2 * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 * without specific prior written permission.
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * @(#)res_send.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
30 * $From: Id: res_send.c,v 8.20 1998/04/06 23:27:51 halley Exp $
31 * $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/net/res_send.c,v 1.31.2.9 2002/04/11 17:30:24 ume Exp $
32 * $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/net/res_send.c,v 1.6 2005/11/13 02:04:47 swildner Exp $
36 * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
38 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
39 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
40 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
41 * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
42 * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
43 * specific, written prior permission.
45 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
46 * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
47 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
48 * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
49 * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
50 * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
51 * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
56 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996 by Internet Software Consortium.
58 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
59 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
60 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
62 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM DISCLAIMS
63 * ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
64 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTERNET SOFTWARE
65 * CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
66 * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
67 * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
68 * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
73 * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
76 #include "namespace.h"
77 #include <sys/types.h>
78 #include <sys/event.h>
79 #include <sys/param.h>
81 #include <sys/socket.h>
84 #include <netinet/in.h>
85 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
86 #include <arpa/inet.h>
95 #include "un-namespace.h"
97 #include "res_config.h"
99 static int s
= -1; /* socket used for communications */
100 static int connected
= 0; /* is the socket connected */
101 static int vc
= 0; /* is the socket a virtual circuit? */
102 static int af
= 0; /* address family of socket */
103 static res_send_qhook Qhook
= NULL
;
104 static res_send_rhook Rhook
= NULL
;
107 #define CAN_RECONNECT 1
110 # define Dprint(cond, args) /*empty*/
111 # define DprintQ(cond, args, query, size) /*empty*/
112 # define Aerror(file, string, error, address) /*empty*/
113 # define Perror(file, string, error) /*empty*/
115 # define Dprint(cond, args) if (cond) {fprintf args;} else {}
116 # define DprintQ(cond, args, query, size) if (cond) {\
118 __fp_nquery(query, size, stdout);\
120 static char abuf
[NI_MAXHOST
];
121 static char pbuf
[NI_MAXSERV
];
122 static void Aerror (FILE *, char *, int, struct sockaddr
*);
123 static void Perror (FILE *, char *, int);
126 Aerror(FILE *file
, char *string
, int error
, struct sockaddr
*address
)
130 if (_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) {
131 if (getnameinfo(address
, address
->sa_len
, abuf
, sizeof(abuf
),
133 NI_NUMERICHOST
|NI_NUMERICSERV
|NI_WITHSCOPEID
) != 0) {
134 strncpy(abuf
, "?", sizeof(abuf
));
135 strncpy(pbuf
, "?", sizeof(pbuf
));
137 fprintf(file
, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
138 string
, abuf
, pbuf
, strerror(error
));
144 Perror(FILE *file
, char *string
, int error
)
148 if (_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) {
149 fprintf(file
, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
150 string
, strerror(error
));
157 res_send_setqhook(res_send_qhook hook
)
164 res_send_setrhook(res_send_rhook hook
)
170 static struct sockaddr
* get_nsaddr (size_t);
173 * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use. see res_init() for initialization.
175 static struct sockaddr
*
179 if (!_res
.nsaddr_list
[n
].sin_family
) {
181 * - _res_ext.nsaddr_list[n] holds an address that is larger
182 * than struct sockaddr, and
183 * - user code did not update _res.nsaddr_list[n].
185 return (struct sockaddr
*)&_res_ext
.nsaddr_list
[n
];
188 * - user code updated _res.nsaddr_list[n], or
189 * - _res.nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
190 * _res_ext.nsaddr_list[n].
192 return (struct sockaddr
*)&_res
.nsaddr_list
[n
];
197 * res_isourserver(ina)
198 * looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
203 * paul vixie, 29may94
206 res_isourserver(const struct sockaddr_in
*inp
)
208 const struct sockaddr_in6
*in6p
= (const struct sockaddr_in6
*)inp
;
209 const struct sockaddr_in6
*srv6
;
210 const struct sockaddr_in
*srv
;
214 switch (inp
->sin_family
) {
216 for (ns
= 0; ns
< _res
.nscount
; ns
++) {
217 srv6
= (struct sockaddr_in6
*)get_nsaddr(ns
);
218 if (srv6
->sin6_family
== in6p
->sin6_family
&&
219 srv6
->sin6_port
== in6p
->sin6_port
&&
220 srv6
->sin6_scope_id
== in6p
->sin6_scope_id
&&
221 (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6
->sin6_addr
) ||
222 IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6
->sin6_addr
,
223 &in6p
->sin6_addr
))) {
230 for (ns
= 0; ns
< _res
.nscount
; ns
++) {
231 srv
= (struct sockaddr_in
*)get_nsaddr(ns
);
232 if (srv
->sin_family
== inp
->sin_family
&&
233 srv
->sin_port
== inp
->sin_port
&&
234 (srv
->sin_addr
.s_addr
== INADDR_ANY
||
235 srv
->sin_addr
.s_addr
== inp
->sin_addr
.s_addr
)) {
246 * res_nameinquery(name, type, class, buf, eom)
247 * look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
249 * buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
255 * paul vixie, 29may94
258 res_nameinquery(const char *name
, int type
, int class, const u_char
*buf
,
261 const u_char
*cp
= buf
+ HFIXEDSZ
;
262 int qdcount
= ntohs(((HEADER
*)buf
)->qdcount
);
264 while (qdcount
-- > 0) {
265 char tname
[MAXDNAME
+1];
266 int n
, ttype
, tclass
;
268 n
= dn_expand(buf
, eom
, cp
, tname
, sizeof tname
);
272 if (cp
+ 2 * INT16SZ
> eom
)
274 ttype
= ns_get16(cp
); cp
+= INT16SZ
;
275 tclass
= ns_get16(cp
); cp
+= INT16SZ
;
278 strcasecmp(tname
, name
) == 0)
285 * res_queriesmatch(buf1, eom1, buf2, eom2)
286 * is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
287 * in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
290 * 0 : not a 1:1 mapping
291 * >0 : is a 1:1 mapping
293 * paul vixie, 29may94
296 res_queriesmatch(const u_char
*buf1
, const u_char
*eom1
,
297 const u_char
*buf2
, const u_char
*eom2
)
299 const u_char
*cp
= buf1
+ HFIXEDSZ
;
300 int qdcount
= ntohs(((HEADER
*)buf1
)->qdcount
);
302 if (buf1
+ HFIXEDSZ
> eom1
|| buf2
+ HFIXEDSZ
> eom2
)
306 * Only header section present in replies to
307 * dynamic update packets.
309 if ( (((HEADER
*)buf1
)->opcode
== ns_o_update
) &&
310 (((HEADER
*)buf2
)->opcode
== ns_o_update
) )
313 if (qdcount
!= ntohs(((HEADER
*)buf2
)->qdcount
))
315 while (qdcount
-- > 0) {
316 char tname
[MAXDNAME
+1];
317 int n
, ttype
, tclass
;
319 n
= dn_expand(buf1
, eom1
, cp
, tname
, sizeof tname
);
323 if (cp
+ 2 * INT16SZ
> eom1
)
325 ttype
= ns_get16(cp
); cp
+= INT16SZ
;
326 tclass
= ns_get16(cp
); cp
+= INT16SZ
;
327 if (!res_nameinquery(tname
, ttype
, tclass
, buf2
, eom2
))
334 res_send(const u_char
*buf
, int buflen
, u_char
*ans
, int anssiz
)
336 HEADER
*hp
= (HEADER
*) buf
;
337 HEADER
*anhp
= (HEADER
*) ans
;
338 int gotsomewhere
, connreset
, terrno
, try, v_circuit
, resplen
, ns
, n
;
340 u_int badns
; /* XXX NSMAX can't exceed #/bits in this variable */
342 if ((_res
.options
& RES_INIT
) == 0 && res_init() == -1) {
343 /* errno should have been set by res_init() in this case. */
346 if (anssiz
< HFIXEDSZ
) {
350 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) || (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_QUERY
),
351 (stdout
, ";; res_send()\n"), buf
, buflen
);
352 v_circuit
= (_res
.options
& RES_USEVC
) || buflen
> PACKETSZ
;
358 if ((kq
= kqueue()) < 0) {
359 Perror(stderr
, "kqueue", errno
);
364 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful
366 for (try = 0; try < _res
.retry
; try++) {
367 for (ns
= 0; ns
< _res
.nscount
; ns
++) {
368 struct sockaddr
*nsap
= get_nsaddr(ns
);
372 salen
= nsap
->sa_len
;
373 else if (nsap
->sa_family
== AF_INET6
)
374 salen
= sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6
);
375 else if (nsap
->sa_family
== AF_INET
)
376 salen
= sizeof(struct sockaddr_in
);
378 salen
= 0; /*unknown, die on connect*/
381 if (badns
& (1 << ns
)) {
387 int done
= 0, loops
= 0;
392 act
= (*Qhook
)((struct sockaddr_in
**)&nsap
,
394 ans
, anssiz
, &resplen
);
406 /* give the hook another try */
407 if (++loops
< 42) /*doug adams*/
419 Dprint((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) &&
420 getnameinfo(nsap
, salen
, abuf
, sizeof(abuf
),
421 NULL
, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST
| NI_WITHSCOPEID
) == 0,
422 (stdout
, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
432 * Use virtual circuit;
433 * at most one attempt per server.
437 if (s
< 0 || !vc
|| hp
->opcode
== ns_o_update
||
438 af
!= nsap
->sa_family
) {
442 af
= nsap
->sa_family
;
443 s
= _socket(af
, SOCK_STREAM
, 0);
446 Perror(stderr
, "socket(vc)", errno
);
452 if (_connect(s
, nsap
, salen
) < 0) {
454 Aerror(stderr
, "connect/vc",
463 * Send length & message
465 putshort((u_short
)buflen
, (u_char
*)&len
);
466 iov
[0].iov_base
= (caddr_t
)&len
;
467 iov
[0].iov_len
= INT16SZ
;
468 iov
[1].iov_base
= (caddr_t
)buf
;
469 iov
[1].iov_len
= buflen
;
470 if (_writev(s
, iov
, 2) != (INT16SZ
+ buflen
)) {
472 Perror(stderr
, "write failed", errno
);
478 * Receive length & response
483 while ((n
= _read(s
, (char *)cp
, (int)len
)) > 0) {
490 Perror(stderr
, "read failed", errno
);
493 * A long running process might get its TCP
494 * connection reset if the remote server was
495 * restarted. Requery the server instead of
496 * trying a new one. When there is only one
497 * server, this means that a query might work
498 * instead of failing. We only allow one reset
499 * per query to prevent looping.
501 if (terrno
== ECONNRESET
&& !connreset
) {
509 resplen
= ns_get16(ans
);
510 if (resplen
> anssiz
) {
511 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
512 (stdout
, ";; response truncated\n")
518 if (len
< HFIXEDSZ
) {
520 * Undersized message.
522 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
523 (stdout
, ";; undersized: %d\n", len
));
531 (n
= _read(s
, (char *)cp
, (int)len
)) > 0) {
537 Perror(stderr
, "read(vc)", errno
);
543 * Flush rest of answer
544 * so connection stays in synch.
547 len
= resplen
- anssiz
;
551 n
= (len
> sizeof(junk
)
554 if ((n
= _read(s
, junk
, n
)) > 0)
561 * The calling applicating has bailed out of
562 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
563 * the circuit closed or the server has got
564 * itself confused. Anyway drop the packet and
565 * wait for the correct one.
567 if (hp
->id
!= anhp
->id
) {
568 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
569 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
),
570 (stdout
, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
571 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
580 struct timeval timeout
, ctv
;
581 struct sockaddr_storage from
;
584 if (s
< 0 || vc
|| af
!= nsap
->sa_family
) {
587 af
= nsap
->sa_family
;
588 s
= _socket(af
, SOCK_DGRAM
, 0);
590 #ifndef CAN_RECONNECT
594 Perror(stderr
, "socket(dg)", errno
);
601 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
603 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
604 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
605 * port with no nameserver will cause an
606 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
607 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
608 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
609 * socket operation, and select returns if the
610 * error message is received. We can thus detect
611 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
612 * If we have sent queries to at least two servers,
613 * however, we don't want to remain connected,
614 * as we wish to receive answers from the first
617 * When the option "insecure1" is specified, we'd
618 * rather expect to see responses from an "unknown"
619 * address. In order to let the kernel accept such
620 * responses, do not connect the socket here.
621 * XXX: or do we need an explicit option to disable
624 if (!(_res
.options
& RES_INSECURE1
) &&
625 (_res
.nscount
== 1 || (try == 0 && ns
== 0))) {
627 * Connect only if we are sure we won't
628 * receive a response from another server.
631 if (_connect(s
, nsap
, salen
) < 0) {
641 if (send(s
, (char*)buf
, buflen
, 0) != buflen
) {
642 Perror(stderr
, "send", errno
);
649 * Disconnect if we want to listen
650 * for responses from more than one server.
654 /* XXX: any errornous address */
655 struct sockaddr_in no_addr
;
657 no_addr
.sin_family
= AF_INET
;
658 no_addr
.sin_addr
.s_addr
= INADDR_ANY
;
659 no_addr
.sin_port
= 0;
661 (struct sockaddr
*)&no_addr
,
664 int s1
= _socket(af
, SOCK_DGRAM
,0);
669 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
670 (stdout
, ";; new DG socket\n"))
671 #endif /* CAN_RECONNECT */
675 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
676 if (_sendto(s
, (char*)buf
, buflen
, 0,
677 nsap
, salen
) != buflen
) {
678 Aerror(stderr
, "sendto", errno
, nsap
);
683 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
685 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
691 timeout
.tv_sec
= (_res
.retrans
<< try);
693 timeout
.tv_sec
/= _res
.nscount
;
694 if ((long) timeout
.tv_sec
<= 0)
697 TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC(&timeout
, &ts
);
698 gettimeofday(&ctv
, NULL
);
699 timeradd(&timeout
, &ctv
, &timeout
);
702 Perror(stderr
, "s out-of-bounds", EMFILE
);
707 EV_SET(&kv
, s
, EVFILT_READ
, EV_ADD
| EV_ONESHOT
, 0,0,0);
709 n
= _kevent(kq
, &kv
, 1, &kv
, 1, &ts
);
711 if (errno
== EINTR
) {
712 gettimeofday(&ctv
, NULL
);
713 if (timercmp(&ctv
, &timeout
, <)) {
714 timersub(&timeout
, &ctv
, &ctv
);
715 TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC(&ctv
, &ts
);
719 Perror(stderr
, "kevent", errno
);
728 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
729 (stdout
, ";; timeout\n"));
735 fromlen
= sizeof(from
);
736 resplen
= _recvfrom(s
, (char*)ans
, anssiz
, 0,
737 (struct sockaddr
*)&from
, &fromlen
);
739 Perror(stderr
, "recvfrom", errno
);
744 if (resplen
< HFIXEDSZ
) {
746 * Undersized message.
748 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
749 (stdout
, ";; undersized: %d\n",
756 if (hp
->id
!= anhp
->id
) {
758 * response from old query, ignore it.
759 * XXX - potential security hazard could
762 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
763 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
),
764 (stdout
, ";; old answer:\n"),
765 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
768 #ifdef CHECK_SRVR_ADDR
769 if (!(_res
.options
& RES_INSECURE1
) &&
770 !res_isourserver((struct sockaddr_in
*)&from
)) {
772 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
773 * XXX - potential security hazard could
776 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
777 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
),
778 (stdout
, ";; not our server:\n"),
779 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
783 if (!(_res
.options
& RES_INSECURE2
) &&
784 !res_queriesmatch(buf
, buf
+ buflen
,
785 ans
, ans
+ anssiz
)) {
787 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
788 * XXX - potential security hazard could
791 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
792 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
),
793 (stdout
, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
794 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
797 if (anhp
->rcode
== SERVFAIL
||
798 anhp
->rcode
== NOTIMP
||
799 anhp
->rcode
== REFUSED
) {
800 DprintQ(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
801 (stdout
, "server rejected query:\n"),
802 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
805 /* don't retry if called from dig */
809 if (!(_res
.options
& RES_IGNTC
) && anhp
->tc
) {
811 * get rest of answer;
812 * use TCP with same server.
814 Dprint(_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
,
815 (stdout
, ";; truncated answer\n"));
821 Dprint((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
822 ((_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
) &&
823 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_HEAD1
)),
824 (stdout
, ";; got answer:\n"));
825 DprintQ((_res
.options
& RES_DEBUG
) ||
826 (_res
.pfcode
& RES_PRF_REPLY
),
828 ans
, (resplen
>anssiz
)?anssiz
:resplen
);
830 * If using virtual circuits, we assume that the first server
831 * is preferred over the rest (i.e. it is on the local
832 * machine) and only keep that one open.
833 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
834 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
837 if ((v_circuit
&& (!(_res
.options
& RES_USEVC
) || ns
!= 0)) ||
838 !(_res
.options
& RES_STAYOPEN
)) {
842 int done
= 0, loops
= 0;
847 act
= (*Rhook
)((struct sockaddr_in
*)nsap
,
849 ans
, anssiz
, &resplen
);
859 /* give the hook another try */
860 if (++loops
< 42) /*doug adams*/
881 errno
= ECONNREFUSED
; /* no nameservers found */
883 errno
= ETIMEDOUT
; /* no answer obtained */
890 * This routine is for closing the socket if a virtual circuit is used and
891 * the program wants to close it. This provides support for endhostent()
892 * which expects to close the socket.
894 * This routine is not expected to be user visible.
909 * Weak aliases for applications that use certain private entry points,
910 * and fail to include <resolv.h>.
913 __weak_reference(__res_close
, _res_close
);
915 __weak_reference(__res_send
, res_send
);