bin/ps/ps.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)ps.c     8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/07/04 08:30:37 sobomax Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.24 2007/12/27 13:31:42 matthias Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40 #include <sys/user.h>
  41 #include <sys/time.h>
  42 #include <sys/queue.h>
  43 #include <sys/resource.h>
  44 #include <sys/stat.h>
  45 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  47
  48 #include <ctype.h>
  49 #include <err.h>
  50 #include <errno.h>
  51 #include <fcntl.h>
  52 #include <kvm.h>
  53 #include <limits.h>
  54 #include <locale.h>
  55 #include <nlist.h>
  56 #include <paths.h>
  57 #include <stdio.h>
  58 #include <stdlib.h>
  59 #include <string.h>
  60 #include <unistd.h>
  61 #include <pwd.h>
  62 #include <utmp.h>
  63
  64 #include "ps.h"
  65
  66 #define SEP ", \t"              /* username separators */
  67
  68 KINFO *kinfo;
  69 struct varent *vhead, *vtail;
  70
  71 int     eval;                   /* exit value */
  72 int     cflag;                  /* -c */
  73 int     rawcpu;                 /* -C */
  74 int     sumrusage;              /* -S */
  75 int     termwidth;              /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
  76 int     totwidth;               /* calculated width of requested variables */
  77 int     numcpus;                /* hw.ncpu */
  78
  79 static int needuser, needcomm, needenv;
  80 #if defined(LAZY_PS)
  81 static int forceuread=0;
  82 #define PS_ARGS "aCcefgHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwx"
  83 #else
  84 static int forceuread=1;
  85 #define PS_ARGS "aCcegHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwx"
  86 #endif
  87
  88 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
  89
  90 static const char *getfmt (char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
  91                     KINFO *, char *, int);
  92 static char     *kludge_oldps_options (char *);
  93 static int       pscomp (const void *, const void *);
  94 static void      saveuser (KINFO *);
  95 static void      scanvars (void);
  96 static void      dynsizevars (KINFO *);
  97 static void      sizevars (void);
  98 static void      usage (void);
  99 static uid_t    *getuids(const char *, int *);
 100
 101 struct timeval btime;
 102
 103 static char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
 104 static char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command";
 105 static char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
 106 static char   o1[] = "pid";
 107 static char   o2[] = "tt state time command";
 108 static char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
 109 static char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
 110
 111 kvm_t *kd;
 112
 113 int
 114 main(int argc, char **argv)
 115 {
 116         struct kinfo_proc *kp;
 117         struct varent *vent;
 118         struct winsize ws;
 119         dev_t ttydev;
 120         pid_t pid;
 121         uid_t *uids;
 122         int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, ofmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid;
 123         int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids, showtid;
 124         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 125         const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf;
 126         size_t btime_size = sizeof(struct timeval);
 127         size_t numcpus_size = sizeof(numcpus);
 128
 129         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
 130
 131         if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
 132              ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
 133              ioctl(STDIN_FILENO,  TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
 134              ws.ws_col == 0)
 135                 termwidth = 79;
 136         else
 137                 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
 138
 139         /*
 140          * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an
 141          * argument
 142          */
 143         if (argc > 1) {
 144                 nocludge = 0;
 145                 if (argv[1][0] == '-') {
 146                         for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
 147                                 if (*cp != ':')
 148                                         continue;
 149                                 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) {
 150                                         nocludge = 1;
 151                                         break;
 152                                 }
 153                         }
 154                 }
 155                 if (nocludge == 0)
 156                         argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
 157         }
 158
 159         all = fmt = ofmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = showtid = 0;
 160         pid = -1;
 161         nuids = 0;
 162         uids = NULL;
 163         ttydev = NODEV;
 164         dropgid = 0;
 165         memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
 166         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1)
 167                 switch((char)ch) {
 168                 case 'a':
 169                         all = 1;
 170                         break;
 171                 case 'C':
 172                         rawcpu = 1;
 173                         break;
 174                 case 'c':
 175                         cflag = 1;
 176                         break;
 177                 case 'e':                       /* XXX set ufmt */
 178                         needenv = 1;
 179                         break;
 180                 case 'g':
 181                         break;                  /* no-op */
 182                 case 'H':
 183                         showtid = KERN_PROC_FLAG_LWP;
 184                         break;
 185                 case 'h':
 186                         prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
 187                         break;
 188                 case 'j':
 189                         parsefmt(jfmt);
 190                         fmt = 1;
 191                         jfmt[0] = '\0';
 192                         break;
 193                 case 'L':
 194                         showkey();
 195                         exit(0);
 196                 case 'l':
 197                         parsefmt(lfmt);
 198                         fmt = 1;
 199                         lfmt[0] = '\0';
 200                         break;
 201                 case 'M':
 202                         memf = optarg;
 203                         dropgid = 1;
 204                         break;
 205                 case 'm':
 206                         sortby = SORTMEM;
 207                         break;
 208                 case 'N':
 209                         nlistf = optarg;
 210                         dropgid = 1;
 211                         break;
 212                 case 'O':
 213                         parsefmt(o1);
 214                         parsefmt(optarg);
 215                         parsefmt(o2);
 216                         o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
 217                         fmt = 1;
 218                         break;
 219                 case 'o':
 220                         parsefmt(optarg);
 221                         fmt = ofmt = 1;
 222                         break;
 223 #if defined(LAZY_PS)
 224                 case 'f':
 225                         if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0)
 226                             forceuread = 1;
 227                         break;
 228 #endif
 229                 case 'p':
 230                         pid = atol(optarg);
 231                         xflg = 1;
 232                         break;
 233                 case 'r':
 234                         sortby = SORTCPU;
 235                         break;
 236                 case 'S':
 237                         sumrusage = 1;
 238                         break;
 239                 case 'T':
 240                         if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
 241                                 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
 242                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 243                 case 't': {
 244                         struct stat sb;
 245                         char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
 246                         const char *ttypath;
 247
 248                         if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0)
 249                                 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
 250                         else if (*optarg != '/') {
 251                                 snprintf(pathbuf,
 252                                     sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg);
 253                                 ttypath = pathbuf;
 254                         } else
 255                                 ttypath = optarg;
 256                         if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
 257                                 err(1, "%s", ttypath);
 258                         if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
 259                                 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
 260                         ttydev = sb.st_rdev;
 261                         break;
 262                 }
 263                 case 'U':
 264                         uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids);
 265                         xflg++;         /* XXX: intuitive? */
 266                         break;
 267                 case 'u':
 268                         parsefmt(ufmt);
 269                         sortby = SORTCPU;
 270                         fmt = 1;
 271                         ufmt[0] = '\0';
 272                         break;
 273                 case 'v':
 274                         parsefmt(vfmt);
 275                         sortby = SORTMEM;
 276                         fmt = 1;
 277                         vfmt[0] = '\0';
 278                         break;
 279                 case 'w':
 280                         if (wflag)
 281                                 termwidth = UNLIMITED;
 282                         else if (termwidth < 131)
 283                                 termwidth = 131;
 284                         wflag++;
 285                         break;
 286                 case 'x':
 287                         xflg = 1;
 288                         break;
 289                 case '?':
 290                 default:
 291                         usage();
 292                 }
 293         argc -= optind;
 294         argv += optind;
 295
 296 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 297 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 298         if (*argv) {
 299                 nlistf = *argv;
 300                 if (*++argv) {
 301                         memf = *argv;
 302                 }
 303         }
 304 #endif
 305         /*
 306          * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
 307          * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
 308          */
 309         if (dropgid) {
 310                 setgid(getgid());
 311                 setuid(getuid());
 312         }
 313
 314         kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 315         if (kd == 0)
 316                 errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
 317
 318         if (!fmt)
 319                 parsefmt(dfmt);
 320
 321         /*
 322          * Add TID to output format if requested unless user-specific format
 323          * selected.
 324          */
 325         if (showtid && !ofmt)
 326                 insert_tid_in_fmt();
 327
 328         /* XXX - should be cleaner */
 329         if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) {
 330                 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL)
 331                         errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
 332                 nuids = 1;
 333                 *uids = getuid();
 334         }
 335
 336         /*
 337          * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
 338          * and adjusting header widths as appropriate.
 339          */
 340         scanvars();
 341
 342         /*
 343          * Get boot time
 344          */
 345         if (sysctlbyname("kern.boottime", &btime, &btime_size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
 346                 perror("sysctl: kern.boottime");
 347                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 348         }
 349
 350         /*
 351          * Get number of cpus
 352          */
 353         if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &numcpus, &numcpus_size, NULL, 0) < 0)
 354                 numcpus = 1;
 355
 356         /*
 357          * get proc list
 358          */
 359         if (nuids == 1) {
 360                 what = KERN_PROC_UID;
 361                 flag = *uids;
 362         } else if (ttydev != NODEV) {
 363                 what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
 364                 flag = ttydev;
 365         } else if (pid != -1) {
 366                 what = KERN_PROC_PID;
 367                 flag = pid;
 368         } else {
 369                 what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
 370                 flag = 0;
 371         }
 372         what |= showtid;
 373
 374         /*
 375          * select procs
 376          */
 377         if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == NULL)
 378                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 379         if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL)
 380                 err(1, NULL);
 381         for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) {
 382                 kinfo[i].ki_proc = kp;
 383                 if (needuser)
 384                         saveuser(&kinfo[i]);
 385                 dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]);
 386         }
 387
 388         sizevars();
 389
 390         /*
 391          * print header
 392          */
 393         printheader();
 394         if (nentries == 0)
 395                 exit(1);
 396         /*
 397          * sort proc list
 398          */
 399         qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp);
 400         /*
 401          * for each proc, call each variable output function.
 402          */
 403         for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
 404                 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], tdev) == NODEV ||
 405                     (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], flags) & P_CONTROLT ) == 0))
 406                         continue;
 407                 if (nuids > 1) {
 408                         for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++)
 409                                 if (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i], uid) ==
 410                                     uids[uid])
 411                                         break;
 412                         if (uid == nuids)
 413                                 continue;
 414                 }
 415                 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
 416                         (vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent);
 417                         if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, link) != NULL)
 418                                 putchar(' ');
 419                 }
 420                 putchar('\n');
 421                 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
 422                         putchar('\n');
 423                         printheader();
 424                         lineno = 0;
 425                 }
 426         }
 427         free(uids);
 428
 429         exit(eval);
 430 }
 431
 432 uid_t *
 433 getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids)
 434 {
 435         char name[UT_NAMESIZE + 1];
 436         struct passwd *pwd;
 437         uid_t *uids, *moreuids;
 438         size_t l;
 439         int alloc;
 440
 441
 442         alloc = 0;
 443         *nuids = 0;
 444         uids = NULL;
 445         for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) {
 446                 if (l >= sizeof name) {
 447                         warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg);
 448                         continue;
 449                 }
 450                 strncpy(name, arg, l);
 451                 name[l] = '\0';
 452                 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) {
 453                         warnx("%s: no such user", name);
 454                         continue;
 455                 }
 456                 if (*nuids >= alloc) {
 457                         alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1;
 458                         moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids));
 459                         if (moreuids == NULL) {
 460                                 free(uids);
 461                                 errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno));
 462                         }
 463                         uids = moreuids;
 464                 }
 465                 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid;
 466         }
 467         endpwent();
 468
 469         if (!*nuids)
 470                 errx(1, "No users specified");
 471
 472         return uids;
 473 }
 474
 475 static void
 476 scanvars(void)
 477 {
 478         struct varent *vent;
 479         const VAR *v;
 480
 481         STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
 482                 v = vent->var;
 483                 if (v->flag & DSIZ) {
 484                         vent->dwidth = vent->width;
 485                         vent->width = 0;
 486                 }
 487                 if (v->flag & USER)
 488                         needuser = 1;
 489                 if (v->flag & COMM)
 490                         needcomm = 1;
 491         }
 492 }
 493
 494 static void
 495 dynsizevars(KINFO *ki)
 496 {
 497         struct varent *vent;
 498         const VAR *v;
 499         int i;
 500
 501         STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
 502                 v = vent->var;
 503                 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ))
 504                         continue;
 505                 i = (v->sproc)( ki);
 506                 if (vent->width < i)
 507                         vent->width = i;
 508                 if (vent->width > vent->dwidth)
 509                         vent->width = vent->dwidth;
 510         }
 511 }
 512
 513 static void
 514 sizevars(void)
 515 {
 516         struct varent *vent;
 517         const VAR *v;
 518         int i;
 519
 520         STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) {
 521                 v = vent->var;
 522                 i = strlen(vent->header);
 523                 if (vent->width < i)
 524                         vent->width = i;
 525                 totwidth += vent->width + 1;    /* +1 for space */
 526         }
 527         totwidth--;
 528 }
 529
 530 static const char *
 531 getfmt(char **(*fn) (kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, char
 532     *comm, int maxlen)
 533 {
 534         const char *s;
 535
 536         if ((s =
 537             fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_proc, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL)
 538                 err(1, NULL);
 539         return (s);
 540 }
 541
 542 static void
 543 saveuser(KINFO *ki)
 544 {
 545         /*
 546          * save arguments if needed
 547          */
 548         if (needcomm) {
 549                 ki->ki_args = getfmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_PROC(ki, comm),
 550                     MAXCOMLEN);
 551         } else {
 552                 ki->ki_args = NULL;
 553         }
 554         if (needenv) {
 555                 ki->ki_env = getfmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0);
 556         } else {
 557                 ki->ki_env = NULL;
 558         }
 559 }
 560
 561 static int
 562 pscomp(const void *a, const void *b)
 563 {
 564         int i;
 565 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_PROC(k, vm_dsize) + KI_PROC(k, vm_ssize) + \
 566                   KI_PROC(k, vm_tsize))
 567
 568 #if 0
 569         if (sortby == SORTIAC)
 570                 return (KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b)->p_usdata.bsd4.interactive);
 571 #endif
 572         if (sortby == SORTCPU)
 573                 return (getpcpu((const KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((const KINFO *)a));
 574         if (sortby == SORTMEM)
 575                 return (VSIZE((const KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((const KINFO *)a));
 576         i =  KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a, tdev) - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b, tdev);
 577         if (i == 0)
 578                 i = KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a, pid) - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b, pid);
 579         return (i);
 580 }
 581
 582 /*
 583  * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
 584  * here than taint the main code.
 585  *
 586  *  ps foo -> ps -foo
 587  *  ps 34 -> ps -p34
 588  *
 589  * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
 590  * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'.  This same
 591  * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
 592  */
 593 static char *
 594 kludge_oldps_options(char *s)
 595 {
 596         size_t len;
 597         char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
 598
 599         len = strlen(s);
 600         if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL)
 601                 err(1, NULL);
 602         /*
 603          * options begin with '-'
 604          */
 605         if (*s != '-')
 606                 *ns++ = '-';    /* add option flag */
 607         /*
 608          * gaze to end of argv[1]
 609          */
 610         cp = s + len - 1;
 611         /*
 612          * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
 613          * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
 614          * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
 615          *
 616          * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the
 617          * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to
 618          * that flag; do not modify that argument.
 619          */
 620         if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-')
 621                 *cp = 'T';
 622         else {
 623                 /*
 624                  * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
 625                  * pid.
 626                  */
 627                 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp))
 628                         --cp;
 629         }
 630         cp++;
 631         memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s));       /* copy up to trailing number */
 632         ns += cp - s;
 633         /*
 634          * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
 635          * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
 636          */
 637         if (isdigit(*cp) &&
 638             (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) &&
 639             (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't'))
 640                 *ns++ = 'p';
 641         strcpy(ns, cp);         /* and append the number */
 642
 643         return (newopts);
 644 }
 645
 646 static void
 647 usage(void)
 648 {
 649
 650         fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
 651             "usage: ps [-aChHjlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]",
 652             "          [-M core] [-N system]",
 653             "       ps [-L]");
 654         exit(1);
 655 }