXX
418 * Physical buffers can be with or without KVA space reserved. There
419 * are severe limitations on the ones with KVA reserved, and fewer
420 * limitations on the ones without. getpbuf() gets one without,
421 * getpbuf_kva() gets one with.
426 getpbuf(int *pfreecnt
) /* raw */
433 while (pfreecnt
&& *pfreecnt
<= 0) {
434 tsleep_interlock(pfreecnt
, 0);
435 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 0) <= 0)
436 tsleep(pfreecnt
, PINTERLOCKED
, "wswbuf0", 0);
438 if (pbuf_raw_count
<= 0) {
439 tsleep_interlock(&pbuf_raw_count
, 0);
440 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_raw_count
, 0) <= 0)
441 tsleep(&pbuf_raw_count
, PINTERLOCKED
,
445 iter
= mycpuid
& BSWHMASK
;
446 for (loops
= BSWHSIZE
; loops
; --loops
) {
447 if (TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_raw
[iter
]) == NULL
) {
448 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
451 spin_lock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
452 if ((bp
= TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_raw
[iter
])) == NULL
) {
453 spin_unlock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
454 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
457 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist_raw
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
458 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_raw_count
, -1);
460 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, -1);
461 spin_unlock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
471 getpbuf_kva(int *pfreecnt
)
478 while (pfreecnt
&& *pfreecnt
<= 0) {
479 tsleep_interlock(pfreecnt
, 0);
480 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 0) <= 0)
481 tsleep(pfreecnt
, PINTERLOCKED
, "wswbuf0", 0);
483 if (pbuf_kva_count
<= 0) {
484 tsleep_interlock(&pbuf_kva_count
, 0);
485 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_kva_count
, 0) <= 0)
486 tsleep(&pbuf_kva_count
, PINTERLOCKED
,
490 iter
= mycpuid
& BSWHMASK
;
491 for (loops
= BSWHSIZE
; loops
; --loops
) {
492 if (TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_kva
[iter
]) == NULL
) {
493 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
496 spin_lock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
497 if ((bp
= TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_kva
[iter
])) == NULL
) {
498 spin_unlock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
499 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
502 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist_kva
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
503 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_kva_count
, -1);
505 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, -1);
506 spin_unlock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
516 * Allocate a pbuf with kernel memory already preallocated. Caller must
517 * not change the mapping.
520 getpbuf_mem(int *pfreecnt
)
527 while (pfreecnt
&& *pfreecnt
<= 0) {
528 tsleep_interlock(pfreecnt
, 0);
529 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 0) <= 0)
530 tsleep(pfreecnt
, PINTERLOCKED
, "wswbuf0", 0);
532 if (pbuf_mem_count
<= 0) {
533 tsleep_interlock(&pbuf_mem_count
, 0);
534 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_mem_count
, 0) <= 0)
535 tsleep(&pbuf_mem_count
, PINTERLOCKED
,
539 iter
= mycpuid
& BSWHMASK
;
540 for (loops
= BSWHSIZE
; loops
; --loops
) {
541 if (TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_mem
[iter
]) == NULL
) {
542 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
545 spin_lock(&bswspin_mem
[iter
]);
546 if ((bp
= TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_mem
[iter
])) == NULL
) {
547 spin_unlock(&bswspin_mem
[iter
]);
548 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
551 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist_mem
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
552 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_mem_count
, -1);
554 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, -1);
555 spin_unlock(&bswspin_mem
[iter
]);
565 * Allocate a physical buffer, if one is available.
567 * Note that there is no NULL hack here - all subsystems using this
568 * call understand how to use pfreecnt.
573 trypbuf(int *pfreecnt
) /* raw */
576 int iter
= mycpuid
& BSWHMASK
;
579 for (loops
= BSWHSIZE
; loops
; --loops
) {
580 if (*pfreecnt
<= 0 || TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_raw
[iter
]) == NULL
) {
581 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
584 spin_lock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
585 if (*pfreecnt
<= 0 ||
586 (bp
= TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_raw
[iter
])) == NULL
) {
587 spin_unlock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
588 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
591 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist_raw
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
592 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_raw_count
, -1);
593 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, -1);
595 spin_unlock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
605 trypbuf_kva(int *pfreecnt
)
608 int iter
= mycpuid
& BSWHMASK
;
611 for (loops
= BSWHSIZE
; loops
; --loops
) {
612 if (*pfreecnt
<= 0 || TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_kva
[iter
]) == NULL
) {
613 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
616 spin_lock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
617 if (*pfreecnt
<= 0 ||
618 (bp
= TAILQ_FIRST(&bswlist_kva
[iter
])) == NULL
) {
619 spin_unlock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
620 iter
= (iter
+ 1) & BSWHMASK
;
623 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bswlist_kva
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
624 atomic_add_int(&pbuf_kva_count
, -1);
625 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, -1);
627 spin_unlock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
637 * Release a physical buffer
639 * NOTE: pfreecnt can be NULL, but this 'feature' will be removed
640 * relatively soon when the rest of the subsystems get smart about it. XXX
645 relpbuf(struct buf
*bp
, int *pfreecnt
)
649 int iter
= bp
->b_swindex
;
651 KKASSERT(bp
->b_flags
& B_PAGING
);
656 if (bp
>= swbuf_mem
&& bp
< &swbuf_mem
[nswbuf_mem
]) {
657 KKASSERT(bp
->b_kvabase
);
658 spin_lock(&bswspin_mem
[iter
]);
659 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_mem
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
660 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_mem_count
, 1) == nswbuf_mem
/ 4)
663 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 1) == 1)
666 spin_unlock(&bswspin_mem
[iter
]);
668 wakeup(&pbuf_mem_count
);
669 } else if (swbuf_kva
&& bp
< &swbuf_kva
[nswbuf_kva
]) {
670 KKASSERT(bp
->b_kvabase
);
671 spin_lock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
672 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_kva
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
673 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_kva_count
, 1) == nswbuf_kva
/ 4)
676 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 1) == 1)
679 spin_unlock(&bswspin_kva
[iter
]);
681 wakeup(&pbuf_kva_count
);
683 KKASSERT(bp
->b_kvabase
== NULL
);
684 KKASSERT(bp
>= swbuf_raw
&& bp
< &swbuf_raw
[nswbuf_raw
]);
685 spin_lock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
686 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bswlist_raw
[iter
], bp
, b_freelist
);
687 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&pbuf_raw_count
, 1) == nswbuf_raw
/ 4)
690 if (atomic_fetchadd_int(pfreecnt
, 1) == 1)
693 spin_unlock(&bswspin_raw
[iter
]);
695 wakeup(&pbuf_raw_count
);
702 pbuf_adjcount(int *pfreecnt
, int n
)
705 atomic_add_int(pfreecnt
, n
);