bin/cp/cp.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   6  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  18  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  19  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  22  *    without specific prior written permission.
  23  *
  24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  35  *
  36  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  37  * @(#)cp.c     8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94
  38  * $FreeBSD: src/bin/cp/cp.c,v 1.51 2005/01/10 08:39:21 imp Exp $ $
  39  * $DragonFly: src/bin/cp/cp.c,v 1.12 2006/06/19 12:07:50 corecode Exp $
  40  */
  41
  42 /*
  43  * Cp copies source files to target files.
  44  *
  45  * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the
  46  * current target file.  Since fts(3) does not change directories,
  47  * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative.
  48  *
  49  * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse
  50  * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list.  A trivial case is the
  51  * case of 'cp file1 file2'.  The more interesting case is the case of
  52  * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the
  53  * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored
  54  * in "to") to form the final target path.
  55  */
  56
  57 #include <sys/types.h>
  58 #include <sys/stat.h>
  59
  60 #include <err.h>
  61 #include <errno.h>
  62 #include <fts.h>
  63 #include <limits.h>
  64 #include <signal.h>
  65 #include <stdio.h>
  66 #include <stdlib.h>
  67 #include <string.h>
  68 #include <unistd.h>
  69
  70 #include "extern.h"
  71
  72 #define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) {                                       \
  73         while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/')      \
  74                 *--(p).p_end = 0;                                       \
  75 }
  76
  77 PATH_T to = { to.p_path, to.p_path, "" };
  78
  79 int fflag, iflag, nflag, pflag, vflag;
  80 static int Rflag, rflag;
  81 volatile sig_atomic_t info;
  82
  83 enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE };
  84
  85 static int copy (char **, enum op, int);
  86 static int mastercmp (const FTSENT * const *, const FTSENT * const *);
  87 static void siginfo (int);
  88
  89 int
  90 main(int argc, char **argv)
  91 {
  92         struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat;
  93         enum op type;
  94         int Hflag, Lflag, Pflag, ch, has_trailing_slash, r, fts_options;
  95         char *target;
  96
  97         Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = 0;
  98         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRfinprv")) != -1)
  99                 switch (ch) {
 100                 case 'H':
 101                         Hflag = 1;
 102                         Lflag = Pflag = 0;
 103                         break;
 104                 case 'L':
 105                         Lflag = 1;
 106                         Hflag = Pflag = 0;
 107                         break;
 108                 case 'P':
 109                         Pflag = 1;
 110                         Hflag = Lflag = 0;
 111                         break;
 112                 case 'R':
 113                         Rflag = 1;
 114                         break;
 115                 case 'f':
 116                         fflag = 1;
 117                         iflag = nflag = 0;
 118                         break;
 119                 case 'i':
 120                         iflag = 1;
 121                         fflag = nflag = 0;
 122                         break;
 123                 case 'n':
 124                         nflag = 1;
 125                         fflag = iflag = 0;
 126                         break;
 127                 case 'p':
 128                         pflag = 1;
 129                         break;
 130                 case 'r':
 131                         rflag = 1;
 132                         break;
 133                 case 'v':
 134                         vflag = 1;
 135                         break;
 136                 default:
 137                         usage();
 138                         break;
 139                 }
 140         argc -= optind;
 141         argv += optind;
 142
 143         if (argc < 2)
 144                 usage();
 145
 146         fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL;
 147         if (rflag) {
 148                 if (Rflag)
 149                         errx(1,
 150                     "the -R and -r options may not be specified together.");
 151                 if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag)
 152                         errx(1,
 153         "the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option.");
 154                 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 155                 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 156         }
 157         if (Rflag) {
 158                 if (Hflag)
 159                         fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW;
 160                 if (Lflag) {
 161                         fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 162                         fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 163                 }
 164         } else {
 165                 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 166                 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL | FTS_COMFOLLOW;
 167         }
 168         signal(SIGINFO, siginfo);
 169
 170         /* Save the target base in "to". */
 171         target = argv[--argc];
 172         if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path))
 173                 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target);
 174         to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path);
 175         if (to.p_path == to.p_end) {
 176                 *to.p_end++ = '.';
 177                 *to.p_end = 0;
 178         }
 179         has_trailing_slash = (to.p_end[-1] == '/');
 180         if (has_trailing_slash)
 181                 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 182         to.target_end = to.p_end;
 183
 184         /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */
 185         argv[argc] = NULL;
 186
 187         /*
 188          * Cp has two distinct cases:
 189          *
 190          * cp [-R] source target
 191          * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory
 192          *
 193          * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory.
 194          *
 195          * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the
 196          * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for
 197          * directories.
 198          *
 199          * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source".
 200          */
 201         r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
 202         if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
 203                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 204         if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 205                 /*
 206                  * Case (1).  Target is not a directory.
 207                  */
 208                 if (argc > 1) {
 209                         usage();
 210                         exit(1);
 211                 }
 212                 /*
 213                  * Need to detect the case:
 214                  *      cp -R dir foo
 215                  * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where
 216                  * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for
 217                  * the initial mkdir().
 218                  */
 219                 if (r == -1) {
 220                         if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag)))
 221                                 stat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 222                         else
 223                                 lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 224
 225                         if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag))
 226                                 type = DIR_TO_DNE;
 227                         else
 228                                 type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 229                 } else
 230                         type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 231
 232                 if (has_trailing_slash && type == FILE_TO_FILE) {
 233                         if (r == -1)
 234                                 errx(1, "directory %s does not exist", to.p_path);
 235                         else
 236                                 errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path);
 237                 }
 238         } else
 239                 /*
 240                  * Case (2).  Target is a directory.
 241                  */
 242                 type = FILE_TO_DIR;
 243
 244         exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options));
 245 }
 246
 247 static int
 248 copy(char **argv, enum op type, int fts_options)
 249 {
 250         struct stat to_stat;
 251         FTS *ftsp;
 252         FTSENT *curr;
 253         int base, dne, badcp, nlen, rval;
 254         char *p, *target_mid;
 255         mode_t mask, mode;
 256
 257         /*
 258          * Keep an inverted copy of the umask, for use in correcting
 259          * permissions on created directories when not using -p.
 260          */
 261         mask = ~umask(0777);
 262         umask(~mask);
 263         base = 0;
 264
 265         if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, mastercmp)) == NULL)
 266                 err(1, NULL);
 267         for (badcp = rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL; badcp = 0) {
 268                 switch (curr->fts_info) {
 269                 case FTS_NS:
 270                 case FTS_DNR:
 271                 case FTS_ERR:
 272                         warnx("%s: %s",
 273                             curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno));
 274                         badcp = rval = 1;
 275                         continue;
 276                 case FTS_DC:                    /* Warn, continue. */
 277                         warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path);
 278                         badcp = rval = 1;
 279                         continue;
 280                 }
 281
 282                 /*
 283                  * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the
 284                  * source name to the target name.
 285                  */
 286                 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) {
 287                         /*
 288                          * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create
 289                          * correct pathnames.  If there's a directory being
 290                          * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g.
 291                          *      cp -R a/dir noexist
 292                          * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not
 293                          * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which
 294                          * is the case where the target exists.
 295                          *
 296                          * Also, check for "..".  This is for correct path
 297                          * concatenation for paths ending in "..", e.g.
 298                          *      cp -R .. /tmp
 299                          * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".".  This is
 300                          * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem.
 301                          *
 302                          * XXX
 303                          * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base
 304                          * is always initialized.
 305                          */
 306                         if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
 307                                 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) {
 308                                         p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/');
 309                                         base = (p == NULL) ? 0 :
 310                                             (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1);
 311
 312                                         if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base],
 313                                             ".."))
 314                                                 base += 1;
 315                                 } else
 316                                         base = curr->fts_pathlen;
 317                         }
 318
 319                         p = &curr->fts_path[base];
 320                         nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base;
 321                         target_mid = to.target_end;
 322                         if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/')
 323                                 *target_mid++ = '/';
 324                         *target_mid = 0;
 325                         if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) {
 326                                 warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)",
 327                                     to.p_path, p);
 328                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 329                                 continue;
 330                         }
 331                         strncat(target_mid, p, nlen);
 332                         to.p_end = target_mid + nlen;
 333                         *to.p_end = 0;
 334                         STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 335                 }
 336
 337                 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) {
 338                         /*
 339                          * We are nearly finished with this directory.  If we
 340                          * didn't actually copy it, or otherwise don't need to
 341                          * change its attributes, then we are done.
 342                          */
 343                         if (!curr->fts_number)
 344                                 continue;
 345                         /*
 346                          * If -p is in effect, set all the attributes.
 347                          * Otherwise, set the correct permissions, limited
 348                          * by the umask.  Optimise by avoiding a chmod()
 349                          * if possible (which is usually the case if we
 350                          * made the directory).  Note that mkdir() does not
 351                          * honour setuid, setgid and sticky bits, but we
 352                          * normally want to preserve them on directories.
 353                          */
 354                         if (pflag) {
 355                                 if (setfile(curr->fts_statp, -1))
 356                                     rval = 1;
 357                         } else {
 358                                 mode = curr->fts_statp->st_mode;
 359                                 if ((mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISTXT)) ||
 360                                     ((mode | S_IRWXU) & mask) != (mode & mask))
 361                                         if (chmod(to.p_path, mode & mask) != 0){
 362                                                 warn("chmod: %s", to.p_path);
 363                                                 rval = 1;
 364                                         }
 365                         }
 366                         continue;
 367                 }
 368
 369                 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened */
 370                 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1)
 371                         dne = 1;
 372                 else {
 373                         if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev &&
 374                             to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) {
 375                                 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).",
 376                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 377                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 378                                 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode))
 379                                         fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 380                                 continue;
 381                         }
 382                         if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) &&
 383                             S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 384                 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory %s",
 385                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 386                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 387                                 continue;
 388                         }
 389                         dne = 0;
 390                 }
 391
 392                 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 393                 case S_IFLNK:
 394                         /* Catch special case of a non-dangling symlink */
 395                         if ((fts_options & FTS_LOGICAL) ||
 396                             ((fts_options & FTS_COMFOLLOW) &&
 397                             curr->fts_level == 0)) {
 398                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 399                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 400                         } else {
 401                                 if (copy_link(curr, !dne))
 402                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 403                         }
 404                         break;
 405                 case S_IFDIR:
 406                         if (!Rflag && !rflag) {
 407                                 warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).",
 408                                     curr->fts_path);
 409                                 fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 410                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 411                                 break;
 412                         }
 413                         /*
 414                          * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new
 415                          * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits,
 416                          * modified by the umask.  Trade-off between being
 417                          * able to write the directory (if from directory is
 418                          * 555) and not causing a permissions race.  If the
 419                          * umask blocks owner writes, we fail..
 420                          */
 421                         if (dne) {
 422                                 if (mkdir(to.p_path,
 423                                     curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0)
 424                                         err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 425                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 426                                 errno = ENOTDIR;
 427                                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 428                         }
 429                         /*
 430                          * Arrange to correct directory attributes later
 431                          * (in the post-order phase) if this is a new
 432                          * directory, or if the -p flag is in effect.
 433                          */
 434                         curr->fts_number = pflag || dne;
 435                         break;
 436                 case S_IFBLK:
 437                 case S_IFCHR:
 438                         if (Rflag) {
 439                                 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 440                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 441                         } else {
 442                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 443                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 444                         }
 445                         break;
 446                 case S_IFIFO:
 447                         if (Rflag) {
 448                                 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 449                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 450                         } else {
 451                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 452                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 453                         }
 454                         break;
 455                 default:
 456                         if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 457                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 458                         break;
 459                 }
 460                 if (vflag && !badcp)
 461                         printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path);
 462         }
 463         if (errno)
 464                 err(1, "fts_read");
 465         fts_close(ftsp);
 466         return (rval);
 467 }
 468
 469 /*
 470  * mastercmp --
 471  *      The comparison function for the copy order.  The order is to copy
 472  *      non-directory files before directory files.  The reason for this
 473  *      is because files tend to be in the same cylinder group as their
 474  *      parent directory, whereas directories tend not to be.  Copying the
 475  *      files first reduces seeking.
 476  */
 477 static int
 478 mastercmp(const FTSENT * const *a, const FTSENT * const *b)
 479 {
 480         int a_info, b_info;
 481
 482         a_info = (*a)->fts_info;
 483         if (a_info == FTS_ERR || a_info == FTS_NS || a_info == FTS_DNR)
 484                 return (0);
 485         b_info = (*b)->fts_info;
 486         if (b_info == FTS_ERR || b_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_DNR)
 487                 return (0);
 488         if (a_info == FTS_D)
 489                 return (-1);
 490         if (b_info == FTS_D)
 491                 return (1);
 492         return (0);
 493 }
 494
 495 static void
 496 siginfo(int notused __unused)
 497 {
 498
 499         info = 1;
 500 }