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28 .\" @(#)unvis.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
29 .\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/gen/unvis.3,v 1.18 2007/01/09 00:27:56 imp Exp $
30 .\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/gen/unvis.3,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:26:42 dillon Exp $
39 .Nd decode a visual representation of characters
45 .Fn unvis "char *cp" "int c" "int *astate" "int flag"
47 .Fn strunvis "char *dst" "const char *src"
49 .Fn strunvisx "char *dst" "const char *src" "int flag"
57 are used to decode a visual representation of characters, as produced
62 Unvis is called with successive characters in
65 sequence is recognized, at which time the decoded character is
66 available at the character pointed to by
69 characters pointed to by
71 into the buffer pointed to by
81 decoding any escape sequences along the way,
82 and returns the number of characters placed into
85 invalid escape sequence was detected.
91 (that is, no expansion takes place during
96 function does the same as the
99 but it allows you to add a flag that specifies the style the string
102 Currently, the only supported flag is
108 implements a state machine that can be used to decode an arbitrary
110 All state associated with the bytes being decoded
111 is stored outside the
113 function (that is, a pointer to the state is passed in), so
114 calls decoding different streams can be freely intermixed.
116 start decoding a stream of bytes, first initialize an integer
120 with each successive byte, along with a pointer
121 to this integer, and a pointer to a destination character.
125 has several return codes that must be handled properly.
127 .Bl -tag -width ".Dv UNVIS_VALIDPUSH"
129 Another character is necessary; nothing has been recognized yet.
131 A valid character has been recognized and is available at the location
133 .It Dv UNVIS_VALIDPUSH
134 A valid character has been recognized and is available at the location
135 pointed to by cp; however, the character currently passed in should
138 A valid sequence was detected, but no character was produced.
140 return code is necessary to indicate a logical break between characters.
142 An invalid escape sequence was detected, or the decoder is in an
144 The decoder is placed into the starting state.
147 When all bytes in the stream have been processed, call
153 to extract any remaining character (the character passed in is ignored).
157 argument is also used to specify the encoding style of the source.
161 will decode URI strings as specified in RFC 1808.
163 The following code fragment illustrates a proper use of
165 .Bd -literal -offset indent
169 while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) {
171 switch(unvis(&out, ch, &state, 0)) {
178 case UNVIS_VALIDPUSH:
182 (void)fprintf(stderr, "bad sequence!\en");
186 if (unvis(&out, (char)0, &state, UNVIS_END) == UNVIS_VALID)
194 .%T Relative Uniform Resource Locators